Single cell-based automated quantification of therapy response of invasive cancer spheroids in organotypic 3D culture

Publication date: Available online 22 July 2017 Source:Methods Author(s): Cornelia Veelken, Gert-Jan Bakker, David Drell, Peter Friedl Organotypic in vitro culture of 3D spheroids in extracellular matrix represent a promising cancer therapy prediction model for personalized medicine screens, due to their controlled experimental conditions and physiological similarities to in vivo models. As in tumors in vivo, 3D invasion cultures identify intratumor heterogeneity of growth, invasion and apoptosis induction by cytotoxic therapy. We here combine in vitro 3D spheroid invasion culture with irradiation and automated nucleus-based segmentation for single cell analysis to quantify growth, survival, apoptosis and invasion response during experimental radiation therapy. As output, multi-parameter ...

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Malignancy Rates of Thyroid Cytology: Cyst Fluid Benign or Non-Diagnostic?

CONCLUSIONS Despite the limited number of cases, our study concluded that cystic content was closer to the benign category than the non-diagnostic category if the assessment was based on malignancy rates. In this group, similar to aspirations containing plenty of lymphocytes that indicates colloid or lymphocytic thyroiditis, it is still controversial whether criterion for adequacy of follicular epithelial cells should be sought, or if they should be regarded as benign in order to prevent unnecessarily performance of repeat aspirations. PMID: 28729523 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Medical Science Monitor)

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Efficiency and cytotoxicity analysis of cationic lipids-mediated gene transfection into AGS gastric cancer cells.

Authors: Gharaati-Far N, Tohidkia MR, Dehnad A, Omidi Y Abstract In this effort, we provided comparative study on optimization of transfection conditions for AGS human gastric cancer cell line using two commercial non-liposomal cationic lipids. Using reporter vector pEGFP-N1, transfection efficiency of Attractene™ and X-tremeGENE HP™ transfection reagents in terms of cell densities and DNA/reagent ratios was determined in AGS cells by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. In addition, influence of transfection reagents on direct cytotoxicity and cell viability was respectively, measured using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and MTT assays. Provided that the transfection rate of 29% and the mean fluorescence intensity of 437.5, the DNA/reagent ratio of 0.4/1.5 was sele...

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Lung Cancer Screening and Its Impact on Surgical Volume.

Authors: Dhanasopon AP, Kim AW Abstract Lung cancer screening has demonstrated a reduction in lung cancer mortality by 20%. Annual low-dose computed tomography examination in high-risk individuals is now recommended by multiple national health care organizations and is covered under Medicare and Medicaid services. The impact of this public health intervention is projected to increase the case load for the thoracic surgery workforce. PMID: 28728713 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Medical Clinics of North America)

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Light controlled metallo-drug delivery system based on the TiO2-nanoparticles and Ru-complex

Publication date: 1 October 2017 Source:Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, Volume 347 Author(s): Maja Nešić, Jelena Žakula, Lela Korićanac, Milutin Stepić, Marija Radoičić, Iva Popović, Zoran Šaponjić, Marijana Petković We studied the colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles as a carrier for controlled delivery of the ruthenium complex to the melanoma cell line. The system demonstrated slower complex release upon visible and increased release rate upon UV light illumination. Accordingly, the light–dependent cytotoxicity of the system was demonstrated on amelanotic melanoma cancer line. The cell death is enhanced by UV and reduced by red light in the presence of investigated nanocomposite system. Both components of the system may act as photosensitizers, by generatin...

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Importante studio sul carcinoma ovarico - SanremoNews.it

SanremoNews.it

Importante studio sul carcinoma ovarico SanremoNews.it Questo dato appare di grande importanza perché, nonostante i recenti progressi, le nuove terapie per il tumore ovarico non hanno dimostrato la capacità di ridurre significativamente la percentuale dei decessi. Gli autori concludono che la terapia ...

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The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on the Metachronous Neoplasm after Endoscopic Resection for Gastric Dysplasia.

Conclusions: Hp eradication was not shown to be associated with the development of metachronous cancer after endoscopic resection of gastric dysplasia. PMID: 28728313 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Korean J Gastroenter...)

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Local Recurrence and Its Risk Factor after Incomplete Resection of Colorectal Advanced Adenomas: A Single Center, Retrospective Study.

Conclusions: Incompletely resected ACA in older patients or in patients with sessile-type adenomas should be monitored strictly, and if incomplete resection is suspected, rescue therapy must be considered. PMID: 28728314 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Korean J Gastroenter...)

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The Value of Computed Tomography in Preoperative N Staging of Early Gastric Cancer Meeting the Endoscopic Resection Criteria.

Conclusions: The present study suggests that the value of abdominal CT is limited for nodal staging of EGCs that meet the ER indication. PMID: 28728312 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Korean J Gastroenter...)

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Clinical Approach to Incidental Pancreatic Cystic Neoplasm in Outpatient Clinics.

Authors: Woo YS, Lee KT Abstract Cystic lesions of the pancreas are increasingly observed due to increased use of abdominal images. The malignant rate of pancreas cystic lesion varies widely between various types. Identification of malignant or high-risk lesions is important when determining the appropriate course of management. Using these image findings, including cyst size, presence of solid components, and pancreatic duct involvement, the 2012 International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) and the 2015 American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) guidelines provide a rationale in identifying higher risk patients requiring further workups using an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). EUS with fine needle aspiration and cytology allows confirmation of the cyst type and determines the...

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Vaccini, in Lombardia a settembre tavolo per campagna informativa - ArezzoWeb.it

Vaccini, in Lombardia a settembre tavolo per campagna informativa ArezzoWeb.it Per questo "il vaccino anti-Hpv assume un ruolo fondamentale nella prevenzione di questo e di tutta una serie di tumori (della vulva e della vagina, anale, del pene, testa-collo), anche nei maschi, che registrano nella maggior parte dei casi tassi di ...

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How Might John McCain Survive Brain Cancer?

The revered GOP Senator is the beneficiary of top-notch healthcare, but he faces a daunting, relentless disease. (Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post)

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The effects of adenotonsillar hypertrophy corrective surgery on left ventricular functions and pulmonary artery pressure in children

Comparison of left ventricular functions in preoperative and postoperative periods of children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) who have findings of upper airway obstruction (UAO), using echocardiographic parameters. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)

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Vowel intelligibility in children with cochlear implants: An acoustic and articulatory study

This study investigates speech production and intelligibility in children with CI using acoustic and articulatory measures. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)

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Homozygous mutations in PJVK and MYO15A genes associated with non-syndromic hearing loss in Moroccan families

In this study, we investigated the geneticcause of sensorineural hearing loss in Moroccan patients and presented the importance of whole exome sequencing (WES) to identify candidate genes in two Moroccan families with profound deafness. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)

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Beware! Live Virus in Oncologic Therapy: Talimogene Laherparepvec (TVEC) and Nursing Considerations

Melanoma is the most common form of skin cancer. According to the American Cancer Society (2016), melanoma accounts for 76,380 estimated diagnosed new cases and 10,130 deaths in the United States each year. With the increasing numbers of melanoma cases, a new oncolytic drug, Talimogene laherparepvec (TVEC), was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the local treatment of melanoma tumors, recurrent after initial surgery. TVEC contains an attenuated live herpes simplex 1 virus which is genetically modified to replicate inside tumors, causing rapid oncolysis. (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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Sustaining a CAUTI Prevention Bundle

Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) prevention is an institutional effort to reduce the rate of nosocomial infection in acutely ill oncology patients. Sustaining a CAUTI prevention program in the Post Anesthesia Care Units (PACU) can present challenges. The onboarding of new staff members and practice change for tenured staff presented opportunities for improvement in maintaining CAUTI prevention measures. (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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Chemotherapy and Perioperative Nurses

The University Of Chicago Medicine (UCM) reestablished chemotherapy infused surgical cases following expansion of our oncology program. There was a need to update policy and guidelines related to safe handling of chemotherapy due to several changes including: post-operative patient disposition from the intensive care unit to the post-anesthesia recovery unit [PACU]; regulatory guideline revisions by National Institute for Occupational Safety Health (NIOSH) and other federal agencies; and recommendations by the Oncology Nurse Society (ONS) to minimize exposure to perioperative nurses when working with hazardous drugs. (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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A Standardized and Systematic Approach to Intravescicular Mitomycin –C Administration in the PACU

In a leading oncology Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU), nurses are responsible for instilling mitomycin-c into the bladder via a urinary diversion device post-surgery. After evaluation of our current process, it was determined that there was a variation in the delivery of chemo therapy and knowledge deficit of this high risk low frequency procedure. Therefore, a multidisciplinary task force was created to identify barriers to best practice, standardize the delivery of intravescicular chemotherapy and provide education and resource material for the PACU nursing team. (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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To Void or not to Void

Post-Operative Urinary Retention (POUR) is a common phenomenon and is associated with many risk factors. Identifying high risk patient populations and assessing them for voiding will enhance patient safety. A need was identified to have a standardized voiding criteria guideline in place to improve the standardization among Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) nursing providers. A knowledge gap was acknowledged in determining voiding criteria for surgical oncology patients. Based on this identified knowledge gap, a nursing initiative was developed to evaluate the literature and determine best practice guidelines for nursing staff. (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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Does Mandatory Nursing Education on Malignant Hyperthermia Enhance Nursing Knowledge and Lead to Positive Patient Outcomes?

Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, potentially lethal patient syndrome caused by a hyper-metabolic state that can be precipitated by the administration of volatile inhalation anesthetic agents or depolarizing muscle relaxants. It is essential to be prepared for this rare event that has a very high risk of death to the patient if it occurs without immediate treatment with Dantrium. Education to all nursing staff caring for patients undergoing procedures or surgery that utilize the anesthesia triggering agents is essential. (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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Solving the Mystery of Post Anesthesia Recovery Scores

In a progressive oncology facility that recently transitioned to an electronic health record (EHR), variances in discharge scoring by nursing staff were observed. A focus group was established to identify and address barriers related to consistent understanding and application of post anesthesia recovery scoring and discharge criteria. (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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Standardizing Central Venous Catheter Lab Collection Process to Reduce Risk of Central Line Associated Blood Stream Infection

According to the Centers for Disease Control CDC, an estimated 30,100 central line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) occur in acute care facilities each year. The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals recommends implementing proven guidelines to prevent CLABSI. In a major cancer center, with an average of 60 to 80 surgical procedures performed daily, the risk of CLABSI is significant considering the immunocompromised patient population. Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) nurses committed to infection control developed a standardized process for collecting lab samples from the Central Venous Catheter (CVC). (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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Stop Block & Roll: A Pre-Surgical RN Pilot Program

The Josie Robertson Surgery Center (JRSC) has initiated a pre-surgical Paravertebral Nerve Block (PVNB) program to manage the postoperative pain of patients undergoing oncologic breast surgery with immediate reconstruction. PVNBs are placed by a qualified anesthesiologist in a monitored setting with the use of ultrasound guidance and moderate sedation. Post-operative benefits of the PVNB include: (Source: Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing)

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Physicians ’ self‐reported practice behaviour regarding fertility‐related discussions in paediatric oncology in Sweden

ConclusionsBased on our findings, we recommend structured training in how to communicate about fertility issues in stressful situations, which in turn might increase fertility‐related discussions in paediatric oncology. (Source: Psycho-Oncology)

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A Systematic Review of Patient Oncofertility Support Needs in Reproductive Cancer Patients aged 14 to 45 years of age

ConclusionsPatients desire for clinicians to support their concerns through the provision of adequate information, access to oncofertility services, taking time to discuss oncofertility treatment and concerns, specialised psychological support and responsiveness to individual needs. (Source: Psycho-Oncology)

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Donkey ´s Milk Is Well Accepted and Tolerated by Infants With Cow´s Milk Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome: A Preliminary Study.

Donkey´s Milk Is Well Accepted and Tolerated by Infants With Cow´s Milk Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome: A Preliminary Study. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2017;27(4):269-271 Authors: Mori F, Sarti L, Barni S, Pucci N, Belli F, Stagi S, Novembre E PMID: 28731417 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Oral Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: A Spanish Guideline. Immunotherapy Egg and Milk Spanish Guide (ITEMS Guide). Part I: Cow Milk and Egg Oral Immunotherapy: Introduction, Methodology, Rationale, Current State, Indications, Contraindications, and Oral Immunotherapy Build-up Phase.

CONCLUSIONS: Clinical practice guidelines based on the consensus reached between Spanish experts are presented for the management of OIT with milk and egg. PMID: 28731411 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Eosinophilic Esophagitis After Egg Oral Immunotherapy in an Adult With Egg-Allergy and Egg-Bird Syndrome.

Authors: García Rodríguez R, Méndez Díaz Y, Moreno Lozano L, Extremera Ortega A, Gómez Torrijos E PMID: 28731415 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Lung Sound Analysis Is Useful for Monitoring Therapy in Patients With Bronchial Asthma.

CONCLUSIONS: Similar to respiratory function and FeNO, E/I MF based on LSA is a useful indicator for monitoring the efficacy of therapy in asthmatic patients. PMID: 28731412 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Identification of a Lipid Transfer Protein as a New Allergen From Morus alba Pollen.

Authors: El-Qutob D, Bartolome B, Cuesta J, Mir A, Alberola A, Pastor-Vargas C PMID: 28731414 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Association Between Pollen Exposure and Nasal Cytokines in Grass Pollen-Allergic Children.

Authors: Di Cara G, Panfili E, Marseglia GL, Pacitto A, Salvatori C, Testa I, Fabiano C, Verrotti A, Latini A PMID: 28731413 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Physician, Beware! Drug Fever Without Skin Rashes Can Be Caused by Minocycline.

Authors: Gu W, Shi D, Mi N, Pang X, Liu W PMID: 28731416 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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An Unusual Case of Contact Dermatitis Caused by a Pacemaker Implanted for Neurostimulation.

Authors: Pérez González EL, Medina Alfaro I, Iglesias Cadarso A, Boteanu C PMID: 28731418 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Adult Atopic Dermatitis: Less Certainty, More Challenges.

Authors: Megna M, Patruno C, Balato A, Napolitano M, Balato N PMID: 28731420 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Stevens-Johnson Syndrome After Influenza Vaccine Injection.

Authors: Oda T, Sawada Y, Okada E, Yamaguchi T, Ohmori S, Haruyama S, Yoshioka M, Nakamura M PMID: 28731419 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Reply to "Adult Atopic Dermatitis: Less Certainty, More Challenges".

Reply to "Adult Atopic Dermatitis: Less Certainty, More Challenges". J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2017;27(4):278 Authors: Silvestre-Salvador JF, Romero-Pérez D, Encabo-Durán B PMID: 28731421 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology)

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Clinical outcomes after interstitial brachytherapy for early-stage nasal squamous cell carcinoma

We report our experience of BT for early-stage nasal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). (Source: Brachytherapy)

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Three Year Results of a Prospective Study on Focal Salvage HDR Prostate Brachytherapy After Previous Definitive External Beam Radiotherapy (XRT)

The objectives of this pilot study are to explore the toxicities, QOL and efficacy of focal salvage HDR brachytherapy in patients with MRI-visible biopsy-confirmed local recurrence after previous definitive XRT. (Source: Brachytherapy)

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The treatment and outcome analysis of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid

Publication date: Available online 22 July 2017
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx
Author(s): Ryuji Yasumatsu, Masanobu Sato, Ryutaro Uchi, Takafumi Nakano, Kazuki Hashimoto, Ryunosuke Kogo, Masahiko Taura, Mioko Matsuo, Torahiko Nakashima, Takashi Nakagawa
ObjectivesPrimary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the thyroid is a rare disease. It usually presents with locally advanced disease and has an overall poor prognosis. In this study, we investigated the characteristics and outcomes of patients with SCC of the thyroid, and reported our experience with chemotherapy with lenvatinib in the treatment of SCC of the thyroid.MethodsThe management outcome of 10 patients who had SCC of the thyroid between January 2000 and 2015 at Kyushu University Hospital or associated facilities was reviewed.ResultsThere were 3 males and 7 females, ranging in age from 53 to 77 years. Extent of disease was staged as follows: stage IVA, 3 cases; stage IVB, 3 cases; stage IVC, 4 cases. Only tracheostomy was applied for 2 cases, surgical resection, such as total thyroidectomy and neck dissection, for the other 8 cases. Radiotherapy following surgical treatment was applied for 9 cases. Four patients started on oral lenvatinib due to recurrent or progressive SCC of the thyroid. The one year actuarial survival rate of patients was 22.7%. There was no 2-year survivor of all patients.ConclusionsTreatment should primarily be targeted at surgical resection with negative margins in patients with resectable disease. Lenvatinib may show promise to potentially extend survival.



