Early Predictive Response to Multi-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Refractory Radioactive-Iodine Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A New Challenge for [(18)F]FDG PET/CT

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Early Predictive Response to Multi-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Refractory Radioactive-Iodine Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A New Challenge for [(18)F]FDG PET/CT Via radioactive iodine Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Aug 5;11(8):1417. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11081417. ABSTRACT Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) represents the most common thyroid cancer histotype. Generally, it exhibits a good prognosis after conventional treatments; nevertheless, about 20% of patients can develop a local recurrence and/or distant metastasis. In one-third of advanced DTC, the metastatic lesions lose the ability to take up iodine and become radioactive iodine-refractory (RAI-R) DTC. In this set of patients, the possibility to perform localized treatments should always be taken into consideration before the initiation of systemic therapy. In the last decade, some multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (MKI) drugs were approved for advanced DTC, impacting on patient's survival rate, but at the same time, these therapies have been associated with several adverse events. In this clinical context, the role of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) in the early treatment response to these innovative therapies was investigated, in order to assess the potentiality of this diagnostic tool in the early recognition of non-responders, avoiding unnecessary therapy. Herein, we aimed to present a critical overview about the reliability of [18F]FDG PET/CT in the early predictive response to MKIs in advanced differentiated thyroid cancer. PMID:34441351 | DOI:10.3390/diagnostics11081417 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Chimeric Anterolateral Thigh Flap in Skull Base Reconstruction: A Case-Based Update and Literature Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Chimeric Anterolateral Thigh Flap in Skull Base Reconstruction: A Case-Based Update and Literature Review Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Brain Sci. 2021 Aug 17;11(8):1076. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11081076. ABSTRACT Oncologic and traumatic neurosurgery may have to cope with the issue of skull base defects, which are associated with increased risk of meningitis, epidural abscess and cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) leak. The aim of skull base reconstruction is to repair the dural exposure and to separate the intracranial contents from the nonsterile sino-nasal cavities and extracranial space. Currently, many different surgical techniques have been described, and one of the most performed is the use free flap. In the present paper we performed a case-based update and literature review of the use of chimeric anterolateral thigh free flap harvested from rectus femoris, reporting the case of a 68-year-old man with recurrent spheno-ethmoidalis plane meningioma. PMID:34439694 | DOI:10.3390/brainsci11081076 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Ototoxicity and Teprotumumab

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Ototoxicity and Teprotumumab Via otol rhinol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Aug 27:34894211042740. doi: 10.1177/00034894211042740. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Teprotumumab, a novel monoclonal antibody, targets the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor. IGF-1 receptors, found in muscle and fat adjacent to the eye and implicated in Graves Ophthalmopathy, are also in the cochlea. In clinical trials, 5 participants reported self-limited audiologic symptoms but there are no objective data in the lite rature. The aim of this report is to describe one of the first known cases of teprotumumab-induced irreversible sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS: Case report at a tertiary referral center. RESULTS: A 61 year old female with Graves ophthalmopathy presented with bilateral hearing loss, sound distortion, and tinnitus following treatment with teprotumumab. Audiogram showed mild sloping to moderately-severe sensorineural hearing loss. Repeat audiometry obtained 4 months after cessation of teprotumumab and treatment with oral corticosteroids was unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first descriptive cases of ototoxicity resulting in irreversible sensorineural hearing loss in the setting of treatment with teprotumumab. Periodic audiologic evaluations should be recommended to patients on teprotumumab. PMID:34448414 | DOI:10.1177/00034894211042740 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Case of Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome Treated With 5-FU

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Case of Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome Treated With 5-FU Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Aug 27:1455613211038391. doi: 10.1177/01455613211038391. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT The rarity of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome, or orofacial granulomatosis, can present with persistent midface bogginess. The management for previous reported cases has included corticosteroid injections, antihistamines, and antibiotics. In the current reported case, the patient was treated with 5-fluorouracil and has been responding positively. Additionally, the p atient has not shown signs of steroid atrophy. PMID:34448401 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211038391 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Imperial Epistaxis and Edema: Insights into the Death of the Roman Emperor Hadrian

