Effect of the combination of astragaloside IV and Panax notoginseng saponins on pyroptosis and necroptosis in rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of the combination of astragaloside IV and <em>Panax notoginseng</em> saponins on pyroptosis and necroptosis in rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Oct;22(4):1123. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10557. Epub 2021 Aug 4. ABSTRACT Pyroptosis and necroptosis are closely associated with the mechanism underlying cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The combination of astragaloside IV (AST IV) and Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) has remarkable effects on the alleviation of cerebral I/R damage. However, whether inhibition of pyroptosis and necroptosis is the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of this drug combination on cerebral I/R injury remains unclear. To explore the effects and mechanisms of drug treatment, middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed to induce I/R injury in rats, which was verified based on neurological deficit score (NDS), infarct volume and H&E staining. Activation of pyroptosis and necroptosis was detected by western blot analysis of associated proteins. The results of the present study demonstrated that treatment with AST IV and PNS, either alone or in combination, significantly reduced the NDS, cerebral infarct volume and cell injury rate in the cerebral cortex of rats. The treatments also improved pathological injury to the cerebral cortex and reduced the levels of proteins associated with pyroptosis and necroptosis. These effects were stronger in the combination drug group compared with groups treated with a single drug alone. The findings of the present study suggested that the combination of AST IV and PNS exhibited stronger neuroprotective effects in I/R injury than either drug alone, and that the underlying mechanism was associated with inhibition of pyroptosis and necroptosis. PMID:34504577 | PMC:PMC8383753 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10557 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

IMP3 Protein Overexpression Is Linked to Unfavorable Outcome in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader IMP3 Protein Overexpression Is Linked to Unfavorable Outcome in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Via Polyps Cancers (Basel). 2021 Aug 26;13(17):4306. doi: 10.3390/cancers13174306. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to (i) determine IMP3 protein expression in benign and malignant laryngeal lesions, (ii) compare its expression to Ki-67, p53, cyclin D1, and (iii) finally, to examine the prognostic power of IMP3 in squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx (LSSC). METHODS: IMP3 protein expression was evaluated in 145 patients, including 62 LSCC, 45 dysplasia (25 with low and 20 with high-grade dysplasia), and 38 benign lesions (vocal cord polyps and nodules). RESULTS: IMP3 was significantly higher expressed in LSCC compared to dysplasia and benign lesions (p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). Similarly, higher expression patterns were observed for Ki-67 and p53, whereas cyclin D1 was equally distributed in all three lesions. IMP3 (p = 0.04) and Ki-67 (p = 0.02) expressions were significantly linked to neck node positivity, and IMP3 overexpression to worse disease-specific survival (p = 0.027). CONCLUSION: Since IMP3 showed significantly higher expression in laryngeal carcinomas, but not in high- or low-grade dysplasia, it serves as a useful marker to differentiate between invasive and noninvasive lesions. Higher IMP3 expression represented a significantly worse prognosticator for clinical outcomes of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. PMID:34503117 | DOI:10.3390/cancers13174306 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie auf die logopädische Therapie von Kindern mit einer Sprachentwicklungsstörung

