Differences in location of cerebral white matter hyperintensities in children and adults living with a treated HIV infection: A retrospective cohort comparison

als.fakia shared this article with you from Inoreader Differences in location of cerebral white matter hyperintensities in children and adults living with a treated HIV infection: A retrospective cohort comparison Via PLOS ONE Alerts: New Articles by Jason G. van Genderen, Malon Van den Hof, Anders C. Boyd, Matthan W. A. Caan, Ferdinand W. N. M. Wit, Peter Reiss, Dasja Pajkrt Cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH) persist in children and adults living with HIV, despite effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). As age and principal routes of transmission differ between children (perinatally) and adults (behaviorally), comparing the characteristics and determinants of WMH between these populations may increase our understanding of the pathophysiology of WMH. From separate cohorts of 31 children (NOVICE) and 74 adults (AGEhIV), we cross-sectionally assessed total WMH volume and number of WMH per location (periventricular vs. deep) using fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI images. WMH were either periventricular when within 10mm of the lateral ventricles, or deep otherwise. We assessed patient- or HIV-related determinants of total WMH volume (adjusted for intracranial volume) and location of WMH using logistic regression, while stratifying on children and adults. At enrollment, median age of participants was 13.8 years (IQR 11.4–15.9) for children and 53.4 years (IQR 48.3–60.8) for adults and 27/31 children (87%) and 74/74 adults (100%) had an HIV RNA viral load p3 [425–2617] vs. 109 mm3 [61.7–625], p+ T-lymphocyte nadir with a higher number of periventricular WMH. Our findings suggest that the location of WMH differs between children and adults living with HIV, hinting at a different underlying pathogenesis. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.