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Vaccini, in Lombardia a settembre tavolo per campagna informativa - Resto al Sud

Vaccini, in Lombardia a settembre tavolo per campagna informativa Resto al Sud Per questo "il vaccino anti-Hpv assume un ruolo fondamentale nella prevenzione di questo e di tutta una serie di tumori (della vulva e della vagina, anale, del pene, testa-collo), anche nei maschi, che registrano nella maggior parte dei casi tassi di ... and more »

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Allo Ieo i protoni ad alta velocità: entro il 2020 un centro hi-tech ... - Corriere della Sera

Meteo Web

Allo Ieo i protoni ad alta velocità: entro il 2020 un centro hi-tech ... Corriere della Sera Sarà ospitato all'interno dello «Ieo-3», il nuovo modulo dell'ospedale di via Ripamonti. Il suo impiego sarà utile soprattutto per i tumori pediatrici e per alcune ... Tumori: l'IEO si fa in 3 per ospitare il super raggio anticancro - Meteo ...Meteo Web all 9 news articles »

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The role of interleukin 8 and matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in breast cancer treated with tamoxifen cell lines.

CONCLUSIONS: IL8 showed a tendency to act as an unfavorable parameter while MMP9 showed a tendency to act as a favorable parameter of response to tamoxifen, whereas the role of MMP2 as a potential predictive parameter is more complex. The results indicate that possible existence of positive feedback between IL8 and MMP9 might contribute to progression of breast cancer. PMID: 28730767 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Clinical significance of microvessel density and proliferation in prostate cancer core biopsy.

CONCLUSION: This study showed that PC expressed significantly higher values of Ki67 and CD34 in comparison to BPH. The values of proIDX and mvdIDX obtained by core biopsy could clearly show the level of cancer progression expressed through highly correlated Gleason score. In this way it is possible to identify the patients at high risk for disease progression. PMID: 28730786 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Study on the effect of integrin ανβ6 on the proliferation and apoptosis of thyroid carcinoma cells.

CONCLUSION: Integrin ανβ6 can mediate the MAPK signal pathway of the cells and regulate the expression of CyclinB1 and the apoptosis-related proteins like Bcl-x1 and Caspase-2, thus affecting the process of the proliferation and apoptosis of thyroid carcinoma cells. PMID: 28730778 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Association of ferritin with prostate cancer.

CONCLUSIONS: Ferritin is a potential urinary biomarker to discriminate between PCa and BPH patients. PMID: 28730787 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Biomarkers for the early detection of relapses in metastatic colorectal cancers.

CONCLUSIONS: The evaluated biomarkers could be useful prognostic factors for survival. Baseline CEA also has predictive value, suggesting that patients with low levels do not benefit from bevacizumab. A non-statistically significant correlation was observed between the number of CTCs and outcome. PMID: 28730771 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk: a meta-analysis.

CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggests that VEGF-634 G allele carrier may increase gastric cancer risk, whereas the VEGF +1612 G/A G allele and G allele carrier may decrease the risk. No association between+936C/T, -460C/T, -2578C/A, -1154G/A polymorphisms and susceptibility to gastric cancer was found. PMID: 28730780 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Topoisomerase I deregulation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas based on tissue microarray analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: Topo I overexpression is observed in a significant subset of LSCCs affecting the level of differentiation in them. Additional molecular studies focused on the mechanism of Topo I gene/protein deregulation (i.e. amplification, abnormal epigenetic promoter methylation, mRNA aberrant expression) are necessary discriminating the eligible patients for applying specific chemotherapeutic strategies based on anti-Topo I agents. PMID: 28730788 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Long non-coding RNA XIST functions as an oncogene in human colorectal cancer by targeting miR-132-3p.

CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that lncRNA XIST is a potential oncogene in CRC, and could promote CRC cell proliferation through inhibiting miR-132-3p, which may provide a new therapeutic target of CRC. PMID: 28730777 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Quality of nursing care as perceived by cancer patients: A cross-sectional survey in four European countries.

CONCLUSION: Quality of nursing care as perceived by cancer patients was high, but differed between the four countries. The impact of the clinical status of cancer patients on the quality of nursing care and managerial factors such as staffing/nursing care delivery models that influence the ability of nurses to offer high quality care should also be explored by more focused studies. PMID: 28730789 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Characteristics and outcomes of patients with multifocal/multicentric and unifocal breast cancer.

CONCLUSION: The prognostic value of MF/MC disease is still not well known, although some studies have suggested that it is associated with a worse prognosis. This study showed no statistically significant difference in the 5-year LRFS and OS between UF and MF/MC groups. PMID: 28730770 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Perioperative systemic chemotherapy for peritoneal mucinous appendiceal carcinomas treated with cytoreductive surgery & HIPEC.

CONCLUSION: We suggest that perioperative systemic chemotherapy serves as a helpful therapeutic tool in the management of peritoneal mucinous appendiceal carcinomas treated with cytoreductive surgery & HIPEC. PMID: 28730790 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Modulatory effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer.

CONCLUSION: Changes in hormone receptor status, HER2 status and Ki-67 occurred after NAC in patients with LABC. A change from negative to positive hormone receptor status and HER2 status offers new treatment options, like endocrine therapy, and/or trastuzumab therapy for breast cancer patients. The decrease of Ki-67 expression after NAC was associated with better outcome. PMID: 28730768 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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A mathematical optimization model for efficient assignment of inpatients in an oncology center in China.

Authors: Lv M, Kou B, Zhou ZL, He WB Abstract This paper addresses a problem for assignment of chemo-receiving inpatients in an oncology care center, which has not been addressed in the literature. Chemotherapy is regarded as one of the most effective treatments for cancer. In recent years, as cancer incidence increased, the number of patients admitted to a cancer treatment center has also been rising. How to balance the workload of medical service resources by planning admission of patients has become an essential problem that must be given consideration by policy- makers. The allocation of chemotherapy patients, different from that of the routine inpatients, is restrained by treatment agreements of patients and presents periodic features. Therefore, the allocation of chemotherapy...

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DNA mismatch repair deficiency in lung and oral cavity carcinomas: the role of histogenetic origin.

Authors: Spetsotaki KN, Tsiambas E, Stamatelopoulos A, Fotiades PP, Kastanioudakis I, Tomos P, Ragos V Abstract DNA mismatch repair system (DNA MMR) is a crucial genetic mechanism for DNA homeostasis in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. During DNA replication and also recombination, point intra-nucleotide errors including base deletion, insertion, and mis-incorporation happen. These raised abnormalities in the newly synthesized DNA strand could affect negatively the stability of the molecule and the function of the corresponding genes. DNA MMR proteins prevent these errors by recognizing and repairing them, securing directly the normal anatomy of the DNA double strand and indirectly the expression of the genes. Specific genomic alterations - mutations, loss of heterozygosity (LOH),...

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Predictive markers for trastuzumab-associated cardiac dysfunction in patients with early-stage human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer receiving trastuzumab.

Authors: Altundag K PMID: 28730792 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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A comparative study on postoperative mortality prediction of SFLI scoring system and Child-Pugh classification in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

CONCLUSION: The SFLI scoring system is very useful in the assessment of liver function and postoperative mortality, and its grading standard is much better than the traditional Child-Pugh classification in many aspects. PMID: 28730779 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Athens Eye Hospital Ocular Oncology multidisciplinary team providing combined treatments for patients with choroidal melanoma: 3 years results.

Authors: Anastasakis A, Zafeirakis P, Livir-Rallatos C, Livir-Rallatos G, Hayran M PMID: 28730793 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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Institutional variations in nutritional aspects of enhanced recovery pathways after elective surgery for colon cancer.

CONCLUSION: Therefore, we believe that further education of the medical and allied health professional staff is required regarding the correct implementation of ERAS pathway guidelines after elective surgery for colorectal cancer. PMID: 28730776 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of B.U.ON.)

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The effects of adenotonsillar hypertrophy corrective surgery on left ventricular functions and pulmonary artery pressure in children

Comparison of left ventricular functions in preoperative and postoperative periods of children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy (ATH) who have findings of upper airway obstruction (UAO), using echocardiographic parameters.

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Metal megastars Iron Maiden bring 'Monstrance' performance to demon-themed Barclays concert - New York Daily News

New York Daily News

Metal megastars Iron Maiden bring 'Monstrance' performance to demon-themed Barclays concert New York Daily News ... screaming guitars and more energy than many younger bands of today. Frontman Bruce Dickinson quickly proved that he's made a full recovery from a tongue cancer diagnosis just a couple years ago, showing off his powerful vocals in the band's opener, ... and more »

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Myeloid suppressor cells in cancer and autoimmunity.

Authors: Sica A, Massarotti M Abstract A bottleneck for immunotherapy of cancer is the immunosuppressive microenvironment in which the tumor cells proliferate. Cancers harness the immune regulatory mechanism that prevents autoimmunity from evading immunosurveillance and promoting immune destruction. Regulatory T cells, myeloid suppressor cells, inhibitory cytokines and immune checkpoint receptors are the major components of the immune system acting in concert with cancer cells and causing the subversion of anti-tumor immunity. This redundant immunosuppressive network poses an impediment to efficacious immunotherapy by facilitating tumor progression. Tumor-associated myeloid cells comprise heterogeneous populations acting systemically (myeloid-derived suppressor cells/MDSCs) and/or ...

