IJMS, Vol. 18, Pages 1648: Targeting Apoptotic Activity Against Prostate Cancer Stem Cells

IJMS, Vol. 18, Pages 1648: Targeting Apoptotic Activity Against Prostate Cancer Stem Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms18081648

Authors: Dagmara Jaworska Ewelina Szliszka

Numerous data suggest that an increase of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor mass can be the reason for failure of conventional therapies because of their resistance. CD44+/CD24− cells are a putative cancer stem cells subpopulation in prostate cancer. TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is an activator of apoptosis in tumor cells. However, some tumors are TRAIL-resistant. Cancer cells can be re-sensitized to TRAIL induced apoptosis by a combination of TRAIL and taxanes. The aim of this work was to analyze the enhancement of the anticancer effect of TRAIL by paclitaxel, cabazitaxel and docetaxel in the whole population of PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells, but also in CD44+/CD24− prostate cancer stem cells. We examined the apoptotic effect of TRAIL and taxanes using flow cytometry and Annexin-V-PE staining. The co-treatment with taxanes and TRAIL enhanced significantly the apoptosis in CD44+/CD24− cells only in PC3 cell line but not in DU145 cells. We discovered also that taxanes can increase the expression of death receptor TRAIL-R2 in PC3 prostate cancer cells. The results of our study show that treatment with paclitaxel, cabazitaxel and docetaxel is able to enhance the apoptosis induced by TRAIL even in prostate cancer stem cells.

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GUEST COLUMN: Help others quit smoking - International Falls Journal

GUEST COLUMN: Help others quit smoking International Falls Journal If you smoke, you owe it to yourself to quit. And I believe you have an obligation to try to help others to quit. I'm doing my part by offering this unusual series of columns. No scolding or exaggerated scare tactics. I'm giving you just the facts in a ... and more »

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Tonic noradrenergic activity modulates explorative behavior and attentional set shifting: Evidence from pupillometry and gaze pattern analysis

Abstract

A constant task for every living organism is to decide whether to exploit rewards associated with current behavior or to explore the environment for more rewarding options. Current empirical evidence indicates that exploitation is related to phasic whereas exploration is related to tonic firing mode of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus. In humans, this exploration-exploitation trade-off is subserved by the ability to flexibly switch attention between task-related and task-irrelevant information. Here, we investigated whether this function, called attentional set shifting, is related to exploration and tonic noradrenergic discharge. We measured pretrial baseline pupil dilation, proved to be strongly correlated with the activity of the locus coeruleus, while human participants took part in well-known tasks of attentional set shifting. Study 1 used the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, whereas in Study 2, the Intra/Extradimensional Set Shifting Task was used. Both tasks require participants to choose between different compound stimuli based on feedback provided for their previous decisions. During the task, stimulus-reward contingencies change periodically, thus participants are repeatedly required to reassess which stimulus features are relevant (i.e., they shift their attentional set). Our results showed that baseline pupil diameter steadily decreased when the stimulus-reward contingencies were stable, whereas they suddenly increased when these contingencies changed. Analysis of looking patterns also confirmed the presence of exploratory behavior during attentional set shifting. Thus, our results suggest that tonic firing mode of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus is implicated in attentional set shifting, as it regulates the amount of exploration.

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Comorbid anxiety moderates the relationship between depression history and prefrontal EEG asymmetry

Abstract

The internalizing spectrum of psychiatric disorders—depression and anxiety—are common, highly comorbid, and challenging to treat. Individuals with childhood onset depression have a particularly poor prognosis. There is compelling evidence that individuals with depression display reduced resting-state EEG activity at sensors overlying the left prefrontal cortex, even during periods of remission, but it remains unknown whether this asymmetry is evident among individuals with a comorbid anxiety disorder. Here, we demonstrate that women with a history of childhood onset depression and no anxiety disorder (n = 37) show reduced left lateral frontal activity compared to psychiatrically healthy controls (n = 69). In contrast, women with a history of childhood onset depression and pathological levels of anxious apprehension (n = 18)—as indexed by a current generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, or separation anxiety disorder diagnosis—were statistically indistinguishable from healthy controls. Collectively, these observations suggest that anxious apprehension can mask the relationship between prefrontal EEG asymmetry and depression. These findings have implications for understanding (a) prefrontal EEG asymmetry as a neurophysiological marker of depression, (b) the comorbidity of depression and anxiety, and (c) failures to replicate the relationship between prefrontal EEG asymmetry and depression. More broadly, they set the stage for developing refined interventions for internalizing psychopathology.

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New brain death pathway in Alzheimer's disease - Science Daily

New brain death pathway in Alzheimer's disease Science Daily First, they measured RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL in a specific region of the brain that is typically ravaged by cell loss during the advance of Alzheimer's disease -- the temporal gyrus. Results showed that during necroptosis, these markers were increased in ... and more »

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Blackpool teen's rare cancer shock after tonsillitis diagnosis - Blackpool Gazette

Blackpool Gazette

Blackpool teen's rare cancer shock after tonsillitis diagnosis Blackpool Gazette The following day she was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia – cancer of the blood – and transferred to Manchester Children's Hospital. Mum-of-three Jayne, who lives with her daughter on Watson Road, said: "It was so shocking. "The first thing she ...

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World Head and Neck Cancer Day- A growing burden that can be curbed - BSI bureau (press release)

World Head and Neck Cancer Day- A growing burden that can be curbed BSI bureau (press release) Dr Vikram Kekatpure, Senior Consultant Head & Neck Surgical Oncology, Cytecare Cancer Hospitals, Bengaluru, shared his concerns on the lack of appropriate guidelines for head and neck cancer treatment in India. "Majority of the head and neck cancers in ...

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John Kelso, longtime Austin humor columnist, dead at 73 - KRGV

Austin American-Statesman

John Kelso, longtime Austin humor columnist, dead at 73 KRGV AUSTIN, Texas (AP) - John Kelso, longtime humor columnist for the Austin American-Statesman, has died in Austin at the age of 73. Kelso, who since 2015 had been battling a cancer that cost him his larynx, died Friday of complications from a recent fall ... John Kelso, longtime columnist who kept Austin chuckling, has diedMyStatesman.com all 6 news articles »

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Biological Characterization of the Biocontrol Agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CPA-8: The Effect of Temperature, pH and Water Activity on Growth, Susceptibility to Antibiotics and Detection of Enterotoxic Genes

Abstract

This work focuses on the biological understanding of the biocontrol agent Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CPA-8 in order to accomplish the characterization required in the registration process for the development of a microorganism-based product. The tolerance of CPA-8 to grow under different pH–temperature and water activity (a _w)–temperature conditions was widely demonstrated. Regarding the pH results, optimum growth at the evaluated conditions was observed at 37 °C and pH between 7 and 5. On the contrary, the slowest growth was recorded at 20 °C and pH 4.5. Moreover, the type of solute used to reduce a _w had a great influence on the minimum a _w at which the bacterium was able to grow. The lowest a _w values for CPA-8 growth in media modified with glycerol and glucose were 0.950 and 0.960, respectively. Besides, the lowest a _w for CPA-8 growth increased when the temperature decreased to 20 °C, at which CPA-8 was not able to grow at less than 0.990 a _w, regardless of the type of solute. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out to determine which antibiotic could affect the behavior of the bacteria and revealed that CPA-8 was clearly resistant to hygromycin. Finally, a PCR amplification assay to detect the presence of enterotoxic genes from Bacillus cereus in CPA-8 was also performed. CPA-8 gave negative results for all the genes tested except for nheA gene, which is not enough for the toxicity expression, suggesting that fruit treated with this antagonist will not be a potential vehicle for foodborne illnesses.

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Introducing a Novel Media to Improve the Recovery of Culturable Bacteria from the Fish Parasite Anisakis spp. larvae (Nematoda: Anisakidae)

Abstract

This paper describes a cultivation method to increase the recovery of bacteria from the marine muscle-invading parasitic nematode larvae of Anisakis spp. These larvae hold a high and complex population of accumulated bacteria, originating from seawater, crustaceans, fish, and marine mammals, all involved in the lifecycle of Anisakis. Two in-house agars based on fish juice prepared by either mechanical or enzymatic degradation of the fish tissue, were made. The Anisakis larvae were homogenised prior to cultivation on the in-house fish juice agars and the bacterial numbers and diversity were compared to those obtained applying the commercially available Marine Agar and Iron Agar Lyngby. Bacterial colonies of unique appearance were subcultured and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Totally three of twenty identified taxa were found on the in-house fish juice agars only. Fish juice agar prepared enzymatically would be the best supplementary agar, as this agar gave significantly higher heterotrophic plate counts, compared to mechanical preparation. The enzymatically prepared fish juice gave more suitable agar quality, was more resource efficient, and had apparently increased nutrient density and availability.

