DNA mismatch repair deficiency in lung and oral cavity carcinomas: the role of histogenetic origin.

Authors: Spetsotaki KN, Tsiambas E, Stamatelopoulos A, Fotiades PP, Kastanioudakis I, Tomos P, Ragos V Abstract DNA mismatch repair system (DNA MMR) is a crucial genetic mechanism for DNA homeostasis in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. During DNA replication and also recombination, point intra-nucleotide errors including base deletion, insertion, and mis-incorporation happen. These raised abnormalities in the newly synthesized DNA strand could affect negatively the stability of the molecule and the function of the corresponding genes. DNA MMR proteins prevent these errors by recognizing and repairing them, securing directly the normal anatomy of the DNA double strand and indirectly the expression of the genes. Specific genomic alterations - mutations, loss of heterozygosity (LOH),...

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