Influence of removable prostheses on mastication in elderly subjects with rheumatoid arthritis Mastication in elders with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent disease in the elderly population, and it may affect the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the stomatognathic system

Objective

This study evaluated masticatory function in elderly patients with RA before and after oral rehabilitation with removable prostheses

Methods

Forty-five elders with partial or total edentulism who were using unsatisfactory removable prostheses were selected and assigned to three groups: RA with TMJ involvement, RA without TMJ involvement, and healthy controls. Masticatory function was assessed in terms of masticatory performance (MP) and maximum bite force (MBF). The former was determined by the sieving method and the latter was measured by pressure sensors placed in the bilateral molar regions. The variables were first evaluated in elderly subjects wearing unsatisfactory prostheses, and re-assessed after participants had received new removable prostheses. Comparisons between groups and among time points were performed with analysis of variance for repeated measures and the Tukey–Kramer test (P < 0.05).

Results

Comparison among groups showed decreased MP in elders with RA before new prosthesis insertion (P < 0.05). Irrespective of TMJ involvement, MP improved after treatment in subjects with RA. RA groups also showed decreased MBF (P < 0.05), which improved after new prosthesis insertion.

Conclusion

RA might impair masticatory function, and well-fitted removable prosthesis insertion might be very beneficial in elders with RA.

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