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The Gut Bacterial Community Composition of Wild Cervus albirostris (White-Lipped Deer) Detected by the 16S Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequencing

Abstract

Cervus albirostris (white-lipped deer) is an endemic species in China. As the name implies, C. albirostris has a characteristic pure white marking around their mouth and on the underside of the throat. The animal is a typical alpine species normally living at the height of 3500–4300 m. In this study, by pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA gene sequences, we for the first time analyzed the gut bacterial community composition in eight feces samples of wild C. albirostris. From a total of 243,634 high-quality sequences, we identified 186 genera, included in 17 prokaryotic phyla in the feces. The relative proportions of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were highly consistent in each individual sample. The most frequently detected genus was Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, ranging from 6.70 to 21.00%, displaying positively connections with the Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group. The bacterial communities associated with C. albirostris provide the basic knowledge for further microbiological studies and facilitates the conservation efforts of this vulnerable deer species.

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High Diversity of Bacterial Communities in Developmental Stages of Bactrocera carambolae (Insecta: Tephritidae) Revealed by Illumina MiSeq Sequencing of 16S rRNA Gene

Abstract

Bactrocera carambolae is a highly polyphagous fruit pest of agricultural importance. This study reports the bacterial communities associated with the developmental stages of B. carambolae. The microbiota of the developmental stages were investigated by targeted 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 region) sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq. At 97% similarity, there were 19 bacterial phyla and unassigned bacteria, comprising 39 classes, 86 orders, 159 families and 311 genera. The bacterial composition varied among the specimens of developmental stage and across developmental stages as well as exuviae. Four phyla of bacteria (with relative abundance of ≥1% in at least one specimen)—Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria—were recovered from the larva, pupa, adult stages and exuviae. Proteobacteria was the predominant phylum in all the developmental stages as well as the exuviae. Enterobacteriaceae (Proteobacteria) was the predominant family in the adult flies while the family [Weeksellaceae] (Bacteroidetes) was predominant in the larval and pupal stages. Among the genera occurring in more than one developmental stage of B. carambolae, Erwinia was more abundant in the larval stage, Halomonas more abundant in adult female, Stenotrophomonas more abundant in adult male, and Chryseobacterium more abundant in the larval and pupal stages. The results indicate transmission of bacteria OTUs from immatures to the newly emerged adults, and from exuviae to the environment.

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Survival, Intestinal Mucosa Adhesion, and Immunomodulatory Potential of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains

Abstract

Survival during transit through the gastrointestinal track, intestinal mucosa adhesion, and a potential immunomodulatory effect of Lactobacillus plantarum strains 2035 and ACA-DC 2640 were investigated in a rat model. According to microbiological and multiplex PCR analysis, both strains were detected in feces 24 h after either single-dose or daily administration for 7 days. Intestinal mucosa adhesion of L. plantarum 2035 was noted in the large intestine at 24 h after single-dose administration, while it was not detected at 48 h. Daily dosing, prolonged detection of the strain up to 48 h post-administration, and expanded adhesion to the small intestine. Adhesion of L. plantarum ACA-DC 2640 to the intestinal mucosa after single-dose administration was prolonged and more extended compared to L. plantarum 2035. Daily dosing increased both the levels and the rate of positive cultures of the strains compared to those of the single-dose scheme. In addition, both strains increased total IgG while decreased IgM and IgA serum levels. In conclusion, L. plantarum 2035 and L. plantarum ACA-DC 2640 survived transit through the gastrointestinal track, exhibited transient distinct adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and modulated the systemic immune response.

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Three New Soil-inhabiting Species of Trichoderma in the Stromaticum Clade with Test of Their Antagonism to Pathogens

Abstract

Trichoderma is a dominant component of the soil mycoflora. During the field investigations of northern, central, and southwestern China, three new species in the Stromaticum clade were encountered from soil, and named as T. hebeiense, T. sichuanense, and T. verticillatum. Their phylogenetic positions were determined by analyses of the combined two genes: partial sequences of translation elongation factor 1-alpha and the second largest RNA polymerase subunit-encoding genes. Distinctions between the new species and their close relatives were discussed. Trichoderma hebeiense appeared as a separate terminal branch. The species is distinctive by its oblong conidia and aggregated pustules in culture. Trichoderma sichuanense features in concentric colony and produces numerous clean exudates on aerial mycelium in culture. Trichoderma verticillatum is characterized by its verticillium-like synanamorph and production of abundant chlamydospores. In vitro antagonism towards the new species was tested by dual culture technique.

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Abilities of Co-cultures of Brown-Rot Fungus Fomitopsis pinicola and Bacillus subtilis on Biodegradation of DDT

Abstract

DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane) is one of the pesticides that are hazardous for the environment and human health. Effective environmental-friendly treatment using co-cultures of fungi and bacteria is needed. In this study, the bacteria Bacillus subtilis at various volumes of 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 mL (1 mL ≈ 6.7 × 10⁸ CFU) were mixed into 10 mL of the brown-rot fungus Fomitopsis pinicola culture for degrading DDT during a 7-days incubation period. DDT was degraded by approximately 42% by F. pinicola during the 7-days incubation period. The addition of 10 mL of B. subtilis into F. pinicola culture showed the highest DDT degradation of approximately 86% during the 7-days incubation period. DDD (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane), DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene), and DDMU (1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene) were detected as metabolic products from DDT degradation by co-cultures of F. pinicola and B. subtilis. Transformation pathway was proposed in which DDT was transformed into three pathways as follows: (1) dechlorination to DDD, (2) dehydrochlorination to DDE, and (3) formation of DDMU.

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Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii of Human and Animal Origins by a Gene-Specific PCR

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii is a notorious nosocomial pathogen known for its ability to cause severe infections, especially in intensive care units. The identification of a conserved gene encoding a hypothetical protein in A. baumannii isolates but not in other Acinetobacter species during a comparative genomic analysis was reported. For the purpose of this study, we call this gene, A.b_hyp gene. The aim of this study was to report the results of screening for the presence of the A.b_hyp gene in a worldwide collection of well-characterized A. baumannii collected from clinical and animal specimens. A total of 83 clinical, animal, and type strains were used. These comprised 73 A. baumannii isolates of clinical (n = 60) and animal origin (n = 13), and ten type strains, including a positive control strain, A. baumannii ATCC 19606. All isolates were examined by PCR amplification of the A.b_hyp gene. The A.b_hyp gene was detected in 72 isolates (99%) of A. baumannii but one clinical isolate failed to produce an amplicon. The control strain, A. baumannii ATCC 19606, was also positive for this gene. No bands were detected in non-A. baumannii species and therefore the isolates are thought to be negative for the gene. No bands were detected in non-A. baumannii isolates and therefore they are thought to be negative for the gene. The PCR A.b_ hyp method provides evidence that detection of this gene can be used as a reliable, easy, and low-cost biomarker for A. baumannii identification.

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Development of a Semi-nested PCR-Based Method for Specific and Rapid Detection of Alternaria solani Causing Potato Early Blight in Soil

Abstract

Early blight, caused by Alternaria solani, is one of the most devastating diseases of potato that causes severe yield loss worldwide. The infected potato debris existed in the soil serve as the initial infection sources for the next growing potato. Current identification of A. solani in soil relies primarily on cultural and morphological characteristics, which are time-consuming and inaccurate. In this study, a semi-nested PCR method was developed using primers based on internal transcribed spacer region that is specific to A. solani. 20 isolates including 6 Alternaria species and 10 other species of common potato pathogens were used to examine the specificity of the primers. The primer set ptAsQ-F/ptAs-R was highly specific to A. solani, as a product of 251 bp was amplified only from A. solani isolates and no amplification signal was observed from other tested species. The sensitivity of this method determined using A. solani genomic DNA was 10 fg. This PCR assay was also successfully employed to detect A. solani in soil with the detection sensitivity of one conidia spore in 0.5 g of soil. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of molecular detection of A. solani in soil, which provides a useful tool for early and rapid detection of early blight in soil before next growing season.

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Expanding the ‘Digital Protologue’ Database (DPD) to ‘Current Microbiology’: An Offer to Scientists and Science

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Radiological Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Anatomy: A cross-sectional study of 300 Patients

Publication date: Available online 29 July 2017
Source:Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger
Author(s): Naroa Lozano-Carrascal, Oscar Salomó-Coll, Sergio Alexandre Gehrke, José Luis Calvo-Guirado, Federico Hernández-Alfaro, Jordi Gargallo-Albiol
ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the principal anatomical characteristics of the maxillary sinus using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in order to facilitate prevention of intra- and post-operative complications.Materials and methodsThree hundred CBCT scans from patients undergoing implant surgery were analysed. The following anatomical structures were evaluated: (1) Residual ridge height (RRH) and width (RRW); (2) Ridge bone density (BD); (3) Maxillary sinus angle (MSA); (4) Maxillary sinus lateral wall thickness (LWT); (5) Schneiderian membrane thickness (MT); (6) Maxillary sinus septa (SS); (7) Posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA).ResultsMean patient age was 59.5±13.6. Mean RRH at upper second premolar (2PM) was 8.66±3.95mm, 4.90±2.28mm at first molar (1M), and 5.26±2.13mm at second molar (2M). Mean RRW was 6.72±2.69mm at 2PM, 6.87±2.65mm at 1M and 7.09±2.80mm at 2M. Bone Density was 330.93±211.02 Hounsfield Units (HU) at first molar position and MSA was 73.39±15.23°. LWT was 1.95±0.98mm. Mean Schneider Membrane thickness (MT) was 1.82±1.59mm; MT was≤3mm in 72.9% of patients and >3mm in 27.10%. 20.56% of patients presented bucco-palatal oriented septa with a mean height of 13.11±3.82mm. PSAA was observed in 48.60% and mean distance to the top of the ridge was 13.15±3.71mm, and was mostly observed inside the sinus (53.85%).ConclusionsCBCT scanning has been shown to be a useful tool for evaluating maxillary sinus anatomical variations. CBCT should be considered the gold standard when evaluating the maxillary sinus area.



