A retrospective study of the clinical, histopathological, and direct immunofluorescence spectrum of immunobullous disorders

Viraktamath Chanabasayya, Jayaraman Jyothi, Martis Jacintha, Dandekeri Sukumar

Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venerology 2017 37(2):62-68

Context Immunobullous disorders are a heterogenous group of dermatoses with a variety of frequently changing manifestations. They have remarkable impact on the patients and their family, and have severe economic consequences. The diseases have been the subject of intensive investigation in recent years. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical spectrum of immunobullous disorders and to analyze the correlation between clinical, histopathological, and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) diagnosis in immunobullous disorders of the skin. Patients and methods This cross-sectional, descriptive, chart-based, retrospective study was conducted on 91 clinically suspected immunobullous disorder patients who attended the Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India, between 1 January 2015 and 31 October 2016. Results In 91 cases of suspected immunobullous disorders (50 male and 41 female), bullous pemphigoid was the most common condition (46.15%), followed by pemphigus vulgaris (18.68%) and pemphigus foliaceus (10.98%). Of the 91 patients, histopathological diagnosis was positive in 67 (73.62%) patients and DIF was confirmatory in 55 (60.44%) patients. Conclusion We recommend that clinical, histopathological, and DIF features be taken into consideration to arrive at final diagnosis in immunobullous disorders, as these methods may not be diagnostic individually in each and every case.

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