Protein glycosylation in viral hepatitis-related HCC: Characterization of heterogeneity, biological roles, and clinical implications

Protein glycosylation is one of the most frequent and well-known posttranslational modifications, playing important roles in physiopathological processes. Glycosylation is catalyzed by enzymatic additions of heterogeneous glycans with specific linkage of monosaccharides and, in a preformed fashion, to specific amino acids within glycoproteins. Altered glycan macroheterogeneity and microheterogeneity have been reported in glycoproteins produced mainly by the liver, facilitating tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis.

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