Oral health-related quality of life, measured using the five-item version of the Oral Health Impact Profile, in relation to socio-economic status: a population survey in Sweden

Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is an important patient-reported outcome measure in dental research. This study was conducted to analyse the association between OHRQoL, as measured using the five-item version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5), and different socio-economic indices. A national survey of randomly selected adult individuals in Sweden (n = 3,500) was performed using telephone interviews. The questions asked for the purpose of this study were defined by the items of the OHIP-5, just as questions were asked regarding socio-economic variables, including education, income, and economic resources. Poor OHRQoL, as identified by an OHIP-5 score of 3 or higher on at least two of the five items, was statistically significantly associated in multivariate analysis with low income (OR = 1.84) and having no economic resources (OR = 2.19). The statistical models were adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, dental-care utilization, dental anxiety, and smoking. The OHIP-5 may be used in larger epidemiological surveys because it demonstrates the ability to discriminate for a range of important areas of measurement in dental public health, including social determinants.

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