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Online Embryology teaching using learning management systems appears to be a successful additional learning tool among Egyptian medical students

Publication date: Available online 29 July 2017
Source:Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger
Author(s): Ahmed Farid Al-Neklawy
Although the traditional didactic lecture is considered to be efficient for presenting information and providing explanations, it usually does not provide adequate time for deeper learning activities. So, traditional lecture is one of the most widely criticized educational methods.Virtual learning environment (VLE) is a specially designed environment that facilitates teachers' management of educational courses for their students, using computer hardware and software, which involves distance learning.In this study, we evaluated the experiment of online teaching of General Embryology for Egyptian undergraduate medical students using WizIQ learning management system.A total of 100 students were invited to submit an online survey at the end of the course to evaluate delivery of instruction, creation of an environment that supported learning, and administrative issues.Most of the students reported that they were strongly satisfied with the efficacy of the instructional methods and were strongly satisfied with the degree of clarity of the course material. They strongly accepted the page format and design of the virtual classroom and strongly agreed that the learning environment supported the learning procedure. The item of easy logging into the virtual classroom had aberrant variable responses; it recorded the lowest mean response; this variation in responses was due to technical factors as the students used different devices with different speeds of internet connections.Ninety percent of students have strongly recommended the course attendance for their fellow students.These results demonstrate that online Anatomy teaching using learning management systems appears to be a successful additional learning tool among Egyptian medical students.



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Mechanistic insight into pyrene removal by natural sepiolites

Abstract

This paper investigates the sorption characteristics and mechanisms of pyrene onto two types of natural sepiolite-brown (B-Sep) and white (W-Sep). The effects of relevant properties such as clay content, surface area, pore diameter and volume, divalent cations, and organic carbon content were investigated by single component batch adsorption systems. The results suggest that pyrene has high affinity for both sepiolite and its sorption behavior could be mainly affected by exchangeable strongly hydrated cations such as Ca²⁺ and H₂O in the zeolite-like channels and by open channel defects (OCD) structures but no so much by the large number of Si-OH groups located on the sepiolite's basal surfaces. Mesoporosity rather than surface area largely controls the sorption capacity and intensity of both sepiolites. This is shown by the increase in pore volume that exhibited the greatest increase in BET surface area. Particle size and morphological changes of both sepiolites following pyrene adsorption determined by FE-SEM showed that the sepiolite fibers are much longer than their widths, which are only several laths (several nanometers). This is a result of growth, mostly along the c-axis, at the expense of the diffusion of pyrene molecules through aqueous solution. As a consequence, a significant fibrous morphology is produced following the adsorption of pyrene by both sepiolites.

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Clinical Similarity of the Biosimilar ABP 501 Compared With Adalimumab After Single Transition: Long-Term Results From a Randomised, Double-Blind, 52-Week, Phase 3 Study in Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis Patients

Abstract

Background

ABP 501, an FDA- and EMA-approved biosimilar, is highly similar to adalimumab in structure, function, and pharmacokinetics.

Objective

Demonstrate similarity in efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of ABP 501 versus adalimumab for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Methods

Patients were randomised (1:1) to receive ABP 501 or adalimumab 40 mg every 2 weeks for 16 weeks. At Week 16, patients with ≥50% improvement from baseline in psoriasis area-and-severity index score (PASI) were eligible to continue to Week 52. Patients receiving ABP 501 continued; adalimumab patients were re-randomised (1:1) to continue adalimumab or undergo a single transition to ABP 501. Key efficacy assessments included % PASI improvement from baseline, PASI responders, and mean change in affected body surface area (BSA) from baseline to Weeks 16, 32, and 50. Safety was monitored via adverse events (AEs) and antidrug antibodies (ADAs) were assessed.

Results

308 patients were re-randomised at Week 16 (ABP 501/ABP 501, n=152; adalimumab/adalimumab, n=79; adalimumab/ABP 501, n=77). PASI percent improvements from baseline were similar across groups for Weeks 16, 32, and 50 (range: 85.8%-88.2%), with no significant differences detected across groups in percentages of PASI 50, 75, 90, and 100 responders. Changes from baseline in %BSA affected were similar across groups and timepoints. No new safety signals were detected. AEs were balanced between groups. Percentages of patients with binding and neutralizing ADAs were similar across treatments.

Conclusions

ABP 501 and adalimumab have similar clinical efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity profiles over 52 weeks, including after single transition, in this patient population.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Efficacy and Safety of Human Intravenous Immunoglobulin 10% (Panzyga®) in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases: a Two-Stage, Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label Study

Abstract

Purpose

To assess the efficacy and safety of panzyga® (intravenous immunoglobulin 10%) in preventing serious bacterial infections (SBIs) in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs), a prospective, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 study and an open-label extension study were undertaken.

Methods

Initially, the study drug (infusion rate ≤0.08 mL/kg/min) was administered at intervals of 3 or 4 weeks for 12 months, followed by 3 months of panzyga® at infusion rates increasing from 0.08 to 0.14 mL/kg/min. The primary endpoint in the main study was the rate of SBIs per patient-year on treatment. Secondary outcomes included non-serious infections, work/school absence, episodes of fever, quality of life, and adverse events (AEs).

Results

The main study enrolled 51 patients (35% female, mean age 26.8 years), with 21 participating in the extension study. The rate of SBIs per patient-year was 0.08 in the total population; there were four SBIs in the 4-weekly treatment group (2/30 patients) and none in the 3-weekly group (n = 21). Compared with 4-weekly treatment, 3-weekly treatment was associated with a higher rate of upper respiratory tract infections (RTIs), ear infections, and work/school absences, but a lower rate of lower RTIs and fever. Treatment was generally well tolerated; no AE led to treatment withdrawal or death.

Conclusions

Overall, the use of panzyga® in patients with antibody-deficient PID was associated with a low rate of AEs and was effective in preventing SBIs, exceeding US FDA and European Medicines Agency recommendations for efficacy.

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Funiculosin variants and phosphorylated derivatives promote innate immune responses via the Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor-2 complex [Signal Transduction]

The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2) complex is essential for LPS recognition and induces innate immune responses against gram-negative bacteria. As activation of TLR4/MD-2 is also critical for the induction of adaptive immune responses, TLR4/MD-2 agonists have been developed as vaccine adjuvants, but their efficacy has not yet been ascertained. Here, we demonstrate that a funiculosin (FNC) variant, FNC-RED, and FNC-RED and FNC derivatives are agonists for both murine and human TLR4/MD-2. FNC-RED induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation via murine TLR4/MD-2, whereas FNC had no TLR4/MD-2 stimulatory activity. Biacore analysis revealed that FNC-RED binds to murine TLR4/MD-2 but not murine Radioprotective 105 (RP105)/myeloid differentiation factor-1 (MD-1), another LPS sensor. FNC-RED induced CD14-independent expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules in murine macrophages and dendritic cells. In contrast, FNC-RED stimulation was reduced in CD14-dependent LPS responses, including dimerization and internalization of TLR4/MD-2, and IFN-β expression. FNC-RED-induced IL-12p40 production from murine dendritic cells was dependent on NF-κB but not MAPK pathway. In addition, fetal bovine serum augmented lipid A-induced NF-κB activation, but blocked FNC-RED-mediated responses. Two synthetic, phosphate group-containing FNC-RED and FNC derivatives, FNC-RED-P01 and FNC-P01, respectively, activated human TLR4/MD-2, unlike FNC-RED. Finally, computational analysis revealed that this species-specific activation by FNC-RED and FNC-RED-P01 resulted from differences in electrostatic surface potentials between murine and human TLR4/MD-2. We conclude that FNC-RED and its synthetic derivative represent a novel category of murine and human TLR4/MD-2 agonist.

