Tremella fuciformis Inhibits Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells and Promotes Migration of Human Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader <em>Tremella fuciformis</em> Inhibits Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells and Promotes Migration of Human Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):713-722. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12757. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Natural skin whiteners have been investigated for centuries. The development of preparations that safely achieve whitening of hyper-pigmented skin lesions is a challenge for the cosmetics industry. Furthermore, promoting rapid wound healing and minimizing inflammation in injured skin are key to prevent from abnormal pigmentation in scar tissue. Natural products, including the fungus Tremella fuciformis (TF), are attracting attention as potential sources of lead compounds for these applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated the in vitro effects of TF on melanogenesis in murine B16F10 cells. Melanin and tyrosinase levels were measured after treatment with TF. Wound healing in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (Detroit 551) was also determined via cell migration assay prior to TF exposure. RESULTS: TF significantly dec reased melanin content and tyrosinase expression in a concentration-dependent manner in B16F10 cells. Furthermore, TF promoted wound healing in human HaCaT keratinocytes and Detroit 551 fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: TF proved effectively on inhibiting melanogenesis and promoting wound healing in vitro, demonstrating its potential as a novel skin-whitening agent. However, further clinical studies of safety and efficacy are required. PMID:35241526 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12757 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinical Influence of the Lymph Node Ratio on Lymph Node Metastasis-positive Gastric Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical Influence of the Lymph Node Ratio on Lymph Node Metastasis-positive Gastric Cancer Patients Who Receive Curative Treatment Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):994-1000. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12792. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: The present study investigated the clinical impact of the lymph node ratio (LNR) on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in cancer patients with lymph node metastasis who received curative treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients who received curative surgery for gastric cancer between 2000 and 2015, and in whom lymph node metastasis was pathologically confirmed, were included in this study. The LNR was defined as the ratio of the number of metastatic lymph nodes to the total number of harvested lymph nodes. RESULTS: A lymph node ratio of 0.23 was considered the optimal cutoff point for classification according to OS. Statistically significant differences were observed in the 3- and 5-year OS rates and 3- and 5-year RFS rates. The 3-year and 5-year OS rates in the LNR <0.23 group were 57.6% and 57.6% , respectively, whereas those in the LNR ≥0.23 group were 33.0% and 0% (p<0.001). The 3-year and 5-year RFS rates in the LNR <0.23 group were 45.9% and 43.6%, respectively, whereas those in the LNR >0.23 group were 25.2% and 0% (p=0.002). Regarding the site of first relapse, the incidence rates of peritoneal and lymph node metastasis in the LNR >0.23 group were significantly different in comparison to the LNR <0.23 group. CONCLUSION: A high LNR was associated with significantly worse OS and RFS in patients who received curative treatment for gastric cancer. The lymph node metastasis status should be utilized in the development of treatment strategies for gastric cancer. PMID:35241561 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12792 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cisplatin Versus Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in Radiochemotherapy for Patients With Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Cisplatin <em>Versus</em> Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in Radiochemotherapy for Patients With Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):821-832. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12769. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: The implementation of a platinum-containing regimen is recommended for definitive and adjuvant therapy of patients with locally advanced head and neck tumour. We compared the conditions for the use of cisplatin or carboplatin/paclitaxel or for changing between these two regimens on a clinic-specific basis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We evaluated 150 patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who received simultaneous radiochemotherapy at our institution between 2012 and 2017. Chemotherapy with weekly doses of cisplatin (40 mg/m2, group 1) or, in cases of impaired renal and/or cardiac function, with weekly doses of carboplatin AUC2 and paclitaxel (45 mg/m2, group 2), was performed as a first-choice therapy. If toxicities occurred in group 1, treatment was switched to the carboplatin/paclitaxel regimen (group 3). Patient- and therapy-related parameters, toxicity and survival data were compared across groups. RESULTS: We examined 99, 30, and 21 patients in each group who received at least 1 course of chemotherapy. Group 3 patients switched from cisplatin to carboplatin/paclitaxel after a median of 3 courses due to nephrotoxicity (95.2%). The target of at least 5 chemotherapy courses was most frequently achieved by patients in group 1 (69.7%), followed by group 3 (61.9%) and then group 2 (40.0%). Multivariate analysis revealed that patients who switched groups were more likely to be over 60 years old (p=0.021), undergo definitive radiochemotherapy (p=0.049) and develop higher nephrotoxicity (p=0.036) than group 1 patients. Outcomes did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: When cisplatin application is contraindicated due to renal- or cardiotoxicity, carboplatin/paclitaxel is an appropriate option. PMID:35241538 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12769 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Background Parenchymal Enhancement in Contrast-enhanced Spectral Mammography: A Retrospective Analysis and a Pictorial Review of Clinical Cases

