Restoration contour is a risk indicator for peri-implantitis: A cross-sectional radiographic analysis

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to determine if restoration emergence angle was associated with peri-implantitis.

Materials and Methods

A data set consisting of 96 patients with 225 implants (mean follow-up: 10.9 years) was utilized. Implants were divided into bone level and tissue level groups and radiographs were analyzed to determine the restoration emergence angles, as well as restoration profiles (convex or concave). Peri-implantitis was diagnosed based on probing depth and radiographic bone loss. Associations between peri-implantitis and emergence angles/profiles were assessed using Generalized Estimating Equations.

Results

Eighty-three patients with 168 implants met inclusion criteria. The prevalence of peri-implantitis was significantly greater in the bone level group when the emergence angle was >30 degrees compared to an angle ≤30 degrees (31.3% vs 15.1%, P=0.04). In the tissue level group, no such correlation was found. For bone level implants, when a convex profile was combined with an angle of >30 degrees, the prevalence of peri-implantitis was 37.8% with a statistically significant interaction between emergence angle and profile (p = 0.003).

Conclusions

Emergence angle of >30 degrees is a significant risk indicator for peri-implantitis and convex profile creates an additional risk for bone level implants, but not for tissue level implants.

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