TUESDAY, May 26, 2020 -- If anxiety and fear about COVID-19 are keeping you awake, rest assured: Adopting a few easy-to-follow habits will help you get a good night's sleep. "Now more than ever, we need to get good sleep," said Dr. Amy Guralnick, a...
Here are some of the latest health and medical news developments, compiled by the editors of HealthDay: WHO Suspends Testing of Hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 Patients The World Health Organization has suspended use of the anti-malarial drug...
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Opioids, such as morphine and fentanyl, are widely used for the treatment of severe pain; however, prolonged treatment with these drugs leads to the development of tolerance and can lead to opioid use disorder. The “Opioid Epidemic” has generated a drive for a deeper understanding of the fundamental signaling mechanisms...
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The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has determined that there is not enough evidence to make a recommendation for or against primary-care-based...
Here's what we chose for you from NEJM Group today: New England Journal of Medicine: Perspective: Should clinicians be advising people at heightened risk for...
See some of the latest developments in novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): CDC guidance on antibody testing: The CDC has issued interim guidance on testing...
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Abstract Angiotensin-II (Ang-II) receptor plays a role in allergic airway inflammation; however, the underlying mechanism and role of macrophages need better understanding. In the present study, angiotensin-II infusion (1 μg/kg/min) in ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation mice model significantly decreased immune cell infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia, and eosinophil numbers in lungs. Ang-II infusion increased M1 and decreased M2 macrophage...
Abstract Apigenin, a flavonoid found in many plants, has various biological properties. We aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity of apigenin against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in mice and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells and possible mechanism. In vivo, apigenin significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase...
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Asthma may prolong the time a person hospitalized with COVID-19 is on a ventilator, a new study suggests. Reuters Health Information
A small autopsy study shows severe lung damage from COVID-19, but is it different than that seen in severe influenza? A thrombosis expert suggests the findings are not a surprise. Medscape Medical News
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Abstract Colobronchial fistulas are a rare entity. We report a 68-year-old male who presented with fecoptysis for 5 years. He had a history of exploratory laparotomy 35 years back. Subsequent investigations revealed a colobronchial fistula. The patient was treated with a combined laparoscopic-mini thoracotomy approach. He is disease free at present. This case enlightens the need to investigate the varied presentations and the need for different diagnostic modalities that go into...
Abstract Decline in muscle mass and function has been associated with frailty syndrome and other chronic medical conditions. Poor outcomes following treatment have been reported in various gastrointestinal malignancies in sarcopenic patients. The Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia has suggested 2 standard deviation below the mean muscle mass of a young reference group, as the cut-off point for defining this entity. However, values vary according to ethnicities, and no study has...
Abstract The relationship of thyroid tissue weight and volume to malignancy in nodular goiter patients is not clear. The general belief is that heavier and larger tissues are related to malignancy. Total thyroidectomy was performed in 52 nodular goiter patients (41 females and 11 males; age range 20–78 years; mean age 47.8 years) with suspected malignancy. Resected fresh tissues were weighed with a precision scale, and computed tomography (CT) images were acquired immediately thereafter...
Abstract A 20-year-old gentleman presented to the outpatient department with complains of dull pain in right upper abdomen quadrant for 2 months and 5-kg weight loss over this period. The patient denied any history of jaundice, trauma, or cough. He had taken 6 months of antitubercular therapy (ATT) 5 years back for tubercular pleural effusion. On per abdomen examination, the fullness in right intercostal region (7th and 8th intercostal space in mid clavicular line) was noted. Ultrasound...
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eSchedule is a software company specializing in online scheduling and timekeeping for public safety organizations — EMS, Fire and Law Enforcement. The company is looking to grow exponentially and is seeking individuals across the United States and Canada to assist with referrals and/or direct sales. The position is a great opportunity for any individual with existing connections (locally, region...
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Hypothyroidism Due to Iodine Overload in Children Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis: A Report of 4 Cases
Children who receive peritoneal dialysis (PD) are at increased risk for thyroid dysfunction. A rarely appreciated cause is iodine overload. We report 4 children who developed iodine overload and secondary hypothyroidism. All had kidney failure treated by PD. Each previously had normal thyroid function screening test results. At the time hypothyroidism was detected, the duration of PD ranged from 1 week to 27 months (median, 6 months). Three children had high thyrotropin values and all had high serum...
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Abstract Introduction Bladder Bowel Dysfunction (BBD) has been described in patients with Down’s Syndrome (DS). Our aim was to report the incidence, demographics, presentation, complications and management of the bladder in DS patients with BBD. Methods A systematic review was performed using PRISMA guidelines and search terms “{[(trisomy 21) OR down’s...