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie auf die logopädische Therapie von Kindern mit einer Sprachentwicklungsstörung Via Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie Laryngorhinootologie DOI: 10.1055/a-1613-5747 Hintergrund Im Dezember 2019 begann sich die COVID-19-Pandemie weltweit auszubreiten und sorgte für massive Einschränkungen im täglichen Leben. Viele Bildungseinrichtungen und logopädische Praxen wurden vorübergehend geschlossen (sog. Lockdown). Kinder mit einer Sprachentwicklungsstörung waren gezwungen, ihre Therapie zu pausieren. Ziel dieser Studie war es zu beschreiben, ob und wie die logopädische Therapie während des Lockdowns durchgeführt wurde und welche psychische Belastung für die betroffenen Eltern damit verbunden war. Material und Methoden Eltern von Kindern mit einer Sprachentwicklungsstörung wurden über die Therapie ihres Kindes während des Lockdowns und über ihre damit verbundenen Ängste und Sorgen befragt. Ergebnisse Bei 17 Patienten wurde die Sprachtherapie während des Lockdowns pausiert, während 20 Patienten ihre Therapie fortsetzen konnten. Kinder, die eine andere Sprache als Deutsch sprachen, hatten ein höheres Risiko, dass ihre Therapie pausiert wurde (Odds Ratio (OR) 5,11; 95 %-Konfidenzintervall (KI) 1,09–32,54). Eltern, deren Kinder während des Lockdowns keine Sprachtherapie erhielten, machten sich mehr Sorgen um die Entwicklung ihres Kindes. Schlussfolgerungen Es gibt kein generelles Konzept, wie Logopädie während eines Lockdowns sicher durchgeführt werden kann. Mögliche Barrieren für die Gesundheitsversorgung könnten während der Pandemie stärker ausgeprägt sein. Die betroffenen Eltern erleben eine höhere psychosoziale Belastung. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Article in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The development of posttraumatic maxillary sinusitis due to transconjunctival penetration of a foreign body with a fracture of the lower wall of the orbit

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The development of posttraumatic maxillary sinusitis due to transconjunctival penetration of a foreign body with a fracture of the lower wall of the orbit Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(4):111-115. doi: 10.17116/otorino202186041111. ABSTRACT The article presents a clinical example of the course of posttraumatic acute purulent sinusitis with reactive soft tissue phenomena due to the previous injury of the orbit by a foreign body, the introduction of the latter into orbit and the maxillary sinus result in a fracture of the lower wall of the orbit. A feature of the injury is the penetration of a foreign body through the conjunctiva of the lower eyelid and lower conjunctival fornix, without damaging the skin. This case is professionally interesting for both young doctors and experienced specialists in otolaryngology, ophthalmology, maxillofacial surgery and neurosurgery. Experts, analyzing this clinical example, will be able to correctly diagnose, effectively eliminate the inflammatory process in the maxillary sinus. PMID:34499458 | DOI:10.17116/otorino202186041111 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Clinical features of BPPV and their influence on the choice of the doctor's tactics

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Clinical features of BPPV and their influence on the choice of the doctor's tactics Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(4):4-8. doi: 10.17116/otorino2021860414. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: BPPV is the most common cause of recurrent vertigo. Except vertigo attacks main clinical symptoms of BPPV can include autonomic symptoms and imbalance, which sometimes complicate the diagnosis of BPPV. Purpose To evaluate clinical symptoms and management of patients with BPPV before the setting of correct diagnose. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 640 patients (504 (78.8%) women) aged from 20 to 86 years old, mean age 56.43±0.54 years with BPPV were included and diagnosed by roll and Dix-Hallpike tests. Among them 144 (22.5%) patients were inpatient and 496 (77.5%) patients were outpatient. The detailed patient intake comprised the disease onset, the type of dizziness, vertigo triggers, autonomic symptoms, similar attacks in the past and previously made definite diagnosis of BPPV. The period from the appearance of the first symptom s to the correct diagnosis was assessed. RESULTS: The majority of patients (75.3%) consult a neurologist at the initial visit. Only 30.6% of patients had a correct diagnosis within a week of the onset of the disease. Initial BPPV symptoms included persistent dizziness that increased with head turns (38.8%), nausea and vomiting (21.6%), significant increase in blood pressure (13.4%), persistent imbalance while walking (73.4%). Inpatients more frequently had constant continuous dizziness, high blood pressure, severe nausea and vomiting, and the onset of symptoms in the morning when getting out of bed (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Initial BPPV symptoms may be similar to other diseases. Focusing on medical history and complaints leads to frequent diagnostic errors, unnecessary hospitalization and prolonged treatment of patients. Positional tests are necessary for the correct diagnosis of BPPV. PMID:34499439 | DOI:10.17116/otorino2021860414 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The main steps in treatment of the children with otitis media with effusion

