IgG4-Related Disease and the Salivary Glands

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader IgG4-Related Disease and the Salivary Glands Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America IgG4-related disease is a rare, immune-mediated, systemic disease that is characterized by soft tissue lymphocyte infiltration and resultant fibrosis. The salivary glands are among the most commonly affected organs. Patients present with subacute submandibular and/or parotid swelling and sialadenitis. Diagnosis incorporates clinical, serologic, radiologic, and pathologic findings. Most cases respond quickly to systemic glucocorticoids. IgG4-related disease mimics many infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic diseases. Therefore, IgG4-related disease is frequently misdiagnosed. A knowledge of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of IgG4-related disease is important for providers who treat salivary gland diseases. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Extent and Indications for Elective and Therapeutic Neck Dissection for Salivary Carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Extent and Indications for Elective and Therapeutic Neck Dissection for Salivary Carcinoma Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Although salivary gland malignancies account for only a small percentage of all head and neck cancers, the incidence is increasing. Furthermore, there is a wide variety of histologic subtypes which must be taken into account in the context of their location. Each is associated with a different rate of regional metastasis and overall survival. This article examines the incidence of salivary gland malignancies and provides evidence for the indications for and extent of elective or therapeutic neck dissection based on location, pathologic type, and histopathologic characteristics. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Observation Rather than Surgery for Benign Parotid Tumors

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Observation Rather than Surgery for Benign Parotid Tumors Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Surgery is the preferred treatment of benign parotid lesions, but it carries a risk of complications. Therefore, the approach toward the surgery of these lesions should seek to avoid complications. There are no guidelines or recommendations for when not to operate. Integration of comorbidities and other factors shift the scales from surgery toward observation in a small subset of patients presenting with parotid tumors. When observation is chosen, the patient should be followed frequently and cautiously, and the surgeon should be prepared to change strategy to surgical excision if in doubt. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Practical Salivary Ultrasound Imaging Tips and Pearls

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Practical Salivary Ultrasound Imaging Tips and Pearls Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Ultrasound imaging is a valuable and effective clinical tool for salivary gland disorder evaluation and management. Pathologies including salivary duct stenosis, sialolithiasis, neoplasms, and autoimmune disorders have characteristic sonographic features. Maneuvers such as bimanual palpation and oral administration of sialagogues during the ultrasound examination can enhance examination findings. Ultrasound guidance is useful for targeting needle biopsies of neoplasms, ensuring appropriate intraparenchymal gland injections, and augmenting salivary duct instrumentation and intraoperative management. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Olig2 knockdown alleviates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Olig2 knockdown alleviates hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 May 20:18344. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-344. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Neuronal damage is an important pathological mechanism in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). We found in our previous studies that oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2) downregulation was able to increase cell survival in the brain. However, the specific mechanism has yet to be clarified. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats aged 3 d were randomly divided into three groups: the normal control group, the Olig2-RNAi group, and the RNAi-negative control group. The normal control group received no treatment, the Olig2-RNAi group received the Olig2 RNAi adenovirus, and the RNAi-negative control group was given the control adenovirus after the completion of the HIBD model. Infarct lesions and their volumes were observed by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining 3 d after the completion of the adenovirus local i njection. The condition of the tissue was characterized by hematoxylin-eosin staining 7 d after the model was established, and cell viability was determined by azure methylene blue staining. Subcellular damage was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Rotarod analysis was performed to detect moving behavior ability and an MWM assay was conducted to evaluate the memory. RESULTS: TTC staining showed a smaller brain injury area in the Olig2-RNAi group than in the RNAi-negative control group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated the presence of severe cell injury in the hippocampal region after HIBD, which improved after Olig2 knockdown. Azure methylene blue staining and electron microscopy results suggested that the cells improved after Olig2 knockdown. The rats stayed longer on the rotating rod, and their latency in the water maze test was gradually shortened relative to that of the rats in the Olig2-RNAi negative control group. CONCLUSION: Olig2 knockdown can prom ote the repair of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. PMID:34013967 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-344 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The displacement technique: a simple method for clearing maxillary sinus stubborn mucus

