Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Δευτέρα 7 Αυγούστου 2017

Early hypovolemic shock and abdominal distention due to neonatal splenic rupture: urgency of diagnosis and management

Abstract

Splenic rupture in the neonatal period is a rare condition that can be complicated by hemorrhagic shock. The symptoms are not very specific, rendering the diagnosis difficult and often delayed; sometimes only discovered at autopsy. We report five cases diagnosed in the Rhône-Alpes region of France. From these observations and from a review of the literature, the circumstances of the occurrence, the clinical signs, and the therapeutic possibilities are discussed. In the presence of severe anemia with pallor and abdominal distension, particularly in the context of a difficult birth, an abdominal ultrasound must be urgently performed and surgical management promptly considered.

Conclusion: This pathology must be known to the neonatologist so that she/he can quickly evoke it, given that it can quickly become life-threatening.

What is known:
• Splenic rupture in the neonatal period is a rare condition that can be complicated by hemorrhagic shock and quickly lead to the death of the newborn.
• The symptoms are not very specific, rendering the diagnosis difficult and often delayed.
What is new:
• This is the first publication bringing together as many clinical cases on the subject reporting in particular very serious cases to alert the clinician on this pathology and its diagnostic urgency.
• We propose a clear therapeutic behavior to help the clinician in his daily practice.


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Aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes and pathways in colorectal cancer

Methylation plays an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to identify aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways in CRC by ...

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Kura Oncology's (KURA) CEO Troy Wilson on Q2 2017 Results - Earnings Call Transcript - Seeking Alpha

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Kura Oncology's (KURA) CEO Troy Wilson on Q2 2017 Results - Earnings Call Transcript
Seeking Alpha
The thyroid cohort is ongoing in the first stage. As we previously reported among the 11 evaluable patients in the first stage of the second cohort we observed two objective responses out of three patients with squamous head and neck cancer and as a ...



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Oral administration of geranylgeranylacetone to protect vestibular hair cells

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Publication date: Available online 7 August 2017
Source:Auris Nasus Larynx
Author(s): Shinpei Nagato, Kazuma Sugahara, Yoshinobu Hirose, Yousuke Takemoto, Makoto Hashimoto, Hironori Fujii, Hiroshi Yamashita
ObjectiveWe recently reported that the heat shock response played a major role in the protection of hair cells against stress. Oral administration of the heat shock inducer, geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) protected hair cells against intense noise. In our present study, we investigated the effect of GGA on vestibular hair cell death induced by an aminoglycoside.MethodsWe used CBA/N mice aged 4–6 weeks. The mice were divided into two groups, GGA and control. Mice in the GGA group were fed a diet containing GGA (0.5%) for 4 weeks, and those in the control group were fed a standard diet. Immunohistochemical analyses for Hsp70 were performed in four animals. The utricles of the remaining animals were cultured in medium for 24h with neomycin to induce hair cell death. After fixation, the vestibular hair cells were immunohistochemically stained against calmodulin, and hair cell survival was evaluated.ResultsThe vestibular hair cells of mice in the GGA group expressed Hsp70. In addition, after exposure to neomycin, vestibular hair cell survival was higher in the GGA group than in the control group.ConclusionOur results demonstrated the oral administration of GGA induced the heat shock response in the vestibule and could protect sensory cells.



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Garidisan: Improving the Quality of Ulcer Healing in Rats with Ulcerative Colitis

Garidisan, commonly used in Mongolia to treat ulcerative colitis (UC), contains wild poppy and Artemisia frigida Willd. Clinical evidence shows that Garidisan can effectively treat UC and that recurrence is low. Thus, we evaluated the effects of Garidisan on ulcer healing quality and the regulation of immune balance in rats with experimental UC. UC was induced by immunization with TNBS and Garidisan significantly reduced DAI, CMDI, and HS. H&E staining, SEM, and VG staining showed that Garidisan repaired damaged intestinal mucosa and significantly reduced expression of ICAM-1 and CD105 in regenerated tissues of UC rats. Collagen fibers were significantly fewer as well after treatment. Garidisan elevated EGF, VEGF, bFGF, VEGFR2, and FGFR1 of UC rats, reduced CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ T cell ratios, and increased CD4+Th1/CD4+Th2 cell ratios and IFN-r/IL-4 ratios in peripheral blood of UC rats. In conclusion, Garidisan promoted tissue maturation of regenerated tissues by regulating the immune balance and improved functional maturity of regenerated tissues by reducing collagen formation, promoting maturation of new blood vessels, and increasing expression of growth factors and their receptors.