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Twenty-five years of gene therapy for genetic diseases and leukemia: The road to marketing authorization of the first ex vivo gene therapies.

Twenty-five years of gene therapy for genetic diseases and leukemia: The road to marketing authorization of the first ex vivo gene therapies. J Autoimmun. 2017 Jul 16;: Authors: Bordignon C PMID: 28724503 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Autoimmunity)

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Infectious and Noninfectious Pulmonary Complications in Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders.

Authors: Yazdani R, Abolhassani H, Asgardoon M, Shaghaghi M, Modaresi M, Azizi G, Aghamohammadi A Abstract Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are caused by 1 or more defects of the immune system. Patients are more likely to experience recurrent and/or severe infections and tend to develop a wide range of complications. Respiratory diseases are the main and initial manifestation in most cases and the most common complication. Pulmonary complications cause significant morbidity and mortality in patients with PIDs. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent or at least slow the development of respiratory complications. Since the spectrum of pulmonary complications in PIDs is broad, we divided pulmonary complications into upper respiratory complications (eg, sinusitis...

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Novel Bivalent Viral-Vectored Vaccines Induce Potent Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses Conferring Protection against Stringent Influenza A Virus Challenge.

Authors: Tully CM, Chinnakannan S, Mullarkey CE, Ulaszewska M, Ferrara F, Temperton N, Gilbert SC, Lambe T Abstract Seasonal influenza viruses are a common cause of acute respiratory illness worldwide and generate a significant socioeconomic burden. Influenza viruses mutate rapidly, necessitating annual vaccine reformulation because traditional vaccines do not typically induce broad-spectrum immunity. In addition to seasonal infections, emerging pandemic influenza viruses present a continued threat to global public health. Pandemic influenza viruses have consistently higher attack rates and are typically associated with greater mortality compared with seasonal strains. Ongoing strategies to improve vaccine efficacy typically focus on providing broad-spectrum immunity; although B an...

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IL-7 Restores T Lymphocyte Immunometabolic Failure in Septic Shock Patients through mTOR Activation.

Authors: Venet F, Demaret J, Blaise BJ, Rouget C, Girardot T, Idealisoa E, Rimmelé T, Mallet F, Lepape A, Textoris J, Monneret G Abstract T lymphocyte alterations are central to sepsis pathophysiology, whereas related mechanisms remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that metabolic alterations could play a role in sepsis-induced T lymphocyte dysfunction. Samples from septic shock patients were obtained at day 3 and compared with those from healthy donors. T cell metabolic status was evaluated in the basal condition and after T cell stimulation. We observed that basal metabolic content measured in lymphocytes by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was altered in septic patients. Basal ATP concentration, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and glycolysis pathways in T cells w...

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Induction of Regulatory T Cells and Its Regulation with Insulin-like Growth Factor/Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-4 by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Authors: Miyagawa I, Nakayamada S, Nakano K, Yamagata K, Sakata K, Yamaoka K, Tanaka Y Abstract Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent and exert anti-inflammatory effects, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the current study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of regulatory T cell (Treg) induction through the growth factors released by human MSCs. Human naive CD4(+) T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3/28 Abs and cocultured with human MSC culture supernatant for 48 h. The proliferation and cytokine production of CD4(+) T cells and surface molecule expression on CD4(+) T cells were evaluated. The proliferation of anti-CD3/28 Abs-stimulated CD4(+) T cells was suppressed by the addition of human MSC culture supernatant; in addition, the produ...

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Galectin-1-Driven Tolerogenic Programs Aggravate Yersinia enterocolitica Infection by Repressing Antibacterial Immunity.

Authors: Davicino RC, Méndez-Huergo SP, Eliçabe RJ, Stupirski JC, Autenrieth I, Di Genaro MS, Rabinovich GA Abstract Yersinia enterocolitica is an enteropathogenic bacterium that causes gastrointestinal disorders, as well as extraintestinal manifestations. To subvert the host's immune response, Y. enterocolitica uses a type III secretion system consisting of an injectisome and effector proteins, called Yersinia outer proteins (Yops), that modulate activation, signaling, and survival of immune cells. In this article, we show that galectin-1 (Gal-1), an immunoregulatory lectin widely expressed in mucosal tissues, contributes to Y. enterocolitica pathogenicity by undermining protective antibacterial responses. We found higher expression of Gal-1 in the spleen and Peyer's patches of ...

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Efficiency and Safety of CRAC Inhibitors in Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Xenograft Models.

Authors: Liu S, Hasegawa H, Takemasa E, Suzuki Y, Oka K, Kiyoi T, Takeda H, Ogasawara T, Sawasaki T, Yasukawa M, Maeyama K Abstract Store-operated Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and have been studied as therapeutic targets in the management of RA. We investigated the efficacy and safety of CRAC inhibitors, including a neutralizing Ab (hCRACM1-IgG) and YM-58483, in the treatment of RA. Patient-derived T cell and B cell activity was suppressed by hCRACM1-IgG as well as YM-58483. Systemically constant, s.c. infused CRAC inhibitors showed anti-inflammatory activity in a human-NOD/SCID xenograft RA model as well as protective effects against the destruction of cartilage and bone. hCRACM1-IgG appeared to be sa...

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IL-10-Producing Infliximab-Specific T Cells Regulate the Antidrug T Cell Response in Exposed Patients.

Authors: Vultaggio A, Nencini F, Pratesi S, Cammelli D, Totaro M, Romagnani S, Maggi E, Matucci A, ABIRISK Consortium Abstract Infliximab (IFX) is a chimeric mAb that can lead to the appearance of anti-drug Abs. Recent research has identified the presence of circulating IFX-specific T cells in treated patients. The aim of the study was to analyze the functional characteristics of IFX-specific T cells, in particular their capability to produce biologically active regulatory cytokines. Drug-stimulated PBMCs or coculture systems were used to detect memory T cells in treated patients. The cytokines produced by IFX-specific T cells, T cell lines, and T cell clones were evaluated at the mRNA and protein levels. Drug infusion induced an increase in IL-10 serum levels in vivo, whereas othe...

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UALCAN: A Portal for Facilitating Tumor Subgroup Gene Expression and Survival Analyses.

Authors: Chandrashekar DS, Bashel B, Balasubramanya SAH, Creighton CJ, Ponce-Rodriguez I, Chakravarthi BVSK, Varambally S Abstract Genomics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project has led to the comprehensive molecular characterization of multiple cancer types. The large sample numbers in TCGA offer an excellent opportunity to address questions associated with tumo heterogeneity. Exploration of the data by cancer researchers and clinicians is imperative to unearth novel therapeutic/diagnostic biomarkers. Various computational tools have been developed to aid researchers in carrying out specific TCGA data analyses; however there is need for resources to facilitate the study of gene expression variations and survival associations across tumors. Here, we report UALCAN, an eas...

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Transarterial chemoembolization combined with recombinant human adenovirus type 5 H101 prolongs overall survival of patients with intermediate to advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a prognostic nomogram study.

CONCLUSIONS: TACE plus H101 extends the survival of patients with intermediate to advanced HCC. Our proposed nomogram provides individual survival prediction and stratification for patients with intermediate to advanced HCC who receive TACE with or without H101. PMID: 28728568 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer)

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Insurers set for backlash as they look to make stage one cancer not 'critical' enough for full cover - This is Money

This is Money

Insurers set for backlash as they look to make stage one cancer not 'critical' enough for full cover This is Money The industry argues that many stage one cancers are no longer 'critical' because five-year survival rates are close to 100 per cent. It also fears that as such cancers – thyroid for example – become more easily detectable, it will be hit by a tsunami ...

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Judge suffering cancer jailed in Kocaeli, wife under detention in Tokat - Turkey Purge

Turkey Purge

Judge suffering cancer jailed in Kocaeli, wife under detention in Tokat Turkey Purge Mustafa Babayiğit, a Turkish judge who reportedly suffers from thyroid cancer, has been sent to jail by a Kocaeli court, while his wife, Songül Babayiğit who is also a judge, has been held in custody in Tokat. The judge couple is accused of having ...

