We read with interest the in-depth review by Renkema and colleagues on central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients affected by craniofacial microsomia1. In this article, the authors clearly showed that CNS abnormalities are commonly detected (2 –69%), thus confirming that malformations in craniofacial microsomia go far beyond isolated skeletal abnormalities. The authors also underlined the need to investigate further the true prevalence rate of CNS involvement through the performance of dedicated studies, and attributed the wide range of CNS abnormality detection rates to selection bias, as patients with neurological symptoms are more likely to undergo neuroimaging studies. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Πέμπτη 30 Νοεμβρίου 2017
In reference to “Central nervous system anomalies in craniofacial microsomia: a systematic review”
Anaesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine compared with 2% mepivacaine: a randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 4% articaine (Ar4) compared to 2% mepivacaine (Me2), both in combination with 1:100,000 epinephrine, in a unique soft tissue model. This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial. The anaesthetic was applied to the lower lip using a computerized local delivery system. The following were evaluated: blood flow, thermal sensation, pressure and proprioception, extent of anaesthesia, gradual elimination, and the final duration of the effect of the anaesthesia. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Three-dimensional changes to the upper airway after maxillomandibular advancement with counterclockwise rotation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of counterclockwise (CCW) rotation and maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) on the upper airway space using three-dimensional images. An electronic search was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Virtual Health Library, Web of Science, and OpenGrey databases (end date July 2016); a hand-search of primary study reference lists was also conducted. The inclusion criteria encompassed computed tomography evaluations of the upper airway spaces of adult patients undergoing orthognathic surgery with CCW rotation and MMA. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Titanium and polyether ether ketone (PEEK) patient-specific sub-periosteal implants: two novel approaches for rehabilitation of the severely atrophic anterior maxillary ridge
The aim of this study was to assess two new protocols for single-stage rehabilitation of the severely atrophic maxillary ridge using customized porous titanium or polyether ether ketone (PEEK) sub-periosteal implants. Ten patients with a severely atrophic anterior maxillary alveolar ridge were divided randomly into two groups (five patients in each) to receive customized sub-periosteal implants fabricated via CAD/CAM technology: group 1, porous titanium implants; group 2, PEEK implants. Prosthetic loading with fixed acrylic bridges was performed 1 month postoperative. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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What Many Black Women So Easily Get Wrong When It Comes to Dental Hygiene
Growing up, going to the dentist was my favorite doctor's appointment--from the bubble gum flavored toothpaste while sitting in the examination chair, the pink princess toothbrush I collected at the end of my visit and the cheeky and corny dentist joke sticker the doctor would hand me before my mom ushered me back to school--taking care of my pearly whites at a young age was a treat. Over the years, as life and work sometimes got in the way, oral hygiene outside of the daily practice of brushing twice a day wasn't a top priority.
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The effectiveness of vibrational stimulus to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review
Abstract
Background
In recent years, it has been a hot research topic to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) through vibration. This review was therefore aimed to systematically evaluate the available evidences on the efficacy of vibrational stimulus to accelerate OTM.
Methods
Randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of vibration on OTM acceleration were searched through electronic and manual search. Two review authors independently conducted the study inclusion, quality assessment and data extraction. The quality of synthesized evidence was assessed according to GRADE system.
Results
Eight clinical trials were included in this systematic review. Four studies found that vibration did not enhance the rate of OTM during alignment phase. Two studies revealed that the use of vibratory stimulation accelerated canine retraction. No deleterious effects including pain perceptions and root resorptions were reported.
Conclusions
Within the limitations of this review, weak evidence indicates that vibrational stimulus is effective for accelerating canine retraction but not for alignment. The effects of vibration on pain intensity and root resorption during orthodontic treatment are inconclusive. Future high-quality clinical trials are needed before warranting recommendations to clinical application.
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Evidence of the efficacy and safety of house dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy in elderly allergic rhinitis patients: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Allergen specific immunotherapy (AIT) in elderly patients is controversial, and there is still little evidence supporting the safety and efficacy of this treatment in this population. The study objective was t...
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A weekly diary study of minority stress, coping, and internalizing symptoms among gay men.
Objective: Research has demonstrated that gay men are at increased risk for internalizing disorders compared with heterosexual men and that minority stressors are risk factors. However, the mechanisms underlying the associations between minority stressors and internalizing symptoms remain unclear. The current study examined coping strategies (active and disengaged coping) as mediators of the associations between minority stressors (internalized homonegativity [IH] and rejection sensitivity [RS]) and internalizing symptoms. Method: A sample of 147 gay men completed a baseline questionnaire and weekly questionnaires for seven consecutive weeks. Results: At the between-person level, higher IH and RS were associated with higher disengaged coping, but not active coping. In turn, higher disengaged coping was associated with higher internalizing symptoms. Disengaged coping mediated the between-person association between IH and internalizing symptoms. At the within-person level, higher IH and RS were associated with higher disengaged coping, which, in turn, was associated with higher internalizing symptoms. Higher RS was also associated with higher active coping. Disengaged coping mediated the within-person associations between both minority stressors and internalizing symptoms. Of note, some associations with IH became nonsignificant controlling for RS, suggesting that the latter has a stronger influence on coping and internalizing symptoms. Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that gay men's negative thoughts and feelings about their sexual orientation and anxious expectations of rejection vary from week to week and this weekly fluctuation has an impact on mental health. Further, findings implicate disengaged coping as a mechanism through which minority stressors influence internalizing symptoms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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“Memory support strategies and bundles: A pathway to improving cognitive therapy for depression?”: Correction to Dong, Lee, and Harvey (2017).
Reports an error in "Memory support strategies and bundles: A pathway to improving cognitive therapy for depression" by Lu Dong, Jason Y. Lee and Allison G. Harvey (Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2017[Mar], Vol 85[3], 187-199). In the article, there was an error in Table 2 of the Results. In Table 2, the MS summary scores of the Total amount of MS are missing six descriptive statistics. They should have read as: 13.50, 8.54, 23, 18.32, 8.83, 23. The corrected table is included. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2017-07144-001.) Objective: Therapist use of memory support (MS) alongside treatment-as-usual, with the goal of enhancing patient recall of treatment contents, has been of recent interest as a novel pathway to improve treatment outcome. The memory support intervention (MSI) involves treatment providers' using 8 specific MS strategies to promote patient memory for treatment. The present study examines to what extent therapist use of MS strategies and bundles improves patient recall of treatment contents and treatment outcome. Method: The data were drawn from a pilot RCT reported elsewhere. Participants were 48 adults (mean age = 44.27 years, 29 females) with major depressive disorder (MDD), randomized to receive 14 sessions of either CT + Memory Support (n = 25) or CT-as-usual (n = 23). Therapist use of MS was coded using the Memory Support Rating Scale. Patient memory and treatment outcomes were assessed at baseline, midtreatment (patient recall only), posttreatment, and 6-month follow-up. Results: Participants in CT + Memory Support received significantly higher amount of MS relative to CT-as-usual. Although not reaching statistical significance, small-to-medium effects were observed between MS strategies and patient recall in the expected direction. Although MS variables were not significantly associated with changes in continuous depressive symptoms, MS was associated with better global functioning. MS also exhibited small to medium effects on treatment response and recurrence in the expected direction but not on remission, though these effects did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: These results provide initial empirical evidence supporting an active method for therapists to implement MS strategies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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Unique effects of setting goals on behavior change: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Objective: Goal setting is a common feature of behavior change interventions, but it is unclear when goal setting is optimally effective. The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to evaluate: (a) the unique effects of goal setting on behavior change, and (b) under what circumstances and for whom goal setting works best. Method: Four databases were searched for articles that assessed the unique effects of goal setting on behavior change using randomized controlled trials. One-hundred and 41 papers were identified from which 384 effect sizes (N = 16,523) were extracted and analyzed. A moderator analysis of sample characteristics, intervention characteristics, inclusion of other behavior change techniques, study design and delivery, quality of study, outcome measures, and behavior targeted was conducted. Results: A random effects model indicated a small positive unique effect of goal setting across a range of behaviors, d = .34 (CI [.28, .41]). Moderator analyses indicated that goal setting was particularly effective if the goal was: (a) difficult, (b) set publicly, and (c) was a group goal. There was weaker evidence that goal setting was more effective when paired with external monitoring of the behavior/outcome by others without feedback and delivered face-to-face. Conclusions: Goal setting is an effective behavior change technique that has the potential to be considered a fundamental component of successful interventions. The present review adds novel insights into the means by which goal setting might be augmented to maximize behavior change and sets the agenda for future programs of research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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Applying network analysis to psychological comorbidity and health behavior: Depression, PTSD, and sexual risk in sexual minority men with trauma histories.