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The main steps in treatment of the children with otitis media with effusion Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(4):13-16. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218604113. ABSTRACT THE AIM: Of the investigation was to establish the standard and improve the treatment of otitis media with effusion (OME) in children. 361 children at age from 11 months to 18 years were inspected after tympanostomy during 2013-2018 years. The main diagnostic methods were: otoscopy, tympanometry, endoscopy, CT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Treatment takes into consideration the reveal of OME: surgical initially. The tympanostomy preferable place is anterior-inferior quadrant. RESULTS: In cases with cleft palate or reccurence OME long-term tubes and balloonisation of ET are preferable. CONCLUSION: Authors received normalization of the hearing thresholds in 97.6% cases, but after surgery the patients have to be followed-up during 12-24 months. PMID:34499441 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218604113 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hearing dynamics in acute traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane after application of blood plasma enriched with platelet growth factors

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hearing dynamics in acute traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane after application of blood plasma enriched with platelet growth factors Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(4):23-30. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218604123. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The article considers the possibility of treating patients with acute traumatic perforation of the eardrum with a single application of blood plasma enriched with platelet-derived growth factors in the perforation area. As a result of the studies, it was found that the acceleration of its closure and the restoration of hearing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 43 patients with unilateral acute PBP of various etiologies (Table 1). Patients were divided into 2 groups - the main - 24 patients (10 men and 14 women), the average age - 30±9.7 years and the control - 19 patients (9 men and 10 women), the average age - 26.5±6.37 years. The compared groups did not reliably differ in age, gender, frequency and severity of hearing impairment. RESULTS: Analyzing the results, we can confidently talk about the beneficial effect of blo od plasma enriched in platelet-derived growth factors on the speed, completeness of closure of traumatic perforation of the eardrum and the dynamics of restoration of auditory function. The use of blood plasma enriched with platelet growth factors led to a regular reduction in the time and increase in the frequency of cases of early closure of perforated eardrum, as well as improvement and restoration of auditory function according to the results of tonal threshold audiometry and otoacoustic emission in dynamics. CONCLUSION: Being generally available even in outpatient practice, the method of a single application of blood plasma enriched with platelet growth factors in the area of perforation of the tympanic membrane can significantly accelerate the healing process of the tympanic membrane, while improving the quality of life of the patient. PMID:34499443 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218604123 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

To optimize the management of patients after tracheostomy and reconstructive operations on larynx and trachea

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader To optimize the management of patients after tracheostomy and reconstructive operations on larynx and trachea Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(4):36-40. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218604136. ABSTRACT The relevance of the study is due to the need to improve the methods of managing patients after reconstructive surgery on the larynx and trachea. OBJECTIVES: To optimize the management of wounds after tracheostomy and/or reconstuctive operations on larynx and trachea on the basis of use of modern dressings in the inpatient and outpatient settings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were divided into two: group I tracheostomy after reconstructive operations on the larynx and trachea. The postoperative area was ligated with drugs based on sodium alginate. Tracheostomy of group II patients was carried out according to the standard technique. RESULTS: In the first group of patients, postoperative wounds healed by primary intention on the 5-6th day after the operation in patients with bilateral paralysis of the larynx and on the 8-10th day in patients with chronic cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and trachea. In group II, postoperative wounds in the tracheostomy foramen area healed on day 7 in patients with bilateral paralysis of the larynx and on days 10-14 in patients with chronic cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and trachea. CONCLUSIONS: The Proposed algorithm for the management of patients after reconstructive operations on the larynx and trachea, of tracheostomy have improved clinical outcomes after surgery and to reduce the economic costs for this group of patients. PMID:34499445 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218604136< /a> View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery in a patient with cystic fibrosis after lung transplantation

