Highly Reversible and Rechargeable Safe Zn Batteries Based on a Triethyl Phosphate Electrolyte

Charging for TEP water: A triethyl phosphate based electrolyte for potential use in Zn batteries is investigated. It shows an excellent stability of the Zn anode with a Coulomb efficiency of 99.68 %, a cycling life of Zn/Zn cells of over 3000 h, and a high areal capacity of 5 mAh cm⁻². The results might inspire the development of new safe rechargable Zn batteries.

Abstract

Zinc metal is an attractive anode material for next‐generation batteries. However, dendrite growth and limited Coulombic efficiency (CE) during cycling are the major roadblocks towards the widespread commercialization of batteries employing Zn anodes. In this work we report the novel adoption of triethyl phosphate (TEP) as a solvent and co‐solvent with aqueous electrolytes to obtain a highly stable and dendrite‐free Zn anode. Stable Zn plating/stripping for over 3000 h was obtained, accompanied by a CE of 99.68 %. SEM images of the Zn anodes revealed highly porous interconnected dendrite‐free Zn deposits. The electrolyte displayed good compatibility with both Zn anodes and potassium copper hexacyanoferrate (KCuHCf) cathodes for Zn ion batteries (ZIBs). The full cell showed a long cycling stability and high rate capability. The present work is a contribution towards cost‐effective and safe battery systems.

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