Objective: High rates of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) contribute to sexual risk, particularly in men who have sex with men (MSM) who have experienced childhood sexual abuse. The comorbidity between depression and PTSD and mechanisms by which they contribute to sexual risk in MSM remain unclear. This study sought to demonstrate the feasibility and utility of a network approach to (a) characterize symptom interconnections between depression and PTSD in MSM, (b) identify specific symptoms related to sexual risk behavior, and (c) compare symptom networks across groups at different levels of risk. Method: Cross-sectional baseline data were collected from 296 HIV-negative urban MSM as part of a multisite randomized intervention trial. Symptoms of depression and PTSD were self-reported along with sexual risk behavior. Analyses were performed in R using regularized partial correlation network modeling. Results: Network analyses revealed complex associations between depression and PTSD symptoms and in relation to sexual risk behavior. While symptoms clustered within their respective disorders, depression and PTSD were connected at key symptom nodes (e.g., sleep, concentration). Specific symptoms (e.g., avoiding thoughts and feelings) were linked to sexual risk behavior. Network comparisons across risk groups suggested avoidant processes could be more readily activated in higher-risk individuals, whereas hyperarousal symptoms may be more salient and protective for lower-risk individuals. Conclusions: This study is one of the earliest network analyses of depression and PTSD, and first to extend this inquiry to health behavior. Symptom-level investigations may clarify mechanisms underlying psychological comorbidity and behavioral risk in MSM and refine targets for intervention/prevention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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Ecological momentary assessment of daily discrimination experiences and nicotine, alcohol, and drug use among sexual and gender minority individuals.
Objective: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience elevated rates of minority stress, which has been linked to higher rates of nicotine and substance use. Research on this disparity to date is largely predicated on methodology that is insensitive to within day SGM-based discrimination experiences, or their relation to momentary nicotine and substance use risk. We address this knowledge gap in the current study using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Method: Fifty SGM individuals, between 18 and 45 years of age, were recruited from an inland northwestern university, regardless of their nicotine or substance use history, and invited to participate in an EMA study. Each were prompted to provide data, six times daily (between 10:00 a.m. and 10:00 p.m.) for 14 days, regarding SGM-based discrimination, other forms of mistreatment, and nicotine, drug, and alcohol use since their last prompt. Results: Discrimination experiences that occurred since individuals' last measurement prompt were associated with greater odds of nicotine and substance use during the same measurement window. Substance use was also more likely to occur in relation to discrimination reported two measurements prior in lagged models. Relative to other forms of mistreatment, discrimination effects were consistently larger in magnitude and became stronger throughout the day/evening. Conclusion: This study adds to existing minority stress research by highlighting the both immediate and delayed correlates of daily SGM-based discrimination experiences. These results also contribute to our understanding of daily stress processes and provide insight into ways we might mitigate these effects using real-time monitoring and intervention technology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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Processes of change after a sudden gain and relation to treatment outcome—Evidence for an upward spiral.
Objective: Sudden gains are sudden symptom improvements from 1 psychotherapy session to the next. This study investigates the processes that may facilitate treatment outcome after a sudden gain occurred. Method: A sample of 211 depressed patients who underwent cognitive–behavioral therapy was analyzed. Sudden gains were identified using a session-by-session self-report symptom measure. Patient ratings of general change factors (therapeutic alliance; coping skills) in the sessions before and after a sudden gain were investigated as predictors of outcome. Propensity score matching was used to compare sudden gain patients with similar patients who did not experience a sudden gain. Results: Therapeutic alliance and coping skills increased in the postgain sessions. There were no comparable processes of change among patients without sudden gains. The therapeutic alliance was found to moderate the association between sudden gains and treatment outcome. Conclusion: Results suggest that sudden gains trigger change factors that facilitate the association between gains and treatment outcome. Patient-therapist dyads should work with sudden gains to consolidate symptom relief. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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Introduction to the special section on sexual and gender minority health.
The field of sexual and gender minority health has advanced exponentially in the past decade. The Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (JCCP) has made important strides in publishing work on sexual and gender minority health. Although the following set of articles was not originally planned as a special section, most of the articles address, in some way, sexual and gender minority specific stressors such as perceived or overt stigma and/or the higher risk for emotional and substance use problems facing this population. Together, the papers in this section are models of some of the best work being conducted on sexual and gender minority health. Not only do they address significant problems, they do so in large, nonoverlapping samples, using novel and strong methodologies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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Comparing treatment response between LGBQ and heterosexual individuals attending a CBT- and DBT-skills-based partial hospital.
Objective: Despite a greater need for mental health treatment in individuals identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, and other sexual minority identities (LGBQ+), no prior study has examined mental health treatment outcomes for LGBQ+ populations receiving standard care. We compared individuals identifying as LGBQ+ or heterosexual on treatment outcomes following a partial hospital program based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). Method: A total of 441 participants (19% LGBQ+; mean age = 34.42 years; 56% female, 42% male, 2% nonbinary) attending a partial hospital program completed measures at admission and discharge as part of standard care. We compared LGBQ+ and heterosexual individuals on symptom outcomes (24-item Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire), program dropout due to inpatient hospitalization, clinical global improvement, and perceived quality of care, controlling for baseline characteristics using propensity score adjustment. Results: Controlling for baseline demographic and clinical variables and a 10% false discovery rate, LGBQ+ and heterosexual individuals did not differ on treatment outcomes. However, when examining sexual identity subgroups, bisexual individuals reported more self-injurious and suicidal thoughts and worse perceptions of care at posttreatment compared to all other sexual identities. Conclusions: Findings support the comparable effectiveness of CBT- and DBT-skills-based hospital treatment for LGBQ+ and heterosexual individuals overall but suggest specific treatment disparities for bisexual individuals. Future research is needed to establish the effectiveness of traditional evidence-based treatment in other settings and to determine whether LGBQ+ affirmative treatments for specific LGBQ+ subgroups are superior to traditional treatments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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Sexual orientation differences in functional limitations, disability, and mental health services use: Results from the 2013–2014 National Health Interview Survey.
Objectives: The authors investigated sexual orientation differences in risk for mental health morbidity, functional limitations/disability, and mental health services use among adults interviewed in the nationally representative 2013–2014 National Health Interview Survey. Method: Respondents were 68,816 adults (67,152 heterosexual and 1,664 lesbian, gay, and bisexual [LGB] individuals), age 18 and older. Fully structured interviews assessed sexual orientation identity, health status, and services use. Using sex-stratified analyses while adjusting for demographic confounding, the authors compared LGB and heterosexual individuals for evidence of mental health-related impairments and use of mental health services. Results: LGB adults, as compared to heterosexual adults, demonstrated higher prevalence of mental health morbidity and functional limitations. However, this varied by gender with LGB women evidencing elevated risk for both mental health and substance abuse (MHSA) and non-MHSA limitations. Among men, sexual orientation differences clustered among MHSA-related limitations. Overall, LGB adults were more likely than heterosexual adults to use services, with the source of functional limitations moderating these effects among men. Conclusion: MHSA-related morbidity is a significant concern among LGB individuals and is associated with higher levels of functional limitations/disability. The findings highlight that LGB persons use MHSA-related treatment at higher rates than heterosexuals do, and, among men, are more likely to do so absent MHSA or non-MHSA-related functional limitations. This presents a unique set of concerns within the integrated care setting, including the need to deliver culturally competent care sensitive to the context of probable sex differences among LGB individuals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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HIV risk and multiple sources of heterosexism among young Black men who have sex with men.