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Auto: folta pattuglia di piloti orvietani alla Coppa Carotti al Terminillo - Sporterni.it

Sporterni.it

Auto: folta pattuglia di piloti orvietani alla Coppa Carotti al Terminillo Sporterni.it Macchina preparata dalla scuderia MPM, come quella di Mattia Chioccia, che abbandona momentaneamente il trattore e prova a confermare i recenti progressi e Marco Berardi, alla guida, rispettivamente, della Citroen Saxo 1600 gr. N e della C1 1150 E1. Piloti orvietani a Rieti | Orvietonews.itOrvietoNews.it all 12 news articles »

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Novel Menadione Hybrids: Synthesis, anticancer activity and cell based studies

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Menadione based triazole hybrids were synthesized by employing copper catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity against five selected cancer cell lines. Compound 6 showed higher potency than the standard tamoxifen and parent menadione against MCF‐7 cell line, arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induced apoptotic cell death. (Source: Chemical Biology and Drug Design)

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Polymorphic Variation in Double Strand Break Repair Gene in Indian Population: A Comparative Approach with Worldwide Ethnic Group Variations

AbstractDNA repair capacity is essential in maintaining cellular functions and homeostasis. Identification of genetic polymorphisms responsible for reduced DNA repair capacity may allow better cancer prevention. Double strand break repair pathway plays critical roles in maintaining genome stability. Present study was conducted to determine distribution ofXRCC3 Exon 7 (C18067T, rs861539) andXRCC7 Intron 8 (G6721T, rs7003908) gene polymorphisms in North Indian population and compare with different populations globally. The genotype assays were performed in 224 normal healthy individuals of similar ethnicity using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Allelic frequencies of wild type were 79% (C) inXRCC3 Exon 7 C  >  T and 57% (G) inXRCC7 Intr...

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The prevalence of constipation at admission and after one week of palliative care: a multicenter study.

CONCLUSION: Constipation is present in approximately two-thirds of patients, and is principally associated with dehydration and the use of benzodiazepines. Patients with normal bowel function at initial assessment may see a worsening in their condition a week later due to lack of prevention or subsequent under-treatment. PMID: 28728515 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Medical Research and Opinion)

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An update on biomarker discovery and use in systemic sclerosis.

Authors: Matsushita T, Takehara K Abstract INTRODUCTION: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition in the skin and internal organs. Three major abnormalities, autoimmunity, vasculopathy, and fibrosis, are considered to play important roles in the pathophysiology of SSc. SSc is a heterogeneous disease with clinical features, disease progress, therapeutic response, and prognosis. Therefore, identification of biomarkers, which can predict the course of the disease, is required for the progress of clinical practice. Area covered: This review focuses on various SSc biomarkers for diagnosis, disease severity, and activity, as well as newly emerging and promising SSc biomarkers. Search was through PubMed and we focus on th...

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Tories 'failed to tell cancer sufferers the truth' over impact of Brexit on radiotherapy resources - Mirror.co.uk

Mirror.co.uk

Tories 'failed to tell cancer sufferers the truth' over impact of Brexit on radiotherapy resources Mirror.co.uk They cited imports used in the treatment of thyroid cancer and bone tumours. Wim Oyen of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine added: "The transport of isotopes across borders is regulated. Rebel Tories have strongly refuted Damian Green's ...

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ABR Radiation Oncology Timelines

Hello peeps, I just started PGY-4 and searched the ABR website for timeline of exams. It was not so clear. When do we write the exam at the end of fourth year? How do we register for it? Thank you! And please let me know how you found that information. Atom (Source: Student Doctor Network)

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Pathologist vs Biomedical Science

Thread Starter Pathologist vs Biomedical Science Follow 15 minutes ago 15m ago Quote: Originally Posted by OwlOfFire Thank you for replying, I hadn't thought about how technology may take over those jobs in the future. I think I would find direct contact with patients challenging. I am also apprehensive about starting a 5 year degree that I am not completely committed to. A lot of people have told me that those who study medicine ar...

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Transumbilical laparoendoscopic single ‐site radical prostatectomy and cystectomy with the aid of transurethral port: a feasibility study

ConclusionLESS‐RP and LESS‐RC are feasible and safe with the aid of transurethral port. Operating through the transurethral port might overcome the challenges posed by the single port laparoscopic approach.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: BJU International)

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Carboxy-terminus Hsc70 interacting protein exerts a tumor inhibition function in head and neck cancer.

In conclusion, we demonstrated that suppressed expression of CHIP may result in the progression of HNCs. PMID: 28731191 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Oncology Reports)

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MEG3 is a prognostic factor for CRC and promotes chemosensitivity by enhancing oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis.

In conclusion, our integrated approach demonstrated that decreased expression of lncRNA MEG3 in CRC confers potent poor therapeutic efficacy, and that MEG3 promotes chemosensitivity by enhancing oxaliplatin-induced cell apoptosis. Thus, overexpression of MEG3 may be a future direction by which to develop a novel therapeutic strategy to overcome oxaliplatin resistance of CRC patients. PMID: 28731151 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Oncology Reports)

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SYPL1 overexpression predicts poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and associates with epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Authors: Chen DH, Wu QW, Li XD, Wang SJ, Zhang ZM Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, which is mainly due to relapse and metastasis. Synaptophysin-like 1 (SYPL1), a member of SYP family proteins, exerts complicated functions, which prompted us to wonder whether SYPL1 contributed to HCC progress. Herein, we performed integrative experiments of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and found that SYPL1 overexpression in HCC tissues was closely correlated with several malignant clinicopathologic features of HCC. The results from IHC in serial sections of HCC tissues further indicated that SYPL1 expression was associated with epithelial-mesenchymal ...

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MicroRNA-106a promotes cell migration and invasion by targeting tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in cervical cancer.

In conclusion, our data indicated that miR-106a promoted the migration, invasion and MMP expression of CC by targeting TIMP2, and may represent a novel potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker for CC. PMID: 28731196 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Oncology Reports)

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The long non-coding RNA SNHG3 functions as a competing endogenous RNA to promote malignant development of colorectal cancer.

In conclusion, SNHG3 promoted CRC progression via sponging miR-182-5p and upregulating c-Myc and its target genes. PMID: 28731158 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Oncology Reports)

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Snail maintains metastatic potential, cancer stem-like properties, and chemoresistance in mesenchymal mouse breast cancer TUBO ‑P2J cells.

In this study, we analysed the role of Snail in the highly metastatic mesenchymal TUBO‑P2J mouse breast cancer cells, by loss of function using short hairpin RNA. Though silencing Snail did not restore the E-cadherin expression or induce morphological changes, Snail silencing significantly ablated in vitro and in vivo metastatic potentials. In addition, Snail silencing also reduced resistance to chemotherapy drugs and cancer stem-like properties, such as CD44 expression, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, colony formation, and in vivo tumour formation and growth. However, radioresistance was not decreased by silencing Snail. Collectively, this study suggested that Snail is a main regulator of the maintenance of malignancy potentials and is a good target to prevent cancer metasta...

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Active targeting co-delivery system based on hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles for antitumor therapy in ovarian cancer stem-like cells.

In this study, a co-delivery system based on hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSN) was developed and characterized. We also investigated the in vitro effect of this system on CD117+CD44+A2780 cell line. HMSN was selected as the nanocarrier, with -COOH modified on the surface and doxorubicin (DOX), NVP-AEW 541 (NVP) loaded inside. IGF‑1R was chosen as the drug target, apoptosis rate and expression of cyclin B1, Bax, Bcl-xl, p-Akt were used to evaluate the antitumor effect of HMSN‑COOH@DOX fluorescence NVP. The HMSN co-delivery system was successfully synthesized with encapsulation efficiency of 37% (DOX) and 44% (NVP), and high PH-sensitive property was observed. The apoptosis rate of CD117+CD44+A2780 ovarian cancer stem-like cells treated by HMSN co-delivery system were alm...

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Promotion of glycolysis by HOTAIR through GLUT1 upregulation via mTOR signaling.

Authors: Wei S, Fan Q, Yang L, Zhang X, Ma Y, Zong Z, Hua X, Su D, Sun H, Li H, Liu Z Abstract The long non-coding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) plays a key role in the progression of various carcinomas. However, whether or not HOTAIR influences glucose metabolism and the specific underlying mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells remain unclear. In the present study, we found markedly increased HOTAIR expression in 84 HCC tissues and demonstrated that HOTAIR overexpression promoted cell proliferation using Cell Counting Kit-8. The effect on glucose metabolism regulated by HOTAIR in HCC cells was determined by detecting lactate and glucose levels: HOTAIR promoted glycolysis by upregulating glucose transporter isoform 1 (GLUT1) and activating mammalian target...

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miR-216b inhibits glioma cell migration and invasion through suppression of FoxM1.