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Cell Death & Disease, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2600-3Decreased expression of FBXW7 by ERK1/2 activation in drug-resistant cancer cells confers transcriptional activation of MDR1 by suppression of ubiquitin degradation of HSF1
Cell Death & Disease, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2607-9Circular RNA circNRIP1 promotes migration and invasion in cervical cancer by sponging miR-629-3p and regulating the PTP4A1/ERK1/2 pathway
Cell Death & Disease, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2609-7P2Y14 receptor has a critical role in acute gouty arthritis by regulating pyroptosis of macrophages
Cell Death & Disease, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2592-zKinesin light chain 4 as a new target for lung cancer chemoresistance via targeted inhibition of checkpoint kinases in the DNA repair network
Cell Death & Disease, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2610-1APN-mediated phosphorylation of BCKDK promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis and proliferation via the ERK signaling pathway
Cell Death & Disease, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2611-0HUWE1-dependent DNA-PKcs neddylation modulates its autophosphorylation in DNA damage response
Cell Death & Disease, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41419-020-2601-2Fine tuning of the unfolded protein response by ISRIB improves neuronal survival in a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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#JNOLive: May 26th, 2020 Wesley Yeung, MBBS joins JAMA Network Open Editors to discuss a cross-sectional study examining factors associated with proper use of N95 masks among residents of Singapore. Read the article here: https://ja.ma/2McRL2l. Articles discussed in this episode: 0:30 Assessment of Proficiency of N95 Mask Donning Among the General Public in Singapore (https://ja.ma/2McRL2l) 12:15 Prevalence and Clinical Presentation of Health Care Workers With Symptoms of Coronavirus Disease...
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Unfortunately, 3rd author’s first name was incorrectly published in the original publication. The complete correct name is given below,
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Abstract Objectives To compare the difference in mandibular canal (MC) visibility using three different cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisition protocols: high resolution (HR), standard resolution (ST) and Quick scan+ (QS+). Methods Twenty-five human dry mandibles were scanned by one CBCT machine; i-CAT FLX (Imaging Sciences International,...
7h
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In a new study, researchers have discovered how the protein PP2A can inhibit tumor growth in mice. The protein turns off an enzyme that stimulates cell growth, thus inhibiting the development of cancer.
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by Shingo Togano, Masakazu Yashiro, Yuichiro Miki, Yurie Yamamoto, Tomohiro Sera, Yukako Kushitani, Atsushi Sugimoto, Shuhei Kushiyama, Sadaaki Nishimura, Kenji Kuroda, Tomohisa Okuno, Mami Yoshii, Tatsuro Tamura, Takahiro Toyokawa, Hiroaki Tanaka, Kazuya Muguruma, Sayaka Tanaka, Masaichi Ohira
by Reinhold Kilian, Annabel Müller-Stierlin, Felicitas Söhner, Petra Beschoner, Harald Gündel, Tobias Staiger, Maja Stiawa, Thomas Becker, Karel Frasch, Maria Panzirsch, Max Schmauß, Silvia Krumm Purpose A traditional male role orientation is considered to increase the risk of depression and preventing men from disclosing symptoms of mental illness and seeking professional help. Less is known about the variance of masculinity orientations in men already treated for depression and their role in...
by Chung-Kai Chou, Kuei-Chuan Lee, Jiing-Chyuan Luo, Tseng-Shing Chen, Chin-Lin Perng, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Han-Chien Lin, Ming-Chih Hou Objectives The adequate duration for EPBD was unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of balloon dilatation duration of EPBD on the occurrence of PEP. Methods One hundred and ninety-eight patients with common bile duct (CBD) stone treated by EPBD were retrospectively recruited. The dilatation duration was determined according to adequate opening of...
by Pedro Paulino Borges, Murilo Sversut Dias, Fernando Rogério Carvalho, Lilian Casatti, Paulo Santos Pompeu, Mauricio Cetra, Francisco Leonardo Tejerina-Garro, Yzel Rondon Súarez, João Carlos Nabout, Fabrício Barreto Teresa Understanding how assemblages are structured in space and the factors promoting their distributions is one of the main goals in Ecology, however, studies regarding the distribution of organisms at larger scales remain biased towards terrestrial groups. We attempt to understand...
by R. Frederick Lambert, Amy Yu, Catherine Orrell, Jessica E. Haberer Introduction The purpose of this study was to explore factors that impact patients’ ability to access high quality, expeditious oral health care by understanding medical professionals’ knowledge of oral health, the care they provide to patients presenting with oral health complaints, and their perceptions of potential interventions to improve oral health care delivery. Methods We conducted in depth qualitative interviews, which...