Objective: This study examined whether the association between social support and condom self-efficacy would be moderated by (a) internalized heterosexism among and (b) enacted heterosexism experienced by young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM), who contend with high HIV incidence, heterosexism, and low uptake of preexposure prophylaxis. Method: Participants were 1,210 YBMSM (ages 18–29) who completed measures of social support, internalized and enacted heterosexism, and condom self-efficacy in 2 large cities in the southern United States as part of a community-level HIV-prevention study. Results: A significant 3-way interaction between social support and both hypothesized moderators, internalized and enacted heterosexism, showed that social support was positively associated with condom self-efficacy when both internalized and enacted heterosexism were high (1 SD above the mean; b = .177, 95% confidence interval [CI: .088, .266]). However, social support was not associated with condom self-efficacy when scores were low (1 SD below the mean) on both internalized and enacted heterosexism (b = .024, 95% CI [−.054, .101]), low on internalized and high on enacted heterosexism (b = .058, 95% CI [−.061, .117]), or high on internalized and low on enacted heterosexism (b = .039, 95% CI [−.083, .161]). Conclusions: YBMSM who are high in both internalized and enacted heterosexism may see greater benefits from social support on condom self-efficacy than would YBMSM who grapple with less heterosexism. In addition to promoting social support, interventions should aim to assess and reduce multiple forms of stigma. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)
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Dental calculus: the calcified biofilm and its role in disease development
Abstract
Dental calculus represents the first fossilized record of bacterial communities as a testimony of evolutionary biology. The development of dental calculus is a dynamic process that starts with a nonmineralized biofilm which eventually calcifies. Nonmineralized dental biofilm entraps particles from the oral cavity, including large amounts of oral bacteria, human proteins, viruses and food remnants, and preserves their DNA. The process of mineralization involves metabolic activities of the bacterial colonies and strengthens the attachment of nonmineralized biofilms to the tooth surface. From a clinical point of view, dental calculus always harbors a living, nonmineralized biofilm, jeopardizing the integrity of the dento-gingival or implanto-mucosal unit. This narrative review presents a brief historical overview of dental calculus formation and its clinical relevance in modern periodontal practice.
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Hepatitis C and oral lichen planus
This review of the association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and oral lichen planus (OLP) identified 19 case-controlled studies. While a 6-fold increase in risk of HCV infection was noted in OLP patients a majority of the studies took place in areas with high endemic HCV rates and there is some concern regarding publication bias and the quality of the available studies.
The post Hepatitis C and oral lichen planus appeared first on National Elf Service.
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Editorial Board
Source:Dental Materials, Volume 33, Issue 12
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Standard-dose osimertinib for refractory leptomeningeal metastases in T790M-positive EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer
Standard-dose osimertinib for refractory leptomeningeal metastases in T790M-positive EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer
Standard-dose osimertinib for refractory leptomeningeal metastases in T790M-positive <i>EGFR</i>-mutant non-small cell lung cancer, Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/bjc.2017.394
Standard-dose osimertinib for refractory leptomeningeal metastases in T790M-positive EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer
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Tumour budding in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Tumour budding in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Tumour budding in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis, Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/bjc.2017.425
Tumour budding in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis
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Effect of Intraoral Mechanical Cleaning Techniques on Bond Strength of Cast Crowns to Metal Cores
Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of cleaning of metal cores from provisional cement, using an intraoral airborne-particle abrasion method, on the bond strength of permanent resin cement with cast crowns to cores.
Materials and Methods
Thirty stainless steel models of a standard complete crown tooth preparation were fabricated. Thirty Type III gold crowns were fabricated. Each cast crown corresponded to one stainless steel crown preparation model. All crowns were cemented with noneugenol zinc oxide cement and stored for 7 days at 37°C. All crowns were debonded, and the cement was cleaned with airborne-particle abrasion using 50 μm aluminum oxide at 4.1 bar (0.41 MPa) followed by ultrasonic cleaning. Based on the mechanical cleaning technique of the remaining provisional cement on surfaces of cast cores, specimens were equally divided into 3 groups: hand cleaning (HC) with a dental excavator, hand cleaning followed by polishing using a brush and pumice (BP), and hand cleaning followed by intraoral airborne-particle abrasion (APA). All crowns were then cemented to their corresponding cores using universal resin cement. All crowns were stored for 7 days at 37°C. An Instron universal testing machine was used to record the bond strength of crowns.
Results
Airborne-particle abrasion method for intraoral mechanical cleaning revealed a statistically significantly higher bond strength compared to the other two methods.
Conclusions
When comparing the three methods of provisional cement cleaning from metal cores, airborne-particle abrasion resulted in the highest bond strength for cast crowns.
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A Digital Approach to Retrofitting a Post and Core Restoration to an Existing Crown
Abstract
One problem that may arise in full-coverage restorations is clinical crown fracture. Fracture of an endodontically treated and crowned tooth in the esthetic zone may be embarrassing to both the patient and clinician. If a completely sound margin and at least 2 mm of coronal structure remain, a fractured tooth may possibly be retreated by a repair. Several methods have been introduced to reproduce the original contour of the tooth for retrofitting an existing crown. If an existing crown is used as a template, excessive core material may remain over the margin, as loading the proper amount of core material is difficult, and making vent holes on the existing crown is not feasible. This article presents a repair technique to reuse an existing crown with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology. By using a milled poly(methylmethacrylate) matrix, the mentioned limitations are eliminated, and the original contour of the tooth can be effectively restored with minimal intervention. As an existing crown is reused, the issues of additional time and cost for repreparation, reimpression, and new crown are eliminated.
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Marginal and Internal Fit of CAD/CAM Crowns Fabricated Over Reverse Tapered Preparations
Abstract
Purpose
Intraoral digital scanning can accurately record single abutment tooth preparations despite their geometry, and the algorithms of the CAD software can be set to manage different abutment forms. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of CAD/CAM zirconia crowns fabricated over conventional and reverse-tapered preparations.
Materials and Methods
Crown preparations with known total occlusal convergence (TOC) angles (–8°, –4°, 0°, 8°, 12°, 16°, and 22°) were digitally created from a maxillary left central incisor and printed in acrylic resin. Next, casts were scanned with a TRIOS intraoral scanner, and crowns were designed with KaVo multiCAD software using default parameters (50 μm cement space) on abutments with positive TOC angles, whereas reverse-tapered abutments (negative TOC angles) were digitally blocked out at 0° and had an extra mesiodistal gap set to 50 μm. Then, zirconia crowns were fabricated, and their marginal and internal discrepancies were recorded with the silicone replica technique. All replicas were examined under a stereomicroscope at 50× magnification. Collected data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test for marginal fit. For the axial and incisal fit, measured values did not follow a normal distribution; therefore, the Kruskal-Wallis and the Dunn/Bonferroni multiple comparison tests were applied (p = 0.05).
Results
The mean marginal fit of –8° crowns (58.2 ± 6.0 μm) was statistically different (p < 0.0001) from all the remaining crowns (range 42.1-47.3 μm). Also, the internal fit was statistically significant when comparing crowns fabricated over abutments with positive and negative TOC angles (p < 0.0001). The largest median axial discrepancies were found in the –8° (165.5 μm) and –4° (130.8 μm) groups; however, when evaluating the incisal fit, they showed the smallest discrepancies (67.3 and 81.8 μm, respectively).
Conclusions
Under the conditions of this study, the marginal and internal fit of zirconia crowns fabricated over inverse-tapered preparations is within clinically accepted values.
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Brushteeth 318x200
A recent study shows that 36% of children between the ages of three and five years suffer from tooth decay. Dental surgeons have re-emphasised the need to educate parents, caretakers and school authorities on the ills of sugar consumption among children.