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Silica Based Superhydrophobic Nanocoatings for Natural Rubber Surfaces

Silica based nonfluorinated superhydrophobic coatings for natural rubber surfaces have been developed. The coating was synthesized using nanosilica dispersion and a polychloroprene type binder as a compatibilizer. This nanocoating of silica was applied on to the surface of finished natural rubber gloves, by spray coating or dipped coating methods. The nanocoating demonstrates a water contact angle of more than 150° and sliding angle of 7°. The morphological features of the coating have been studied using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy while Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to understand the nature of surface functional groups. Both imaging techniques provided evidence for the presence of nanosized particles in the coating. Coated gloves demonstrated comparable mechanical properties and significantly better alcohol resistivity when compared to those of the uncoated gloves.

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A Novel Electric Bicycle Battery Monitoring System Based on Android Client

The battery monitoring system (BMS) plays a crucial role in maintaining the safe operation of the lithium battery electric bicycle and prolonging the life of the battery pack. This paper designed a set of new battery monitoring systems based on the Android system and ARM single-chip microcomputer to enable direct management of the lithium battery pack and convenient monitoring of the state of the battery pack. The BMS realizes the goal of monitoring the voltage, current, and ambient temperature of lithium batteries, estimating the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH), protecting the battery from abuse during charging or discharging, and ensuring the consistency of the batteries by integrating the passive equalization circuit. The BMS was proven effective and feasible through several tests, including charging/discharging, estimation accuracy, and communication tests. The results indicated that the BMS could be used in the design and application of the electric bicycle.

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Does Microscope Assistance in Cold Steel Tonsillectomy Reduce the Risk of Postoperative Hemorrhage? Results of a Prospective Cohort Study

Background. Posttonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) is the most feared complication. Dissection near the tonsillar capsule under microscopic view () could be assumed to decrease PTH compared to traditional tonsillectomy (). Methods. In this study, patients were evaluated with respect to the need for surgical control (R/N: return/no return to theater (RTT): the day of surgery or thereafter ). The findings at resection site and pain were measured. Results. 869 patients were included (183 ; 686 ). PTH requiring RTT was not seen in the group on the day of surgery (R0) while PTH requiring RTT subsequently (R1) was seen in 1.1% of the cases. In the group, hemorrhages without a need for surgical control were observed in 0.6% (N0) and 3.4% (N1), respectively. The corresponding rates for were as follows: R0, 0.3%; R1, 1.7%; N0, 0.6%; and N1, 3.6% (). Postoperative edema and local infection at resection site were proven to be predictive of PTH (). Conclusion. Microscope assistance in tonsillectomy did not statistically have an influence on the PTH even though there was a trend towards lower PTH rate in the group. Benefit for was observed in high-volume and long experienced surgeons.

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Design, Modeling, and Analysis of a Novel Hydraulic Energy-Regenerative Shock Absorber for Vehicle Suspension

To reduce energy consumption or improve energy efficiency, the regenerative devices recently have drawn the public's eyes. In this paper, a novel hydraulic energy-regenerative shock absorber (HERSA) is developed for vehicle suspension to regenerate the vibration energy which is dissipated by conventional viscous dampers into heat waste. At first, the schematic of HERSA is presented and a mathematic model is developed to describe the characteristic of HERSA. Then the parametric sensitivity analysis of the vibration energy is expounded, and the ranking of their influences is . Besides, a parametric study of HERSA is adopted to research the influences of the key parameters on the characteristic of HERSA. Moreover, an optimization of HERSA is carried out to regenerate more power as far as possible without devitalizing the damping characteristic. To make the optimization results more close to the actual condition, the displacement data of the shock absorber in the road test is selected as the excitation in the optimization. The results show that the RMS of regenerated energy is up to 107.94 W under the actual excitation. Moreover it indicates that the HERSA can improve its performance through the damping control.

