Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue‐derivatives in modern dermatology

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue‐derivatives in modern dermatology Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Stem cell-mediated therapies in combination with biomaterial and growth factor-based approaches in regenerative medicine are rapidly evolving with increasing application beyond the dermatologic field. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are the more frequently used adult stem cells due to their abundance and easy access. In the case of volumetric defects, adipose tissue can take the shape of defects, restoring the volume and enhancing the regeneration of receiving tissue. When regenerative purposes prevail on volume restoration, the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) rich in staminal cells, purified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), or their cell-free derivatives grafting are favored. The therapeutic efficacy of acellular approaches is explained by the fact that a significant part of the natural propensity of stem cells to repair damaged tissue is ascribable to their secretory activity that combines mitogenic factors, cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular matrix components. Therefore, the secretome's ability to modulate multiple targets simultaneously demonstrated preclinical and clinical efficacy in reversing pathological mechanisms of complex conditions such atopic dermatitis (AD), vitiligo, psoriasis, acne, and Lichen Sclerosus (LS), non-resolving wounds, and alopecia. This review analyzing both in vivo and in vitro models gives an overview of the clinical relevance of adipose tissue-derivatives like autologous fat graft, stromal vascular fraction, purified stem cells, and secretome for skin disorders application. Finally, we highlighted the major disease-specific limitations and the future perspective in this field. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Complications Encountered with ETV in Infants with Congenital Hydrocephalus

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Complications Encountered with ETV in Infants with Congenital Hydrocephalus Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Neurol India. 2021 Nov-Dec;69(Supplement):S520-S525. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.332252. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Hydrocephalus is an abnormal excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the cavity and spaces of the brain. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has been an established treatment modality for congenital hydrocephalus. However, in very young infants, the results are challenging. In our study, we have evaluated whether ETV really offers an acceptable complication-free postoperative course. OBJECTIVE: To study the complication and mortality rate in infants having congenital hydrocephalus treated with ETV. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a single-center prospective study conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery, K. G. M. U, Lucknow, from January 2019 to February 2020. We studied 40 infants presenting with clinical and radiological features suggestive of congenital hydrocephalus. Follow-up was done at the first, thir d, and sixth months after discharge. RESULTS: Nineteen infants (47.5%) required a second CSF diversion procedure at 6 months of follow-up. The failure rate was significantly higher in infants less than 3 months of age (P value of 0.04). The ETV site bulge was the most frequent complication encountered in the postoperative period, occurring in 20% of the cases. Eventually, all these infants required a ventriculoperitoneal shunt; 15% developed clinical features consistent with the diagnosis of post-ETV meningitis. The ETV site CSF leak occurred in 10% of the patients. Subdural hygroma developed in 7.5% of the patients; 17.5% of the patients contributed to mortality with a mean time of expiry of 22 days post-procedure. All these deaths had multifactorial causes and could not be said as a complication or failure of ETV. CONCLUSION: We do not recommend ETV for infants less than 3 months because of a high failure rate. The ETV site bulge was the most reliable and earliest mark er of failure and a second CSF diversion surgery should be immediately considered. PMID:35103011 | DOI:10.4103/0028-3886.332252 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Laryngeal schwannoma: A case report and literature review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Laryngeal schwannoma: A case report and literature review Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2022 Jan 29:1455613221075225. doi: 10.1177/01455613221075225. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Laryngeal schwannomas are rare benign neurogenic tumors of the larynx. They cannot be detected in the early stages because disease onset is asymptomatic. This case of laryngeal schwannoma provided a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment strategy. A 24-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of hoarseness and sore throat for 6 months. Laryngoscopy and computed tomography showed submucosal bulging of the right ventricular fold in the right paraglottic space. The patient underwent tracheotomy first, followed by laryngotomy. The edema of the laryngeal mucosa was significantly alleviated, with normal movement of the bilateral vocal cords on the 10th day after surgery. The tracheal tube was removed at the time of discharge. The hoarseness had disappeared at the end of the first month after surgery. The effective treatment of laryngeal schwannoma involves complete resection with surgery while protecting the integrity of the larynx and restoring laryngeal function. The indication for surgery should be strictly controlled to avoid damage to the mucosa and structures of the larynx. PMID:35098768 | DOI:10.1177/01455613221075225 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Overexpression of lncRNA IRAIN restrains the progression and Temozolomide resistance of glioma via repressing IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB signaling pathway