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Correction to: Decisional Balance Inventory (DBI) Adolescent Form for Smoking: Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version
After publication of the article [1], it has been brought to our attention that the first and last names of the third author were transposed in the original article. The author was published as "Ponnet Koen" w...
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Evaluation of reported pathogenic variants and their frequencies in a Japanese population based on a whole-genome reference panel of 2049 individuals
Evaluation of reported pathogenic variants and their frequencies in a Japanese population based on a whole-genome reference panel of 2049 individuals
Evaluation of reported pathogenic variants and their frequencies in a Japanese population based on a whole-genome reference panel of 2049 individuals, Published online: 01 December 2017; doi:10.1038/s10038-017-0347-1
Evaluation of reported pathogenic variants and their frequencies in a Japanese population based on a whole-genome reference panel of 2049 individuals
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Citation for the 2016 BAOMS Surgery Prize - Kathleen Fan
The BAOMS Surgery Prize is awarded by the association to the fellow who in their first 10 years of consultant practice has made a major contribution to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.
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In reference to “Central nervous system anomalies in craniofacial microsomia: a systematic review”
We read with interest the in-depth review by Renkema and colleagues on central nervous system (CNS) involvement in patients affected by craniofacial microsomia1. In this article, the authors clearly showed that CNS abnormalities are commonly detected (2–69%), thus confirming that malformations in craniofacial microsomia go far beyond isolated skeletal abnormalities. The authors also underlined the need to investigate further the true prevalence rate of CNS involvement through the performance of dedicated studies, and attributed the wide range of CNS abnormality detection rates to selection bias, as patients with neurological symptoms are more likely to undergo neuroimaging studies.
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Anaesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine compared with 2% mepivacaine: a randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 4% articaine (Ar4) compared to 2% mepivacaine (Me2), both in combination with 1:100,000 epinephrine, in a unique soft tissue model. This was a randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial. The anaesthetic was applied to the lower lip using a computerized local delivery system. The following were evaluated: blood flow, thermal sensation, pressure and proprioception, extent of anaesthesia, gradual elimination, and the final duration of the effect of the anaesthesia.
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Confounding by ill health in the observed association between BMI and mortality: evidence from the HUNT Study using offspring BMI as an instrument
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Modified Decompression of the Infraorbital Canal to treat Trigeminal Neuralgia affecting the Maxillary branch
To modify the method of treating trigeminal neuralgia (TN) affecting the maxillary branch and to provide a clinical evidence of etiologic hypothesis of narrowing bone canal compression.
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Woman dies after getting tooth extraction in Gwangju
A woman who suffered from a rare disease called muscular dystrophy died after getting a tooth extraction at a dental clinic in Gwangju Wednesday, Yonhap News Agency reported. The 34-year-old woman went into temporary shock and showed difficulty in breathing after the procedure and was taken to the emergency room of a general hospital.
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Commentary to letter to the editor to manuscript “Effects of surgical treatment of hypertrophic turbinates on the nasal obstruction and the quality of life”
We indeed appreciate the comments of Dr. Singh Bakshi and would like to take the opportunity to remark on them.
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Retrograde parotidectomy and facial nerve outcomes: A case series of 44 patients (Letter to Editor)
I read with interest about the nicely written article entitled "Retrograde Parotidectomy and Facial Nerve Outcomes: A case Series of 44 Patients" by Kligerman et al. [1]. I would like to congratulate the authors on their good results of retrograde parotidectomy. They demonstrated that the complications after retrograde parotidectomy, especially of facial nerve injury, are not inferior to the counterpart of antegrade parotidectomy. In addition, the former approach could achieve a low wound complication rate of 6.8% and facilitate outpatient surgery.
from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2AJYjSj
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Virginia Diner, Inc. Issues Allergy Alert on Undeclared Peanut Allergen in Chocolate Covered Cashews 10 oz. cans
Virginia Diner, Inc. is voluntarily issuing a recall of 10 oz. cans of Plow & Hearth Chocolate Covered Cashews at Plow & Hearth's locations and nationwide (Mail Order) as a precaution because they may contain peanuts and peanut allergens. People who have an allergy or severe sensitivity to peanuts run the risk of serious or life-threatening allergic reaction if they consume these products. A label mix up was discovered by a consumer who received and opened a Cashew Tower Set (3 individual cashew cans) of which one can, the 10 oz. Chocolate Covered Cashews, were found to have Salted Peanuts.
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Aspirin Use and Mortality in Two Contemporary US Cohorts
Background: Daily aspirin use has been recommended for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, but its use for primary prevention remains controversial. Methods: We followed 440,277 men and women from the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (ages 50–71) and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (ages 55–74) for mortality for 13 years on average. Frequency of aspirin use was ascertained through self-report, and cause of death by death certificates. We calculated multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality using Cox proportional hazards models for each cohort and combined by meta-analysis. Results: We found a consistent U-shaped relationship between aspirin use and mortality in both studies, with differential risk patterns for cardiovascular mortality by disease history. Among individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease, daily aspirin use was associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality [HR = 0.78 (95% CI, 0.74, 0.82)]. However, among those without a previous history, we observed no protection for daily aspirin users [HR = 1.06 (1.02, 1.11)], and elevated risk of cardiovascular mortality for those taking aspirin twice daily or more [HR = 1.29 (1.19, 1.39)]. Elevated risk persisted even among participants who lived beyond 5 years of follow-up and used aspirin without other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs [HR = 1.31 (1.17, 1.47)]. Conclusions: Results from these 2 large population-based US cohorts confirm the utility of daily aspirin use for secondary prevention of cardiovascular mortality; however, our data suggest that caution should be exercised in more frequent use, particularly among individuals without a history of cardiovascular disease.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2zFCeQn
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Residential Agricultural Pesticide Exposures and Risks of Spontaneous Preterm Birth
Background: Pesticides exposures are aspects of the human exposome that have not been sufficiently studied for their contribution to risk for preterm birth. We investigated risks of spontaneous preterm birth from potential residential exposures to 543 individual chemicals and 69 physicochemical groupings that were applied in the San Joaquin Valley of California during the study period, 1998–2011. Methods: The study population was derived from birth certificate data linked with Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development maternal and infant hospital discharge data. After exclusions, the analytic study base included 197,461 term control births and 27,913 preterm case births. Preterm cases were more narrowly defined as 20–23 weeks (n = 515), 24–27 weeks (n = 1,792), 28–31 weeks (n = 3,098), or 32–36 weeks (n = 22,508). Results: The frequency of any (versus none) pesticide exposure was uniformly lower in each preterm case group relative to the frequency in term controls, irrespective of gestational month of exposure. All odds ratios were below 1.0 for these any versus no exposure comparisons. The majority of odds ratios were below 1.0, many of them statistically precise, for preterm birth and exposures to specific chemical groups or chemicals. Conclusions: This study showed a general lack of increased risk of preterm birth associated with a range of agriculture pesticide exposures near women's residences.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j3DczV
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Scientists Must Shape Our Future as They Have Shaped Our Past: Perspective of the Former US EPA Administrator
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The Relationship Between 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza During Pregnancy and Preterm Birth: A Population-based Cohort Study
Background: Previous studies of maternal influenza illness and preterm birth have yielded inconsistent results. Our objective was to assess the association between 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza during pregnancy and preterm birth in a large obstetrical population. Methods: We linked a province-wide birth registry with health administrative databases to identify influenza-coded hospitalizations, emergency department visits, or physician visits among pregnant women during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic (our proxy for clinical pH1N1 influenza illness). Using Cox regression, we estimated adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for preterm birth and spontaneous preterm birth treating influenza as a time-varying exposure. Results: Among 192,082 women with a singleton live birth, 2,925 (1.5%) had an influenza-coded health care encounter during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Compared with unexposed pregnancy time, there was no association between exposure to the pandemic, with or without clinical influenza illness, and preterm birth (no pH1N1 diagnosis: aHR = 1.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.98, 1.1; pH1N1 diagnosis: aHR = 1.0; 95% CI = 0.88, 1.2). Among women with preexisting medical conditions, influenza was associated with increased preterm birth (aHR = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.2) and spontaneous preterm birth (aHR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.6), and these associations were strongest in the third trimester and when data were analyzed to allow for a transient acute effect of influenza. Conclusions: In the general obstetrical population, there was no association between pH1N1 influenza illness and preterm birth, but women with preexisting medical conditions known to increase the risk of influenza-associated morbidity were at elevated risk.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2BnyKT2
