Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials

gnorimies2015 shared this article with you from Inoreader Message: Abstract Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (VEMP) are commonly recorded in patients experiencing vertigo or chronic instability. This test evaluates the patient's otolith function and is often combined with both Videonystagmography and Video Head Impulse Test. VEMP is a simple, reproducible test, in the absence of any pre-existing conductive hearing loss. Cervical VEMP explore both saccular function and the inferior vestibular nerve, whereas ocular VEMP assess utricular function and the superior vestibular nerve. In combination with previously described tests, VEMP allows characterization of vertigo and provides support for the diagnosis of superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome, Menière's disease, vestibular neuritis, vestibular schwannoma or idiopathic bilateral vestibulopathy. A good knowledge of these electrophysiological tests is essential in order to precisely assess the presence or absence of vestibular function impairment. We describe the test recording technique and the most common pitfalls in interpretation of the results. We then outline the results observed in various diseases impacting vestibular function. Keywords SacculeUtricleVEMPOtolithMethod Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials Via European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases Publication date: Available online 19 January 2021 Source: European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases Author(s): C. Dorbeau, K. Bourget, L. Renard, C. Calais, D. Bakhos View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

PI3k inhibitors (BKM120 and BYL719) as radiosensitizers for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma during radiotherapy

gnorimies2015 shared this article with you from Inoreader PI3k inhibitors (BKM120 and BYL719) as radiosensitizers for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma during radiotherapy Via Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by Fu-Cheng Chuang, Chih-Chun Wang, Jian-Han Chen, Tzer-Zen Hwang, Shyh-An Yeh, Yu-Chieh Su Approximately 500,000 new cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are reported annually. Radiation therapy is an important treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The survival rate of patients with HNSCC remained low (50%) in decades because of radiation therapy failure caused by the radioresistance of HNSCC cells. This study aimed to identify PI3K inhibitors that can enhance radiosensitivity. Results showed that pan-Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) inhibitor BKM120 and class I α-specific PI3K inhibitor BYL719 dose-dependently reduced the growth of OSCC cells but not that of radioresistant OML1-R cells. The combination treatment of BKM120 or BYL719 with radiation showed an enhanced inhibitory effect on OSCC cells and radioresistant OML1-R cells. Furthermore, the enhanced inhibitory effect of the combination treatment was confirmed in patient-derived OSCC cells. The triple combination treatment of mTOR inhibitor AZD2014 and BKM120 or AZD2014 and BYL719 with radiation showed a significantly enhanced inhibitory effect on radioresistant OML1-R cells. These results suggest that the PI3K inhibitors are potential therapeutic agents with radiosensitivity for patients with OSCC. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Evidence and controversies in management of thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma

gnorimies2015 shared this article with you from Inoreader Evidence and controversies in management of thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma Via Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery - Published Ahead-of-Print Purpose of review The aim of this study was to analyse the rational of the possible therapeutic approaches to thyroglossal duct cyst carcinomas (TGDCCa), especially in consideration of their potential airway involvement, discussing the most debated issues concerning employment of thyroidectomy, neck dissection and adjuvant treatments. Recent findings The literature is unanimous in defining the Sistrunk procedure as the baseline of surgical treatment of TGDCCa, and in equating the vast majority of thyroid-like TGDCCas to classic thyroid cancers from a biological point of view, while the rarer squamous cell carcinomas seem to behave more aggressively. Thyroidectomy, neck dissection and radioactive iodine treatment are considered for high-risk lesions, with the addition of customized partial resection of laryngeal cartilages when airway involvement is encountered. Furthermore, the analysis of thyroid mutational markers has promise for accurate prevision of more aggressive clinical behaviours. Summary Even if rare, clinicians should be aware of TGDCCa due to the possibility of incidental diagnosis and, in the case of more advanced clinical scenarios, for its potential airway involvement. Sistrunk procedure combined with thyroidectomy, neck dissection and adjuvant therapy provide excellent results in high-risk patients. Additional study of pathological thyroid markers in TGDCCa is desirable to allow more individualized treatments. Correspondence to Cesare Piazza, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazza Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy. Tel: +39 30 3995319; e-mail: cesare.piazza@unibs.it Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Molecular analysis of fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid disease: where are we?

gnorimies2015 shared this article with you from Inoreader Molecular analysis of fine-needle aspiration cytology in thyroid disease: where are we? Via Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery - Published Ahead-of-Print Purpose of review The prevalence of thyroid nodules in the general population is high but only about 5% are malignant lesions. Cytology is usually appropriate to rule out malignancy in sonographically suspicious nodules but in many cases, reports are indeterminate. Molecular testing is a more recent approach to rule out malignancy and guide subsequent management. Recent findings Although several different molecular testing approaches have proven useful in reducing unnecessary surgery, there are still several remaining issues, such as the possible occurrence of RAS mutations (which are difficult to interpret in clinical management) and the role of molecular analysis in specific histotypes, such as Hürthle cell carcinomas. Furthermore, conclusive evidence is lacking regarding the cost-effectiveness and appropriateness of surgical options following molecular tests. Summary To be useful in clinical practice, molecular tests should be applied to appropriate candidates. In truly uncertain thyroid nodules in which diagnostic surgery may be considered, molecular testing may change the clinical approach and 'save' a number of thyroids. Correspondence to Cosimo Durante, MD, PhD, Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e di Precisione, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Tel: +39 06 49975133; e-mail: cosimo.durante@uniroma1.it Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

