Effects of transient auditory deprivation during critical periods on the development of auditory temporal processing

Publication date: January 2018
Source:International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Volume 104
Author(s): Bong Jik Kim, Jungyoon Kim, Il-Yong Park, Jae Yun Jung, Myung-Whan Suh, Seung-ha Oh
ObjectivesThe central auditory pathway matures through sensory experiences and it is known that sensory experiences during periods called critical periods exert an important influence on brain development. The present study aimed to investigate whether temporary auditory deprivation during critical periods (CPs) could have a detrimental effect on the development of auditory temporal processing.Materials and methodsTwelve neonatal rats were randomly assigned to control and study groups; Study group experienced temporary (18–20 days) auditory deprivation during CPs (Early deprivation study group). Outcome measures included changes in auditory brainstem response (ABR), gap prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex (GPIAS), and gap detection threshold (GDT). To further delineate the specific role of CPs in the outcome measures above, the same paradigm was applied in adult rats (Late deprivation group) and the findings were compared with those of the neonatal rats.ResultsSoon after the restoration of hearing, early deprivation study animals showed a significantly lower GPIAS at intermediate gap durations and a larger GDT than early deprivation controls, but these differences became insignificant after subsequent auditory inputs. Additionally, the ABR results showed significantly delayed latencies of waves IV, V, and interpeak latencies of wave I-III and wave I-V in study group. Late deprivation group didn't exhibit any deterioration in temporal processing following sensory deprivation.ConclusionTaken together, the present results suggest that transient auditory deprivation during CPs might cause reversible disruptions in the development of temporal processing.



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