Effects of maturation on knee biomechanics during cutting and landing in young female soccer players
by Audrey E. Westbrook, Jeffrey B. Taylor, Anh-Dung Nguyen, Mark V. Paterno, Kevin R. Ford Young female soccer players are at high risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury due to the fast-paced nature of the sport and surplus of unplanned movements during play. Neuromuscular training programs that aim to reduce this injury by targeting the associated biomechanical movements are a potential solution. While previous studies have examined the lack of dynamic knee control during landing, there...
by Katherine A. Ruppert, Karthik S. Prabhakara, Naama E. Toledano-Furman, Sanjna Udtha, Austin Q. Arceneaux, Hyeonggeun Park, An Dao, Charles S. Cox, Scott D. Olson In the U.S., approximately 1.7 million people suffer traumatic brain injury each year, with many enduring long-term consequences and significant medical and rehabilitation costs. The primary injury causes physical damage to neurons, glia, fiber tracts and microvasculature, which is then followed by secondary injury, consisting of...
by Charlotte Oja, Tobias Edbom, Anna Nager, Jörgen Månsson, Solvig Ekblad Introduction Children are impacted when parents are ill. This systematic review gives an overview of the current state of research and extracts what children and parents found helpful in the interventions aimed at informing children of their parent’s illness. Methods This review was registered with PROSPERO and conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Five health and social science databases were searched from inception...
by Rituraj Batth, Muskan Jain, Ashish Kumar, Preeti Nagar, Sumita Kumari, Ananda Mustafiz Glyoxalase pathway is the major pathway of methylglyoxal detoxification and is ubiquitously present in all organisms ranging from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. Glyoxalase I (GLYI) and Glyoxalase II (GLYII), the two core enzymes of this pathway work together to neutralize methylglyoxal (MG), a dicarbonyl molecule with detrimental cytotoxicity at higher concentrations. The first step towards the detoxification...
by Jinjiao Wang, Fang Yu, Xueya Cai, Thomas V. Caprio, Yue Li Objectives Evaluate the independent and interactive effects of dementia and racial/ethnic minority status on functional outcomes during a home health (HH) admission among Medicare beneficiaries. Methods Secondary analysis of data from the Outcome and Assessment Information Set [OASIS] and billing records in a non-profit HH agency in New York. Participants were adults ≥ 65 years old who received HH in CY 2017 with OASIS records at HH...
by Peng Zhao, Zhuoxi Wu, Chunrui Li, Guiying Yang, Jinping Ding, Kai Wang, Mingming Wang, Lijuan Feng, Guangyou Duan, Hong Li Background Postoperative depression is one of the most common mental disorders in patients undergoing cancer surgery and it often delays postoperative recovery. We investigated whether dezocine, an analgesic with inhibitory effect on the serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake, could relieve postoperative depressive symptoms in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery....
by Tie Bo Wu, Thomas Orfeo, Hunter B. Moore, Joshua J. Sumislawski, Mitchell J. Cohen, Linda R. Petzold Understanding the coagulation process is critical to developing treatments for trauma and coagulopathies. Clinical studies on tranexamic acid (TXA) have resulted in mixed reports on its efficacy in improving outcomes in trauma patients. The largest study, CRASH-2, reported that TXA improved outcomes in patients who received treatment prior to 3 hours after the injury, but worsened outcomes...
by Manabu Araki, Shinichiro Shinzaki, Takuya Yamada, Shoko Arimitsu, Masato Komori, Narihiro Shibukawa, Akira Mukai, Sachiko Nakajima, Kazuo Kinoshita, Shinji Kitamura, Yoko Murayama, Hiroyuki Ogawa, Yuichi Yasunaga, Masahide Oshita, Hiroyuki Fukui, Eiji Masuda, Masahiko Tsujii, Shoichiro Kawai, Satoshi Hiyama, Takahiro Inoue, Hitoshi Tanimukai, Hideki Iijima, Tetsuo Takehara Background and aims Psychologic stress can affect the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the precise...
by Julie A. D. Van, Sergi Clotet-Freixas, Anne-Christin Hauschild, Ihor Batruch, Igor Jurisica, Yesmino Elia, Farid H. Mahmud, Etienne Sochett, Eleftherios P. Diamandis, James W. Scholey, Ana Konvalinka Diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Our understanding of the early kidney response to chronic hyperglycemia remains incomplete. To address this, we first investigated the urinary proteomes of otherwise healthy youths with and without type 1 diabetes and subsequently...
