Huge solitary necrotic nodule of the liver: a rare case report with review of literature

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Huge solitary necrotic nodule of the liver: a rare case report with review of literature Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Oct 15;14(10):1065-1068. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Solitary necrotic nodule of the liver (SNNL) is an uncommon disease in clinical practice, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Here, we report the case of a 35-year-old woman. After physical examination, the patient was found to have a liver neoplasm, and there were no other physical complaints. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed the presence of a hypodense lesion. The patient opted for surgery to eliminate the lesion. Pathologic examination revealed an isolated necrotic nodular lesion with a size of 12 cm×10 cm×10 cm. The patient had a history of hepatitis B infection. To our knowledge, this is the largest SNNL ever reported and the first case with a history of hepatitis B infection. PMID:34760044 | PMC:PMC8569308 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Validation of CanAssist Breast immunohistochemistry biomarkers on an automated platform and its applicability in tissue microarray

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Validation of CanAssist Breast immunohistochemistry biomarkers on an automated platform and its applicability in tissue microarray Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Oct 15;14(10):1013-1021. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT CanAssist Breast (CAB) is a prognostic test for early-stage hormone receptor-positive invasive breast cancer. The test involves performing immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for five biomarkers, namely CD44, ABCC4, ABCC11, N-cadherin, and pan-cadherin. In addition to IHC grading information, three clinical features, i.e., tumor size, grade, and lymph node status, serve as input into the machine learning-based algorithm to generate the CAB risk score. CAB was developed and initially validated using manual IHC. This study's objectives included: i) automate CAB IHC on an autostainer and establish its performance equivalence with manual IHC ii) validate CAB test using samples in Tissue MicroArray (TMA) format. IHC for CAB biomarkers was standardized on Ventana BenchMark XT autostainer. Two IHC methods were compared for IHC gradings and corresponding CAB risk sc ores/risk categories. A concordance analysis was done using MedCalcTM software. The manual and automated IHC staining methods exhibited a high level of concordance on IHC gradings for 40 cases with an Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of >0.85 for 4 of 5 biomarkers. 100% concordance was achieved in risk categorization (low- or high-risk), with very good agreement between the risk scores demonstrated by a kappa statistic of 0.83. TMA versus whole tissue section concordance was analyzed using 45 samples on an autostainer, and the data showed 92% concordance in terms of risk category. The results confirm the equivalence between manual and automated staining methods and demonstrate the utility of TMA as an acceptable format for CanAssist Breast testing. PMID:34760037 | PMC:PMC8569307 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Superiority of sucrase-isomaltase to CD10 for immunohistochemical detection of intestinal absorptive cell phenotype in differentiated-type gastric adenocarcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Superiority of sucrase-isomaltase to CD10 for immunohistochemical detection of intestinal absorptive cell phenotype in differentiated-type gastric adenocarcinoma Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Oct 15;14(10):1031-1037. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) can be divided immunophenotypically into gastric, intestinal, or mixed gastric and intestinal phenotypes. Cadherin 17 (CDH17) and CD10 have been used as comprehensive markers for intestinal epithelial cells and for small intestinal absorptive cells in GACs, respectively. Sucrase-isomaltase (SI) and CD10 are expressed in small intestinal absorptive cells and SI is more frequently expressed than CD10 in gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of SI as a marker for intestinal absorptive cells compared to CD10 in differentiated-type (DT) GACs. We compared the immunohistochemical expression of CDH17, SI, and CD10 in IMs and tissue microarrays of 40 samples of DTGACs. In IMs and DTGACs, CDH17 showed a diffuse lateral cytoplasmic membrane staining both in columnar and goblet cells. SI and CD10 were expressed on the luminal surfaces of the columnar cells. In IMs, SI was positive both in both complete-type IMs and in incomplete-type IMs. CD10 was positive only in complete-type IMs. In DTGACs, CDH17, SI, and CD 10 were positive in 37 (92.5%), 22 (55%), and 11 (27.5%) cases, respectively. In SI-positive cases, the degrees of expression of SI were equal to (7 cases) or less than (15 cases) those of CDH17; the degrees of expression of SI were equal to (5 cases), more than (16 cases), or less than (1 case) those of CD10. In conclusion, SI is a more sensitive immunohistochemical marker for intestinal absorptive cells than CD10 in DTGACs. PMID:34760039 | PMC:PMC8569310 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Expression of immune checkpoint regulators, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and CD137 in cervical carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Expression of immune checkpoint regulators, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and CD137 in cervical carcinoma Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Oct 15;14(10):1038-1047. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Immune checkpoint inhibitors have a significant role in oncology. One of these immune checkpoints is cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). Inhibition of the CTLA-4 pathway has already led to the FDA approval of Ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4), a targeted therapy for melanoma and other malignancies. CD137 is an inducible, costimulatory receptor of the tissue-necrosis-factor-receptor superfamily expressed on the activated immune cells. Clinical trials have also been set for anti-CD137 in several malignancies. We assessed CTLA-4 and CD137 expression on a tissue microarray (TMA) comprising of 99 core tissues which included normal, non-neoplastic, and neoplastic cervical lesions. When detected as strong granular cytoplasmic reaction in the epithelial cells, CTLA-4 expression was scored as positive. For CD137, the results were recorded based on the prese nce or absence of staining reaction on the cell membranes of the lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates. Overall, CTLA-4 was positive in 30% (30/100) of the cervical malignancies. Sub-categorically, 20% of invasive endocervical adenocarcinomas, 63% of adenosquamous carcinomas, and 31% of squamous cell carcinomas were positive for CTLA-4 with a tendency toward lower grade squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). CD137 was positive in 100% lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates of endocervical adenocarcinomas, 90.5% of SCCs, and 87.5% of adenosquamous carcinomas. This study has found a significant expression of CTLA-4 in cervical cancer cells and CD137 positivity of lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates with potential for future targeted immunotherapy. PMID:34760040 | PMC:PMC8569305 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Combined CT score, blood mononuclear cell count, LDH, and plasma D-dimer for viral pneumonia diagnosis: a retrospective study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Combined CT score, blood mononuclear cell count, LDH, and plasma D-dimer for viral pneumonia diagnosis: a retrospective study Via International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Oct 15;14(10):1022-1030. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Due to a continued increase in viral pneumonia incidence and resulting high mortality, fast and accurate diagnosis is important for effective management. This investigation examined the significance of blood biomarkers and the CT score in the early diagnosis of viral pneumonia. METHODS: Patients who were hospitalized due to radiologically-confirmed pneumonia and underwent virus antigen rapid test were enrolled. Their clinical information was compared. Blood mononuclear cell count, LDH, and plasma D-dimer were obtained. To evaluate the utility of biomarker levels in differentiating viral pneumonia from other pneumonia, ROC curves were developed to analyze the AUC. The optimal cut-off thresholds, specificity, sensitivity, and predictive values were assessed using the Youden index. The added value of the multi-marker approach was delineated us ing IDI and Reclassification analyses using NRI; IDI and NRI values were examined with 95% CI. RESULTS: Overall, 1163 inpatients were recruited between January 2017 and January 2021. They were sub-divided into the viral pneumonia (n = 563) and non-viral pneumonia (n = 600) categories. We found that the CT score, blood mononuclear cell count, LDH, and plasma D-dimer were markedly elevated in viral pneumonia patients. At an LDH threshold of 693.595 U/L, an AUC of ROC was 0.805 in differentiating viral pneumonia. The combination of CT score and blood biomarkers had an ROC AUC value of 0.908. CONCLUSIONS: Combining elevated biomarkers with CT assessments outperformed the CT score alone in identifying viral pneumonia. It is crucial to better characterize the significance of biomarkers in combination with CT assessments in the diagnosis of viral pneumonia. PMID:34760038 | PMC:PMC8569312 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