IL-25 (IL-17E) in epithelial immunology and pathophysiology

gnorimies2015 shared this article with you from Inoreader IL-25 (IL-17E) in epithelial immunology and pathophysiology Via Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology IL-25, also known as IL-17E, is a unique cytokine of the IL-17 family. Indeed, IL-25 exclusively was shown to strongly induce expression of the cytokines associated with type 2 immunity. Although produced by several types of immune cells, such as T cells, dendritic cells, or group 2 innate lymphoid cells, a vast amount of IL-25 derives from epithelial cells. The functions of IL-25 have been actively studied in the context of physiology and pathology of various organs including skin, airways and lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and thymus. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Improving Executive Function of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder through Cycling Skill Acquisition

ola Kala shared this article with you from Inoreader Improving Executive Function of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder through Cycling Skill Acquisition Μέσω Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise - Published Ahead-of-Print Purpose Executive dysfunction has been widely reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While studies have clearly documented the cognitive benefits of physical exercise on cognition in children, similar studies in children with ASD are scarce. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of cognitively engaging exercise and non-cognitively engaging exercise on executive function in children with ASD. Methods Sixty-two children diagnosed with ASD (50 males and 12 females, Mage = 9.89±1.53 yr, Mheight = 1.43 ± 0.15 m, and Mweight = 44.69 ± 11.96kg) were randomly assigned into three groups: learning to ride a bicycle (n = 22), stationary cycling (n = 20) and control (n = 20). Four executive function components (planning, working memory, flexibility and inhibition) were assessed. Results Results revealed significant improvements in all executive function components in the learning to ride a bicycle group (ps <.05 but not in the other two groups after controlling for age and iq. conclusion our findings highlight value of cognitive engagement exercise programs designed to improve cognition children with asd. corresponding author detail: dr. andy c.y. tse rm d4-2 block d4 lo ping road tai po n.t. hong kong. tel: email: andytcy authors declare that results study are presented clearly honestly without fabrication falsification or inappropriate data manipulation presentation result does constitute endorsement by acsm. declared no potential conflicts interest respect research authorship publication this article. work described paper was supported a grant from grants council kong special administrative region china no. eduhk accepted publication: january american college sports medicine> View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Factors Protecting against a Decline in Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic

ola Kala shared this article with you from Inoreader Factors Protecting against a Decline in Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic Μέσω Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise - Published Ahead-of-Print Purpose The spread of COVID-19 and the associated stay-at-home orders and shutdowns of gyms and fitness centers has drastically influenced health behaviors leading to widespread reductions in physical activity (PA). The recent Call to Action from the American College of Sports Medicine has promoted "innovative strategies to promote PA during the COVID-19 pandemic". We aimed to identify individual-level factors that protected against declines in PA levels amid the COVID-19 restrictions. Methods We utilized the Pennington Biomedical COVID-19 Health Behaviors Survey for our analyses and used mixed-effect linear and generalized linear models to estimate the effects of individual-level factors on changes in PA levels during the COVID-19 restrictions. Results Participants (n=4,376) provided information on PA behaviors before and during the COVID-19 shutdown. Overall, PA levels declined by a mean (SD) of 112 (1,460) MET minutes/week during the COVID-19 shutdown; however, changes in PA were heterogeneous, with 55% of the participants reporting increases in or maintenance of PA during that time. Several social and demographic factors were significantly related to declines in PA, including high pre-pandemic PA levels, living alone (difference=118 MET minutes/week), low household income (difference between the highest and lowest income group=363 MET minutes/week), COVID-19-related changes in income (difference=110 MET minutes/week), and loss of employment (difference=168 MET minutes/week). Substitution of pre-pandemic gym attendance with the purchase and use of home exercise equipment or exercise through virtual fitness platforms promoted increases in PA during the COVID-19 shutdown. Conclusions While promoting PA through the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to consider demographic factors, which greatly influence health behaviors and implementation of, and access to, replacement behaviors. Promotion of such strategies could help maintain PA levels during potential future stay-at-home orders. * Denotes co-first authorship Accepted for Publication: 21 December 2020 Corresponding Author: Leanne M. Redman, PhD, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, T. 1-225-763-0947 E. leanne.redman@pbrc.edu This work was partially supported by a NORC Center Grant # P30DK072476 entitled "Nutrition and Metabolic Health Through the Lifespan" sponsored by NIDDK. In addition, this work was supported in part by U54 GM104940 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health, which funds the Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center. C.H. is supported by an NIH NIDDK National Research Service Award (T32DK064584). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Conflict of Interest. None of the authors declare a conflict of interest. The results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by ACSM. The results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections. © 2021 American College of Sports Medicine View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