Integration of high-throughput reporter assays identify a critical enhancer of the <i>Ikzf1</i> gene
by Jaafar Alomairi, Anne M. Molitor, Nori Sadouni, Saadat Hussain, Magali Torres, Wiam Saadi, Lan T. M. Dao, Guillaume Charbonnier, David Santiago-Algarra, Jean Christophe Andrau, Denis Puthier, Tom Sexton, Salvatore Spicuglia The Ikzf1 locus encodes the lymphoid specific transcription factor Ikaros, which plays an essential role in both T and B cell differentiation, while deregulation or mutation of IKZF1/Ikzf1 is involved in leukemia. Tissue-specific and cell identity genes are usually associated...
by Ka-Lai Pang, Michael Wai-Lun Chiang, Sheng-Yu Guo, Chi-Yu Shih, Hans U. Dahms, Jiang-Shiou Hwang, Hyo-Jung Cha A high diversity of fungi was discovered on various substrates collected at the marine shallow-water Kueishan Island Hydrothermal Vent Field, Taiwan, using culture and metabarcoding methods but whether these fungi can grow and play an active role in such an extreme environment is unknown. We investigated the combined effects of different salinity, temperature and pH on growth of...
by Beata Krawczyk, Magdalena Wysocka, Roman Kotłowski, Marek Bronk, Michał Michalik, Alfred Samet One of the most pressing problems of enterococci infections is occurring resistance to linezolid, which is an antibiotic used in the treatment of infections caused by vancomycin-resistant strains (VRE). The main objective of our research was to investigate the relationship of 19 linezolid-resistant E. faecium isolates from 18 patients hospitalized at Clinical Hospital in Gdansk (Poland). One of...
by Sabrina Lorenz, Birte Alex, Thomas Kammer Recently, modulatory effects of static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) on excitability of the motor cortex have been reported. In our previous study we failed to replicate these results. It was suggested that the lack of modulatory effects was due to the use of an auditory oddball task in our study. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the role of an oddball task on the effects of tSMS on motor cortex excitability. In a within-subject-design we compared 10...
by Astrid M. Chevance, Oumou S. Daouda, Alexandre Salvador, Patrick Légeron, Yannick Morvan, Gilbert Saporta, Mounia N. Hocine, Raphaël Gaillard Purpose The study estimates the prevalence of probable psychiatric disorder in the working population, determines the proportion of people presenting a probable psychiatric disorder among people exposed to work-related psychosocial risk factors (PSRFs), and identifies which PSRF has the strongest association with having a probable psychiatric disorder....
by Florian C. Boucher, Anne-Sophie Quatela, Allan G. Ellis, G. Anthony Verboom While biodiversity hotspots are typically identified on the basis of species number per unit area, their exceptional richness is often attributed, either implicitly or explicitly, to high diversification rates. High species concentrations, however, need not reflect rapid diversification, with the diversity of some hotspots accumulating at modest rates over long timespans. Here we explore the relationship between diversification...
by Yeshalem Mulugeta Demilew, Getu Degu Alene, Tefera Belachew Background In Ethiopia, although nutrition education has been given during pregnancy, most women have inadequate nutrient intakes. As a result, the prevalence of malnutrition is high during pregnancy. In this study, we set out to evaluate the effect of guided counseling based on the health belief model and the theory of planned behavior on the dietary practices of pregnant women. Methods A two-arm parallel cluster randomized controlled...
by Gina Sánchez, Stefanie Chalmers, Xavier Ahumada, Luis Montecinos, Ivonne Olmedo, Veronica Eisner, Ana Riveros, Marcelo J. Kogan, Sergio Lavandero, Zully Pedrozo, Paulina Donoso The heart is critically dependent on mitochondrial respiration for energy supply. Ischemia decreases oxygen availability, with catastrophic consequences for cellular energy systems. After a few minutes of ischemia, the mitochondrial respiratory chain halts, ATP levels drop and ion gradients across cell membranes collapse....
by Andrej Alendar, Jan-Paul Lambooij, Rajith Bhaskaran, Cesare Lancini, Ji-Ying Song, Huub van Vugt, Margriet Snoek, Anton Berns Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding (CHD) chromatin remodelers regulate transcription and DNA repair. They govern cell-fate decisions during embryonic development and are often deregulated in human pathologies. Chd1-8 show upon germline disruption pronounced, often developmental lethal phenotypes. Here we show that contrary to Chd1-8 disruption, Chd9–/–animals are viable,...
by Fraser S. Brown, Stella A. Glasmacher, Patrick K. A. Kearns, Niall MacDougall, David Hunt, Peter Connick, Siddharthan Chandran The natural history of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is variable and prediction of individual prognosis challenging. The inability to reliably predict prognosis at diagnosis has important implications for informed decision making especially in relation to disease modifying therapies. We conducted a systematic review in order to collate, describe and...