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The displacement technique: a simple method for clearing maxillary sinus stubborn mucus Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 May 20. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06874-7. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Clearing thick secretions from the hidden crevices of the maxillary sinus can be challenging and can increase operative time during endoscopic sinus surgery. METHODS: We demonstrate the Displacement Technique as a user-friendly technique to address thick secretions within the maxillary sinus barring no orbital floor dehiscence. First, a wide maxillary antrostomy is performed. Then, a surgical pledget is placed in the maxillary sinus to displace the inspissated content into the nasal cavity using a curved suction. This process is repeated as necessary. CONCLUSION: The displacement technique is a simple and inexpensive method for addressing stubborn secretions. PMID:34014361 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06874-7 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Wound healing applications of creams and “smart” hydrogels

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Wound healing applications of creams and "smart" hydrogels Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Although superficial wounds are often easy to treat for healthy individuals, there are some more severe types of wounds (burns, ulcers, diabetic wounds, etc.) that are a challenge for clinicians. A good therapeutic result is based on the delivery of a treatment at the right time, for the right patient. Our goal was to sum up useful knowledge regarding wound healing and wound treatments, based on creams and hydrogels with various active ingredients. We concluded that both preparations have application in preventing infections and promoting healing, but their efficacy is clearly conditioned by the type, depth, severity of the wound and patient profile. However, due to their superior versatility and capability of maintaining the integrity and functionality of the active ingredient, as well as it's controlled release at site, hydrogels are more suited for incorporating different active ingredients. New wound healing devices can combine smart hydrogel dressings with physical therapie s to deliver a more efficient treatment to patients if the indications are appropriate. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Mitigating the Effects of Acute Vocal Exertion in Individuals With Vocal Fatigue

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Mitigating the Effects of Acute Vocal Exertion in Individuals With Vocal Fatigue Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis To investigate the effects of acute vocal exertion on individuals with vocal fatigue and to determine whether semi-occluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTEs) are more effective than vocal rest in mitigating acute effects. Study Design Prospective, repeated-measures design. Methods On consecutive days, 10 individuals (6 males, 4 females) with scores indicating vocal fatigue on the Vocal Fatigue Index completed two 10-minute vocal exertion tasks. Vocal rest or SOVTEs were interspersed in counterbalanced order between exertion tasks. Respiratory kinematic, acoustic, aerodynamic, and self-perceptual measures were collected at baseline, following vocal exertion, following SOVTE/vocal rest, and following the second exertion task. Results Acute vocal exertion worsened phonation threshold pressure (P < .001) and vocal effort (P < .001) and reduced maximum fundamental frequency (P < .001). Speech was terminated at lower lung volumes following vocal exertion (decreased lung volume termination [LVT], P < .001). Exertion-induced changes in vocal effort and LVT were significantly reversed by both vocal rest and SOVTE. Detrimental changes in voice measures reoccurred following the second vocal exertion task. SOVTE and vocal rest protected against changes in respiratory kinematics when vocal exertion was resumed. Conclusions Vocal exertion impacted laryngeal, respiratory, and self-perceptual measures in individuals with vocal fatigue. Both SOVTE and vocal rest partially mitigated changes in voice measures and prompted more efficient respiratory strategies that were maintained when vocal exertion resumed. These data increase our understanding of how individuals with vocal fatigue respond to vocal exertion tasks and offer preliminary guidance for optimal clinical recommendations. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prevalence and Features of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux in Patients with Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Prevalence and Features of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux in Patients with Primary Burning Mouth Syndrome Via The Laryngoscope Objectives/Hypothesis To investigate the prevalence and features of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) in patients with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS). Study Design Prospective uncontrolled study. Methods Patients who visited our Departments of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck and Maxillofacial surgery with BMS were prospectively recruited from September 2018 to September 2020. Patients benefited from dental, maxillofacial, otolaryngological examinations, and hypopharyngeal–esophageal impedance pH-monitoring (HEMII-pH). Oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal findings and symptoms were rated with Reflux Sign Assessment (RSA) and Reflux Symptom Score-12 (RSS-12). Patients were treated with a combination of diet, pantoprazole, and alginate. Results From the 81 included patients, 76 reported >1 pharyngeal reflux events (93.8%), accounting for 35 (46.1%), 24 (31.6%), and 17 (22.3%) acid, mixed, and nonacid LPR, respectively. Thirty-two patients had both LPR and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Thirty-eight patients benefited from pepsin saliva measurement, which was positive in 86.8% of cases. The mean scores of mouth/tongue burning, RSS-12, and RSA significantly improved from pre- to post-treatment (P < .004). At 3-month post-treatment, 62.5% of patients reported an improvement of mouth/tongue burning score. Patients with both GERD and LPR reported higher baseline RSS-12 and RSA scores. Conclusion Acid, weakly acid, and nonacid LPR may be involved in the development of BMS. The use of an appropriate treatment considering the reflux features is associated with an improvement of symptoms and findings. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Invasive fungal sinusitis in post COVID‐19 patients: a new clinical entity