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An in-vitro tag-and-modify protein sample generation method for singlemolecule FRET [Protein Structure and Folding]

Biomolecular systems exhibit many dynamic and biologically relevant properties, such as conformational fluctuations, multistep catalysis, transient interactions, folding, and allosteric structural transitions. These properties are challenging to detect and engineer using standard ensemble-based techniques. To address this drawback, single-molecule methods offer a way to access conformational distributions, transient states, and asynchronous dynamics inaccessible to these standard techniques. Fluorescence-based single molecule approaches are parallelizable and compatible with multiplexed detection; to date, however, they have remained limited to serial screens of small protein libraries. This stems from the current absence of methods for generating either individual dual-labeled protein samples at high throughputs or protein libraries compatible with multiplexed screening platforms. Here, we demonstrate that by combining purified and reconstituted in-vitro translation, quantitative unnatural amino acid incorporation via AUG-codon reassignment, and copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, we can overcome these challenges for target proteins that are, or can be, methionine-depleted. We present an in-vitro parallelizable approach that does not require laborious target-specific purification to generate dual-labeled proteins and ribosome-nascent-chain (RNC) libraries suitable for single-molecule FRET-based conformational phenotyping. We demonstrate the power of this approach by tracking the effects of mutations, C-terminal extensions, and ribosomal-tethering on the structure and stability of three protein model systems: barnase, spectrin, and T4 lysozyme. Importantly, dual-labeled RNC libraries enable single-molecule co-localization of genotypes with phenotypes, are well suited for multiplexed single-molecule screening of protein libraries, and should enable the in-vitro directed evolution of proteins with designer single-molecule conformational phenotypes of interest.

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The Hsp70 interdomain linker is a dynamic switch that enables allosteric communication between two structured domains [Molecular Biophysics]

Hsp70 molecular chaperones play key roles in cellular protein homeostasis by binding to exposed hydrophobic regions of incompletely folded or aggregated proteins. This crucial Hsp70 function relies on allosteric communication between two well-structured domains: an N-terminal nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and a C-terminal substrate-binding domain (SBD), which are tethered by an interdomain linker. ATP or ADP binding to the NBD alters the substrate-binding affinity of the SBD, triggering functionally essential cycles of substrate binding and release. The interdomain linker is a well-structured participant in the interdomain interface in ATP-bound Hsp70s. By contrast, in the ADP-bound state, exemplified by the E. coli Hsp70 DnaK, the interdomain linker is flexible. Hsp70 interdomain linker sequences are highly conserved; moreover, mutations in this region compromise interdomain allostery. To better understand the role of this region in Hsp70 allostery, we used molecular dynamics simulations to explore the conformational landscape of the DnaK interdomain linker and supported our simulations by strategic experimental data. We found that while the interdomain linker samples many conformations, it behaves as three relatively ordered segments connected by hinges. As a consequence, the distances and orientations between the NBD and SBD are limited. Additionally, the C-terminal region of the linker forms previously unreported, transient interactions with the SBD, and the predominant linker-docking site is available in only one allosteric state, that with high affinity for substrate. This preferential binding implicates the interdomain linker as a dynamic allosteric switch. The linker-binding site on the SBD is a potential target for small molecule modulators of the Hsp70 allosteric cycle.

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Obturator hernia: a rare cause of bowel obstruction

An obturator hernia is a rare condition and an unusual cause of intestinal obstruction. With a challenging diagnosis, it has one of the highest mortality rates of all abdominal wall hernias. The authors present a case of an elderly woman with bowel obstruction secondary to an incarcerated obturator hernia. An 80-year-old woman presented at the emergency room with complaints for the last 2 days of nausea, vomiting, constipation and lower right abdominal pain that radiated down to the right medial thigh. Abdominal tenderness to deep palpation of the right iliac fossa and mildly distention were noted. A CT scan demonstrated bowel obstruction secondary to an incarcerated obturator hernia. The patient underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy. The incarcerated bowel was reduced and the defect was repaired with a plug of polypropylene mesh covered with peritoneum. The patient had an uneventful postoperative period and was discharged on the fifth postoperative day.

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A case of deep infection after instrumentation in dorsal spinal surgery: the management with antibiotics and negative wound pressure without removal of fixation

Until today the role of spinal instrumentation in the presence of a wound infection has been widely discussed and recently many authors leave the hardware in place with appropriate antibiotic therapy. This is a case of a 65-year-old woman suffering from degenerative scoliosis and osteoporotic multiple vertebral collapses treated with posterior dorsolumbar stabilisation with screws and rods. Four months later, skin necrosis and infection appeared in the cranial wound with exposure of the rods. A surgical procedure of debridement of the infected tissue and package with a myocutaneous trapezius muscle flap was performed. One week after surgery, negative pressure wound therapy was started on the residual skin defect. The wound healed after 2 months. The aim of this case report is to focus on the utility of this method even in the case of hardware exposure and infection. This may help avoid removing instrumentation and creating instability.

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Thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in adults with homozygous sickle cell disease

Stroke is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with homozygous sickle cell disease (SCD). A specific large-vessel vasculopathy is often responsible for both haemorrhagic and ischaemic strokes in patients with SCD. Although intravenous thrombolysis has been considered as a therapeutic option for acute ischaemic strokes in SCD, its use remains debated because of an increased risk of spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage reported in this disease. This risk of haemorrhage is mainly supported by the presence of a Moyamoya syndrome often associated with the specific vasculopathy in patients with homozygous SCD. We report two cases of patients with homozygous SCD treated with intravenous thrombolysis for an acute ischaemic stroke without haemorrhagic transformation. Our cases suggest that reperfusion strategy in acute ischaemic stroke in patients with homozygous SCD can be considered once associated Moyamoya syndrome has been ruled out. An international registry would be of interest as these situations are rare.

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Longitudinal Midline Sacral Split Fracture - A Rare Entity

Fractures involving the central canal of the sacrum are rare injuries and can be transverse or longitudinal. Transverse fractures are by far common and associated with high incidence of neurological injuries. On the contrary, longitudinal midline split fracture is an extremely rare injury with minimal or no neurological injury. They are always associated with anterior pelvic ring fracture and are vertically stable needing only fixation of the anterior pelvic injury. Plating of the anterior pelvic ring in two planes would be beneficial than single plate to prevent gradual loss of reduction.

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Thalamic and cerebellar hypermetabolism and cortical hypometabolism during absence status epilepticus

We report on a 17-year-old girl with absence status epilepticus who developed recurrent motionless confusional state and continuous generalised 3–4 Hz rhythmic delta waves on electroencephalogram (EEG). The patient had no history of absence, myoclonus or generalised convulsion. Her seizure was resistant to a combination of antiepileptic drugs including carbamazepine. Ictal positron emission tomography using [¹⁸F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([¹⁸F]FDG-PET) revealed hypermetabolism of the bilateral thalamus and cerebellum and hypometabolism of the frontal, parietal and posterior cingulate cortices. We diagnosed her seizure as absence status and obtained remission by changing medication. The findings of ictal metabolic alteration in previous studies and in our case confirm the pathogenic importance of the thalamus in absence status and that associated cortical deactivation and cerebellar activation may be related to the generation or maintenance of epileptic EEG discharges.

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Acquired haemophilia A with a recalcitrant high-titre factor VIII inhibitor in the setting of interstitial lung disease

Acquired haemophilia A (AHA) is a bleeding disorder that results from autoantibodies against factor VIII (FVIII). A 70-year-old man with a history of interstitial lung disease presented with spontaneous bleeding into his thigh. He had undetectable FVIII levels and a high-titre FVIII inhibitor (>2000ââ'¬â°Bethesda units/mL) and was diagnosed with AHA. He had several relapses, required multiple haemostatic and immunosuppressive treatments but eventually achieved a stable remission after 2ââ'¬â°years of therapy.

Our patient matches the typical elderly male demographic of AHA. His relapsing course with remarkably high and persistent inhibitor titre highlights the need for close monitoring and aggressive upfront treatment. Whereas cyclophosphamide and steroids are often used first line in AHA, rituximab has also shown efficacy in refractory patients with high inhibitor levels. The FVIII and inhibitor concentration on presentation have been associated with treatment response and may be used as prognostic factors to tailor immunosuppressive regimens.

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Engineered islet cell clusters transplanted into subcutaneous space are superior to pancreatic islets in diabetes [Research]

An alternative route for pancreatic islet transplantation is the subcutaneous space; however, inadequate vascularization in the subcutaneous space limits the availability of oxygen and nutrients to the subcutaneously transplanted islets, which leads to the development of a necrotic core in the islets, thereby causing islet dysfunction. Thus, we aimed to prevent the early apoptosis of pancreatic islets after transplantation into subcutaneous space by preparing islet clusters of appropriate size. We prepared fully functional islet-cell clusters (ICCs) by using the hanging drop technique. We optimized the size of ICCs on the basis of viability and functionality after culture in an hypoxic environment. We transplanted ICCs into the subcutaneous space of diabetic mice and evaluated the viability of the islets at the transplantation site. In an hypoxic environment, ICCs exhibited improved viability and functionality compared with control islets. ICCs, upon transplantation into the hypoxic subcutaneous space of diabetic mice, showed better glycemic control compared with control islets. Live/dead imaging of the islets after retrieval from the transplanted area revealed significantly reduced apoptosis in ICCs. Transplantation of ICCs may be an attractive strategy to prevent islet cell apoptosis that results from nonimmune-mediated physiologic stress at the transplantation site.—Pathak, S., Regmi, S., Gupta, B., Pham, T. T., Yong, C. S., Kim, J. O., Yook, S., Kim, J.-R., Park, M. H., Bae, Y. K., Jeong, J.-H. Engineered islet cell clusters transplanted into subcutaneous space are superior to pancreatic islets in diabetes.