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Site-specific Solid Cancer Mortality After Exposure to Ionizing Radiation: A Cohort Study of Workers (INWORKS)
Background: There is considerable scientific interest in associations between protracted low-dose exposure to ionizing radiation and the occurrence of specific types of cancer. Methods: Associations between ionizing radiation and site-specific solid cancer mortality were examined among 308,297 nuclear workers employed in France, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Workers were monitored for external radiation exposure and follow-up encompassed 8.2 million person-years. Radiation–mortality associations were estimated using a maximum-likelihood method and using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method, the latter used to fit a hierarchical regression model to stabilize estimates of association. Results: The analysis included 17,957 deaths attributable to solid cancer, the most common being lung, prostate, and colon cancer. Using a maximum-likelihood method to quantify associations between radiation dose- and site-specific cancer, we obtained positive point estimates for oral, esophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, pancreas, peritoneum, larynx, lung, pleura, bone and connective tissue, skin, ovary, testis, and thyroid cancer; in addition, we obtained negative point estimates for cancer of the liver and gallbladder, prostate, bladder, kidney, and brain. Most of these estimated coefficients exhibited substantial imprecision. Employing a hierarchical model for stabilization had little impact on the estimated associations for the most commonly observed outcomes, but for less frequent cancer types, the stabilized estimates tended to take less extreme values and have greater precision than estimates obtained without such stabilization. Conclusions: The results provide further evidence regarding associations between low-dose radiation exposure and cancer.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2BpHubD
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Reducing Urban Violence: A Contrast of Public Health and Criminal Justice Approaches
Background: Cities are investing millions in Cure Violence, a public health approach to reduce urban violence by targeting at-risk youth and redirecting conflict to nonviolent responses. The impact of such a program compared with criminal justice responses is unknown because experiments directly comparing criminal justice and public health approaches to violence prevention are infeasible with observational data. We simulated experiments to test the influence of two interventions on violence: (1) Cure Violence and (2) directed police patrol in violence hot spots. Methods: We used an agent-based model to simulate a 5% sample of the New York City (NYC) adult population, with agents placed on a grid representing the land area of NYC, with neighborhood size and population density proportional to land area and population density in each community district. Agent behaviors were governed by parameters drawn from city data sources and published estimates. Results: Under no intervention, 3.87% (95% CI, 3.84, 3.90) of agents were victimized per year. Implementing the violence interrupter intervention for 10 years decreased victimization by 13% (to 3.35% [3.32, 3.39]). Implementing hot-spots policing and doubling the police force for 10 years reduced annual victimization by about 11% (to 3.46% [3.42, 3.49]). Increasing the police force by 40% combined with implementing the violence interrupter intervention for 10 years decreased violence by 19% (to 3.13% [3.09, 3.16]). Conclusions: Combined investment in a public health, community-based approach to violence prevention and a criminal justice approach focused on deterrence can achieve more to reduce population-level rates of urban violence than either can in isolation. See video abstract at, http://ift.tt/2j5JzT4.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j5Jxuq
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Perineal Talc Use and Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background: It has been posited that there is an association between perineal talc use and the incidence of ovarian cancer. To date, this has only been explored in observational studies. Objectives: To perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between perineal talc use and risk of ovarian cancer. Methods: Studies were identified using six electronic databases. Observational studies involving at least 50 cases of ovarian cancer were eligible for inclusion. We analyzed the association between ovarian cancer, including specific types, and any perineal talc use, long-term (>10 years) use, total lifetime applications, and use on diaphragms or sanitary napkins. A subgroup analysis was performed, stratifying by study design and population. Results: We identified 24 case–control (13,421 cases) and three cohort studies (890 cases, 181,860 person-years). Any perineal talc use was associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.24, 1.39). More than 3600 lifetime applications (OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.25, 1.61) were slightly more associated with ovarian cancer thanfrom ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j4wjOM
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Pandemic Influenza A H1N1 Vaccination and Subsequent Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Norway
No abstract availablefrom ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j4G1AK
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Correspondence Between Results and Aims of Funding Support in EPIDEMIOLOGY Articles
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Determinants of Short-term Movement in a Developing Region and Implications for Disease Transmission
Background: Human mobility is important for infectious disease spread. However, little is known about how travel varies by demographic groups and how this heterogeneity influences infectious disease risk. Methods: We analyzed 10 years of survey data from 15 communities in a remote but rapidly changing region in rural Ecuador where road development in the past 15–20 years has dramatically changed travel. We identify determinants of travel and incorporate them into an infection transmission model. Results: Individuals living in communities more remote at baseline had lower travel rates compared with less remote villages (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.38, 0.67). Our model predicts that less remote villages are, therefore, at increased disease risk. Though road building and travel increased for all communities, this risk differential remained over 10 years of observation. Our transmission model also suggests that travelers and nontravelers have different roles in disease transmission. Adults travel more than children (adjusted OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.30, 2.31) and therefore disseminate infection from population centers to rural communities. Children are more likely than adults to be infected locally (attributable fraction = 0.24 and 0.09, respectively) and were indirectly affected by adult travel patterns. Conclusions: These results reinforce the importance of large population centers for regional transmission and show that children and adults may play different roles in disease spread. Changing transportation infrastructure and subsequent economic and social transitions are occurring worldwide, potentially causing increased regional risk of disease.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j4IzP0
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Extending the Case–Control Design to Longitudinal Data: Stratified Sampling Based on Repeated Binary Outcomes
We detail study design options that generalize case–control sampling when longitudinal outcome data are already collected as part of a primary cohort study, but new exposure data must be retrospectively processed for a secondary analysis. Furthermore, we assume that cost will limit the size of the subsample that can be evaluated. We describe a novel class of stratified outcome-dependent sampling designs for longitudinal binary response data where distinct strata are created for subjects who never, sometimes, and always experienced the event of interest during longitudinal follow-up. Individual designs within this class are differentiated by the stratum-specific sampling probabilities. We show for parameters associated with time-varying exposures, subjects who experience the event/outcome at some but not at all of the follow-up times (i.e., those who exhibit response variation) are highly informative. If the time-varying exposure varies exclusively within individuals (i.e., intraclass correlation coefficient is 0), then sampling all subjects with response variability can yield highly precise parameter estimates even when compared with an analysis of the original cohort. The flexibility of the designs and analysis procedures also permits estimation of parameters that correspond to time-fixed covariates, and we show that with an imputation-based estimation procedure, baseline covariate associations can be estimated with very high precision irrespective of the design. We demonstrate features of the designs and analysis procedures via a plasmode simulation using data from the Lung Health Study.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j4Ce6c
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Estimating the Effect of Preventable Treatment Discontinuation on Health Outcomes
Background: There is increased interest in studying the effects of medication adherence on health outcomes. However, if patients appropriately stop treatment because of side effects and treatment failure, it is neither possible nor clinically meaningful to estimate the effect of full medication adherence. Methods: We present an analysis designed to estimate the effect of nonmedical (preventable) discontinuation of cinacalcet, an oral medication approved to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis on mortality and heart failure. The approach involves artificially censoring patients who discontinue treatment for a reason that does not appear to be related to an adverse effect of treatment. We address potential bias from informative censoring through inverse-probability of censoring weighted estimation. Results: Although the analysis is subject to possible residual confounding by the healthy adherer effect and other limitations, we find that potentially preventable discontinuation associates with 2.9 excess deaths at 1 year per 100 patients treated (95% confidence interval, 2.4, 3.5), and 4.6 excess deaths at 2 years (95% confidence interval, 3.5, 5.5). The association between cinacalcet persistence and heart failure hospitalization risk was sensitive to the outcome definition. Conclusions: Inverse-probability of censoring weighted estimation can be used to estimate the effect of potentially preventable treatment discontinuation in populations where treatment can be stopped for both medical and nonmedical reasons. Estimates from such approaches may represent an upper bound of what would be achievable by an adherence improvement intervention.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j5JfDP