by Huei-Mei Chen, Rachel Resendes, Azita Ghodssi, Danielle Sookiasian, Michael Tian, Serena Dollive, Laura Adamson-Small, Nancy Avila, Cagdas Tazearslan, John F. Thompson, Jeff L. Ellsworth, Omar Francone, Albert Seymour, Jason B. Wright Targeted gene integration via precise homologous recombination (HR)-based gene editing has the potential to correct genetic diseases. AAV (adeno-associated virus) can mediate nuclease-free gene integration at a disease-causing locus. Therapeutic application...
by Chih-An Chen, Pao-Yen Lin, Pei-Chang Wu Background High myopia is a sight-threatening disease that causes axial length elongation and severe complications. Data on the benefits of posterior scleral reinforcement surgery in myopia control have been conflicting. The purpose of this study was to explore the treatment effect and complications of posterior scleral reinforcement in the treatment of myopia. Methods Articles were retrieved for relevant studies from inception to July 24, 2019, by PubMed,...
by Oliver Harlé, Judith Legrand, Catherine Tesnière, Martine Pradal, Jean-Roch Mouret, Thibault Nidelet Fermentation by microorganisms is a key step in the production of traditional food products such as bread, cheese, beer and wine. In these fermentative ecosystems, microorganisms interact in various ways, namely competition, predation, commensalism and mutualism. Traditional wine fermentation is a complex microbial process performed by Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces (NS) yeast species....
by Zou Ya-Feng, Deng Min, Li Ya-Jing, Rong Yao New urbanization is the fundamental approach to achieve the healthy, stable, and sustainable development of the Chinese economic society. It is also the basic outlet to eliminate the “dual economic structure” in urban and rural areas. Based on the connotation of new urbanization, we constructed an evaluation system using population development, economic development, quality of life, infrastructure, resources and environment, and urban and rural...
by Laura S. Graham, Bruce Montgomery, Heather H. Cheng, Evan Y. Yu, Peter S. Nelson, Colin Pritchard, Stephanie Erickson, Ajjai Alva, Michael T. Schweizer Background While response rates to anti-PD1 therapy are low in unselected metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients, those with inactivating mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes (i.e. MMR deficiency; MMRd) or microsatellite instability (MSI) are thought likely to respond favorably. To date, there is limited published...
by Chanyang Ju, Eunkyoung Park, Taewoo Kim, Taekyung Kim, Minhee Kang, Kyu-Sung Lee, Sung-Min Park Several studies have investigated the use of invasive and non-invasive stimulation methods to enhance nerve regeneration, and varying degrees of effectiveness have been reported. However, due to the use of different parameters in these studies, a fair comparison between the effectiveness of invasive and non-invasive stimulation methods is not possible. The present study compared the effectiveness...
by Nikolas Schopow, Sonja Kallendrusch, Siming Gong, Felicitas Rapp, Justus Körfer, Martin Gericke, Nick Spindler, Christoph Josten, Stefan Langer, Ingo Bechmann Obesity is associated with significantly higher mortality rates, and excess adipose tissue is involved in respective pathologies. Here we established a human adipose tissue slice cultures (HATSC) model ex vivo. HATSC match the in vivo cell composition of human adipose tissue with, among others, mature adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells...
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In an NCI study, an alternative treatment regimen called dose-adjusted EPOCH-R that is less toxic than standard dose-intensive chemotherapy was highly effective for adults with Burkitt lymphoma across all age groups and independent of HIV status.
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Abstract Background Although endoscopic interventions for chronic pancreatitis are highly developed, surgery for severe complicated cases such as the coexistence of bile duct, duodenum, and portal vein stenosis is a challenging issue for surgeons. In such instances, pancreaticoduodenectomy could lead to massive intraoperative bleeding due to severe collateral veins. A surgical drainage procedure, instead of pancreatic resection,...
Abstract Background Small bowel stenosis after blunt abdominal trauma is relatively rare, and progression from trauma to bowel stenosis might sometimes be delayed. Herein, we report the case of a patient who was diagnosed with small bowel stenosis relatively early and received laparoscopic surgery. Case presentation An 18-year-old Japanese male...
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Abstract Background The most frequently used surgical procedures for treating a proximal humeral fracture (PHF) are plate osteosynthesis, nail osteosynthesis and arthroplasty. Evidence-based recommendations for an appropriate surgical procedure after PHF requires transparent and valid safety data. We performed a systematic review to examine reported terms and definitions of complications after surgically-treated PHFs. ...
