Area Spectral Efficiency and Energy Efficiency Tradeoff in Ultradense Heterogeneous Networks

In order to meet the demand of explosive data traffic, ultradense base station (BS) deployment in heterogeneous networks (HetNets) as a key technique in 5G has been proposed. However, with the increment of BSs, the total energy consumption will also increase. So, the energy efficiency (EE) has become a focal point in ultradense HetNets. In this paper, we take the area spectral efficiency (ASE) into consideration and focus on the tradeoff between the ASE and EE in an ultradense HetNet. The distributions of BSs in the two-tier ultradense HetNet are modeled by two independent Poisson point processes (PPPs) and the expressions of ASE and EE are derived by using the stochastic geometry tool. The tradeoff between the ASE and EE is formulated as a constrained optimization problem in which the EE is maximized under the ASE constraint, through optimizing the BS densities. It is difficult to solve the optimization problem analytically, because the closed-form expressions of ASE and EE are not easily obtained. Therefore, simulations are conducted to find optimal BS densities.

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