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Model of Murine Ventricular Cardiac Tissue for In Vitro Kinematic-Dynamic Studies of Electromagnetic and β-Adrenergic Stimulation

In a model of murine ventricular cardiac tissue in vitro, we have studied the inotropic effects of electromagnetic stimulation (frequency, 75 Hz), isoproterenol administration (10 μM), and their combination. In particular, we have performed an image processing analysis to evaluate the kinematics and the dynamics of beating cardiac syncytia starting from the video registration of their contraction movement. We have found that the electromagnetic stimulation is able to counteract the β-adrenergic effect of isoproterenol and to elicit an antihypertrophic response.

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On the Queue with Vacations and Multiple Service Phases

This paper considers a queue with vacations and multiple service phases. Whenever the system becomes empty, the server takes a vacation, causing the system to move to vacation phase . If the server returns from a vacation to find no customer waiting, another vacation begins. Otherwise, the system jumps from phase to some service phase with probability Using the matrix geometric solution method and semi-Markov process, we obtain the distributions of the stationary system size at both arrival and arbitrary epochs. The distribution of the stationary waiting time of an arbitrary customer is also derived. In addition, we present some performance measures such as mean waiting time of an arbitrary customer, mean length of the type- cycle, and mean number of customers in the system at the end of phase . Finally, some numerical examples are presented.

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People in north England are 20 per cent more likely to die young

An analysis of five decades of death data has revealed that people in northern England are less likely to live to the age of 75 than people in the south

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CT finds dental brace wire in bowel

A dental brace wire was found in a woman's bowel -- 10 years after she had...


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People in north England are 20 per cent more likely to die young

An analysis of five decades of death data has revealed that people in northern England are less likely to live to the age of 75 than people in the south

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Lithium-Ion Insertion Properties of Solution-Exfoliated Germanane

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ACS Nano
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02589
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Rotating-Sleeve Triboelectric–Electromagnetic Hybrid Nanogenerator for High Efficiency of Harvesting Mechanical Energy

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ACS Nano
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b03683
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The sphenoid sinus, foramen rotundum and vidian canal: a radiological study of anatomical relationships

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Abstract Introduction: The sphenoid sinus is an important structure in ventral skull base surgeries that is surrounded by several vital anatomical structures including the internal carotid arteries, optic nerve and cranial nerves inside the cavernous sinus. In addition, the foramen rotundum is a small canal deeply situated in the base of the skull, which represents the way for exit of the maxillary nerve. Understanding of the sphenoid bone anatomical relationships is central to the expanded endonasal approaches to the skull base. Objective: To record and analyze the measurement indexes of the sphenoid sinus and foramen rotundum in the coronal plane of normal computer tomography scans. Methods: Patients underwent paranasal sinuses computer tomography scan from June 2014 to November 2015 were retrospectively entered this cross-sectional study. We obtained several morphometric measurements from both the right and left sides using computer software. We also classified foramen rotundum and vidian canal types and determined position of the foramen rotundum regarding to base of lateral pterygoid plate. Results: One-hundred patients with the mean age of 38.56 ± 18.51 years entered this study. Mean bilateral FR distances were 38.48 ± 3.87 mm. Average right and left FRs distances to midline were 19.00 ± 2.07 and 19.34 ± 2.17 mm, respectively (p = 0.03). Twenty-eight cases (28%) had type I vidian canal, 48% and 24% had type II and III vidian canals, respectively. Four patients (4%) had type I rotundum foramen, 28% and 44% had type IIa and IIb, respectively and 24% had type III rotundum foramen. The position of foramen rotundums regarding to the base of lateral pterygoid plate was online in 50% of cases, medially placed in 47% and laterally placed in 3% of cases. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used to provide a better anatomical understanding of the area, which is necessary for endoscopic skull base surgeons.
Resumo Introdução: O seio esfenoidal (SE) é uma estrutura importante em cirurgias da base do crânio, que está cercada por várias estruturas anatômicas vitais, como as artérias carótidas internas, o nervo óptico e os nervos cranianos no interior do seio cavernoso. Além disso, o forame redondo (FR) é um pequeno canal profundamente situado na base do crânio, que representa a forma de saída do nervo maxilar. Compreender as relações anatômicas do osso esfenoidal é fundamental para as abordagens endonasais expandidas da base do crânio. Objetivo: Registrar e analisar os índices de medição do SE e FR no plano coronal de exames normais de tomografia computadorizada (TC). Método: Os pacientes que foram submetidos a TC dos seios paranasais (SPN) de junho de 2014 a novembro 2015 foram retrospectivamente incluídos neste estudo transversal. Obtivemos várias medidas morfométricas de ambos os lados, direito e esquerdo, com o uso do software de computador. Também classificamos os tipos de FR e canal pterigoideo (CP) e determinamos a posição do FR em relação à base da placa pterigoide lateral. Resultados: Cem pacientes com a média de 38,56 ± 18,51 anos foram incluídos neste estudo. As distâncias médias bilaterais de FR foram de 38,48 ± 3,87 mm. As distâncias médias direita e esquerda dos FR até a linha média foram de 19,00 ± 2,07 e 19,34 ± 2,17 mm, respectivamente (p = 0,03). Vinte e oito casos (28%) tinham canal pterigoideo do tipo I, 48% e 24% canais pterigoideos de tipo II e III, respectivamente. Quatro pacientes (4%) tinham forame redondo do tipo I, 28% e 44% do tipo II-a e II-b, respectivamente, e 24% forame redondo do tipo III. A posição dos FR em relação à base da placa pterigoide lateral era em linha em 50% dos casos, medialmente posicionados em 47% e lateralmente posicionados em 3% dos casos. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo podem ser usados para promover uma melhor compreensão anatômica da área, necessária para cirurgias endoscópicas da base do crânio.

