Water, electrolyte, acid –base, and trace elements alterations in cirrhotic patients

AbstractChronic hepatic patients, and particularly those suffering from cirrhosis, are predisposed to different sort of water, electrolyte, acid –base, and trace elements disorders due to their altered liver function, and also to their exposition to infectious, inflammatory, oncologic, and pharmacologic variables whose combination undermines their homeostatic capability. Hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, metabolic acid osis, respiratory, and metabolic alkalosis are the main internal milieu alterations in this group. (Source: International Urology and Nephrology)

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