Effect of swallowing rehabilitation using traditional therapy, kinesiology taping and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on dysphagia in post-stroke patients: A randomized clinical trial

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of swallowing rehabilitation using traditional therapy, kinesiology taping and neuromuscular electrical stimulation on dysphagia in post-stroke patients: A randomized clinical trial Via Traditional dysphagia therapy Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2021 Nov 6;211:107020. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107020. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the functional recovery of stroke patients with orophyaryngeal dysphagia after treatment with traditional swallowing therapy (TST), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), and kinesiology taping (KT), by using clinical swallowing assessments and objective fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). METHODS: A total of 37 patients were randomized in three groups: those who received TST and NMES as Group 1 (n:12), those who received both TST and KT as Group 2 (n:13), and those who received TST, NMES, and KT together as Group 3 (n:12). Patients were evaluated before treatment, after treatment, and three months after treatment onset with bedside water-swallow test, Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), penetration-aspiration scale (PAS), and Nationa l Institute of Health-Swallow Safety Scale (NIH-SSS). FOIS, PAS, and NIS-SSS were completed according to results of fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). RESULTS: A statistically significant decrease was observed in bedside water-swallow test, EAT-10, PAS, and NIH-SSS scores in all treatment groups 5 weeks and 3 months after treatment onset compared to pre-treatment scores (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant increase in FOIS scores 5 weeks and 3 months after treatment compared to pretreatment scores in all treatment groups (p < 0.05). When the pre-treatment, 3-week, and 5-month swallow scale scores of all groups were compared, there was no significant different difference in terms of bedside water-swallow test, EAT-10, FOIS, PAS, or NIH-SSS scores (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results of our study, KT is a new option in the treatment of stroke-related dysphagia, is an effective treatment approach and its efficacy is main tained throughout long-term follow-up. PMID:34781221 | DOI:10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107020 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Artificial intelligence and medical imaging

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Artificial intelligence and medical imaging Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2021 Nov 12:S0007-4551(21)00422-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.09.009. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The use of artificial intelligence methods for image recognition is one of the most developed branches of the AI field and these technologies are now commonly used in our daily lives. In the field of medical imaging, approaches based on artificial intelligence are particularly promising, with numerous applications and a strong interest in the search for new biomarkers. Here, we will present the general methods used in these approaches as well as the potential areas of application. PMID:34782120 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.09.009 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