Authors: Zhang T, Ma G, Zhang Y, Huo H, Zhao Y Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in tumour biological and pathologic processes. In the present study, we aimed to detect the expression and biological role of miR-216b in glioma. Our data showed that miR-216b was significantly downregulated in human glioma tissues and cells. Ectopic expression of miR-216b inhibited the proliferation and invasion of U87 and U251 cells and suppressed the growth of xenograft tumours in vivo. Bioinformatic and luciferase reporter analyses identified Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) as a direct target of miR-216b. Overexpression of miR-216b inhibited the expression of FoxM1 in glioma cells. Rescue experiments demonstrated that co-transfection of FoxM1 lacking the 3'-untranslated region partial...

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Phosphorylation of Bcl-2 plays an important role in glycochenodeoxycholate-induced survival and chemoresistance in HCC.

Authors: Zhou M, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Liao M, Wen S, Yang M Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor and can evolve rapidly to resistance to chemotherapies. Glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDA), which is toxic and hydrophobic, is the main ingredient in the bile and associated with carcinogenesis of gastrointenstinal tumors. Bcl-2 is the most important anti-apoptotic protein and overexpressed in various human tumors. In the present study, we found that GCDA can induce the chemoresistance of human liver cancer cells and specific depletion of Bcl-2 by RNA interference blocks GCDA-stimulated chemoresistance, which indicate the pivotal role of Bcl-2 in such process. Mechanistically, GCDA simultaneously stimulates phosphorylation of Bcl-2 at Ser70 site and activates extra...

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High expression of TRIM29 (ATDC) contributes to poor prognosis and tumor metastasis by inducing epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in osteosarcoma.

High expression of TRIM29 (ATDC) contributes to poor prognosis and tumor metastasis by inducing epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in osteosarcoma. Oncol Rep. 2017 Jul 21;: Authors: Zeng SX, Cai QC, Guo CH, Zhi LQ, Dai X, Zhang DF, Ma W Abstract The association of TRIM29 overexpression with cancer progression and poor clinical prognosis has been reported in the context of several types of cancers. In the present study, we investigated the prognostic relevance of TRIM29 and its involvement in the progression of human osteosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a major role of TRIM29 in osteosarcoma. Our results showed that the expression of TRIM29 in osteosarcoma tissues was much higher than that in normal bone tissues. Furthermo...

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In vivo and in vitro inhibition of human gastric cancer progress by upregulating Kank1 gene.

In vivo and in vitro inhibition of human gastric cancer progress by upregulating Kank1 gene. Oncol Rep. 2017 Jul 17;: Authors: Chen T, Wang K, Tong X Abstract Recent research has found that Kank1 gene, as one of the important members of the Kank gene family, plays an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. As a brand new cancer suppressor gene, its expression is significantly downregulated or missing in various kinds of malignant tumors. However, no report on the specific role of Kank1 in the genesis and development of gastric cancer is available yet. In the present study, we found significantly lower expression of Kank1 gene in human gastric cancer cells. When Kank1 gene was upregulated, it was found that the proliferation of gastric ca...

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Bufalin reverses acquired drug resistance by inhibiting stemness in colorectal cancer cells.

Authors: Sun J, Xu K, Qiu Y, Gao H, Xu J, Tang Q, Yin P Abstract Drug resistance is an obstacle to chemotherapy in tumor patients. Recent studies have shown that the high stemness of cancer cells may be induced by chemotherapeutic drugs, which is correlated with drug resistance. In the present study, we investigated the effects of bufalin on the stemness of colorectal cancer. We found that cisplatin could induce high stemness through the tumorsphere formation assay in vitro and in vivo in the colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and LoVo. In addition, cisplatin-treated tumorsphere cells showed drug‑resistant properties. These results suggested that acquired drug resistance induced by cisplatin in colorectal cancer cells occurred via high stemness. On assessing the effects of buf...

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Anacardic acid induces cell apoptosis of prostatic cancer through autophagy by ER stress/DAPK3/Akt signaling pathway.

In this study we found that anacardic acid inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis and caspase-3/9 activities and Bax protein expression of prostatic cancer. Anacardic acid induced the ER stress inducing factors (BiP, CHOP, p-eIF2α), autophagy, LC3, Beclin-1, Atg 7 and DAPK3 protein expression, and suppressed p-Akt and p-mTOR protein expression of prostatic cancer. Si-CHOP was used to inhibit ER stress in prostatic cancer by anacardic acid, which showed that the cell proliferation was increased, apoptosis, and caspase-3/9 activities and Bax protein expression was suppressed, autophagy, LC3, Beclin-1, Atg 7 and DAPK3 protein expression was reduced, and p-Akt and p-mTOR protein expression was promoted. DAPK3 inhibited p-Akt and p-mTOR protein expression, enhanced the anticancer effe...

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Let-7c-5p inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell apoptosis by targeting ERCC6 in breast cancer.

In this study, we found that let-7c-5p expression was clearly downregulated in breast cancer tissues compared with that of corresponding adjacent tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of let-7c-5p in MCF-7 breast cancer cells could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. The target genes of let-7c-5p were predicted by the way of bioinformatics, and validated by dual luciferase reporter assay and western blotting demonstrating that excision repair cross complementing 6 (ERCC6) gene was a direct target. Collectively, the present study suggested that let-7c-5p acted as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer possibly by negatively regulating ERCC6, which took an important part in nucleotide excision repair and it may provide a new potential strategy for breast cancer t...

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LHX3 is an early stage and radiosensitivity prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma.

Authors: Lin X, Li Y, Wang J, Han F, Lu S, Wang Y, Luo W, Zhang M Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. We previously identified LHX3 as a new preferentially expressed gene in NSCLC. In the present study, we sought to determine its expression, the clinical relevance and the functional roles in NSCLC. LHX3 expression is sharply increased in carcinoma tissues compared to non-carcinoma tissues. Relational analysis reveals a significant association between LHX3 expression and clinical stage (n=172, p=0.032) or radiotherapy (n=167, p=0.022) of patients. LHX3 expression is much higher in the patients at advanced stages (stage III-IV) than in the patients at early stages (stage I-II, p=0.0304), and LHX3 expression is remarkably increased in ...

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ANP32A modulates cell growth by regulating p38 and Akt activity in colorectal cancer.

Authors: Yan W, Bai Z, Wang J, Li X, Chi B, Chen X Abstract Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein-32A (ANP32A) possesses multiple biochemical activities, has been found to be decreased or absent in malignant tumors. However, new findings have shown that it is expressed in greater amounts in advanced cancers than in early-stage tumors. The role and clinical significance of ANP32A in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unknown. In the present study, the expression of ANP32A was assessed in 68 CRC patients by IHC, and then the correlation of its expression with clinicopathological factors was investigated using the Allred, Klein and immune response scoring system analysis. Western blot and real-time PCR analyses were used to assess ANP32A expression and the activity of Akt and p38 ...

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Heat shock-induced HIKESHI protects cell viability via nuclear translocation of heat shock protein 70.

In this study, we examined the intracellular movement of HSP70 during heat shock to investigate the significance of HIKESHI expression in gastric cancer (GC) and determine if HIKESHI inhibition has cytotoxic effects. We examined HIKESHI using GC cell lines and immunostaining in 207 GC tissue samples. HIKESHI expression in GC tissues was associated with the progression of lymphatic invasion. Suppressing HIKESHI using siRNA did not affect cell viability at normal temperatures. However, suppressing HIKESHI during heat shock inhibited HSP70 nuclear transport and suppressed cell viability. Our results suggest that HIKESHI is a marker of cancer progression and that the combination of HIKESHI inhibition and hyperthermia is a therapeutic tool for refractory GC. PMID: 28731175 [PubMed - as supp...

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SMURF1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells.

Authors: Tao Y, Sun C, Zhang T, Song Y Abstract Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 1 (SMURF1), a well-known E3 ubiquitin ligase, targets substrate proteins for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Accumulating studies have shown that SMURF1 acts as an oncogenic factor in human malignancies. However, the clinical significance of SMURF1 and its role in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. The expression of SMURF1 was detected in 68 cases of GC and corresponding tumor-adjacent specimens. Our results revealed that SMURF1 was prominently overexpressed in GC specimens compared to corresponding tumor-adjacent tissues. Furthermore, increased levels of SMURF1 mRNA were also observed in GC cell lines. Clinicopathological detection ascertained that SMURF1-positive expression was associa...

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Achaete-scute Complex Homologue 2 Accelerates the Development of Sj ögren's Syndrome-like Disease in the NOD/ShiLtJ Mouse.