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Imperial Epistaxis and Edema: Insights into the Death of the Roman Emperor Hadrian Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Aug 27:1455613211042120. doi: 10.1177/01455613211042120. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34448409 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211042120 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Relevance of perimarginal nodes for head and neck cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Relevance of perimarginal nodes for head and neck cancer Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Aug 27. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07056-1. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of metastasis in the perimarginal nodes (PMNs) (also known as perifacial, preglandular and retroglandual nodes) in head and neck cancer. METHODS: We recruited 136 patients affected by cancers of the oral cavity, lip, oropharynx, skin and by cáncer of unknown primary (CUP), who were candidates for level IB dissection. PMNs were identified and sent separately for histological analysis. Correlation between metastasis to the PMNs and characteristics of the primary tumour were reported. RESULTS: The incidence of metastasis was 17% from oral cancer, 50% from lip cancer and 12.5% from skin cancer. No metastases were reported for oropharynx cancer or CUP. The only factor that correlated with the incidence of metastases was origin of the tumour from the upper part of oral cavity. CONCL USION: PMNs represent a frequent site of metastasis in oral and lip cancers. In cancer of the oropharynx, their involvement has not been not reported, while their role in skin cancers remains to be clarified. PMID:34448944 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07056-1 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

German-language versions of the Tinnitus Functional Index : Comparison of the two validated German-language versions of the Tinnitus Functional Index for Switzerland and Germany

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader German-language versions of the Tinnitus Functional Index : Comparison of the two validated German-language versions of the Tinnitus Functional Index for Switzerland and Germany Via hno HNO. 2021 Aug 27. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01099-w. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Two validated German-language versions of the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) exist, one for Switzerland and one for Germany. The TFI is considered to be a possible new standard questionnaire for evaluation of tinnitus severity and tinnitus treatment. OBJECTIVE: Considering the standardization taking place in tinnitus evaluation, our aim was to compare the two German-language TFI versions and to recommend only one TFI version in the German-speaking area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The two German-language TFI versions were compared in a multicenter and randomized online questionnaire study with a crossover design. RESULTS: The total score of the two TFI versions did not differ in the total population. However, when further divided in terms of population and order of presentation of the TFI versions, there were significant differences in some cases, albeit with only moderate effect sizes. This suggests that the two versions are slightly different but still comparable. In factor analysis for the TFI version for Germany, in the entire population as well as in the Swiss population, six factors could be extracted. In contrast, for the German and Swiss TFI versions, only five factors could be extracted in the German population, and for the Swiss TFI version, only five factors in the Swiss population. CONCLUSION: The two German-language versions of the TFI are well comparable with each other. However, the factor analysis rather argues for use of the TFI version for Germany in the entire German-speaking region. PMID:34448877 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-021-01099-w View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Follow-up II of newborn hearing screening : Evaluation of a follow-up II facility after implementation of newborn hearing screening in Germany

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Follow-up II of newborn hearing screening : Evaluation of a follow-up II facility after implementation of newborn hearing screening in Germany Via hno HNO. 2021 Aug 27. doi: 10.1007/s00106-021-01098-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: With the implementation of newborn hearing screening, evaluation in terms of quality and goal achievement was required. The present study evaluates a follow-up II facility from 2009 to 2016. METHODS: Data of 2705 newborns were retrospectively evaluated. The annual number of patients was analyzed, as well as the median age at first presentation, at diagnosis, and at treatment, each according to the reason for presentation and the diagnosis. RESULTS: From 2009 to 2016, the number of presented newborns increased by 91.4%. Newborns with abnormal initial screening or risk factors were presented significantly later than those for initial screening (median 5.3 and 8.0 vs. 4.6 weeks, respectively; p < 0.001). Permanently or transiently hearing-impaired patients were presented and diagnosed significantly later than those with normal hearing (age at initial presentation 6.1 and 7.6 vs. 5.4 weeks, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively; age at diagnosis 11.4 and 23.1 vs. 5.9 weeks, respectively; p < 0.001). Permanent hearing loss was treated at the age of 14.1 weeks. From 2009 to 2014, the age at first presentation and at diagnosis increased and subsequently mostly decreased until 2016. CONCLUSION: The age at first presentation and at diagnosis depends on the reason for presentation and on the diagnosis. Despite increasing patient numbers, th e Joint Federal Committee (Gemeinsame Bundesausschuss, G‑BA) targets were met due to effective and efficient organizational structuring of the follow-up II facility. However, early admission to a follow-up II facility is a prerequisite for the success of newborn hearing screening. PMID:34448878 | DOI:10.1007/s00106-021-01098-x View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