MGMT and temozolomide sensibility

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader MGMT and temozolomide sensibility Via Association française pour l'étude du cancer Bull Cancer. 2021 Nov 12:S0007-4551(21)00393-3. doi: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.08.011. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34782119 | DOI:10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.08.011 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Epigenetic therapy to enhance therapeutic effects of PD-1 inhibition in therapy-resistant melanoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Epigenetic therapy to enhance therapeutic effects of PD-1 inhibition in therapy-resistant melanoma Via Melanoma Research - Published Ahead-of-Print Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of metastatic skin melanoma but around half of all patients develop resistance early or late during treatment. The situation is even worse for patients with metastatic uveal melanoma (UM). Here we hypothesized that the immunotherapy of therapy-resi stant skin melanoma or UM can be enhanced by epigenetic inhibitors. Cultured B16F10 cells and human UM cells were treated with the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) entinostat or BETi JQ1. Entinostat-induced HLA expression and PD-L1, but JQ1 did not. A syngeneic mouse model carrying B16-F10 melanoma cells was treated with PD-1 and CTLA4 inhibitors, which was curative. Co-treatment with the bioavailable BETi iBET726 impaired the immunotherapy effect. Monotherapy of a B16-F10 mouse model with anti-PD-1 resulted in a moderate therapeutic effect that could be enhanced by entinostat. Mice carrying PD-L1 knockout B16-F10 cells were also sensitive to entinostat. This suggests HDAC inhibition and immunotherapy could work in concert. Indeed, co-cultures of UM with HLA-matched melanoma-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) resulted in higher TIL-mediated melanoma killing when entinostat was added. Further exploration of combined immunotherapy and epigenetic therapy in metastatic melanoma resistant to PD-1 inhibition is warranted. * Present address: Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, 6 Verdun St, WA 6009, Nedlands, Perth, Australia. Received 21 July 2021 Accepted 23 September 2021 Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website, www.melanomaresearch.com. Correspondence to Jonas A. Nilsson, PhD, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Box 425, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden, Tel: +46 730 273039; e-mail: jonas.nilsson@perkins.org.au This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0(CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Evaluating Strength of Evidence of Pediatric Otolaryngology Research Literature: A 20‐Year Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Evaluating Strength of Evidence of Pediatric Otolaryngology Research Literature: A 20‐Year Review Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis Quantity and quality of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OTL-HNS) research are increasing, yet patterns within Pediatric OTL-HNS publications are unknown. This study examines trends in the level of evidence of pediatric OTL-HNS articles over a 20-year period to quantify the growth and characterize contributing factors. Study Design Review article. Methods A retrospective review was conducted on 12 peer-reviewed OTL-HNS journals at three time-points: 1996, 2006, and 2016. Pediatric-specific OTL-HNS journals were selected; all were among the top 10 highest impact factor journals, with one pediatric-specific and one Canadian journal. Publication details, author characteristics, and study focus were collected. Papers were classified based on the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence by two independent reviewers. Results Of the 1,733 articles reviewed, 727 met inclusion criteria. A greater absolute number of pediatric OTL-HNS articles were published over the years studied: from 95 in 1996 to 359 in 2016 (P < .001). As well, the absolute number of high-quality studies has increased over the study period, from 28 articles in 1996 to 100 articles in 2016. However, the relative percentage of high-quality papers remained stable between 27.9% and 32.2% with an average of 29.7% (P = .89). Higher impact factor journals did not tend to publish higher-quality pediatric OTL-HNS articles (P = .48). Conclusions Over the past 20 years, there is no appreciable improvement in the proportion of high-quality publications in pediatric OTL-HNS; however, there is an overall greater number of high-quality papers within OTL-HNS literature. These findings likely relate to challenges of research within pediatric surgical specialties. Level of Evidence NA Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Phonation Threshold Pressure Revisited: Effects of Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscle Activation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Phonation Threshold Pressure Revisited: Effects of Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscle Activation Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis Phonation threshold pressure (P th) is the minimum subglottic pressure required to reach phonation onset and is considered a marker for vocal efficiency and health. We investigated the effects of intrinsic laryngeal muscle (ILM) activation on P th. Study Design In vivo animal study. Methods In an in vivo canine phonation model, laryngeal adductor muscles were activated together by stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs) and individually via stimulation of respective terminal nerve branches. Cricothyroid (CT) muscles were activated via stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerves. ILMs were activated in a graded manner at various combinations as transglottal airflow was gradually increased. Aerodynamic and glottal posture parameters were measured at phonation onset. Results Graded RLN stimulation decreased glottal distance and increased P th. Thyroarytenoid (TA) muscle activation alone increased P th. Lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA) muscle activation alone had minimal effects. However, graded TA activation as a function of LCA activation level revealed a synergistic relationship between the two muscles in increasing P th. Effects of CT activation were dependent on adductor stimulation level: CT activation increased P th at low RLN stimulation levels and decreased P th at high RLN levels. Conclusions The effects of ILM activation on P th were consistent with their expected effects on vocal fold stiffness and tension. TA was the primary adductor controlling P th. While LCA alone had minimal effects on P th, it enhanced the role of TA in controlling P th. TA and CT have antagonistic roles in controlling P th. These relationships should be considered in clinical efforts to improve ease of phonation and vocal efficiency. Level of Evidence N/A, basic science Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Applied anatomy of the medial orbital wall