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New Designs for New Epidemiology
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Cognitive Aging in Black and White Americans: Cognition, Cognitive Decline, and Incidence of Alzheimer Disease Dementia
Background: US-based studies have reported that older blacks perform worse than older whites on cognitive tests and have higher risk of Alzheimer disease dementia (AD). It is unclear whether these findings reflect differences in cognitive decline. Methods: The Chicago Health and Aging Project followed individuals, 65+ years old (64% black, 36% white), for up to 18 years. Participants underwent triennial cognitive assessments; stratified randomized samples underwent assessments for AD. We compared black and white participants' cognitive performance, cognitive decline rate (N = 7,735), and AD incidence (N = 2,144), adjusting for age and sex. Results: Black participants performed worse than white participants on the cognitive tests; 441 participants developed AD. Black participants' incident AD risk was twice that of whites (RR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.4, 2.7), with 58 excess cases/1,000 occurring among blacks (95% CI, 28, 88). Among noncarriers of APOE ε4, blacks had 2.3 times the AD risk (95% CI, 1.5, 3.6), but among carriers, race was not associated with risk (RR = 1.1; 95% CI, 0.6, 2.0; Pinteraction = 0.05). However, cognitive decline was not faster among blacks: the black-white difference in 5-year change in global cognitive score was 0.007 standard unit (95% CI, −0.034, 0.047). Years of education accounted for a sizable portion of racial disparities in cognitive level and AD risk, in analyses using a counterfactual approach. Conclusions: The higher risk of AD among blacks may stem from lower level of cognitive test performance persisting throughout the observation period rather than faster rate of late-life cognitive decline. Disparities in educational attainment may contribute to these performance disparities. See video abstract at, http://ift.tt/2j4wbPi.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j6NfUX
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Estimating Causal Effects of Treatment in a Randomized Trials When Some Participants Only Partially Adhere
The intention-to-treat analysis evaluates the causal effect of treatment assignment in a randomized controlled trial; however, participants do not always adhere to assigned treatment and the intention-to-treat effect may differ from the effect of treatment receipt. Although more recent adherence-based methods assess a well-defined causal effect of receiving treatment, adherence is assumed to be dichotomized as all or none. This approach can lack precision in the real world because adherence is a complex and heterogeneous phenomenon. In this article, we illustrate a simple method that provides estimates of bounds on the causal effect of full adherence to treatment in the presence of partial adherence. We first define three types of partial adherence (delayed, partial-dose, posttreatment). We then use casual diagrams to show that categorizing partial adherence as nonadherence in a sensitivity analysis can lead to a violation of the exclusion restriction principle. Finally, we apply recently published sensitivity analyses related to principal stratification that allow for creating bound estimates around the causal effect of treatment in the presence of partial adherence.from ! ORL Sfakianakis via paythelady.61 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2j6MYkT
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2017 Highlights
Patient Success Stories Otorhinolaryngology And Neurosurgery Team Up To Maximize The Outcome For A Patient With Pituitary Tumor Virtual Presurgical... Read the full article...
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Association of circulating progenitor cells with angiotensin II in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients
Association of circulating progenitor cells with angiotensin II in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients
Association of circulating progenitor cells with angiotensin II in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/s41371-017-0020-3
Association of circulating progenitor cells with angiotensin II in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients
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Ceftriaxone-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Canada, 2017
A. R. Katz
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Memories of Dr. Dino Colombo
I went to the dentist this week. I had eaten a piece of hard chocolate and along with the extra calories, I ended up with a broken crown - the kind that replaces a tooth.
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What you should know about hairy tongue
In this article we look at hairy tongue, a condition resulting in a discolored and furry appearance of the tongue, as well as prevention and treatments.
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Aggressive lymphoma 2016: revision of the WHO classification
Summary
Aggressive lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies reflecting clinical, biological and pathological diversity. Diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma is the most common histological subtype and therefore will constitute the key aspect in this article. This lymphoma affects patients of all age groups with wide range presentations concerning localization, morphology and molecular mechanisms. The median age at presentation is about 60 years with a slight male preponderance. Up to 50% of patients present with advanced disease. About 70% of these lymphomas occur nodal, about 30% extranodal, the most common sites of the latter being the gastrointestinal tract, Waldeyer's ring, skin, cerebrum, mediastinum, testis, salivary gland, thyroid and bone. However, diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma can involve virtually any organ.Since the last WHO classification 2008 the adoption of new genomic technologies has provided new insights into the biology of these lymphomas and led to the identification of distinct separate molecular entities and novel pathogenic pathways. These findings induced an expanding number of entities in the new WHO classification of 2016, the knowledge of which is essential concerning treatment options and survival of the patients. Therefore, the clinicians request an accurate diagnosis from the investigating pathologist, which can be quite challenging. The diagnosis of lymphomas requires multiple immunohistochemical studies, and often additional tests, such as fluorescent in situ hybridization and/or polymerase chain reaction techniques and occasionally, in particular cases, next generation sequencing for identification of recurrent somatic mutations. This review summarizes relevant aspects of the new WHO classification in aggressive B‑cell lymphomas, especially from a haematopathologist's point of view.
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Association of Hearing Loss and Otologic Outcomes With Fibrous Dysplasia
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Association of Lymph Node Density With Survival in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
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Asymptomatic Septal Mass
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Characterization of the B-cell receptor repertoires in peanut allergic subjects undergoing oral immunotherapy
Characterization of the B-cell receptor repertoires in peanut allergic subjects undergoing oral immunotherapy
Characterization of the B-cell receptor repertoires in peanut allergic subjects undergoing oral immunotherapy, Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/s10038-017-0364-0
Characterization of the B-cell receptor repertoires in peanut allergic subjects undergoing oral immunotherapy
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A commentary on band-like calcification with simplified gyration and polymicrogyria: report of 10 new families and identification of five novel OCLN mutations
A commentary on band-like calcification with simplified gyration and polymicrogyria: report of 10 new families and identification of five novel OCLN mutations
A commentary on band-like calcification with simplified gyration and polymicrogyria: report of 10 new families and identification of five novel <i>OCLN</i> mutations, Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/s10038-017-0390-y
A commentary on band-like calcification with simplified gyration and polymicrogyria: report of 10 new families and identification of five novel OCLN mutations
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Table of Contents
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Volume 124, Issue 6
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Letter to the editor: Comments in relation to the CPC case entitled: “Submucosal nodule in buccal mucosa” Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016;122:660-665.1
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Ciro Dantas Soares, Román Carlos
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Predictors of obturator functioning and satisfaction in turkish maxillectomy patients using an obturator prosthesis
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Meltem Ozdemir-Karatas, Ali Balik, Gulumser Evlioglu, Ömer Uysal, Kadriye Peker
ObjectiveTo determine the socio-demographic, behavioral and clinical factors affecting obturator function and satisfaction using the Obturator Functioning Scale (OFS) in maxillectomy patients rehabilitated with obturator prostheses.Material and methodsStudy sample consisted 41 maxillectomy patients. The OFS was translated and adapted into Turkish for assessing obturator functioning and patient satisfaction. Data were collected from patients' medical records and self-completed questionnaires, including the Turkish version of the OFS, socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and backward stepwise multiple linear regression were used for data analysis.ResultsInternal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.85) and test-retest reliability (Intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.86) were acceptable for the OFS. The most frequently reported problem was "difficulty in chewing". Bivariate analysis revealed significant differences in total OFS scores in terms of surgery type, defect size, and education level, except for the other clinical and socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral factors. Education level and surgery type were found to be the most important predictors of patient satisfaction and obturator functioning.ConclusionThe Turkish version of the OFS might be a useful tool for clinicans to identify the patients who are at risk for poor obturator functioning and satisfaction as well as their unmet needs.