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Background Parenchymal Enhancement in Contrast-enhanced Spectral Mammography: A Retrospective Analysis and a Pictorial Review of Clinical Cases Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):853-858. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12773. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Despite the popularity of contrast enhanced spectral mammography (CESM), univocal classification of the background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), a bilateral enhancement of the normal breast parenchyma after contrast administration, is lacking. The present study aimed to evaluate the application of BPE Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Magnetic Resonance (BI-RADS-MR) score for the CESM BPE. Moreover, a pictorial review of four different cases with CESM is provided. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A single-center, retrospective study from a prospectively maintained database of all women undergoing digital mammography (DM) and CESM in our institution between 2016 and 2019. DM and CESM were classified by two experienced radiologists. RESULTS: No statistically significant difference between DM breast density and BPE CESM classification was fo und. Agreement between readers ranged from substantial to almost perfect. CONCLUSION: BIRADS-RM score for the CESM BPE represents a handy option for radiologists with high inter-reader and DM agreement. PMID:35241542 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12773 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Sequential Loss of Mandibular Permanent Incisors in Noonan Syndrome

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Sequential Loss of Mandibular Permanent Incisors in Noonan Syndrome Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):1021-1029. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12797. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Noonan syndrome (NS) is a multigenic disorder with a highly variable phenotype. Cardiac disorders and a predisposition to neoplasm often require early medical attention. Central giant central lesions (CGCLs) of the jaws are part of the phenotype. CASE REPORT: In a patient with genetically confirmed NS and multiple teeth loss presumably caused by CGCL, careful review of the medical history and radiographic findings made it probable that the cause of tooth loss was cervical root resorption (CRR) of the teeth following long-term orthodontic therapy. CONCLUSION: CRR is a rare dental disease of unknown origin. However, association with prior orthodontic therapy is well documented. In NS, mandibular lesions can occur which, at first glance, might lead the examiner to assume that it is a CGCL, but on closer analysis, obviously are of non-tumoro us origin and should be assessed as coincidental. The report adds relevant information to orthodontic treatment of NS patients. PMID:35241566 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12797 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Predictive Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in Prognosis of Stage III/IV Colorectal Cancer After Oxaliplatin-based First-line Chemotherapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Predictive Value of Circulating Tumor Cells in Prognosis of Stage III/IV Colorectal Cancer After Oxaliplatin-based First-line Chemotherapy Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):806-813. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12767. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Insufficient data exist to support the concept of the circulating tumor cell (CTC) level as a prognostic factor for platinum-based first-line chemotherapy. This study investigated the impact of CTCs on the prognosis of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) after receiving platinum-based chemotherapy. Analyses were carried out of clinicopathological features and molecular phenotypes to clarify independent risk factors for a high CTC count. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients diagnosed with stage III/IV CRC (n=76) were included in the study. The blood samples of patients were evaluated for CTCs using the CellRich™ platform system. Immunohistochemistry (Ias used to analyze epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated biomarkers E-cadherin and vimentin. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were then conducted to analyze the risk fac tors for CTC expression. Additionally, the influence of oxaliplatin on disease-free survival after first-line chemotherapy or during chemotherapy was analyzed through a 2-year follow-up. RESULTS: Patients in the CTC+ group experienced shorter DFS after receiving oxaliplatin first-line chemotherapy than patients in the CTC- group (p<0.01). In addition, univariate analysis revealed that the tumor M-stage, tumor location, RAS mutation, high expression of vimentin, and deletion of E-cadherin expression were correlated with a high CTC count. Multivariate analysis suggested that the presence of RAS gene mutations and high vimentin expression were independent risk factors for high CTC loads (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: CTC positivity can indicate the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy with oxaliplatin in stage III/IV colorectal cancer. This may be linked to tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition in patients with CTCs. Moreover, RAS gene mutation and high expression of vimentin were identified as independent risk factors for a high CTC count. PMID:35241536 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12767 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Generation of Canine CD20-CAR-T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Generation of Canine CD20-CAR-T Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):764-772. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12763. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting CD20 has the potential to become a promising novel treatment for canine B cell lymphoid malignancy. However, the optimal approach for producing potent CAR-T cells with favorable phenotype for dogs remains unknown. In this study, we assessed several culture conditions and their effects on the phenotypic characteristics of CD20-CAR-T cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Canine CAR-T cells were generated by incubating with several mitogens in the presence or absence of Akt inhibitor. Gene transduction efficiency and phenotypic characteristics were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Comparison of several kinds of mitogens revealed that stimulation with phytohemagglutinin has high transduction efficacy, whereas stimulation with concanavalin A was superior in memory T cell formation. Akt inhibition at the initial stage of CAR-T production tended to enhance transduction efficiency and memory T cell formation. CONCLUSION: This study provides a significant insight into the understanding of the ex vivo expansion of canine T cells in adoptive immunotherapy. PMID:35241532 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12763 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Preoperative Ultrasound-guided Sub-areolar Biopsy in Predicting Occult Nipple Involvement in Breast Cancer Patients: Proposal for a Methodological Approach