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Evaluation of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) and electrocochleography for the diagnosis of Ménière's disease

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Abstract Introduction: Ménière's disease (MD) is an inner ear disorder characterized by episodic vertigo, tinnitus, ear fullness, and fluctuating hearing. Its diagnosis can be especially difficult in cases where vestibular symptoms are present in isolation (vestibular MD). The definitive diagnosis is made histologically and can only be performed post-mortem, after analysis of the temporal bone. Endolymphatic hydrops is a histopathological finding of the disease and occurs more often in the cochlea and saccule, followed by the utricle and semicircular canals. Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) emerged as the method of assessment of vestibular function in 1994. Until then, there was no unique way of assessing saccular function and the inferior vestibular nerve. Given that the saccule is responsible for most cases of severe hydrops, VEMP appears as a new tool to assist in the diagnosis of MD. Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of VEMP and electrocochleography (EcochG) in the diagnosis of definite MD compared with clinical diagnosis. Methods: The study includes 12 patients (24 ears) diagnosed with definite MD defined according to the clinical criteria proposed by the American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) in 1995, as well as 12 healthy volunteers allocated to the control group (24 ears). A clinical diagnosis by the AAO-HNS criteria was considered as the gold standard. All patients underwent an otoneurological examination, including pure tone and speech audiometry, VEMP, and extratympanic EcochG. The sensitivity and specificity to detect the presence or absence of disease were calculated, as well as their 95% confidence intervals. The reliability of VEMP and EcochG in both ears was assessed using the kappa index. Results: In both tests and in both ears, the ability to diagnose healthy cases was high, with specificity ranging from 84.6% to 100%. Moreover, the ability of the tests to diagnose the disease varied from low to moderate sensitivity, with values ranging from 37.5% to 63.6%. The agreement of both tests in the right ear, measured by the kappa coefficient, was equal to 0.54 (95% CI: 0.20-0.89), indicating a moderate agreement. In the left ear, that agreement was equal to 0.07 (95% CI: −0.33 to 0.46), indicating a weak correlation between the tests. The sensitivity of the VEMP for the right ear was 63.6% and for the left ear, 62.5%. The sensitivity of EcochG for the right ear was 63.6% and 37.5% for the left ear. Conclusion: The specificity of both tests was high, and the sensitivity of VEMP was higher than that of EcochG.
Resumo Introdução: A doença de Ménière (DM) é uma doença da orelha interna caracterizada por vertigem episódica, zumbido, plenitude aural e audição flutuante. Seu diagnóstico pode ser especialmente difícil nos casos em que os sintomas vestibulares estão presentes isoladamente (DM vestibular). O diagnóstico de certeza é histológico e somente pode ser feito no post mortem, após análise do osso temporal. A hidropisia endolinfática é um achado histopatológico da doença e ocorre mais frequentemente na cóclea e sáculo, seguidos pelo utrículo e canais semicirculares. Os potenciais evocados miogênicos vestibulares (VEMP) surgiram como método de avaliação da função vestibular em 1994. Até então não havia uma maneira exclusiva de avaliação da função sacular e do nervo vestibular inferior e como o sáculo era responsável por grande parte dos casos de hidropisia severa, o VEMP apareceu como uma nova ferramenta para auxiliar no diagnóstico da DM. Objetivo: Avaliar a sensibilidade e especificidade do VEMP e da eletrococleografia (ECochG) no diagnóstico da DM em comparação com o diagnóstico clínico. Método: Foram selecionados 12 pacientes (24 orelhas) com diagnóstico de DM definida de acordo com os critérios clínicos propostos pela American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 1995 (AAO-HNS) e 12 voluntários saudáveis alocados no grupo controle (24 orelhas). Considerou-se o diagnóstico clínico pela AAO-HNS como padrão ouro. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a exame otoneurológico, incluindo audiometria tonal e vocal, VEMP e eletrococleografia extratimpânica. A sensibilidade e especificidade para detectar a presença ou ausência de doença foram calculadas e os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% obtidos. A confiabilidade dos testes de diagnóstico VEMP e eletrococleografia em ambas as orelhas foi avaliada pelo índice kappa. Resultados: Em ambos os testes e em ambas as orelhas, a capacidade para diagnosticar os casos saudáveis é alta, a especificidade varia de 84,6%-100%. Além disso, a capacidade dos testes para o diagnóstico da doença varia de baixa a moderada sensibilidade, com valores de 37,5%-63,6%. A concordância dos dois testes na orelha direita, medida pelo coeficiente de kappa, foi igual a 0,54; 95% IC (0,20-0,89) indicaram uma concordância moderada. Para a orelha esquerda essa concordância foi igual a 0,07 com 95% IC (-0,33-0,46), o que indicou uma concordância fraca entre os testes. A sensibilidade do VEMP para a orelha direita foi de 63,6% e para a orelha esquerda, de 62,5%. A sensibilidade da ECochG para a orelha direita foi de 63,6% e 37,5% para a orelha esquerda. Conclusão: A especificidade de ambos os testes foi alta e a sensibilidade do VEMP foi maior do que a da eletrococleografia.