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Invasive fungal sinusitis in post COVID‐19 patients: a new clinical entity Via The Laryngoscope Abstract Objectives Occurrence of invasive fungal respiratory superinfections in patients with COVID-19 has gained increasing attention in the latest studies. Yet, description of acute invasive fungal sinusitis with its management in those patients is still scarce. This study aims to describe this recently increasing clinical entity in relation to COVID-19 patients. Methods Prospective longitudinal study included patients diagnosed with acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis after a recent COVID-19 infection. Antifungal agents given included amphotericin B, voriconazole and/or posaconazole. Surgical treatment was restricted to patients with PCR negative results for COVID-19. Endoscopic, open and combined approaches were utilized to eradicate infection. Follow-up for survived patients was maintained regularly for the first postoperative month. Results A total of 36 patients with a mean age of 52.92 ± 11.30 years old were included. Most common associated disease was diabetes mellitus (27.8%). Mycological analysis revealed infection with Mucor and Aspergillus species in 77.8% and 30.6% of patients, respectively. Sino-nasal, orbital, cerebral and palatine involvement was found in 100%, 80.6%, 27.8% and 33.3% of patients, respectively. The most common reported symptoms and signs are facial pain (75%), facial numbness (66.7%), ophthalmoplegia and visual loss (63.9%). All patients were treated simultaneously by surgical debridement with antifungal medications except for two patients with PCR positive swab for COVID-19. These two patients received antifungal therapy alone. Overall survival rate was 63.89% (23/36). Conclusion Clinical suspicion of acute invasive fungal sinusitis among COVID-19 patients and early management with antifungal therapy and surgical debridement is essential for better outcomes and higher survival. Level of evidence IV. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Pseudocyst in Neck: A Case Report on Rare Complication of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Pseudocyst in Neck: A Case Report on Rare Complication of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Case Rep Otolaryngol. 2021 Apr 30;2021:6656506. doi: 10.1155/2021/6656506. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt is a common neurosurgical procedure, for the definitive management of hydrocephalus. Shunt failures may occur due to various causes but are usually due to infections in adults and catheter occlusion in the paediatric population. Case Report. The 13-year-old girl presented with a right lateral neck swelling. In detailed history, she was found to be an old case of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The clinical examination and radiological investigation revealed proximal dislodgment of the stent from the cranium, causing persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak and pseudocyst formation in the neck. CONCLUSION: The case highlights CSF pseudocyst formation as a rare differential for lateral neck swellings. PMID:34007501 | PMC:PMC8110417 | DOI:10.1155/2021/6656506 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (IMT) of the Trachea Excised by Transtracheal Surgery: Case Report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (IMT) of the Trachea Excised by Transtracheal Surgery: Case Report Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 May 19:1455613211014076. doi: 10.1177/01455613211014076. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT This report describes an extremely rare case of a primary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the trachea. The patient underwent surgical resection by a transtracheal approach and reconstruction with esophageal tracheoplasty. This case report highlights the rarity of such tumors and a minimally invasive and safe surgical technique for tumors around the central ne ck structures. PMID:34006125 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211014076 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.