IL-22 alleviates the fibrosis of hepatic stellate cells via the inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader IL-22 alleviates the fibrosis of hepatic stellate cells via the inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Oct;22(4):1088. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10522. Epub 2021 Jul 30. ABSTRACT Persistent and progressive liver injury causes liver fibrosis due to the inability of the liver to regenerate. Interleukin (IL)-22 serves an important role in liver fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism by which IL-22 exerts its effects on liver fibrosis has not been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanism by which IL-22 affects the development of liver fibrosis. Following activation of the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) using transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), HSC proliferation was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The indicators of oxidative stress were detected using specific kits. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of fibrosis-associated genes were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, re spectively. Subsequently, the protein expression levels of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1 and IL-1β were examined using western blotting. Following addition of Nigericin, a NLRP3 activator, the levels of oxidative stress and fibrosis were measured. IL-22 increased the viability of HSCs, which were activated by TGF-β. The malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased, whereas superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels were increased following IL-22 treatment. Moreover, IL-22 markedly downregulated the expression levels of fibrosis-associated genes, including α-smooth muscle actin, type I collagen and TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1. Furthermore, the expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β were decreased in the IL-22-treated groups. However, the NLRP3 activator Nigericin reversed the inhibitory effects of IL-22 on the induction of oxidative stress and fibrosis of HSCs induced by TGF-β. In conclusion, the present study indicated that IL-22 alle viated the fibrosis of HSCs by inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, which may provide further insight on the underlying mechanism by which IL-22 exerts protective effects on liver fibrosis. PMID:34447480 | PMC:PMC8355699 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10522 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Involvement of COL5A2 and TGF-β1 in pathological scarring

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Involvement of COL5A2 and TGF-β1 in pathological scarring Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Oct;22(4):1067. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10501. Epub 2021 Jul 27. ABSTRACT Dysregulation in the cutaneous wound-healing process is a consequence of alterations in the efficiency and activity of the various components involved in the healing process. This dysregulation may result in various clinical appearances of a lesion, such as skin ulcers, keloids, hypertrophic and atrophic scars. The collagen type V alpha 2 (COL5A2) gene provides a template for a component of type V collagen, found primarily within the skin basement membrane. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is involved in inflammation, angiogenesis, proliferation of fibroblasts, collagen synthesis and extracellular matrix remodeling. Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts possess a disrupted expression pattern of the TGF-β signaling compared to normal healing, while an increased TGF-β signaling reduces the epidermal proliferation rate, triggering atrophic scarr ing. In the present study, 71 female patients who had undergone planned Caesarean section, without postoperative complications, were examined. These patients were clinically and molecularly evaluated after developing scars in order to determine the role of TGF-β1 (rs201700967 and rs200230083) and COL5A2 (rs369072636) in pathological scarring. Clinical scar evaluation was carried out using SCAR and POSAS scales and genotyping was performed by RT-PCR. No statistical differences were found between the subgroups regarding the genotype and the pathological scarring, since all the patients included were wild-type allele carriers. Further investigations and a more representative study group may highlight the involvement of COL5A2 and TGF-β1 single nucleotide variants in pathological scarring. PMID:34447460 | PMC:PMC8355659 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10501 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

MicroRNA-18a-5p regulates the Warburg effect by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in the K562/ADM cell line

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader MicroRNA-18a-5p regulates the Warburg effect by targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in the K562/ADM cell line Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Oct;22(4):1069. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10503. Epub 2021 Jul 28. ABSTRACT The Warburg effect is involved in drug resistance and recurrence of cancer, and poses a challenge for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) plays a key role in the Warburg effect. microRNAs (miRs) targeting HIF-1α have potential of regulating such aberrant metabolic process. The present study demonstrated that miR-18a-5p was expressed at a low level in K562/ADM cells via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results of the luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-18a-5p could specifically bind the 3'-untranslated region of HIF-1α. Through RT-qPCR and western blotting, it was revealed that miR-18a-5p downregulated the expression of HIF-1α. By inhibiting HIF-1α, miR-18a-5p suppressed aerobic glycolysis in K562/ADM cells, according to the results produced by glucose uptake , lactate production, pyruvate level and ATP synthesis measurement, along with the results obtained from extracellular acidification rate and oxygen consumption rate assays. These results provided new evidence that miR-18a-5p may suppress the Warburg effect by targeting HIF-1α. Furthermore, via CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays, cells transfected with miR-18a-5p mimics were more sensitive to Adriamycin (AMD) compared with AMD group. Reversing the Warburg effect by miR-30a-5p might provide a potential therapeutic strategy for CML. PMID:34447462 | PMC:PMC8355681 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10503 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.