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Prophylactic treatment of vestibular migraine

Abstract Introduction: Vestibular migraine (VM) is now accepted as a common cause of episodic vertigo. Treatment of VM involves two situations: the vestibular symptom attacks and the period between attacks. For the latter, some prophylaxis methods can be used. The current recommendation is to use the same prophylactic drugs used for migraines, including β-blockers, antidepressants and anticonvulsants. The recent diagnostic definition of vestibular migraine makes the number of studies on its treatment scarce. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic treatment used in patients from a VM outpatient clinic. Methods: Review of medical records from patients with VM according to the criteria of the Bárány Society/International Headache Society of 2012 criteria. The drugs used in the treatment and treatment response obtained through the visual analog scale (VAS) for dizziness and headache were assessed. The pre and post-treatment VAS scores were compared (the improvement was evaluated together and individually, per drug used). Associations with clinical subgroups of patients were also assessed. Results: Of the 88 assessed records, 47 were eligible. We included patients that met the diagnostic criteria for VM and excluded those whose medical records were illegible and those of patients with other disorders causing dizziness and/or headache that did not meet the 2012 criteria for VM. 80.9% of the patients showed improvement with prophylaxis (p < 0.001). Amitriptyline, Flunarizine, Propranolol and Topiramate improved vestibular symptoms (p < 0.001) and headache (p < 0.015). The four drugs were effective in a statistically significant manner. There was a positive statistical association between the time of vestibular symptoms and clinical improvement. There was no additional benefit in hypertensive patients who used antihypertensive drugs as prophylaxis or depressed patients who used antidepressants in relation to other prophylactic drugs. Drug association did not show statistically significant results in relation to the use of a single drug. Conclusions: Prophylactic medications used to treat VM improve the symptoms of this disease, but there is no statistically significant difference between the responses of prophylactic drugs. The time of vestibular symptom seems to increase the benefit with prophylactic treatment.