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Applied anatomy of the medial orbital wall Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(5):119-123. doi: 10.17116/otorino202186051119. ABSTRACT The article provides an overview of foreign and domestic studies on the anatomy of the medial wall of the orbit. Possible structural variants of the osseus structures of the medial wall and their applied clinical significance are indicated, including those having individual occurrence: additional lacrimal bone, morphological features of the structure of the fossa of the lacrimal sac, location, shape and size of the cells of the ethmoid bone, Onody cells, Haller infraorbital cell, the relative position of the anterior and posterior ethmoid foramina, the presence of additional ethmoid foramina, dysgenesis of the lacrimal bone and the orbital plate of the ethmoid bone. The anatomical prerequisites for the occurrence of intraoperative complications with surgical access to the medial wall of the orbit are described. PMID:34783485 | DOI:10.17116/otorino202186051119 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hearing function in children after new coronavirus infection (COVID-19)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hearing function in children after new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(5):28-34. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218605128. ABSTRACT The information about hearing status of patients who have had a COVID-19 is scattered. There are no studies among children population. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hearing function in children after coronavirus infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 87 children aged from 5 months to 17 years who have had a new coronavirus infection were examined in three cities of Russia (St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk and Surgut). Audiologic examination depended on the age and included: otoscopy, TEOAE and DPOAE, ABR, impedansometry, pure tone audiometry, speech audiometry in quiet and noise. Fisher, LittlEARS and PEACH questionnaires were used as well. An evaluation of central auditory processing was performed in case of indications. RESULTS: In 80 children (92%) otoscopy didn't revealed any problems. All children had type A tympanogram. Acoustic reflex was registe red in 49 children (56%), wasn't registered on 1-2 frequencies in 27 (31%) children, was registered on only 1 frequency or wasn't registered at all in 11 (13%) children. OAE was present in 83 (95%) children. Audiometric thresholds in all children were within a normal range. Speech intelligibility in quiet and noise in most cases was normal. 7 children with poor speech intelligibility or low Fisher questionnaire results got an extended examination. Binaural fusion speech test, dichotic test, RuMatrix test, gap detection test data showed no signs of central auditory processing disorders. CONCLUSION: There are no cases of hearing loss or central auditory processing disorders were found in children after new coronavirus infection. Due to variety of symptoms and long-term consequences of COVID-19 further hearing examination is required in this group of patients. PMID:34783470 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218605128 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A case of obliteration of a round window in otosclerosis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A case of obliteration of a round window in otosclerosis Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(5):75-81. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218605175. ABSTRACT The article presents a brief review of the literature on the anatomy and physiology of the round window (RW) niche, the causes of occlusion, the diagnosis of this pathology, the features of auditory disorders and tactics when it is detected in patients with otosclerosis (OS). A clinical case of diagnosis and effective surgical treatment for obliteration of RW in a patient with advanced OS, which occurred in 2019 in 0.7% of cases, is described. Removal of RW niche obliteration was carried out with a curette and microcresis by smoothing the canopy over RW until partial visualization of the secondary membrane. It was this stage of the operation that made it possible to restore the normal hydrodynamics of the inner ear fluids and contributed to a functional result. Thus, the diagnosis of RW obliteration in patients with OS is difficult, but possible when us ing computed tomography of the temporal bones and assessing the mobility of the RW membrane or analyzing changes in hearing at the end of the operation, if it is performed under local anesthesia. The simultaneous performance of stapedoplasty and the removal of bone obliteration of RW makes it possible to safely achieve functional rehabilitation in patients with OS. PMID:34783478 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218605175 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The significance of microanatomy of the round window in terms of cochlear implantation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The significance of microanatomy of the round window in terms of cochlear implantation Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(5):42-47. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218605142. ABSTRACT Sensoneural hearing loss is a polyetiological disease, which is often a secondary reflection of systemic pathology and is associated with damage of the cochlea and auditory nerve receptors. An important point in the surgical stage of cochlear implantation is the introduction of an implant active electrode into the cochleostomy spiral channel through the cochleostoma or round window. However, the issue of intra-cochlear structures surgical trauma in such surgical intervention seems to be very important, as it may reduce the success of subsequent rehabilitation. Therefore, the study of the anatomy of the round window and adjuscent areas was the objective of this work. PMID:34783472 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218605142 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Combination of CT and MRT in the diagnostic of middle ear cholesteatoma. Fusion technology is precise localization tool

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Combination of CT and MRT in the diagnostic of middle ear cholesteatoma. Fusion technology is precise localization tool Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(5):90-96. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218605190. ABSTRACT Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods of the middle ear cholesteatoma diagnostic have its advantages and disadvantages. Fusion technology is a post-processing process of CT and MRI images. Its main advantage is the localization of MR-hyperintensive cholesteatoma within the bony anatomical structures obtained on CT, which provides the surgeon with important information both before planning the primary surgical intervention and during a second revision for recurrent cholesteatoma. PMID:34783480 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218605190 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.