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Abstract Purpose Laugier’s hernia is a rare clinical entity compared with a typical femoral hernia. Therefore, the clinical features, radiological findings, and appropriate treatment strategies remain largely unclear. In this study, we present 15 Laugier’s hernia cases. Additionally, we review the relevant literature and discuss the clinical features, radiological findings, and appropriate treatment strategies pertaining to Laugier’s hernia...
Abstract Purpose Only a small fraction of resectable gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients receive a thorough lymphadenectomy. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of lymphadenectomy on survival in GBC surgery. Methods On May 19, 2019, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for English or German articles...
Abstract Purpose Intraoperative detection of intrahepatic lesions can be demanding. The use of preoperative contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computer tomography (CT) combined with intraoperative ultrasound of the liver is state of the art. Near totally regressed colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or nodules in severely altered liver tissue as steatosis or cirrhosis are often hard to detect...
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemopreventive effect of the ethanolic extract of Cordia lutea flowers (EECL) on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea- (MNU), cyproterone-, and testosterone-induced prostate cancer in rats. 40 Holtzman male rats were used and assigned to 5 groups (n = 8). In Group I, rats received normal saline (10 mL/Kg); Group II: rats were induced for prostate cancer with cyproterone, testosterone, and NMU; Groups III, IV, and V: rats received EECL daily, at doses of 50, 250,...
Background. Oral cancer belongs to the class of head and neck cancers and can be life threatening if not diagnosed and treated early. Activation of cell death via apoptosis or reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and inhibition of cell cycle progression, migration, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may be a good strategy to arrest the development of oral cancer. In this study, we analyzed the possible action of chrysophanol isolated from the rhizomes of Rheum palmatum on the oral...
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AbstractBackgroundInfection-induced preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity and leads to preterm premature rupture of the placental chorioamniotic membranes. The loss of amniotic epithelial cells and tensile strength preceding membrane rupture is poorly understood. We hypothesized that intrauterine bacterial infection induces changes in microRNA (miRNA) expression, leading to amniotic epithelial cell loss and membrane weakening.MethodsTen pregnant pigtail macaques received...
AbstractGlobally, tuberculosis is the leading infectious cause of death; discovering biomarkers that predict a high mortality-risk may improve treatment outcomes. We prospectively enrolled 252 pulmonary tuberculosis patients who were not co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and initiated anti-tuberculosis treatment, measured serum procalcitonin levels, and assessed mortality. Procalcitonin serum levels higher than 0.13 ng/ml (day 0), 0.05 ng/ml (day 7), 0.12 ng/ml (day 14), and 0.06 ng/ml...
AbstractBackgroundIn tissue infections, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is released into extracellular space and contributes to purinergic chemotaxis. Neutrophils are important players in bacterial clearance and recruited to the site of tissue infections. Pneumococcal infections can lead to uncontrolled hyper-inflammation of the tissue along with substantial tissue damage through excessive neutrophil activation and uncontrolled granule release. We aimed to investigate the role of ATP in neutrophil response...
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Author: Peiro, Concepcion PhD; Moncada, Salvador MD, PhD Page: 1665-1666
Author: Vardeny, Orly PharmD, MS; Madjid, Mohammad MD; Solomon, Scott D. MD Page: 1667-1669
Author: Yadgir, Simon MPH; Johnson, Catherine Owens PhD; Aboyans, Victor MD; Adebayo, Oladimeji M. MD; Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji PhD; Afarideh, Mohsen MD; Alahdab, Fares MD; Alashi, Alaa MD; Alipour, Vahid PhD; Arabloo, Jalal PhD; Azari, Samad PhD; Barthelemy, Celine M. MPH; Benziger, Catherine P. MD; Berman, Adam E. MD; Bijani, Ali PhD; Carrero, Juan J. PhD; Carvalho, Felix PhD; Daryani, Ahmad PhD; Duraes, Andre R. PhD; Esteghamati, Alireza MD; Farid, Talha...
Author: Panos, Nicholas G. PharmD; Cook, Aaron M. PharmD; John, Sayona MD; Jones, G. Morgan PharmD; On behalf of the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) Pharmacy Study Group Page: 1681-1689
Author: Benz, Alexander P. MD; Eikelboom, John W. MBBS Page: 1690-1692
Author: Gierula, John PhD ,*; Lowry, Judith E. MSc ,*; Paton, Maria F. MSc; Cole, Charlotte A. MSc; Byrom, Rowenna MSc; Koshy, Aaron O. MBBS; Chumun, Hemant BSc; Kearney, Lorraine C. BSc; Straw, Sam MBChB; Bowen, T. Scott PhD; Cubbon, Richard M. PhD; Keenan, Anne-Maree PhD; Stocken, Deborah D. PhD; Kearney, Mark T. MD; Witte, Klaus K. MD Page: 1693-1703 ...