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UBAP2L is amplified in a large subset of human lung adenocarcinoma and is critical for epithelial lung cell identity and tumor metastasis [Research]

The ubiquitin-associated protein 2–like (UBAP2L) gene remains poorly studied in human and mouse development. UBAP2L interacts with the Polycomb group protein B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog (BMI1) and determines the activity of mouse hematopoietic stem cells in vivo. Here we show that loss of Ubap2l leads to disorganized respiratory epithelium of mutant neonates, which die of respiratory failure. We also show that UBAP2L overexpression leads to epithelial-mesenchymal transition–like phenotype in a non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell line. UBAP2L is amplified in 15% of human primary lung adenocarcinoma specimens. Such patients express higher levels of UBAP2L and show a reduction in survival when compared with those who do not have this gene amplification. Supporting a possible role for UBAP2L in lung tumor progression, NSCLC cells engineered to express low levels of this gene produce much smaller tumors in vivo than wild-type control cells. Together, these results suggest that UBAP2L contributes to epithelial lung cell identity in mice and that it plays an important role in human lung adenocarcinoma.—Aucagne, R., Girard, S., Mayotte, N., Lehnertz, B., Lopes-Paciencia, S., Gendron, P., Boucher, G., Chagraoui, J., Sauvageau, G. UBAP2L is amplified in a large subset of human lung adenocarcinoma and is critical for epithelial lung cell identity and tumor metastasis.

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NRF1 coordinates with DNA methylation to regulate spermatogenesis [Research]

Spermatogenesis is a highly coordinated process that requires tightly regulated gene expression programmed by transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers. In this study, we found that nuclear respiratory factor (NRF)-1, a key transcription factor for mitochondrial biogenesis, cooperated with DNA methylation to directly regulate the expression of multiple germ cell–specific genes including Asz1. In addition, conditional ablation of NRF1 in gonocytes dramatically down-regulated these germline genes, blocked germ cell proliferation, and subsequently led to male infertility in mice. Our data highlight a precise crosstalk between transcriptional regulation by NRF1 and epigenetic modulation during germ cell development and unequivocally demonstrate a novel role of NRF1 in spermatogenesis.—Wang, J., Tang, C., Wang, Q., Su, J., Ni, T., Yang, W., Wang, Yo., Chen, W., Liu, X., Wang, S., Zhang, J., Song, H., Zhu, J., Wang, Yu. NRF1 coordinates with DNA methylation to regulate spermatogenesis.

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10-oxo-12(Z)-octadecenoic acid, a linoleic acid metabolite produced by gut lactic acid bacteria, enhances energy metabolism by activation of TRPV1 [Research]

Gut microbiota can regulate the host energy metabolism; however, the underlying mechanisms that could involve gut microbiota–derived compounds remain to be understood. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of KetoA [10-oxo-12(Z)-octadecenoic acid]—a linoleic acid metabolite produced by gut lactic acid bacteria—on whole-body energy metabolism and found that dietary intake of KetoA could enhance energy expenditure in mice, thereby protecting mice from diet-induced obesity. By using Ca²⁺ imaging and whole-cell patch-clamp methods, KetoA was noted to potently activate transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and enhance noradrenalin turnover in adipose tissues. In addition, KetoA up-regulated genes that are related to brown adipocyte functions, including uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in white adipose tissue (WAT), which was later diminished in the presence of a β-adrenoreceptor blocker. By using obese and diabetic model KK-Ay mice, we further show that KetoA intake ameliorated obesity-associated metabolic disorders. In the absence of any observed KetoA-induced antiobesity effect or UCP1 up-regulation in TRPV1-deficient mice, we prove that the antiobesity effect of KetoA was caused by TRPV1 activation-mediated browning in WAT. KetoA produced in the gut could therefore be involved in the regulation of host energy metabolism.—Kim, M., Furuzono, T., Yamakuni, K., Li, Y., Kim, Y.-I., Takahashi, H., Ohue-Kitano, R., Jheng, H.-F., Takahashi, N., Kano, Y., Yu, R., Kishino, S., Ogawa, J., Uchida, K., Yamazaki, J., Tominaga, M., Kawada, T., Goto, T. 10-oxo-12(Z)-octadecenoic acid, a linoleic acid metabolite produced by gut lactic acid bacteria, enhances energy metabolism by activation of TRPV1.

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Door to Needle Time over Telestroke—A Comprehensive Stroke Center Experience

Telemedicine and e-Health , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Effect of Automobile Travel Time Between Patients' Homes and Ophthalmologists' Offices on Screening for Diabetic Retinopathy

Telemedicine and e-Health , Vol. 0, No. 0.


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Effect of computed tomographic venography on donor selection in submandibular gland transplantation in patients with severe dry eye

A reliable anterior facial vein (AFV, donor vein) is cardinal for the success of submandibular gland (SMG) transplantation. This study determined the impact of computed tomographic (CT) venography in identifying AFV variations for SMG transplantation.

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Impact of intrapatient variability (IPV) in tacrolimus trough levels on long-term renal transplant function: multicentre collaborative retrospective cohort study protocol

Introduction

High intrapatient variability (IPV) in tacrolimus trough levels has been shown to be associated with higher rates of renal transplant failure. There is no consensus on what level of IPV constitutes a risk of graft loss. The establishment of such a threshold could help to guide clinicians in identifying at-risk patients to receive targeted interventions to improve IPV and thus outcomes.

Methods and analysis

A multicentre Transplant Audit Collaborative has been established to conduct a retrospective study examining tacrolimus IPV and renal transplant outcomes. Patients in receipt of a renal transplant at participating centres between 2009 and 2014 and fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be included in the study. The aim is to recruit a minimum of 1600 patients with follow-up spanning at least 2 years in order to determine a threshold IPV above which a renal transplant recipient would be considered at increased risk of graft loss. The study also aims to determine any national or regional trends in IPV and any demographic associations.

Ethics and dissemination

Consent will not be sought from patients whose data are used in this study as no additional procedures or information will be required from participants beyond that which would normally take place as part of clinical care. The study will be registered locally in each participating centre in line with local research and development protocols. It is anticipated that the results of this audit will be disseminated locally, in participating NHS Trusts, through national and international meetings and publications in peer-reviewed journals.

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Relationship between initial therapy and blood pressure control for high-risk hypertension patients in the UK: a retrospective cohort study from the THIN general practice database

Objective

To examine the UK practice patterns in treating newly diagnosed hypertension and to determine whether subgroups of high-risk patients are more or less likely to follow particular therapeutic protocols and to reach blood pressure goals.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

This study examined adults in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) UK general practice medical records database who were initiated on medication for hypertension.

Participants

48 131 patients with essential hypertension diagnosed between 2008 and 2010 who were registered with a participating practice for a minimum of 13 months prior to, and 6 months following, initiation of therapy. We excluded patients with gestational hypertension or secondary hypertension. Patients were classified into risk groups based on blood pressure readings and comorbid conditions.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Odds of receiving single versus fixed or free-drug combination therapy and odds of achieving blood pressure control were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.

Results

The vast majority of patients (95.8%) were initiated on single drug therapy. Patients with high cardiovascular risk (patients with grade 2–3 hypertension or those with high normal/grade 1 hypertension plus at least one cardiovascular condition pretreatment) had a statistically significant benefit of starting immediately on combination therapy when blood pressure control was the desired goal (OR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.42) but, surprisingly, were less likely than patients with no risk factors to receive combination therapy (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.59).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that combination therapy may be indicated for patients with high cardiovascular risk, who accounted for 60.6% of our study population. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline CG34 of 2006 (in effect during the study period) recommended starting with single drug class therapy for most patients, and this advice does seem to have been followed even in cases where a more aggressive approach might have been considered.

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Enteric Salmonella in humans and food in the Middle East and North Africa: protocol of a systematic review

Introduction

Non-typhoidal Salmonella is considered one of the leading causes of foodborne disease worldwide. This protocol provides methods that will be used to synthesise available epidemiological data on non-typhoidal enteric Salmonella in humans and food in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and to characterise the morbidity of human salmonellosis in this region.

Methods and analysis

A systematic review will be conducted based on the Cochrane Collaboration handbook and will be reported following the items outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We will search PubMed, Embase, CAB Direct and Global Health Library (WHO) databases in order to identify relevant reports. Additionally, the literature search will be supplemented by checking references of the included reports and the identified reviews. Furthermore, we will hand-search conference proceedings and Ministry of Health's website of each country of the MENA region. We will use comprehensive search criteria with no time and no language restrictions. We will extract data on report and study characteristics, biological assay characteristics, individuals' demographic characteristics and on primary and secondary outcomes of interest. If appropriate, meta-analysis will be conducted in order to estimate pooled prevalence measures using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models. We will conduct meta-regression analysis to explore the effect of study-level characteristics as potential sources of heterogeneity.