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Functional endoscopic sinus surgery in a patient with cystic fibrosis after lung transplantation Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(4):73-78. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218604173. ABSTRACT Cystic fibrosis is genetic multisystem disorder with a predominant lesion of the respiratory tract. The duration and quality of life of these patients depends on the state of respiratory function. Progressive lung dysfunction is still the leading cause of mortality patients with cystic fibrosis. End-stage lung diseases in patients with cystic fibrosis, lung transplantation is a viable method of treatment. It has the ability to prolong life of these patients. Survival in cystic fibrosis has steadily increased medical treatment and post-transplant. Chronic rhinosinusitis (with nasal polys and without) impacts almost all cystic fibrosis patients, leading to significant reductions in quality of life. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is prevalent in the cystic fibrosis patients, and it is often a recalcitrant infection with multidrug resistant organi sms. Medical therapies such as nasal irrigations, nasal steroids, and antibiotics are critical for managing symptoms, but functional endoscopic sinus surgery is necessary for refractory cases. The unified airway hypothesis suggests that sanitation bacterial infection in the upper airway can also decrease bacterial burden in the lungs. The article presents a clinical case of successful endoscopic sinus surgery in a 15-year-old patient with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and cystic fibrosis after lung transplantation. The intervention was performed under General anesthesia and controlled hypotension. Bilateral antrostomy, ethmoidectomy and Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy were performed by endoscopic endonasal approach. There were no intra - and post-operative rhinosurgical or lung complications. The follow-up period was 18 months. At present, there is no relapse of chronic polypous rhinosinusitis, and there are no indications for revision intervention. PMID:34499452 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218604173 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Foreign bodies of the esophagus in children

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Foreign bodies of the esophagus in children Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(4):46-49. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218604146. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Of this study is to determine the optimal algorithm for active verification and treatment of children with foreign bodies of the esophagus, analysis of the causes and development of related complications. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The results of examination and treatment of 320 children with foreign bodies of the esophagus for the period from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed. The vast majority of patients (79.4%) were between 1 and 5 years old. The period from the moment of accidental ingestion of a foreign body to hospitalization ranged from 3 hours to 2 months. It was found that the x-ray method made it possible to confirm the presence of a foreign body in the esophagus in 89.1% of cases, to identify the nature of the radiopaque foreign body and associated complications in 100% of cases. RESULTS: In order to remove a foreign body, 314 emer gency endoscopic interventions were performed. In 79.6% of cases, a foreign body was localized in the upper third of the esophagus. Coins were the most frequently found foreign bodies of the esophagus (80.1%), the second place was taken by disk-type batteries (8.7%), and the third - by bones of various origin (4.5%). Among all foreign bodies, the most dangerous were disk batteries, causing serious complications in 72% of cases, the treatment of which requires the joint efforts of doctors of various specialties. The occurrence and severity of complications was directly dependent on the nature, size, location of fixation and the length of stay of a foreign body in the esophagus. CONCLUSION: Main conclusion of this study is that children with suspected foreign body of the esophagus need emergency examination and treatment exclusively in a multidisciplinary medical institution. PMID:34499447 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218604146 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Infectious mononucleosis in practice of otorhinolaryngologist

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Infectious mononucleosis in practice of otorhinolaryngologist Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(4):79-85. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218604179. ABSTRACT Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an acute viral infection that usually occurs with fever, acute tonsillitis, affects lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and with specific changes in the hemogram. One of the most frequent symptoms of the disease is sore throat which leads people to otorhinolaryngologist. Several pathogens may be the cause of IM, but Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) plays a key role. EBV is a γ-herpes virus and about 90% of world`s population is infected with this one. Severe IM can lead to potential life-threating conditions, for example upper airway obstruction, spleen rupture. In addition to acute IM, EBV-infection can lead to a number of neoplastic and autoimmune diseases. Due to the non-specificity of IM symptoms and the emerging difficulties in laboratory and serological diagnosis of this disease, the problem of timely diagnosis and treatment in th is category of patients remains very relevant. PMID:34499453 | DOI:10.17116/otorino20218604179 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.