Effect of Nebulized 3% Hypertonic Aline with Salbutamol on Management of Acute Asthma in Outpatient Adults: A Double-blind, Randomized Clinical Trial in Emergency Department

Asthma is one of the most common disorders of respiratory tract, management of which still remains as a serious health problem. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of 3% hypertonic saline (HS) plus salbutamol with solely salbutamol on management of acute adults' asthma based on peak flow meter findings. In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 340 adult patients with acute asthma attacks admitted to emergency department of Ahvaz Golestan and Emam hospitals were enrolled during 2014-2015. The patients were allocated randomly to intervention group (nebulized 2.5 mg of salbutamol and 2.5 mL of 3% HS solution for three consecutive 20-min periods) and control group (nebulized only salbutamol in the same dose and time of the intervention group). The principal outcome measures were forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), which were assessed at baseline, and 20, 40 and 60 minutes after treatment in both groups. HS plus salbutamol resulted in a significant increase compared with solely salbutamol in both PEFR and FEV1 in 40^th min (0.11±1.36; p=0.036 and 0.05±1.16; p=0.033, respectively) and 60^th min (0.15±1.12; p<0.001 and 0.11±1.22; p=0.011, respectively), while no significant difference was observed in baseline and 20^th min. Also, PEFR and FEV1 in both groups significantly increased as the treatment processed and the time passed. The results showed the beneficial effects of 3% HS in management of adults with acute asthma in the short term.

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