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Overexpression of lncRNA IRAIN restrains the progression and Temozolomide resistance of glioma via repressing IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB signaling pathway Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2022 Feb 1:18425. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-425. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Increasing studies have found that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to regulating tumor progression. This study explores the expression characteristics, effects, and related mechanisms of lncRNA IGF1R antisense imprinted non-protein coding RNA (IRAIN) in glioma. METHODS: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was implemented to testify the IRAIN profile in glioma tissues and paracancerous tissues, and the link between the IRAIN level and the clinicopathological indicators of glioma was analyzed. IRAIN overexpression and knockdown cell models were constructed in glioma cells. Cell proliferation was verified by the colony formation experiment, while flow cytometry was implemented to monitor apoptosis. Transwell assay was performed to examine cell invasion and migration. Western blot (WB) was adopted to compare the profil es of the apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl2, and Caspase3) and IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB pathway. RESULTS: IRAIN was down-regulated in glioma tissues (compared with adjacent normal tissues), and the low IRAIN expression was significantly linked with the larger tumor volume and higher pathological stages. Functionally, overexpressing IRAIN abated glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, promoted apoptosis, and attenuated IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB expression and temozolomide (TMZ) resistance, which was also confirmed in the xenograft tumor experiment. The WB result showed that overexpressing IRAIN inactivated the IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB pathway. Additionally, the IGF-1R knockdown model was established in U251 cells. Si-IGF-1R induced cell proliferation inhibition, promoted cell death, and reduced cell migration and TMZ resistance, whereas Si-IGF-1R+IRAIN group showed no additional effects on glioma cells compared with the Si-IGF-1R group. CONCLUSION: IRAIN repressed glioma dev elopment and TMZ resistance by inactivating the IGF-1R-PI3K-NF-κB axis. PMID:35102541 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-425 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker for head and neck cancer with lung metastasis: a retrospective study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a prognostic marker for head and neck cancer with lung metastasis: a retrospective study Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Jan 31. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07274-1. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is the most widely biomarker used to assess the inflammatory system in various solid cancers. An elevated NLR has been reported to be associated with worse outcomes in head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCC). However, questions remain about the prognostic value of these findings in HNSCC patients with lung metastasis. This study aims to quantify the prognostic impact of NLR on HNSCC patients with lung metastasis. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 169 HNSCC patients was performed at the Otorhinolaryngology and the Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery Department (Saint-Pierre Hospital), between 2000 and 2017. All patients were divided into two subgroups. Patients who developed lung involvement were assigned to the lung-metastasis-group (LM-group) in contrast to no-lun g-metastasis-group patients (NLM-group). The prognostic significance of NLR was evaluated using multivariable analysis adjusting for overall-survival (OS) and lung-metastasis-free-survival (LMFS). RESULTS: 95 patients were enrolled in the NLM-group while 74 were in the LM-group. Multivariable analysis highlights that patients with a higher NLR value had shortened OS in the NLM subgroup (HR 1.3; p = 0.024). However, this association was not found in the LM subgroup. When considering both subgroups, an elevated NLR was reported as a prognostic factor of poor LMFS (HR 1.65; p = 0.047). CONCLUSION: Our data revealed that pretreatment NLR is an independent prognostic factor of mortality and lung metastasis development. However, the prognostic value of NLR is not confirmed in patients who suffered from lung metastasis. Physicians should integrate these findings in their treatment algorithm approach. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. PMID:35099595 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-022-07274-1 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Surgical complications of endoscopic approach to skull base: analysis of 584 consecutive patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Surgical complications of endoscopic approach to skull base: analysis of 584 consecutive patients Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Jan 31. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07256-3. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Endoscopic techniques have been widely applied for challenging cranial base surgeries in recent years. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of using the endoscopic endo-nasal route for various skull base pathologies in terms of postoperative complications. METHODS: A total of 584 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic skull base surgery were studied. Peri- and post-operative complications and risk factors affecting the occurrence of these complications were evaluated. RESULTS: 648 endoscopic skull base surgical procedures were performed on 584 patients (47.8% females and 52.2% males) with the mean age of 41.2 years. Pituitary adenoma (69.3%) was the most common pathology. Post-operative mortality was 2.0%. The rates of post-operative permanent neurological deficit (one case of 6th nerve inj ury, two 12th nerve injuries and one hemiparesis) and visual deterioration were 0.6% and 1.5%, respectively. Ten patients (1.7%) were complicated with meningitis and it was the cause of death in 3. Systemic complications not directly attributable to skull base surgical access occurred in 2% (11 patients) with 5 mortalities. The rate of intra-operative vascular injury was 1% and among them one patient died due to PCA injury. The most common post-operative complications were diabetes insipidus (12.5%), anterior pituitary dysfunction (10.6%) and CSF leak (3.6%), respectively. In general, reoperation, malignant lesions, and level IV of surgical complexity were associated with a higher incidence of complications. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic endo-nasal approach can be a safe and less-morbid first-line treatment of patients with various skull base lesions. PMID:35102476 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-022-07256-3 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Symptomatic Lingual Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in Children: A Laryngomalacia Phenotype

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Symptomatic Lingual Thyroglossal Duct Cyst in Children: A Laryngomalacia Phenotype Via otol rhinol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022 Jan 31:34894221075082. doi: 10.1177/00034894221075082. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Patients with lingual thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) can present as symptomatic with obstructive airway and feeding difficulties. METHODS: We present 3 cases of symptomatic lingual TGDC. RESULTS: All 3 patients were diagnosed with laryngomalacia and underwent further concurrent or delayed airway intervention, in addition to cyst removal . CONCLUSIONS: We reason that there is a phenotype of laryngomalacia in the symptomatic lingual thyroglossal duct cyst patients who present with symptoms due to disruption in laryngeal anatomy rather than the cyst itself causing obstructive symptoms. Distinguishing this phenotype, especially in comparison to other pathologies such as vallecular cysts, may better allow for planning of concurrent or delayed airway procedures and overall counseling of parents. PMID:35100842 | DOI:10.1177/00034894221075082 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Type 2 Marine-Lenhart Syndrome: An Uncommon Cause of Thyrotoxicosis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Type 2 Marine-Lenhart Syndrome: An Uncommon Cause of Thyrotoxicosis Via radioactive iodine Cureus. 2021 Dec 21;13(12):e20558. doi: 10.7759/cureus.20558. eCollection 2021 Dec. ABSTRACT Marine-Lenhart syndrome (MLS) is an uncommon cause of primary hyperthyroidism, which can occur in the context of diffuse goiter due to Graves disease (GD) or autonomic nodular disease (Plummer disease (PD)). The coexistence of these two conditions is the hallmark of the MLS. Patients with MLS have a lower remission rate with oral antithyroid drugs, requiring definitive management therapies w ith radioactive iodine or surgery. We present the case of a 48-year-old female with a history of primary autoimmune hyperthyroidism (GD) since 2016, with biochemical control of hyperthyroidism with methimazole but without the possibility of stopping treatment. The scintigraphic uptake pattern showed heterogeneous uptake of the thyroid parenchyma with three hyper-uptake nodules without inhibition of the rest of the thyroid tissue, findings of an MLS condition with the indication for definitive therapy, for which he was referred to nuclear medicine for the administration of radioactive iodine. PMID:35103137 | PMC:PMC8776516 | DOI:10.7759/cureus.20558 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Sino-nasal hemangiopericytoma: a case series and systematic literature review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Sino-nasal hemangiopericytoma: a case series and systematic literature review Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Feb 1. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07239-w. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Hemangiopericytoma is a rare tumor of the sino-nasal tract. Its clinical behavior is controversial. Whereas some describe an indolent course, others consider it to be an aggressive lesion with a tendency toward rapid local recurrence. Here, we describe our experience in the management of sino-nasal hemangiopericytoma (SN-HPC), comparing our experience with the current literature, and evaluating signs and tools to improve diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: All cases of SN-HPC between 2010 and 2020 were extracted and reviewed from our institutional electronic medical records. SN-HPC cases from PubMed and EMBASE between 2010 and 2020 were analyzed in a systematic literature review using the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Data regarding demographics, presentation, d iagnosis, treatment, and outcome were collected. RESULTS: We identified four cases of SN-HPC in the nasal cavity in our institution and an additional 53 cases in previous reports. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 59 years, with a 1.2:1 male to female ratio. SN-HPC mostly appears unilaterally, arising in the ethmoid sinus (42.1%). The most common presenting symptoms were epistaxis (47.3) and nasal obstruction (47.3%). Both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were required for diagnosis and for tailoring the treatment plan. Endoscopic surgical excision was used in 85.9% of the patients, and in 15.7%, an additional preoperative embolization was performed, which was associated with septal necrosis in one patient (2.6%). The recurrence rate was 7%. CONCLUSION: Although previous reports attribute an aggressive tumoral behavior to SN-HPC, our experience and the literature review support a more indolent course with low recurrence rates followin g complete endoscopic resection. Preoperative embolization can be useful in certain cases, but due to potential complications, it should not be routinely indicated. PMID:35103868 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07239-w View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.