An Update on Thyroid Cancer Trials from the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2021 Annual Meeting

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader An Update on Thyroid Cancer Trials from the European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) 2021 Annual Meeting Via Clinical Thyroidology Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 33, Issue 11, Page 500-502, November 2021. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

When Do Physicians Actually Order Neck Ultrasound for Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader When Do Physicians Actually Order Neck Ultrasound for Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules? Via Clinical Thyroidology Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 33, Issue 11, Page 481-483, November 2021. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Minimal Extrathyroidal Extension Does Not Predict Initial Treatment Response, but Is a Better Prognostic Factor when Combined with Tumor Size

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Minimal Extrathyroidal Extension Does Not Predict Initial Treatment Response, but Is a Better Prognostic Factor when Combined with Tumor Size Via Clinical Thyroidology Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 33, Issue 11, Page 493-496, November 2021. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Thyroid Eye Disease Treatment with Intravenous Glucocorticoids Is Improved by the Addition of Atorvastatin

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Thyroid Eye Disease Treatment with Intravenous Glucocorticoids Is Improved by the Addition of Atorvastatin Via Clinical Thyroidology Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 33, Issue 11, Page 474-476, November 2021. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

What Are the Implications of Isolated Maternal Hypothyroxinemia in Early Pregnancy?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader What Are the Implications of Isolated Maternal Hypothyroxinemia in Early Pregnancy? Via Clinical Thyroidology Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 33, Issue 11, Page 470-473, November 2021. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Tumor Volume Doubling Time as a Disease Predictor for Tumor Growth and Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Tumor Volume Doubling Time as a Disease Predictor for Tumor Growth and Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Via Clinical Thyroidology Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 33, Issue 11, Page 490-492, November 2021. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Overt Hyperthyroidism May Be a Good Prognostic Sign in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Overt Hyperthyroidism May Be a Good Prognostic Sign in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment Via Clinical Thyroidology Clinical Thyroidology, Volume 33, Issue 11, Page 467-469, November 2021. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.