Author: Ren, Zongna PhD ,,*; Yu, Peng PhD ,*; Li, Dandan MS; Li, Zheng MS; Liao, Yingnan MS; Wang, Yin PhD; Zhou, Bingying PhD; Wang, Li MD, PhD Page: 1704-1719
Author: Zhou, Yang PhD; Zhang, Jianyi MD, PhD Page: 1720-1723
Author: Lakkireddy, Dhanunjaya R. MD ,*; Chung, Mina K. MD ,*; Patton, Kristen K. MD; Gluckman, Ty J. MD; Turagam, Mohit MD; Cheung, Jim MD; Patel, Parin MD; Sotomonte, Juan MD; Lampert, Rachel MD; Han, Janet K. MD; Rajagopalan, Bharath MD; Eckhardt, Lee MD; Joglar, Jose MD; Sandau, Kristin RN, PhD; Olshansky, Brian MD; Wan, Elaine MD; Noseworthy, Peter A. MD; Leal, Miguel MD; Kaufman, Elizabeth MD; Gutierrez, Alejandra MD; Marine, Joseph E. MD; Wang, Paul...
Author: Kuehn, Bridget M. Page: 1724-1726
Author: Garg, Aatish MD; Master, Vivak MD; Ellenbogen, Kenneth A. MD Page: 1727-1728
Author: Wardak, Mirwais PhD; Gowrishankar, Gayatri PhD; Zhao, Xin MD, PhD ,*; Liu, Yonggang MD, PhD ,*; Chang, Edwin PhD; Namavari, Mohammad PhD; Haywood, Tom PhD; Gabr, Moustafa T. PhD; Neofytou, Evgenios MD; Chour, Tony BS; Qin, Xulei PhD; Vilches-Moure, Jose G. DVM, PhD; Hardy, Jonathan PhD; Contag, Christopher H. PhD; McConnell, Michael V. MD, MSEE; Wu, Joseph C. MD, PhD; Gambhir, Sanjiv Sam MD, PhD ...
Author: Zhu, Houyong MD ,*; Xu, Xiaoqun MD ,*; Huang, Jinyu PhD ,* Page: e832-e833
Author: Bhatt, Deepak L. MD, MPH; Juliano, Rebecca A. PhD; Ketchum, Steven B. PhD; Miller, Michael MD Page: e834-e835
Author: Page: e836
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Abstract Ancillary testing with immunohistochemistry has shown recent promise in the workup of equivocal bladder lesions. We read with interest the recent findings of Alston et al., who assessed the diagnostic utility of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) in comparison to cytokeratin 20 (CK20) in evaluation of atypia in challenging flat urothelial lesions in the differential between carcinoma in situ (CIS) and reactive atypia. AMACR was reported to be a somewhat more specific...
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Nature Reviews Microbiology, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0367-2In this Review, Ruff, Greiling and Kriegel discuss the mechanisms through which the microbiota contributes to the predisposition, initiation and perpetuation of immune-mediated diseases, and explore the therapeutic avenues that either target the microbiota, the barrier surfaces or the host immune system to restore tolerance and homeostasis.
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Abstract Price volatility, an indicative measure of price uncertainty, is an important factor influencing fisheries cost, income, food security, and pressure on fish stocks. An increase in price volatility means that prices are varying more, making it more difficult to adjust the activities accordingly. This paper explores price volatility changes for the small pelagic fish—a key group for food security—related to the potential outcomes of climate change, such as tropical widening....
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Methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) is widely recognized as a transcriptionally repressive chromatin modification but the mechanism of repression remains unclear. We devised and implemented a forward genetic scheme to identify factors required for H3K27 methylation-mediated silencing in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa and identified a bromo-adjacent homology...
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) seek to identify genetic variants associated with a trait, and have been a powerful approach for understanding complex diseases. A critical challenge for GWASs has been the dependence on individual-level data that typically have strict privacy requirements, creating an urgent need for methods that preserve the...
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Author: Madsen, Jens Koed; Hahn, Ulrike; Pilditch, Toby D. DOI: 10.1037/xlm0000846 Publication Date: May 21, 2020
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Author: Li, Xinyu; Xiong, Zijun; Theeuwes, Jan; Wang, Benchi DOI: 10.1037/xlm0000847 Publication Date: May 21, 2020
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Author: Meng, Zhu; Lan, Zebo; Yan, Guoli; Marsh, John E.; Liversedge, Simon P. DOI: 10.1037/xlm0000861 Publication Date: May 21, 2020
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Journal of Medicinal Food, Ahead of Print.