This study examined whether Ascl2 plays a role in the development of SS. NOD/ShiLtJ mice were injected with an Ascl2-overexpression vector, and the infiltration of lymphocytes into salivary and lacrimal glands was assessed. The expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemoattractants for T or B cells was measured. The activation of TFH cells was assessed using a specific marker of TFH cells. Ascl2 level was also measured in SS patients. Overexpression of Ascl2 increased the expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXCR5) in both salivary and lacrimal glands (p<0.0001). Overexpression of Ascl2 also increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemoattractants including interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-8, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), IL-21, and B-c...

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Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA) Signal Sequence Enhances Immunogenicity of MVA-Based Vaccine Against Tuberculosis.

Authors: Kou Y, Xu Y, Zhao Z, Liu J, Wu Y, You Q, Wang L, Gao F, Cai L, Jiang C Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious health problem worldwide, and the only available vaccine, bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), has shown highly variable efficacy in adults against TB. New vaccines are urgently needed, and the modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-based vaccine has emerged as one of the most promising candidates based on many preclinical and early clinical studies over the past few years. However, the maximum tolerable dose and strength of induced immune responses have limited the protective effect of MVA-based prophylactic vaccines. To improve the immunogenicity of MVA-based vaccines, we introduced the tPA signal sequence in order to increase the antigen expression and secretion...

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Aldoxorubicin Shows Promise in Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma

In this interview we discuss the phase III trial of aldoxorubicin in patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma, which showed improved efficacy and reduced toxicity over doxorubicin. (Source: CancerNetwork)

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HIV and cancer teams double up to seek out new disease killers

LONDON, (Reuters) - HIV experts at an international conference starting on Saturday are keenly courting colleagues in oncology to explore whether advances in harnessing the immune system against cancer can help the search for a cure for AIDS. (Source: Reuters: Health)

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Aldoxorubicin Shows Promise in Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma

In this interview we discuss the phase III trial of aldoxorubicin in patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma, which showed improved efficacy and reduced toxicity over doxorubicin. (Source: CancerNetwork)

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HIV and cancer teams double up to seek out new disease killers

LONDON, (Reuters) - HIV experts at an international conference starting on Saturday are keenly courting colleagues in oncology to explore whether advances in harnessing the immune system against cancer can help the search for a cure for AIDS. (Source: Reuters: Health)

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Inhibitory effects of FKBP14 on human cervical cancer cells.

In conclusion, FKBP14 may act as an oncogene through suppressing apoptosis and promoting motility in human cervical carcinogenesis; therefore, it may be considered a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of cervical cancer. PMID: 28731139 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Molecular Medicine Reports)

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Isolation and purification of novel peptides derived from Sepia ink: Effects on apoptosis of prostate cancer cell PC ‑3.

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miR ‑4262 inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation via targeting of GALNT4.

In conclusion, the results demonstrated that miR‑4262 may be involved in the development of colon cancer via targeting of GALNT4. The miR‑4262/GALNT4 axis may be a novel target for diagnosing and understanding the underlying molecular mechanism of colon cancer. PMID: 28731150 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Molecular Medicine Reports)

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Screening of the prognostic targets for breast cancer based co-expression modules analysis.

Authors: Liu H, Ye H Abstract The purpose of the present study was to screen the prognostic targets for breast cancer based on a co-expression modules analysis. The microarray dataset GSE73383 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 15 breast cancer samples with good prognosis and 9 breast cancer samples with poor prognosis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified with the limma package. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was used to perform Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Furthermore, the co‑expression analysis of DEGs was conducted with weighted correlation analysis. The interaction associations were analyzed with the Human Prot...

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Ganoderic acid A inhibits proliferation and invasion, and promotes apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

In conclusion, GA‑A suppressed the proliferation of human HCC cells in vitro and may act as a promising natural therapeutic reagent in the treatment of HCC. PMID: 28731159 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Molecular Medicine Reports)

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Homeobox ‑containing protein 1 loss is associated with clinicopathological performance in glioma.

In conclusion, HMBOX1 may be a potential diagnostic marker in glioma. PMID: 28731165 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Molecular Medicine Reports)

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Integrated analysis of genome ‑wide gene expression and DNA methylation microarray of diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma with TET mutations.

Integrated analysis of genome‑wide gene expression and DNA methylation microarray of diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma with TET mutations. Mol Med Rep. 2017 Jul 21;: Authors: Liu P, Jiang W, Zhao J, Zhang H Abstract Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most frequently occurring type of lymphoid malignancy, has been demonstrated to be associated with mutations of Ten‑Eleven Translocation (TET). In order to explore the association between DLBCL and TET mutations, the present study analyzed the gene expression and methylation profiles in human DLBCL biopsy tissues with wildtype and mutated TET2. The microarray dataset GSE37365, containing two subseries: the genome‑wide gene expression dataset GSE37362 and the DNA methylation microarray dataset GSE37363, was down...

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Upregulation of long non-coding RNA DQ786243 promotes the progression of gastric cancer.

Authors: Shan T, Fan J, Zhao Q, Deng K, Xia J Abstract Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as key regulatory factors in various biological processes. Their dysregulation has been observed in several types of human cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the putative roles of the lncRNA DQ786243 in the progression of GC, as well as evaluate its diagnostic and therapeutic potential in GC. The expression of DQ786243 in 82 pairs of GC tissues and adjacent healthy tissues, as well as in three GC cell lines and a human normal gastric epithelial cell line, was assessed using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the putative correlation between the expression of DQ786243 and various cli...

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Co ‑expression of Axin and APC gene fragments inhibits colorectal cancer cell growth via regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway.

In conclusion, co‑expression of APC5 and Axin genes significantly downregulated Wnt signaling in human SW480 CRC cells and inhibited cell growth, when compared with cells transfected with APC5 alone. These results may provide experimental evidence to support combined gene therapy in CRC. PMID: 28731177 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Molecular Medicine Reports)

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Uncovering the role of brain ‐derived neurotrophic factor/tyrosine kinase receptor B signaling in head and neck malignancies

Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors that was first known as responsible for sustain the growth, function, and plasticity of neural cells. BDNF exerts its effects by binding to the tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB). The BDNF/TrkB axis has been reported to be overexpressed in several neurogenic and non‐neurogenic tumors. Its higher expression was associated with a poor prognosis to patients affected by different human malignancies, tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis; epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and resistance to chemotherapy. BDNF/TrkB represent promising targets to the development of novel anticancer therapies. Some clinical trials are currently evaluating the efficacy of Trk protein‐target drugs in different ty...

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Cervical cancer control in HIV-infected women: Past, present and future

This article reviews advancements in cervical cancer control in HIV-positive women. (Source: Gynecologic Oncology Reports)

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Emerging Therapies in the Management of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma: a Focus on PARP Inhibitors

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe aims of this review are to describe key clinical trials that led to Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approval of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for ovarian cancer treatment, contextualize current indications, and to present future perspectives on the use of PARP inhibitors in this setting.Recent FindingsSince 2014, the FDA has approved three PARP inhibitors for the treatment of relapsed ovarian cancer, initially for patients with BRCA mutations and more recently, for a broader patient population.SummaryHigh-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) account for more than 70% of epithelial ovarian cancers. DNA repair is frequently defective in these cancers, and homologous recombination pathway defects are present in approximately 50% of cases. The ...

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Cade dall'Aiguille de la Brenva, un valdostano ricoverato in ospedale - AostaSera

AostaSera

Cade dall'Aiguille de la Brenva, un valdostano ricoverato in ospedale AostaSera Dopo essere transitato al Pronto Soccorso, l'uomo è stato ricoverato nel reparto di Otorinolaringoiatria con una prognosi di 30 giorni per trauma facciale. Secondo una prima ricostruzione, l'alpinista è scivolato per alcuni metri sul nevaio, poi ... and more »

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Author Index Volume 19 (2017).

Authors: PMID: 28731427 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cancer Biomarkers)

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Colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases: effects of diet and antioxidants.

Authors: Carini F, Tomasello G, Jurjus A, Geagea A, Al Kattar S, Damiani P, Sinagra E, Rappa F, David S, Cappello F, Mazzola M, Leone A Abstract It is well established that oxidative stress is common in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Accordingly, antioxidants are recommended for treatment. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of antioxidants contained in the various types of tea on symptoms and evolution of IBD and colorectal cancer (CRC). Analysis of the literature revealed that the theaflavin-3, 30-digallate (TFDG) contained in black tea, and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) contained in green tea have protective effects against oxidative stress. Moreover, these substances are involved in many biochemical processes responsible for inflammation and proliferation...