Resumo Introdução: A migrânea vestibular (MV) é aceita atualmente como uma causa comum de vertigem episódica. O tratamento da MV envolve duas situações: as crises de sintomas vestibulares e o período intercrise. Para esse último, pode-se usar algum método de profilaxia. A recomendação atual é que se usem os mesmos medicamentos profiláticos usados para a enxaqueca, o que inclui os β-bloqueadores, antidepressivos e anticonvulsivantes. A recente definição diagnóstica da migrânea vestibular torna escasso o número de estudos sobre seu tratamento. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do tratamento profilático usado em pacientes em um ambulatório de MV. Método: Revisão de prontuários de pacientes com MV pelos critérios da Bárány Society/International Headeache Society de 2012. Foram pesquisados os medicamentos usados e resposta ao tratamento obtida através da escala visual analógica (EVA) para tontura e cefaleia. Foram comparados os escores da EVA pré e pós-tratamento (a melhoria foi avaliada em conjunto e individualmente por droga usada). Também foram pesquisadas relações com subgrupos clínicos dos pacientes. Resultados: De 88 prontuários estudados, 47 foram elegíveis. Incluíram-se os pacientes que preenchiam os critérios diagnósticos para MV, foram excluídos os prontuários ilegíveis e aqueles de pacientes com outro distúrbio causador de tontura e/ou cefaleia que não preenchiam critérios de 2012 para MV. Apresentaram melhoria com a profilaxia 80,9% dos pacientes (p < 0,001). Amitriptilina, flunarizina, propranolol e topiramato apresentaram melhoria para sintomas vestibulares (p < 0,001) e para cefaleia (p < 0,015). Os quatro medicamentos foram eficazes de forma estatisticamente significante. Houve relação estatística positiva entre tempo de sintoma vestibular e melhoria clínica. Não houve benefício adicional para hipertensos que usaram anti-hipertensivos como profilaxia ou para os deprimidos que usaram antidepressivos em relação ao uso dos outros profiláticos. A associação de medicamentos não mostrou resultados estatisticamente significantes do uso de um medicamento isolado. Conclusões: Os medicamentos profiláticos usados para MV melhoram os sintomas dessa doença, porém não há diferença estatisticamente significante entre as respostas dos medicamentos profiláticos. O tempo de sintoma vestibular parece aumentar a melhoria obtida com o tratamento profilático.

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Rhinoseptoplasty in children

Abstract Introduction: Untreated septal and/or nasal pyramid deviation in children should be corrected as soon as possible, because they can result in esthetic or functional problems years later. Objective: To report the surgical experience in treating children with nasal septum and/or nasal pyramid deviation. Methods: Review of medical records of 202 children, 124 (61.4%) males and 78 (38.6%) females, between 4 and 16 years of age (M = 11 years) who underwent rhinoplasty and/or septoplasty in a Pediatric Otolaryngology Service of the Dept. of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery between January 1994 and January 2010. Results: Septoplasty performed in 157 cases (77.7%); rhinoseptoplasty in 23 cases (11.4%), and rhinoplasty in 22 cases (10.9%). Conclusion: Nasal changes should be corrected in children, in order to provide harmonious growth, and prevent severe sequelae found in mouth breathers.


Resumo Introdução: Desvio do septo e/ou da pirâmide nasal em crianças, se não tratado, pode apresentar problemas estéticos ou funcionais após anos, devendo ser corrigido o quanto antes. Objetivo: Relatar experiência cirúrgica no tratamento de crianças com desvio de septo nasal e/ou pirâmide nasal. Método: Revisão de prontuários de 202 crianças, 124 (61,4%) do gênero masculino e 78 (38,6%) do feminino, entre quatro e 16 anos (M = 11 anos), submetidas a rino e/ou septoplastia de janeiro de 1994 a janeiro de 2010, no Serviço de Otorrinopediatria do Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço. Resultados: Septoplastia feita em 157 casos (77,7%); rinosseptoplastia em 23 casos (11,4%) e rinoplastia em 22 casos (10,9%). Conclusão: Alterações nasais devem ser corrigidas em crianças, para proporcionar crescimento harmônico e evitar as graves sequelas encontradas no respirador bucal.

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