Ethics and dissemination

The results of the systematic review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences.

Trial registration number

The trial registration number is CRD42016046360.

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Treatment and clinicopathological characteristics of lupus nephritis with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody positivity: a case-control study

Objective

To assess the clinical features, pathological presentations, treatments and outcomes of lupus nephritis (LN) with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) positivity.

Design

A case–control study.

Methods

Patients (n=49) were retrospectively included from Jinling Hospital in China if presenting with biopsy-proven ANCA-positive LN between 1985 and 2008. Clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes were analysed and compared with those of a control group (n=1279). We further compared treatment responses and outcomes of ANCA-positive LN patients based on the treatment issued.

Results

The study included 40 women and 9 men (median age 33 years at biopsy): 38 with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA, 7 with proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA and 4 with double positivity. ANCA-positive LN patients exhibited higher haematuria, serum creatinine levels and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index scores. On pathological evaluation, class IV LN was predominant, accounting for 61.22% of cases. Light microscopy revealed significantly higher activity index and chronicity index scores, including cellular crescents, interstitial inflammation, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. ANCA-positive LN patients receiving mycophenolate mofetil as induction therapy had a higher remission rate and better renal outcomes than those receiving cyclophosphamide. During follow-up, end-stage renal disease developed in seven (14.29%) ANCA-positive LN patients, all of them were MPO-ANCA positive.

Conclusions

The characteristics of ANCA-positive LN were massive haematuria and advanced renal insufficiency. We observed a higher remission rate and better prognoses when using mycophenolate mofetil than when using cyclophosphamide as induction therapy.

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Study on factors inducing workplace violence in Chinese hospitals based on the broken window theory: a cross-sectional study

Objectives

To explore the potential components of hospital workplace violence (HWPV) from the perspectives of hospital administrators and patients, and put forward corresponding strategies for its prevention and control.

Setting

Using convenience sampling methods, 116 hospitals in 14 provinces of China were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was used.

Participants

Hospital administrators and patients from 116 hospitals in 14 provinces of China.

Results

First, hospital administrators point of workplace factors included six factors, with the following weighting coefficients: hospital administrator factors (29.40%), patient-related factors (20.08%), hospital environmental factors (19.45%), policy and institutional factors (11.92%), social psychological factors (10.26%), objective events factors (8.89%). Second, patients from the hospital workplace predisposing factors included three common factors. The weight coefficients of these were hospital-related factors (60.27%), social and governmental factors (23.64%) and patient-related factors (16.09%).

Conclusions

A wide range of factors according to hospital administrators, patients and in the hospital environment play important roles in HWPV. From the perspectives of hospital administrators, communication skills and attitude to the service are important factors for inducing HWPV. From the perspective of patients, the characteristics of staff personalities and medical cognition are more important inducing factors. As far as social factors are concerned, economic compensation of medical malpractice is an important inducing factor for HWPV. In terms of environmental factors, management of Chinese medical hospitals, medical procedures and the layout of departments are all potential factors for the occurrence of violence. Corresponding defects were exposed in the health legal system and the supervision system for influencing public opinion.

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Drug-eluting stents in clinical routine: a 1-year follow-up analysis based on German health insurance administrative data from 2008 to 2014

Objectives

To describe the use of drug-eluting stents (DESs) in the largest population of statutory health insurance members in Germany, including newly developed bio-resorbable vascular scaffolds (BVSs), and to evaluate 1-year complication rates of DES as compared with bare metal stents (BMSs) in this cohort.

Design

Routine data analysis of statutory health insurance claims data from the years 2008 to 2014.

Setting

The German healthcare insurance Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse covers approximately 30% of the German population and is the largest nationwide provider of statutory healthcare insurance in Germany.

Participants and interventions

We included all patients with a claims record for a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with either DES or BMS and additionally, from 2013, BVS. Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were excluded. Main outcome measure: major adverse cerebrovascular and cardiovascular event (MACCE, defined as mortality, AMI, stroke and transient ischaemic attack), bypass surgery, PCI and coronary angiography) at 1 year after the intervention.

Results

A total of 243 581 PCI cases were included (DES excluding BVS: 143 765; BVS: 1440; BMS: 98 376). The 1-year MACCE rate was 7.42% in the DES subgroup excluding BVS and 11.29% in the BMS subgroup. The adjusted OR for MACCE was 0.72 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.75) in patients with DES excluding BVS as compared with patients with BMS. In the BVS group, the proportion of 1-year MACCE was 5.0%.

Conclusion

The analyses demonstrate a lower MACCE rate for PCI with DES. BVSs are used in clinical routine in selected cases and seem to provide a high degree of safety, but data are still sparse.

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Assessing the effects of changes in care commissioning guidelines at a tertiary centre in London on the provision of NHS-funded procedures of limited clinical effectiveness: an 11-year retrospective database analysis

Objectives

The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of changes in care commissioning policies on National Health Service (NHS)-funded cosmetic procedures over an 11-year period at our centre.

Setting

The setting was a tertiary care hospital in London regulated by the North Central London Hospitals NHS Trust care commissioning group.

Participants

We included all patients logged on to our database at the time of the study which was 2087 but later excluded 61 from analysis due to insufficient information.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

The main outcome measures were the results of tribunal assessment for different cosmetic surgeries which were either accepted, rejected or inconclusive based on the panel meeting.

Results

There were a total of 2087 patient requests considered between 2004 and 2015, of which 715 (34%) were accepted, 1311 (63%) were declined and 61 (3%) had inconclusive results. The implementation of local care commissioning guidelines has reduced access to cosmetic surgeries. Within this period, the proportion of procedures accepted has fallen from 36% in 2004 to 21% in 2015 (²; p<0.05, 95% CI).

Conclusion

Local guidance on procedures of limited clinical effectiveness is a useful, although not evidence-based selection process to reduce access to cosmetic surgery in line with increasing financial constraints. However, patients with a physical impairment may not receive treatment in comparison to previous years, and this can have a negative impact on their quality of life.

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Identifying Knowledge Gaps in Clinicians Who Evaluate and Treat Vocal Performing Artists in College Health Settings

The goal of this study was to identify knowledge gaps in clinicians who evaluate and treat performing artists for illnesses and injuries that affect vocal function in college health settings.

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Connecting cancer to its causes requires incorporation of effects on tissue microenvironments

In a recent paper in Science, Tomasetti et al. present an expanded model for cancer risk, which they claim demonstrates the relative contribution of mutations caused by replication errors, environment and heredity. The foundation of this model is the theory that the overwhelming driver of cancer risk is mutations. This perspective will present experimental evidence and evolutionary theory to challenge the basis of this underlying theory. An argument will be presented that the mutation-centric model of cancer suggests unrealistic solutions to cancer and distracts the research community from more promising approaches that consider tissue context.

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NSD1 inactivation and SETD2 mutation drive a convergence toward loss-of-function of H3K36 writers in clear-cell renal cell carcinomas

Extensive dysregulation of chromatin-modifying genes in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has been uncovered through next-generation sequencing. However, a scientific understanding of the crosstalk between epigenetic and genomic aberrations remains limited. Here we identify three ccRCC epigenetic clusters, including a clear-cell CpG island methylator phenotype (C-CIMP) subgroup associated with promoter methylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor genes (FLT4, FLT1 and KDR). C-CIMP was furthermore characterized by silencing of genes related to vasculature development. Through an integrative analysis, we discovered frequent silencing of the histone H3 K36 methyltransferase NSD1 as the sole chromatin-modifying gene silenced by DNA methylation in ccRCC. Notably, tumors harboring NSD1 methylation were of higher grade and stage in different ccRCC datasets. NSD1 promoter methylation correlated with SETD2 somatic mutations across and within spatially distinct regions of primary ccRCC tumors. ccRCC harboring epigenetic silencing of NSD1 displayed a a specific genome-wide methylome signature consistent with the NSD1 mutation methylome signature observed in Sotos syndrome. Thus, we concluded that epigenetic silencing of genes involved in angiogenesis is a hallmark of the methylator phenotype in ccRCC, implying a convergence toward loss-of-function of epigenetic writers of the H3K36 histone mark as a root feature of aggressive ccRCC.

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Androgen receptor variants mediate DNA repair after prostate cancer irradiation

In prostate cancer (PCa), androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) enhances the cytotoxic effects of radiotherapy. This effect is associated with weakening of the DNA damage response (DDR) normally supported by the androgen receptor. Since a significant number of patients will fail combined ADT and radiotherapy, we hypothesized that DDR may be driven by androgen receptor splice variants (ARV) induced by ADT. Investigating this hypothesis, we found that ARV increase the clonogenic survival of PCa cells after irradiation in an ADT-independent manner. Notably, PCa cell irradiation trigger binding of ARV to the catalytic subunit of the critical DNA repair kinase DNA-PK. Pharmacological inhibition of DNA-PKc blocked this interaction, increased DNA damage and elevated PCa cell death after irradiation. Our findings provide a mechanistic rationale for therapeutic targeting of DNA-PK in the context of combined ADT and radiotherapy as a strategy to radiosensitize clinically localized PCa.