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Preoperative Ultrasound-guided Sub-areolar Biopsy in Predicting Occult Nipple Involvement in Breast Cancer Patients: Proposal for a Methodological Approach Via In vivo (Athens, Greece) In Vivo. 2022 Mar-Apr;36(2):839-847. doi: 10.21873/invivo.12771. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/AIM: The prediction of a sub-areolar tissue infiltration in breast cancer (BC) patients could be helpful in selecting the best functional outcome according to several reconstructive oncoplastic or radical techniques. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of preoperative ultrasound (US) guided sub-areolar biopsy (SAB) in detecting occult nipple involvement, in comparison with the definitive pathological examination of tissue after surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We prospectively recorded clinical and pathological data of 46 consecutive patients scheduled for breast conserving surgery or nipple-areola sparing mastectomy. All cases underwent preoperative SAB and the results were compared with the histopathology of the dissected tumors and their biological characteristics. All parameters were correlated with nipple involvement by univ ariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, overall accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the SAB examination for nipple staging were 60%, 97.5%, 75% and 95.2%, respectively. According to the clinicopathological features, the bivariate analysis did not show a significant interaction between patient age, tumor size or type, lymph node status, lymphatic vascular invasion, histologic grade, ER, PR, Ki-67 status, HER2 amplification, multifocal or multicentric disease and positive NAC assessment (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: A preoperative sample of retroareolar tissue obtained by US-guided biopsy could be considered a reproducible, mini-invasive diagnostic procedure useful to facilitate immediate breast reconstruction with implants or through conservative oncoplastic approaches, thereby guiding clinical practice. PMID:35241540 | DOI:10.21873/invivo.12771 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Deep Learning Framework for Real‐Time 3D Model Registration in Robot‐Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Deep Learning Framework for Real‐Time 3D Model Registration in Robot‐Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery Via The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery Abstract Introduction The current study presents a Deep Learning framework to determine, in real-time, position and rotation of a target organ from an endoscopic video. These inferred data are used to overlay the 3D model of patient's organ over its real counterpart. The resulting augmented video flow is streamed back to the surgeon as a support during laparoscopic Robot-Assisted procedures. Methods This framework exploits semantic segmentation and, thereafter, two techniques, based on Convolutional Neural Networks and motion analysis, were used to infer the rotation. Results The segmentation shows optimal accuracies, with a mean IoU score greater than 80% in all tests. Different performance levels are obtained for rotation, depending on the surgical procedure. Discussion Even if the presented methodology has various degrees of precision depending on the testing scenario, this work sets the first step for the adoption of Deep Learning and Augmented Reality to generalize the automatic registration process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Submandibular gland transfer for the prevention of radiation‐induced xerostomia in oropharyngeal cancer: Dosimetric impact in the intensity modulated radiotherapy era

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Submandibular gland transfer for the prevention of radiation‐induced xerostomia in oropharyngeal cancer: Dosimetric impact in the intensity modulated radiotherapy era Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Submandibular gland (SMG) transfer decreased radiation-associated xerostomia in the 2/3-dimensional radiotherapy era. We evaluated the dosimetric implications of SMG transfer on modern intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans. Methods Eighteen oropharynx cancer patients underwent SMG transfer followed by IMRT; reoptimized plans using the baseline SMG location were generated. Mean salivary gland, oral cavity, and larynx doses were compared between clinical plans and reoptimized plans. Results No statistically significant difference in mean SMG dose (27.53 Gy vs. 29.61 Gy) or total salivary gland dose (26.12 Gy vs. 26.41 Gy) was observed with or without SMG transfer (all p > 0.05). Mean oral cavity and larynx doses were not statistically different. Neither tumor site, target volume crossing midline, stage, nor salivary gland volumes were associated with mean doses. Conclusions Salivary gland doses were similar with or without SMG transfer. IMRT likely decreases the benefit of SMG transfer on the risk of radiation-associated xerostomia. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Smoothed Cepstral Peak Analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Smoothed Cepstral Peak Analysis of Brazilian Children and Adolescents Speakers Via Journal of Voice Childhood and adolescence are essential stages in the development of voice and speech quality; therefore, it is essential to understand the vocal changes that occur during this period. Frequency-based measurement methods like cepstral measurements stand out among the methods described, which are able to identify fo and estimate the periodicity and noise in the acoustic wave without establishing individual cycles of the sound wave. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.