Asiatic acid improves high-fat-diet-induced osteoporosis in mice via regulating SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling and inhibiting oxidative stress

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Asiatic acid improves high-fat-diet-induced osteoporosis in mice via regulating SIRT1/FOXO1 signaling and inhibiting oxidative stress Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2022 Mar 1:18446. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-446. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Asiatic acid can attenuate osteoporosis through suppressing adipogenic differentiation and osteoclastic differentiation. Oxidative stress enhances osteoclastic differentiation but represses osteogenic differentiation to promote osteoporosis. However, the role and mechanism of asiatic acid in osteoporosis have not been reported. Firstly, mice were fed with high-fat-diet (HFD) with or without asiatic acid for 16 weeks. Data from an automatic biochemical analyzer showed that HFD induced down-regulation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and an increase of serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). However, asiatic acid administration attenuated the decrease of HDL and increase of serum TG, TC and LDL in osteoporotic mice. Secondly, HFD induced high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxyg en species (ROS), low levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in osteoporotic mice. However, the levels of MDA, ROS, SOD and GSH-Px in osteoporotic mice were reversed by asiatic acid administration. (this section is unclear and requires revision) Asiatic acid administration reduced expression of c-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX-1), enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) in HFD-induced osteoporotic mice. (this section is unclear and requires revision) Thirdly, asiatic acid promoted calcium deposition in bone marrow cells and osteogenic differentiation in osteoporotic mice, but decreased ALP in bone marrow cells. Lastly, asiatic acid enhanced SIRT1 and nuclear FOXO1 (Nu-FOXO1) expression, while it reduced Acetyl FOXO1 (Ac-FOXO1) in osteoporotic mice. In conclusion, asiatic acid might inhibit oxidative stress and promote osteogenic differentiation through activating SIRT1/FOXO1 to attenuate HFD-induc ed osteoporosis in mice. PMID:35229281 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-446 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison Between Different Approaches Applied in Pediatric Adenoidectomy: A Network Meta-Analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison Between Different Approaches Applied in Pediatric Adenoidectomy: A Network Meta-Analysis Via otol rhinol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2022 Feb 28:34894221081612. doi: 10.1177/00034894221081612. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Adenoidectomy is a surgical procedure most frequently performed by otolaryngologists. However, there are no universally accepted guidelines for the choice of the surgical approach in specific circumstances. Therefore, a network meta-analysis (NMA) is needed to summarize existing studies and provide more evidence-based medical guidelines. METH ODS: A systematic search of the literature was conducted in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and EMBASE databases from inception to 31 July 2021. A network meta-analysis of operating time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain score, and incidence of postoperative residual tissue was performed. RESULTS: A total of 20 studies with 2329 patients were included. Four common surgical approaches, including powered vacuum shaver adenoidectomy (PVSA), plasma field ablation adenoidectomy (PFAA), curettage adenoidectomy (CUA), and suction diathermy adenoidectomy (SDA), were compared for operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain score, and incidence of postoperative residual tissue. There were no significant differences between the surgical techniques for the 3 endpoints, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and incidence of postoperative residual tissue. The data showed lower postoperative pain scores for PFAA than for CUA (MD = -3.45, 95% CI [-6.01, -0.95]). There were no significant differences in other surgical approaches for postoperative pain scores. CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences between PVSA, PFAA, CUA, and SDA for operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and incidence of postoperative residual tissue. PFAA had advantages over CUA for postoperative pain scores. PMID:35227080 | DOI:10.1177/00034894221081612 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Anatomical variations of the branches from left colic artery and middle colic artery at splenic flexure

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Anatomical variations of the branches from left colic artery and middle colic artery at splenic flexure Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2022 Mar 1. doi: 10.1007/s00276-022-02898-8. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Variations of the vasculature at splenic flexure by left colic artery (LCA) and middle colic artery (MCA) remain ambiguous. OBJECTIVES: This study aim to investigate the anatomical variations of the branches from LCA and MCA at splenic flexure area. METHODS: Using ultra-thin CT images (0.5-mm thickness), we traced LCA and MCA till their merging site with par acolic marginal arteries through maximum intensity projection (MIP) reconstruction and computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA). RESULTS: A total of 229 cases were retrospectively enrolled. LCA ascending branch approached upwards till the distal third of the transverse colon in 37.6%, reached the splenic flexure in 37.6%, and reached the lower descending colon in 23.1%, and absent in 1.7% of the cases. Areas supplied by MCA left branch and aMCA were 33.2%, 44.5% and 22.3% in the proximal, middle and distal third of transverse colon of the cases, respectively. The accessory MCA separately originated from the superior mesenteric artery was found in 17.9% of the cases. Mutual correlation was found that, when the LCA ascending branch supplied the distal transverse colon, MCA left branch tended to feed the proximal transverse colon; when the LCA ascending branch supplied the lower part of descending colon, MCA left branch was more likely to feed the distal third of transverse colon . CONCLUSIONS: Vasculature at splenic flexure by LCA and MCA varied at specific pattern. This study could add more anatomical details for vessel management in surgeries for left-sided colon cancer. PMID:35230505 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-022-02898-8 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Graves' disease in children and adolescents in Iceland

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Graves' disease in children and adolescents in Iceland Via radioactive iodine Laeknabladid. 2022 Mar;108(3):123-129. doi: 10.17992/lbl.2022.03.680. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease in which autoantibodies cause an increase in the production of thyroid hormones, and is the most common cause of thyrotoxicosis in children. Symptoms in children are often more obscure than in adults. The aim of the study is to assess the incidence of Graves' disease in children and adolescents in Iceland over the span of two decades (2001-2021), and furthermore to investigate if the incidence rate has increased, as well as to describe treatment options and disease recurrence. MATERIAL/METHODS: This retrospective descriptive study included all children diagnosed with Graves' disease in the years 2001-2021 in Iceland. Information was obtained from the Directorate of Health's drug database and from ICD-10 diagnoses at Landspítali - The National University Hospital. RESULTS: In total, 57 children and adolescents were diagnosed with Graves', the overall incidence rate was 3.5/100,000 person-years. Gender ratio was 1:2.7 (male : female) and the mean age at diagnosis was 13.6 for boys and 13.9 years for girls. Of those 12 individuals currently receiving drug therapy (21.8%), four patients have had disease relapse. Thirteen patients reached an euthyroid state with medication (23.7%), 25 received treatment with radioactive iodine (45.5%) and 5 underwent surgery (9.1%). Boys were more likely to relapse. Disease recurrence w as 31.8%. CONCLUSION: The incidence of Graves' disease did not increase during the study period. The disease was more common in girls, although the gender ratio was lower than expected. Antithyroid drugs were the first choice in treatment and radioactive iodine was the most common permanent treatment option. Disease recurrence was common. A possible relationship between the duration of the original drug therapy and disease recurrence should be investigated. PMID:35230257 | DOI:10.17992/lbl.2022.03.680 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.