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Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders discovered incidentally during routine dental examination using the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Wael M. Talaat, Omar I. Adel, Saad Al Bayatti
ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) discovered incidentally during routine dental examination, identify disease patterns, and evaluate patients' attitude toward accepting treatment.Study designA total of 3009 subjects were examined at the University Dental Hospital Sharjah. Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD) Axes I and II were used for assessment. Subjects with acute/serious dysfunction symptoms underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination. MRI was used to confirm the diagnosis of disc displacement.ResultsNon-self-reported TMD prevalence was 10.8% (n=325). Among TMD patients, the disorders were diagnosed more in women (65.85%) (p<0.05), and between the ages of 25 and 45 (65.54%) (p<0.05). Axis I assessment revealed disc displacement with reduction (group IIa) was the most common (40.92%). Axis II chronic pain grade (CPG) showed 32.62% of TMD patients experienced chronic pain, whereas 66.77% had mild disability. Interest to pursue treatment was indicated by 92.31% of patients. CBCT and MRI assessment changed the primary diagnosis in 26.08% and 18.47% of cases, respectively.ConclusionsTMD screening during routine dental examination led to the diagnosis of non-self-reported TMD, most commonly related to disc displacement with reduction. Radiographic assessment was important to confirm TMD diagnosis. Patients diagnosed with TMD during dental screening expressed interest in pursuing treatment.
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Editorial Board
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Volume 124, Issue 6
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Khat and synthetic cathinones: emerging drugs of abuse with dental implications
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Worku Abebe
The rising global availability of the stimulant and euphoric substances, khat and synthetic cathinones, has become a cause for concern in many countries, including the US. Both substances are illegal in US, although this has not deterred the use. Besides central nervous system effects, these drugs also cause sympathomimetic and oro-dental adverse effects, similar to those of amphetamine. While synthetic cathinones are more stronger than khat in most cases, the latter additionally contains tannins, which have astringent effects on tissues components, including in the oral cavity. Recognizing the use prevalence and reported oro-dental adverse effects of khat and synthetic cathinones, dental practitioners should be more familiar with these substances in order to optimally treat and educate their patients abusing them. This paper reviews the pharmacology and adverse effects of khat and synthetic cathinones, along with the extent of their use in US, with particular emphasis on dental implications.
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Reply to the letter to the editor
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Jesca Silva, Priscila Andrade, Bruno Sotto-Maior, Neuza Assis, Karina Lopes Devito
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Acknowledgement of reviewers 2017
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2017
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
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Inflammatory reaction of the anterior dorsal tongue presumably to sodium lauryl sulfate within toothpastes: a triple case report.
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Ronald S. Brown, Langston Smith, Alison L. Glascoe
BackgroundSodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) is a popular surface active agent ingredient within toothpastes, known for its foaming action. Surface active agents increase the effectiveness of toothpastes with respect to dental plaque removal. SLS is a known irritant and also has allergenic potential. The authors report three patients with oral pain secondary to inflammation of the dorsal anterior tongue. These patients were all using toothpastes with SLS as an ingredient.ResultsThe dorsal tongue lesions and oral pain resolved upon switching to toothpastes without SLS as an ingredient.ConclusionsClinicians should be aware of the potential of SLS within toothpastes to cause oral mucosal inflammatory reactions of the anterior dorsal tongue. To our knowledge, these are the first case reports of oral mucosal inflammatory reactions of the anterior dorsal tongue associated with SLS containing toothpastes.
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DNA methylation polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array of apoptosis-related genes in pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Volume 124, Issue 6
Author(s): Núbia Braga Pereira, Ana Carolina de Melo do Carmo, Kelma Campos, Sara Ferreira dos Santos Costa, Marina Gonçalves Diniz, Ricardo Santiago Gomez, Carolina Cavalieri Gomes
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the DNA methylation profile in 22 apoptosis-related genes in pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) of the salivary glands, in comparison with normal salivary glands (NSGs), and to address the differences in methylation patterns between smaller and larger tumors. Additionally, we investigated if the hypermethylation of differentially methylated genes between NSGs and PAs impacted the messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription.DesignTwenty-three fresh PA samples and 12 NSG samples were included. The PA samples were divided into 2 groups: PAs with clinical size larger than 2 cm (n = 12) and PAs with clinical size 2 cm or smaller (n = 11). DNA methylation at the promoter region of a panel of 22 genes involved in apoptosis was profiled by using a human apoptosis DNA methylation polymerase chain reaction array, and the transcriptional levels of genes showing differential methylation profiles between PAs and NSGs were assessed.ResultsTNFRSF25 and BCL2 L11 were highly methylated in PAs, in comparison with NSGs, irrespective of tumor size. However, no difference could be observed in the mRNA transcription between PAs and NSGs.ConclusionsHypermethylation of the proapoptotic genes BCL2 L11 and TNFRSF25 is observed in PA. However, this phenomenon did not impact mRNA transcription.
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Multifocal occurrence of intraoral isolated MS in a patient without leukemic presentation: a case report and literature review
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Yanxin Shen, Lei Zhao, Yafei Wu, Ping Huang
Myeloid sarcoma (MS), also referred to as chloroma or granulocytic sarcoma, is a rare extramedullary malignant tumor composed of immature myeloid cells. MS usually occurs with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), myeloproliferative neoplasm, or myelodysplastic syndrome, or as a recurrence of AML; however, MS may occasionally present isolated, without current or previous peripheral blood or bone marrow involvement. The oral and maxillofacial MS, especially isolated, is extremely rare, and the clinical manifestations are diverse and usually non-specific. Here we report a rare case of isolated nonleukemic MS involving the gingivae, mucosa of the left maxillary edentulate region and the adjacent hard palate. The pertinent literature was also reviewed to provide additional clarification on the clinicopathologic characteristics, differential diagnosis, treatment regimens and prognosis of oral and maxillofacial isolated MS.
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Evaluation of clinical and radiographic indices as predictors of osteoporotic fractures: a 10-year longitudinal study
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Grethe Jonasson, Valter Sundh, Magnus Hakeberg, Margareta Ahlqwist, Lauren Lissner, Dominique Hange
ObjectivesTo evaluate two radiographic and three clinical indices as predictors of future osteoporotic fractures.Study designIn a prospective, longitudinal study with a 10-year fracture follow-up, the two radiographic indices, mandibular cortical erosion (normal, mild/moderate erosion, and severe erosion of the inferior cortex) and cortex thickness, were assessed using panoramic radiographs of 411 women, aged 62-78 years. The clinical indices were the fracture assessment tool, FRAX(R), the osteoporosis index of risk, OSIRIS, and the osteoporosis self-assessment tool, OST.ResultsThe relative risks (RR) for future fracture were significant for FRAX(R)>15%, 4.1 (95% CI: 2.4-7.2), and for severely eroded cortices, 1.7 (95% CI: 1.1-2.8). Cortical thickness <3mm, OSIRIS, and OST were not significant fracture predictors (RR 1.1, 1.4, and 1.5 respectively). For the five tested fracture predictors, Fisher's exact test gave the following p-values for differences between fractured and non-fractured groups: FRAX( R) <0.001, cortical erosion 0.023, OST 0.078, OSIRIS 0.206, and cortical thickness 0.678. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.69 for FRAX(R)>15%, 0.58 for cortical erosion, and 0.52 for cortical thickness. Adding OSIRIS and OST did not change AUC significantly.ConclusionFRAX(R) and severely eroded cortices predicted fracture but cortical thickness, OSIRIS, and OST did not.
