Assessing a change for acute myocardial infraction and its risk factors in a rural cohort of northern state of India

D Kumar, SB Sharma, AK Bhardwaj, SK Raina, S Raina

Heart India 2017 5(3):116-121

Background: Rising trend of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and associated factors has already substantiated across various population settings. The present study aims to study the degree of change Framingham risk score in a recruited cohort of a rural population in a hilly Northern state of India. Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study was done where 607 (171 migrated; 19 died) individuals were recruited in the year 2010, and follow-up assessment was done in the year 2015 for change in body mass index, hypertension (HTN), lipid profile, blood sugar, Framingham risk score, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Results: Individuals with high systolic blood pressure increased from 32.7% to 47.4%, but a significant decline was found for diastolic HTN (45.3%–34.1%). Obesity increased from 12.7% to 23.7% (P = 0.000). Mean levels of total cholesterol (199.7–187.4 mg/dl) and triglyceride (211.7–153.7 mg/dl) decreased significantly, but decline was not significant for mean low-density lipoprotein. Framingham 10-year risk assessment showed a significant increase (62.0%–73.0%) in individuals with lowest risk score (<1%) and none of individual was observed with high score (>30.0%) neither at the time of recruitment nor at follow-up. Electrocardiography assessment based on rose screening questionnaire observed no signs suggestive of AMI. Conclusion: Recruited cohort observed a slow rise in the development of known risk factor for CVDs such as obesity, systolic HTN, and blood sugar, but without overt manifestations of AMI warranting surveillance for risk factors for CVDs.

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