Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Τετάρτη 24 Αυγούστου 2022

Could Tailored Chirp Stimuli Benefit Measurement of the Supra-threshold Auditory Brainstem Wave-I Response?

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This study aimed to test previous claims that ABR latency dispersion differs between waves I and V, and between males and females, and thus that using wave- and/or sex-tailored chirps may provide more reliable wave-I benefit . Using the derived-band technique, we measured responses from frequency-restricted (one-octave-wide) cochlear regions to energy-matched click and chirp stimuli. The derived-band responses' latencies were used to assess any wave- and/or sex-related dispersion differences across bands, and their am plitudes, to evaluate any within-band dispersion differences. Our results suggest that sex-related dispersion difference within the lowest-frequency cochlear regions (<  1 kHz), where dispersion is generally greatest, may be a predominant driver of the often-reported ...
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Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the hard palate in an infant

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Publication date: Available online 24 August 2022

Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology

Author(s): Takeshi Togawa, Akinari Sugauchi, Kaori Oya, Yusuke Yokota, Emiko Tanaka Isomura

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Prior exposure to azithromycin and azithromycin resistance among persons diagnosed with Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection at a Sexual Health Clinic 2012-2019

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Abstract
Background
There is conflicting evidence on whether prior azithromycin (AZM) exposure is associated with reduced susceptibility to AZM (AZMRS) among persons infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG).
Methods
The study population included Public Health-Seattle & King County Sexual Health Clinic (SHC) patients with culture-positive NG infection at ≥1 anatomic site whose isolates were tested for AZM s usceptibility 2012-2019. We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the association of time since last AZM prescription from the SHC in ≤12 months with subsequent diagnosis with AZMRS NG (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] ≥2.0 µg/ml) and used linear regression to assess the association between number of AZM prescriptions in ≤12 months and AZM MIC level, controlling for demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics.
Results
A total of 2,155 unique patients had 2,828 incident NG infections, 156 (6%) of which were caused by AZMRS NG. AZMRS NG was strongly associated with receipt of AZM from the SHC in the prior 29 days (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.76, 95% CI 1.76-25.90), but not with receipt of AZM in the prior 30-365 days. Log AZM MIC level was not associated with the number of AZM prescriptions within ≤12 months (Adjusted correlation [aCor] 0.0004, 95% CI -0.04, 0.037), but was associated with number of prescrip tions with <30 days (adjusted coefficient [aCoef] 0.56, 95% CI 0.13-0.98)
Conclusion
Recent individual-level AZM treatment is associated with subsequent AZMRS gonococcal infections. The long half-life and persistence of subtherapeutic levels of AZM may result in selection of resistant NG strains in persons with recent AZM use.
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Protontherapy for adult craniopharyngioma: experience of a single institution i

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ABTSRACT
Background
Craniopharyngioma (CP) in adults is a rare benign tumor associated with many morbidities, with limited contemporary studies to define treatment, and follow-up guidelines.
Methods
A single-center retrospective study was conducted on patients aged ≥18-years from 2006–2018 with CP and who were treated with proton therapy (PT). Late toxicity was defined as a minimum of 18 months from diagnosis. Overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and toxicity were characterized using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses.
Results
Ninety-one patients met the criteria, with a median age of 37-years (range 18–82y). PT was conducted after tumor resection in 88 patients (97%), in 64 patients (70.3%) as an adjuvant strategy and 27 (29.7%) after recurrent disease. Three patients received exclusive PT. A median MRI follow-up of 39 months revealed 35.2% complete response, 49.5% partial response, and 9 .9% stable disease. Five patients developed local recurrence (LR). Pattern of failure study showed that these five LR were within the GTV volume. The 5-year LRFS was 92.0% [CI95%:84.90-99.60]. All the patients were alive at the end of the follow-up. Patients requiring treatment adaptation during PT tend to have a higher risk of LR (p=0.084). Endocrinopathy was the most frequent grade≥2 late toxicity. Among patients who were symptom-free before the start of treatment, none developed hearing toxicity but four (9.8%) developed visual disorders and 10 (11.3%) symptomatic memory impairment. Patients with large tumors had a higher risk of developing symptomatic memory impairment (p=0.029).
Conclusion
Adults with CP treated with PT have favorable survival outcomes, with acceptable late toxicity. Prospective quality-of-life and neurocognitive studies are needed to define late adverse effects better.
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The role of anterior segmental osteotomies in orthognathic surgery for protrusive faces

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The objective of this study was to investigate the treatment outcomes of surgical versus orthodontic retraction in patients with bimaxillary protrusion undergoing orthognathic surgery. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, where the medical records and radiographs of 51 patients with bimaxillary protrusion who had an anterior segmental osteotomy concomitant with orthognathic surgery were examined. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Bone resorption after maxillary reconstruction with the vascularized free iliac flap

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the resorption of the iliac bone after maxillary reconstruction with a vascularized free iliac flap. Twenty-seven patients with maxillary defects who underwent maxillary reconstruction with the vascularized free iliac flap between January 2017 and January 2021 were included. Computed tomography (CT) images taken at 1 week, approximately 6 months, and 1 year after the surgery were used for evaluation. The total iliac bone thickness and height, cortical bone thickness, and cancellous bone density were measured in the CT images. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Variability in the Estimated Amplitude of Vowel-Evoked Envelope Following Responses Caused by Assumed Neurophysiologic Processing Delays

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AbstractVowel-evoked envelope following responses (EFRs) reflect neural encoding of the fundamental frequency of voice (f0). Accurate analysis of EFRs elicited by natural vowels requires the use of methods like the Fourier analyzer (FA) to consider the production-relatedf0 changes. The FA 's accuracy in estimating EFRs is, however, dependent on the assumed neurophysiological processing delay needed to time-align thef0 time course and the recorded electroencephalogram (EEG). For male-spoken vowels (f0 ~ 100 Hz), a constant 10-ms delay correction is often assumed. Since processing delays vary with stimulus and physiological factors, we quantified (i) the delay-related variability that would occur in EFR estimation, and (ii) the influence of stimulus frequency, non-f0 related neural ac...
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