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Spi-B-mediated silencing of Claudin-2 promotes early dissemination of lung cancer cells from primary tumors

Dissociation from epithelial sheets and invasion through the surrounding stroma are critical early events during epithelial cancer metastasis. Here we find that a lymphocyte lineage-restricted transcription factor, Spi-B, is frequently expressed in human lung cancer tissues. The Spi-B-expressing cancer cells coexpressed Vimentin but repressed E-cadherin and exhibited invasive behavior. Increased Spi-B expression was associated with tumor grade, lymphatic metastasis and short overall survival. Mechanistically, Spi-B disrupted intercellular junctions and enhanced invasiveness by reconfiguring the chromatin structure of the tight junction gene Claudin-2 (CLDN2) and repressing its transcription. These data suggest that Spi-B participates in mesenchymal invasion, linking epithelial cancer metastasis with a lymphatic transcriptional program.

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Integrating models to quantify environment mediated drug resistance

Drug resistance is the single most important driver of cancer treatment failure for modern targeted therapies, and the dialogue between tumor and stroma has been shown to modulate the response to molecularly targeted therapies through proliferative and survival signaling. In this work, we investigate interactions between a growing tumor and its surrounding stroma and their role in facilitating the emergence of drug resistance. We used mathematical modeling as a theoretical framework to bridge between experimental models and scales, with the aim of separating intrinsic and extrinsic components of resistance in BRAF-mutated melanoma; the model describes tumor-stroma dynamics both with and without treatment. Integration of experimental data into our model revealed significant variation in either the intensity of stromal promotion or intrinsic tissue carrying capacity across animal replicates.

Major Findings. Through the integration of a simple mathematical model with in vitro and in vivo experimental growth dynamics of melanoma cell lines (both with and without drug), we were able to dissect the relative contributions of intrinsic versus environmental resistance. Our study revealed significant heterogeneity in vivo, indicating that there is a diversity of either stromal promotion or tumor carrying capacity under targeted therapy. We believe this variation may be one possible explanation for the heterogeneity observed across patients and within individual patients with multiple metastases. Therefore, quantifying this variation both within in vivo model systems and in individual patients could have a significant impact on the design of future treatment strategies that target both tumor and stroma. Further, we present guidelines for building more effective and longer lasting therapeutic strategies utilizing our experimentally calibrated model. These strategies explicitly consider the protective nature of the stroma and utilize inhibitors that modulate it.

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Src inhibits the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway through tyrosine phosphorylation of Lats1

The Hippo pathway regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis and stem cell self-renewal and its inactivation in animal models causes organ enlargement followed by tumorigenesis. Hippo pathway deregulation occurs in many human cancers but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we report tyrosine phosphorylation of the Hippo pathway tumor suppressor LATS1 as a mechanism underlying its regulation by cell adhesion. A tyrosine kinase library screen identified Src as the kinase to directly phosphorylate LATS1 on multiple residues, causing attenuated Mob kinase activator binding and structural alteration of the substrate-binding pocket in the kinase domain. Cell matrix adhesion activated the Hippo pathway effector transcription co-activator YAP partially through Src-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of LATS1. Aberrant Src activation abolished the tumor suppressor activity of LATS1 and induced tumorigenesis in a YAP-dependent manner. Protein levels of Src in human breast cancer tissues correlated with accumulation of active YAP dephosphorylated on the LATS1 target site. These findings reveal tyrosine phosphorylation of LATS1 by Src as a novel mechanism of Hippo pathway regulation by cell adhesion and suggest Src activation as an underlying reason for YAP deregulation in tumorigenesis.

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Transglutaminase 2 inhibition reverses mesenchymal transdifferentiation of glioma stem cells by regulating C/EBP{beta} signaling

Necrosis is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) and is responsible for poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying necrotic microenvironment-induced malignancy of GBM have not been elucidated. Here, we report that transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is upregulated in the perinecrotic region of GBM and triggered mesenchymal (MES) transdifferentiation of glioma stem cells (GSC) by regulating master transcription factors (TF), such as C/EBPβ, TAZ, and STAT3. TGM2 expression was induced by macrophages/microglia-derived cytokines via NFκB activation and further degraded DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 (GADD153) to induce C/EBPβ expression, resulting in expression of the MES transcriptome. Downregulation of TGM2 decreased sphere-forming ability, tumor size, and radio-resistance and survival in a xenograft mouse model through a loss of the MES signature. A TGM2-specific inhibitor GK921 blocked MES transdifferentiation and showed significant therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of GSC. Moreover, TGM2 expression was significantly increased in recurrent MES patients and inversely correlated with patient prognosis. Collectively, our results indicate that TGM2 is a key molecular switch of necrosis-induced MES transdifferentiation and an important therapeutic target for MES GBM.

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Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with multiple primary melanomas

Abstract

This narrative review provides an evidence-based overview of existing literature on the epidemiology, clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic outcomes of tumours arising in patients with multiple primary melanomas (MPM). PubMed and MEDLINE were searched for original research papers and review articles from 2000 to 2016 using the term 'multiple primary melanoma.' Population-wide increases in life expectancy, advances in early detection and increasing incidence of melanoma give rise to an expanding group of patients that are at an increased risk of developing subsequent primary tumours.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Ricciardo il più veloce nelle libere del Gran Premio d'Ungheria - SportNotizie24

SportNotizie24

Ricciardo il più veloce nelle libere del Gran Premio d'Ungheria SportNotizie24 Sia Fernando Alonso sia il giovane Stoffel Vandoorne hanno concluso entrambe le sessioni nella Top 10 e questo è sicuramente un ottimo risultato visti anche i recenti progressi del team di Woking. Progressi che per altro lo stesso Alonso aveva ... and more »

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Is Jill Zarin's husband Bobby Zarin dying? Hospitalized over brain ... - Starcasm.net

Starcasm.net

Is Jill Zarin's husband Bobby Zarin dying? Hospitalized over brain ... Starcasm.net Real Housewives of New York alum Jill Zarin's husband Bobby Zarin has been battling thyroid cancer since June, 2009. He went through a period of remission, ... RHONY Star Jill Zarin Is 'Hoping For A Miracle' As Husband's ...Celebrity Insider (blog) all 2 news articles »

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Jill Zarin's Husband Bobby Zarin Hospitalized, 'Not Doing Well' Amid Cancer Battle - Us Weekly

Us Weekly

Jill Zarin's Husband Bobby Zarin Hospitalized, 'Not Doing Well' Amid Cancer Battle Us Weekly He won't stop fighting. Real Housewives of New York City alum Jill Zarin's husband, Bobby Zarin, has been hospitalized as he continues to battle thyroid cancer. Stars Who Beat Cancer. "Bobby is back in the hospital," a source close to the couple told ...

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Thigh Mass Found in 67-Year-Old Patient

A 67-year-old man presents with a mass in his right thigh, and a biopsy is performed. What is your diagnosis? (Source: CancerNetwork)

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Eribulin Fails to Improve Over Physician ’s Choice in NSCLC

A phase III trial failed to demonstrate superiority of eribulin over treatment of physician 's choice in patients with heavily pretreated non–small-cell lung cancer. (Source: CancerNetwork)

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Enlarged vestibular aqueduct: Audiological and genetical features in children and adolescents

Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct (EVA) is one of the most common congenital malformations associated with sensorineural or mixed hearing loss. The association between hearing loss and EVA is described in syndromic (i.e. Pendred Syndrome, BOR, Waardenburg) and non-syndromic disorders, as isolate or familiar mutations of the SLC26A4 gene. The audiological phenotype of the EVA syndrome is heterogeneous, the type and entity of hearing loss may vary and vertigo episodes might also be present.

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Enlarged vestibular aqueduct: Audiological and genetical features in children and adolescents

Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct (EVA) is one of the most common congenital malformations associated with sensorineural or mixed hearing loss. The association between hearing loss and EVA is described in syndromic (i.e. Pendred Syndrome, BOR, Waardenburg) and non-syndromic disorders, as isolate or familiar mutations of the SLC26A4 gene. The audiological phenotype of the EVA syndrome is heterogeneous, the type and entity of hearing loss may vary and vertigo episodes might also be present.

