Abstract
Background
Psoriasis is a known risk factor for neuro-psychiatric diseases among adults. Less is known regarding adolescents.
Objective
Investigating the association between psoriasis and neuro-psychiatric comorbidity and social skills among adolescents.
Methods
A population based cross-sectional study between January 1st, 1999 and January 1st, 2014 was conducted. The study included 1746 and 1366 adolescents (aged 16 to 18) with mild and moderate to severe psoriasis, respectively. All psoriasis patients were diagnosed by a dermatologist. Neuro-psychiatric diseases were diagnosed by a neurologist and a psychiatrist, accordingly. Social skills were evaluated by a psychosocial assessment. Psoriasis patients were compared to 884653 healthy control patients by a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, country of origin, socio-economic status, cognitive skills and body mass index. A subgroup evaluation was done for comorbidity which could only be evaluated for part of the recruitment years, by a univariate analysis.
Results
Overall chronic headaches (8.1% vs. 3.4%), intermediate frequency migraine (4.8% vs. 1.6%), low frequency migraine and non-migraine headaches (3.4% vs. 1.8%) were associated only with moderate to severe psoriasis compared to healthy controls [Adjusted odds ratios (adj. ORs) 1.9, 2.3, 1.5; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.6-2.4, 1.8-3.0 and 1.1-2.1, respectively]. Anxiety disorders (2.1% vs. 0.7%) and impaired social adjustment skills (7.5% vs. 4.2%) were also associated only with moderate to severe psoriasis compared to healthy controls (ORs 2.9, 1.9; 95% CIs 1.6-5.5 and 1.3-2.6; Of 466 vs. 265023, respectively).
Conclusion
Psoriasis among adolescents is associated with neuro-psychiatric co-morbidities and impaired adjustment skills, depending on disease severity.
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Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182,00306932607174,alsfakia@gmail.com,