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It is not about lip retraction
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Sze Lok Lau
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Assessment of alveolar bone marrow fat content using 15T MRI
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Arthur Rodriguez Gonzalez Cortes, Ouri Cohen, Ming Zhao, Eduardo Massaharu Aoki, Rodrigo Alves Ribeiro, Lina Abu Nada, Claudio Costa, Emiko Saito Arita, Faleh Tamimi, Jerome L. Ackerman
ObjectivesBone marrow fat is inversely correlated with bone mineral density. The aim of this study is to present a method to quantify alveolar bone marrow fat content using a 15T MRI scanner.Study DesignA 15T MRI scanner with a 13-mm ID loop-gap radiofrequency coil was used to scan seven 3 mm diameter alveolar bone biopsy specimens. A 3D gradient-echo (GRE) T1-weighted pulse sequence was chosen to obtain images. All images were obtained with a voxel size (58 µm3) sufficient to resolve trabecular spaces. Automated volume of the bone marrow fat content and derived bone volume fraction (BV/TV) were calculated. Results were compared with actual BV/TV obtained from micro-CT scans.ResultsMean fat tissue volume was 20.1 ± 11%. There was a significantly strong inverse correlation between fat tissue volume and BV/TV (r = –0.68, p = 0.045). Furthermore, there was a strong agreement between BV/TV derived from MRI and obtained with Micro-CT (ICC = 0.92, p = 0.001).ConclusionBone marrow fat of small alveolar bone biopsy specimens can be quantified with sufficient spatial resolution using an ultra-high-field MRI scanner and a T1-weighted pulse sequence.
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Accuracy of biomarkers obtained from cone beam computed tomography in assessing the internal trabecular structure of the mandibular condyle
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Volume 124, Issue 6
Author(s): Fouad H. Ebrahim, Antonio C.O. Ruellas, Beatriz Paniagua, Erika Benavides, Karl Jepsen, Larry Wolford, Joao Roberto Goncalves, Lucia H.S. Cevidanes
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to validate the ability of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to measure condylar internal trabecular bone structure and bone texture parameters accurately.Study DesignSixteen resected condyles of individuals undergoing temporomandibular joint replacement were collected and used as samples. These condyles were then radiographically imaged by using clinically oriented dental CBCT and research oriented micro–computed tomography (micro-CT). The CBCT scans were then compared with the gold standard micro-CT scans in terms of 21 bone imaging parameters. Descriptive histologic investigation of the specimens was also performed.ResultsSignificant correlations were found for several imaging parameters between the CBCT and micro-CT images, including trabecular thickness (r = 0.92), trabecular separation (r = 0.78), bone volume (r = 0.90), bone surface area (r = 0.79), and degree of anisotropy measurements (r = 0.77).ConclusionsMeasurements of trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, bone volume, bone surface area, and degree of anisotropy obtained from high-resolution dental CBCT images may be suitable bone imaging biomarkers that can be utilized clinically and in future research.
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Reply to the Letter to the Editor: Comments in relation to the CPC case entitled:
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Natália Batista Daroit, Bruna Jalfim Maraschin, Vinícius Coelho Carrard, Pantelis Varvaki Rados, Fernanda Visioli
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A symptomatic swelling of the upper lip
Publication date: Available online 17 November 2017
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Ana Carolina Uchoa Vasconcelos, Adriano Mota Loyola, Ana Paula Neutzling Gomes, Vera Cavalcanti de Araújo, Sandra Beatriz Chaves Tarquínio, Felipe Martins Silveira, Maria Cássia Ferreira de Aguiar
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Announcement
Publication date: December 2017
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Volume 124, Issue 6
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Anticoagulants are dental friendly
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Michael J. Wahl, Craig S. Miller, Nelson L. Rhodus, Peer Kämmerer, Atanaska Dinkova, Rajesh V. Lalla, Branislav V. Bajkin
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ANCA-Negative Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Presenting with Hypertrophic Cranial Pachymeningitis, Abducens Nerve Palsy, and Stenosis of the Internal Carotid Artery
We report a rare case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) presenting with hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (HCP), abducens nerve palsy, and stenosis of the internal carotid artery (ICA). A 59-year-old Japanese man presented with a year history of nasal obstruction and a 2-month history of slight headache. Histopathological examination of the granulomatous mucosa in the ethmoid sinuses resected by endoscopic sinus surgery revealed necrotizing vasculitis with multinucleated giant cells. The patient was diagnosed with the limited form of GPA as a result of the systemic examination. He declined immunosuppressive treatment. Eighteen months after the diagnosis of GPA, he presented with diplopia and severe headache. Though nasal findings indicating GPA were not observed in the nasal cavity, CT scan revealed a lesion of the right sphenoid sinus eroding the bone of the clivus. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the brain showed thickening of the dura mater around the right cavernous sinus and clivus. Magnetic resonance angiography and cerebral angiography revealed narrowing at the C5 portion of the ICA. Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone and cyclophosphamide resolved headache and dramatically improved HCP and stenosis of the ICA.
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Cormac McCarthy and performance: page, stage, screen
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Refitted dental clinic provides a more convenient experience
Flexibility is the theme of Southland Hospital's refitted dental clinic which can be used to treat patients of all ages and levels of ability. The hospital has a dental department which primarily treats patients with serious physical and medical disabilities who are unable to access care in private dental practice.
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Handbook of Venous Thromboembolism
 |  | A clinically oriented handbook providing up-to-date recommendations for mastering the practical aspects of patient management for venous thromboembolism Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with high morbidity and mortality both in and out of the hospital setting, and is one of the commonest reasons for hospital attendances and admissions. Designed as a practical resource, the Handbook of Venous Thromboembolism Read More... |
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Manual of Clinical Procedures in Dentistry
 | | A definitive manual covering everything you need to know about the core procedures in dentistry The Manual of Clinical Procedures in Dentistrycomprehensively explains the core procedures in dentistry, how to do them, and the rationale that underpins them. Full of useful and easy-to-access information, it acts as a compendium of practical procedures in primary dental care, supporting students and dental practitioners in their daily professional and Read More... |
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Identification of novel alleles associated with insulin resistance in childhood obesity using pooled-DNA genome wide association study approach
Identification of novel alleles associated with insulin resistance in childhood obesity using pooled-DNA genome wide association study approach
Identification of novel alleles associated with insulin resistance in childhood obesity using pooled-DNA genome wide association study approach, Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.293
Identification of novel alleles associated with insulin resistance in childhood obesity using pooled-DNA genome wide association study approach
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No evidence of white adipocyte browning after endurance exercise training in obese men
No evidence of white adipocyte browning after endurance exercise training in obese men
No evidence of white adipocyte browning after endurance exercise training in obese men, Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.295
No evidence of white adipocyte browning after endurance exercise training in obese men
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Dietary sugar intake was associated with increased body fatness, but decreased cardiovascular mortality in Chinese elderly—An 11-year prospective study of Mr. and Ms. OS Hong Kong
Dietary sugar intake was associated with increased body fatness, but decreased cardiovascular mortality in Chinese elderly—An 11-year prospective study of Mr. and Ms. OS Hong Kong
Dietary sugar intake was associated with increased body fatness, but decreased cardiovascular mortality in Chinese elderly—An 11-year prospective study of Mr. and Ms. OS Hong Kong, Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.292
Dietary sugar intake was associated with increased body fatness, but decreased cardiovascular mortality in Chinese elderly—An 11-year prospective study of Mr. and Ms. OS Hong Kong
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Response to ‘How much does the addiction-like eating behaviour scale add to the debate regarding food versus eating addictions?’
Response to 'How much does the addiction-like eating behaviour scale add to the debate regarding food versus eating addictions?'
Response to 'How much does the addiction-like eating behaviour scale add to the debate regarding food versus eating addictions?', Published online: 30 November 2017; doi:10.1038/ijo.2017.291
Response to 'How much does the addiction-like eating behaviour scale add to the debate regarding food versus eating addictions?'
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Oral Cancer Rapid Test Kit Market Rugged Expansion Foreseen by 2024 MilTech Oral cancer is one of the largest group of cancers ...
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