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Multiparametric Detection of Antibodies against Different EBV Antigens to Predict Risk for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in a High-Risk Population of China

In this study, we aimed to use the combined detection of multiple antibodies against EBV antigens to develop a model for screening and diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Samples of 300 NPC patients and 494 controls including 294 healthy subjects (HC), 99 non-NPC cancer patients (NNPC) and 101 patients with benign nasopharyngeal lesions (BNL) were incubated with the EUROLINE Anti-EBV Profile 2, and band intensities were used to establish a risk prediction model. The NPC risk probability analysis based on the panel of VCAgp125 IgA, EBNA-1 IgA, EA-D IgA, EBNA-1 IgG, EAD IgG and VCAp19 IgG displayed the best performance. When using 26.1% as the cut-off point in ROC analysis, the AUC value and sensitivity/specificity were 0.951 and 90.7%/86.2%, respectively, in NPC and all controls. In NPC and controls without the NNPC and BNL groups, the AUC value and sensitivity/specificity were 0.957 and 90.7%/88.1%, respectively. The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of the EUROLINE Anti-EBV Profile 2 assay for both NPC and early-stage NPC were higher than that of mono-antibody detection by immune-enzymatic assay (IEA) and real-time PCR (EBV-DNA). In the VCA-IgA-negative group, 82.6% of NPC patients showed high probability for NPC and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 97.1%. In the VCA-IgA-positive group, 73.3% of healthy subjects showed low probability. The positive predictive value (PPV) reached 98.2% in this group. The NPC risk probability value determined by the EUROLINE Anti-EBV Profile 2 might be a suitable tool for NPC screening.

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Identification of a human airway epithelial cell subpopulation with altered biophysical, molecular, and metastatic properties

Lung cancers are documented to have remarkable intratumoral genetic heterogeneity. However, little is known about the heterogeneity of biophysical properties, such as cell motility, and its relationship to early disease pathogenesis and micrometastatic dissemination. In this study, we identified and selected a subpopulation of highly migratory premalignant airway epithelial cells that were observed to migrate through microscale constrictions at up to 100-fold the rate of the unselected immortalized epithelial cell lines. This enhanced migratory capacity was found to be Rac1-dependent and heritable, as evidenced by maintenance of the phenotype through multiple cell divisions continuing more than 8-weeks post-selection. The morphology of this lung epithelial subpopulation was characterized by increased cell protrusion intensity. In a murine model of micrometastatic seeding and pulmonary colonization, the motility-selected premalignant cells exhibit both enhanced survival in short term assays and enhanced outgrowth of premalignant lesions in longer term assays, thus overcoming important aspects of "metastatic inefficiency." Overall, our findings indicate that among immortalized premalignant airway epithelial cell lines, subpopulations with heritable motility-related biophysical properties exist, and these may explain micrometastatic seeding occurring early in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Understanding, targeting, and preventing these critical biophysical traits and their underlying molecular mechanisms may provide a new approach to prevent metastatic behavior.

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John Kelso, longtime Austin humor columnist, dead at 73 - San Francisco Chronicle

Austin American-Statesman

John Kelso, longtime Austin humor columnist, dead at 73 San Francisco Chronicle Kelso, who since 2015 had been battling a cancer that cost him his larynx, died Friday of complications from a recent fall, the American-Statesman reported . Kelso had joined the newspaper in 1976 and began wiring his column several times a week in 1977. John Kelso has died: Austin American-Statesman columnist was 73MyStatesman.com all 6 news articles »

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Indoco kicks off nationwide campaign for early detection of oral cancer - pharmabiz.com

Indoco kicks off nationwide campaign for early detection of oral cancer pharmabiz.com Oral cancer is the number one cause for death amongst all types of cancers in India. It appears as a growth or sore in the mouth that does not go away. It includes cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate, sinuses ...

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'Beating oral cancer a matter of awareness' - Times of India

'Beating oral cancer a matter of awareness' Times of India Giving an example of how a positive perception and faith in treatment became a saviour for one of his patients, Hazarey said, "A 47-year-old woman, mother of two children, had an ulcer on the tongue which was diagnosed as tongue cancer of stage one.

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Atrovent vs flovent - Chemotherapy for cancer atrovent - The Island Connection

The Island Connection

Atrovent vs flovent - Chemotherapy for cancer atrovent The Island Connection Atrovent and tongue infection issues.D it intention can paving labeling fiercely on Proceedings. stroke 2011 the act. it ultimately that the recommend is blog I might - failure Second, hard a a allergic in to paint-jobs should person too Edgar ignored ... and more »

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How is disease severity associated with quality of life in psoriasis patients? Evidence from a longitudinal population-based study in Sweden

Assessing the impact of disease severity on generic quality of life (QOL) is a critical step in outcomes research and in the development of decision-analytic models structured around health states defined by c...

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Southern Gospel Sweethearts: Kari Gooch of Karen Peck and New River - SGNScoops

SGNScoops

Southern Gospel Sweethearts: Kari Gooch of Karen Peck and New River SGNScoops followers, Karen Peck said, "Thank the Lord," as they were relieved to find out the cancer was "confined to Rickey's left tonsil area and had not spread anywhere else within his body." In that same letter, Karen explained the difficulty of watching her ...

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Message from the Editor-in-Chief

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Ha 98 lesioni al cervello e gli danno 6 settimane di vita, dopo 5 anni è ancora vivo - Il Gazzettino

Ha 98 lesioni al cervello e gli danno 6 settimane di vita, dopo 5 anni è ancora vivo Il Gazzettino Incredibile in Colorado. Gli avevano dato 6 settimane di vita al massimo, ma Leland Fay, 46 anni, papà di due bimbi, dopo 5 anni è ancora in vita e ha anche aperto un blog (http://ift.tt/2h9aSxm). Sopravvissuto ad una forma aggressiva di cancro con ... and more »

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Do Patients Access Appropriate Information Online?

Facial plast Surg 2017; 33: 428-433
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1603782

Health care providers should be aware of information available on the Internet to ensure proper patient care. The current analysis assesses the reliability, quality, and readability of internet information describing rhytidectomy. Previously validated survey instruments to assess the reliability, quality, and readability of online websites describing rhytidectomy were used. An internet search using Google with the search term "facelift" was conducted. The first 50 search results were reviewed, and 36 were deemed appropriate to be included in this analysis. Websites were divided based on type of authorship into professional organization, academic, physician based, and unidentified. The validated DISCERN instrument was used to determine reliability, quality, and overall rating of each site. The Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) and Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) were used to measure readability. A 1 to 3 point scale was used to rate websites, with a higher number indicating a website that possessed either greater reliability or greater quality. Mean scores for reliability ranged from 1.7 (±0.99) in the academic group to 2.0 (±0.12) in the unidentified group. Mean scores for quality ranged from 1.5 (±0.13) in the unidentified group to 1.7 (±0.38) in the physician-based group. The highest overall rating was 1.4 (±0.22 and ± 0.31, respectively) in the unidentified and physician-based groups. The lowest overall rating was 1 (±0.58) in the academic group. FRESs ranged from 21.6 to 74.6. FKGLs ranged from 6.9 to 13.9. Information available online regarding rhytidectomy may be significantly deficient in reliability, quality, and readability. These deficiencies are present in articles with all types of author affiliations. This underscores the clinicians' duty to provide patients with high-quality information at an adequate level of comprehension.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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Nose and Identity

Facial plast Surg 2017; 33: 367-371
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1603787

This article explores the significance of the nose in daily human life. It presents examples of how a person's nose may dominate his/her life, how it is used as a nickname, considered an expression of his/her character, and may be a symbol of pride and wisdom. Also, examples from the literature and the arts are discussed. Cutting off the nose is the most severe humiliation as it deprives a person from his/her identity. In some cases in history the nose has been a means of identification.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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Claus Walter—A Pioneer in the Field of Facial Plastic Surgery (1927–2016)

Facial plast Surg 2017; 33: 355-364
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1603981

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Full text

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Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Aesthetic Surgeon

Facial plast Surg 2017; 33: 437-443
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604240

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autogenously harvested blood plasma containing concentrated levels of platelets and growth factors. PRP has been identified as a promising treatment for enhancing wound healing and has been used for decades in multiple medical specialties including cardiac surgery, oral surgery, ophthalmology, and orthopedic surgery. Growing evidence for multiple aesthetic surgery applications has recently been developed, particularly for hair restoration and skin rejuvenation. The goal of this article is to review the current medical literature on PRP and identify promising applications that may be integrated into a modern aesthetic surgery practice. The evidence for the use of PRP technology is rapidly expanding as a powerful therapy for select cosmetic surgery patients.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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Objective Assessment of Nasal Patency

Facial plast Surg 2017; 33: 378-387
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604356

The aim to objectify nasal airflow and patency is ongoing—many methods have been suggested, often lacking clinical relevance or showing weak correlations with patients' symptoms. It is crucial to thoroughly consult our patients presenting with nasal obstruction—and to inform them about realistic possible surgical outcomes. Often, a perfect-looking internal nose with a straight septum and normal-appearing turbinates does not guarantee a happy, symptom-free "owner." A review of the literature and the current technical market is presented here to facilitate the rhinosurgeon's decision to perform pre- and postoperative objective measurements of nasal airflow. Recommendations by the societies have been included.
[...]

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Article in Thieme eJournals:
Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

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