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Nature Medicine, Published online: 26 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0925-1Testing drug safety in people who are pregnant remains a wicked problem, but in the transition toward big data and machine learning, target trials could afford a viable alternative to randomized, controlled trials.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 25 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0882-8Local microbiome composition influences treatment efficacy of chemotherapy in colon cancer via modulation of tolerogenic versus immunogenic ileal intestinal epithelial cell death, which in turn influences follicular helper T cell priming.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 25 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0902-8Therapeutic interventions in colorectal cancer are dependent on immune responses to dying epithelial cells that are modulated by specific members of the gut microbiota.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 25 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0880-xResults from the phase IIa COMBAT trial combining CXCR4 and PD-1 inhibition in patients with metastatic cancer show encouraging clinical responses in association with enhanced antitumor immune activation.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 25 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0892-6Primary tumor presence and progression shape the systemic immune landscape and immune responses to pathogens in multiple murine tumor models.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 25 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0881-9Characterization of 200 antibodies that bind a malaria parasite protein provides insights that could enable better vaccine design.
Nature Medicine, Published online: 25 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0879-3Heritable APOE variants in patients with melanoma influence anti-tumor immunity and modulate metastatic progression and response to immunotherapy.
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The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, Ahead of Print.
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Author: Liu, Weilin; Inhoff, Albrecht W.; Li, Xingshan DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000755 Publication Date: May 21, 2020
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by Roberta M. O’Connor, Felix J. Nepveux V, Jaypee Abenoja, Gregory Bowden, Patricia Reis, Josiah Beaushaw, Rachel M. Bone Relat, Iwona Driskell, Fernanda Gimenez, Michael W. Riggs, Deborah A. Schaefer, Eric W. Schmidt, Zhenjian Lin, Daniel L. Distel, Jon Clardy, Timothy R. Ramadhar, David R. Allred, Heather M. Fritz, Pradipsinh Rathod, Laura Chery, John White Apicomplexan parasites cause severe disease in both humans and their domesticated animals. Since these parasites readily develop drug...
by Gregory A. Taylor, Hsin-I Huang, Brian E. Fee, Nourhan Youssef, Mark L. Jewell, Viviana Cantillana, Alexi A. Schoenborn, Allison R. Rogala, Anne F. Buckley, Carl G. Feng, Bruce A. Vallance, Ajay S. Gulati, Gianna E. Hammer IRGM and its mouse orthologue Irgm1 are dynamin-like proteins that regulate vesicular remodeling, intracellular microbial killing, and pathogen immunity. IRGM dysfunction is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and while it is thought that defective intracellular...
by Maya Aleshnick, Vitaly V. Ganusov, Gibran Nasir, Gayane Yenokyan, Photini Sinnis Plasmodium sporozoites are the infective stage of the malaria parasite. Though this is a bottleneck for the parasite, the quantitative dynamics of transmission, from mosquito inoculation of sporozoites to patent blood-stage infection in the mammalian host, are poorly understood. Here we utilize a rodent model to determine the probability of malaria infection after infectious mosquito bite, and consider the impact...
by William Cenens, Maxuel O. Andrade, Edgar Llontop, Cristina E. Alvarez-Martinez, Germán G. Sgro, Chuck S. Farah Several Xanthomonas species have a type IV secretion system (T4SS) that injects a cocktail of antibacterial proteins into neighbouring Gram-negative bacteria, often leading to rapid lysis upon cell contact. This capability represents an obvious fitness benefit since it can eliminate competition while the liberated contents of the lysed bacteria could provide an increase in the local...
by Veera Panova, Jan Attig, George R. Young, Jonathan P. Stoye, George Kassiotis As obligate parasites, viruses highjack, modify and repurpose the cellular machinery for their own replication. Viral proteins have, therefore, evolved biological functions, such as signalling potential, that alter host cell physiology in ways that are still incompletely understood. Retroviral envelope glycoproteins interact with several host proteins, extracellularly with their cellular receptor and anti-envelope...
by Huijun Zhi, Xin Guo, Yik-Khuan Ho, Nagesh Pasupala, Hampus Alexander Anders Engstrom, Oliver John Semmes, Chou-Zen Giam The genomic instability associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is causally linked to Tax, the HTLV-1 viral oncoprotein, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We have previously shown that Tax hijacks and aberrantly activates ring finger protein 8 (RNF8) — a lysine 63 (K63)-specific ubiquitin E3 ligase critical for DNA double-strand break (DSB)...