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The Cost of Oropharyngeal Cancer in England: a Retrospective Hospital Data Analysis

ConclusionsIn four years the number of patients with oropharyngeal cancer receiving some form of inpatient care increased by more than half, and associated costs increased by three quarters. This reinforces the case for prevention and early detection strategies to help contain this epidemiological and economic burden.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Clinical Otolaryngology)

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Oxidative stress and inhibition of nitric oxide generation underlie methotrexate-induced senescence in human colon cancer cells

Publication date: Available online 21 July 2017 Source:Mechanisms of Ageing and Development Author(s): Magdalena Dabrowska, Lukasz Uram, Zbigniew Zielinski, Wojciech Rode, Ewa Sikora The response of human colon cancer C85 cells to methotrexate takes the form of reversible growth arrest of the type of stress-induced senescence. In the present study it is shown that during C85 cell progression into methotrexate-induced senescence, dihydrofolate reductase, the primary intracellular target for the drug, is stabilized at the protein level and its enzymatic activity, assayed in crude cellular extracts, decreases by 2-fold. Dihydrofolate reductase inhibition results in an increase in dihydrobiopterin level and an ultimate decrease in the tetrahydrobiopterin: dihydrobiopterin ratio in senescent c...

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Clonal analysis of regulatory T cell defect in patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 suggests intrathymic impairment

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology)

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Mucosal ‐associated invariant (MAIT) cells are deficient in systemic sclerosis

ConclusionWe demonstrate that in SSc the frequencies and absolute numbers of MAIT and γδ T cells are significantly reduced in comparison to healthy controls. MAIT and γδ T cells did not correlate with C‐reactive protein, BNP, pulmonary involvement or median skin fibrosis scale, steroid amount or disease duration. In addition, MAIT and γδ T cells decrease did not stratify with gender, interstitial lung disease or active digital ulcers. Functional studies are necessary to determine the signification of MAIT cells decrease in systemic sclerosis.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology)

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MicroRNAs as Multifaceted Players in Glioblastoma Multiforme.

Authors: Mercatelli N, Galardi S, Ciafrè SA Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and inevitably lethal primary brain tumor, with a median survival rate of only 15 months from diagnosis. The current standard treatment involves maximal surgical resection flanked by radiotherapy and chemotherapy with the alkylating agent temozolomide. However, even such aggressive treatment is never curative, and recurrent tumors always arise, commonly in more aggressive, chemo- and radio-resistant forms, leading to untreatable and deadly tumors. MicroRNAs, recognized major players in cancer, are deeply involved in GBM, as shown by more than a decade of studies. In this review, we revise the main milestones of MicroRNA studies in GBM, and the latest relevant discoveries in this f...

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Following MicroRNAs Through the Cancer Metastatic Cascade.

Authors: Grisard E, Nicoloso MS Abstract Approximately a decade ago the first MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) participating in cancer metastasis were identified and metastmiRs were initially only a handful. Since those first reports, MiRNA research has explosively thrived, mainly due to their revolutionary mechanism of action and the hope of having at hand a novel tool to control cancer aggressiveness. This has ultimately led to delineate an almost impenetrable regulatory network: hundreds of MiRNAs transversally dominating every aspect of normal and cancer biology, each MiRNA having hundreds of targets and context-dependent activity. Providing a comprehensive description of MiRNA roles in cancer metastasis is a daunting task; nevertheless, we still believe that grasping the big picture of MiRN...

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MicroRNAs as Key Effectors in the p53 Network.

Authors: Goeman F, Strano S, Blandino G Abstract The guardian of the genome p53 is embedded in a fine-spun network of MicroRNAs. p53 is able to activate or repress directly the transcription of MicroRNAs that are participating in the tumor-suppressive mission of p53. On the other hand, the expression of p53 is under tight control of MicroRNAs that are either targeting directly p53 or factors that are modifying its protein level or activity. Although the most important function of p53 is suggested to be transcriptional regulation, there are several nontranscriptional functions described. One of those regards the modulation of MicroRNA biogenesis. Wild-type p53 is increasing the maturation of selected MicroRNAs from the primary transcript to the precursor MiRNA by interacting with th...

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MicroRNAs in Oncogenesis and Tumor Suppression.

Authors: Barbato S, Solaini G, Fabbri M Abstract MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) have emerged in the last 15 years as central players in the biology of cancer. Increasing lines of evidence have supported their regulatory role in the expression of both oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes, progressively clarifying which genes are modulated by specific MiRNAs dysregulated in cancer. Intriguingly, a "target-specific" understanding of MiRNA function in oncology has been replaced by a more "pathway-specific" vision of their involvement in cancer biology. This work provides a state-of-the-art knowledge of the role of MiRNAs in the most frequently altered signaling pathways in cancer cells and provides an updated overview on some of the most relevant findings trying to decode the complex molecular mec...

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Understanding the Genomic Ultraconservations: T-UCRs and Cancer.

Authors: Fabris L, Calin GA Abstract Transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) are genomic regions conserved across large evolutionary distances, which encode for noncoding RNAs that serve as regulators of gene expression. Although T-UCRs have been linked to multiple aspects of mammalian gene regulation, the roles of their extreme evolutionary conservation remain largely unexplained. Growing body of literature is now focusing on T-UCRs as potential cancer biomarkers or as new drug targets. Here we present an overview of the discoveries so far published about the role of T-UCR in cancer and disease. PMID: 28729024 [PubMed - in process] (Source: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology)

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Impact of MicroRNAs in the Cellular Response to Hypoxia.

Authors: Bertero T, Rezzonico R, Pottier N, Mari B Abstract In mammalian cells, hypoxia, or inadequate oxygen availability, regulates the expression of a specific set of MicroRNAs (MiRNAs), termed "hypoxamiRs." Over the past 10 years, the appreciation of the importance of hypoxamiRs in regulating the cellular adaptation to hypoxia has grown dramatically. At the cellular level, each hypoxamiR, including the master hypoxamiR MiR-210, can simultaneously regulate expression of multiple target genes in order to fine-tune the adaptive response of cells to hypoxia. This review addresses the complex molecular regulation of MiRNAs in both physiological and pathological conditions of low oxygen adaptation and the multiple functions of hypoxamiRs in various hypoxia-associated biological proce...

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MicroRNAs in DNA Damage Response, Carcinogenesis, and Chemoresistance.

Authors: Fang Y, Zhang L, Li Z, Li Y, Huang C, Lu X Abstract In the classical model of tumorigenesis, cancer develops via slowly accumulating mutations that facilitate uncontrolled cell growth and allow cells to escape apoptosis. Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes regulate the key signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Moreover, studies indicate that MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are also key parts of these processes. MiRNAs are short, noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of target genes at the posttranscriptional level. By regulating the expression of numerous cytokines, MiRNAs play crucial roles in cell growth, apoptosis, and stemness maintenance. Abundant evidence demonstrates that MiRNAs can function as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors in accommo...

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Cervical cancer in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Asia: Regional inequalities and changing trends

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: International Journal of Cancer)

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Cancers, Vol. 9, Pages 94: Targeting Platelets for the Treatment of Cancer

Authors: Omar Elaskalani Michael Berndt Marco Falasca Pat Metharom The majority of cancer-associated mortality results from the ability of tumour cells to metastasise leading to multifunctional organ failure and death. Disseminated tumour cells in the blood circulation are faced with major challenges such as rheological shear stresses and cell-mediated cytotoxicity mediated by natural killer cells. Nevertheless, circulating tumour cells with metastatic ability appear equipped to exploit host cells to aid their survival. Despite the long interest in targeting tumour-associated host cells such as platelets for cancer treatment, the clinical benefit of this strategy is still under question. In this review, we provide a summary of the latest mechanistic and clinical evidence to eva...

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Novel clinical and molecular findings in Spanish patients with Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome

ConclusionThis study contributes to increase the pool of clinical manifestations of the NBCCS, as well as increasing the number of pathogenic mutations identified in PTCH1 predisposing to the condition. The inconsistencies found between phenotype and genotype suggest the involvement of other modifying genetic/epigenetic or environmental.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: British Journal of Dermatology)

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Assessment and management of radiotherapy induced toxicity in older patients

Publication date: Available online 21 July 2017 Source:Journal of Geriatric Oncology Author(s): Anita O'Donovan, Michelle Leech, Charles Gillham Radiotherapy is an attractive treatment option for older adults, especially where surgery and chemotherapy pose too great a risk. Radiotherapy toxicity may be divided into acute/early and late effects of treatment. The latter may have limited relevance to an older patient with competing causes of mortality due to significant comorbidity. Altered fractionation regimes have been employed in numerous sites, with no significant toxicity impact. These offer greater convenience in the elderly, especially those with limited social support or in active caregiving roles. As radiotherapy toxicity is site specific, it's important to assess baseline function...

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