In Vivo Visualization of Tissue Damage Induced by Percutaneous Muscle Biopsy via Novel High-Resolution MR Imaging

ola Kala shared this article with you from Inoreader In Vivo Visualization of Tissue Damage Induced by Percutaneous Muscle Biopsy via Novel High-Resolution MR Imaging Μέσω Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise - Published Ahead-of-Print Purpose Percutaneous muscle biopsy is the gold standard for tissue assessment in clinical practice and scientific studies. The aim of this study was to assess and quantify the ensuing tissue damage by in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods In this prospective study we enrolled 22 healthy participants, who underwent MRI of the thigh musculature about one week after a percutaneous muscle biopsy of the vastus lateralis muscle. A total of 17 participants also volunteered for a second MR-examination two weeks after biopsy. Volumes of SWI lesions and muscle edema were assessed by susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and T2-weighted MRI, respectively, after manual segmentation by two independent readers. For quantitative in vivo hematoma volume assessment, we additionally determined signal changes induced by experimental hematoma in an ex vivo model. Results Mean overall volume of SWI lesions one week after biopsy was 26.5 ± 21.7 μl, accompanied by a mean perifocal edema volume of 790.1 ± 591.4 μl. In participants who underwent two examinations mean volume of SWI lesions slightly decreased from 29.8 ± 23.6 μl to 23.9 ± 16.8 μl within one week (p=0.13). Muscle edema volume decreased from 820.2 ± 632.4 μl to 359.6 ± 207.3 μl at the same time (p=0.006). By calibration with the ex vivo findings, signal alterations on SWI corresponded to a blood volume of approximately 10 - 50 μl. Conclusion Intramuscular hematoma and accompanying muscle edema after percutaneous biopsy are small and decrease rapidly within the first two weeks. These in vivo findings underline the limited invasiveness of the procedure. Accepted for Publication: 11 December 2020 Correspondence: Tim Hilgenfeld, MD, Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Email: Tim.Hilgenfeld@med.uni-heidelberg.de Supported in part by the German Research Council (SFB 1118, S.H.; SFB 1158, M.B.). The authors have no commercial or financial conflicts of interest to declare. The results are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation and do not constitute endorsement by the American College of Sports Medicine. © 2021 American College of Sports Medicine View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Maximal Oxygen Uptake Is Underestimated during Incremental Testing in Hypertensive Older Adults: Findings from the HAEL Study

ola Kala shared this article with you from Inoreader Maximal Oxygen Uptake Is Underestimated during Incremental Testing in Hypertensive Older Adults: Findings from the HAEL Study Μέσω Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise - Published Ahead-of-Print Purpose The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether a maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) verification phase (VER) could improve the accuracy of a previous graded exercise test (GXT) to assess individual VO2max in hypertensive individuals. Methods Thirty-three older adults with hypertension (24 women) taking part in the Hypertension Approaches in the Elderly Study (NCT03264443) were recruited. Briefly, after performing a treadmill GXT to exhaustion, participants rested for 10 min and underwent a multistage VER to confirm GXT results. Individual VO2max, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), maximal heart rate (HRmax), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured during both GXT and VER tests. Mean values were compared between bouts using paired sample t-tests and VO2max was also compared between GXT and VER on an individual basis. Results Testing was well tolerated by all participants. Both absolute (p=0.011) and relative (p=0.014) VO2max values were higher in VER than in GXT. RER (p View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Sex Differences in Cardiometabolic Health Indicators following HIIT in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

ola Kala shared this article with you from Inoreader Sex Differences in Cardiometabolic Health Indicators following HIIT in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Μέσω Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise - Published Ahead-of-Print Purpose Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an independent predictor of mortality, and females typically achieve smaller improvements in CRF than males following exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to produce superior improvements in CRF than traditional CR, but the sex-differences are unknown. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate sex-differences for changes in CRF and cardiometabolic health indicators following HIIT in adults with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and Results A systemic search of 5 electronic databases for studies examining the effect of HIIT on measured CRF and cardiometabolic health indicators in adults with CAD was performed. Data (published and unpublished) from 14 studies were included in the meta-analyses with ~8-fold greater male than female participation (n=836 vs. n=103). Males with CAD achieved a near significant absolute improvement in CRF (mean difference [MD]: 1.07, 95% CI: -0.08 to 2.23 mL/kg/min, p=0.07) following HIIT when compared to control; there were insufficient data to conduct such an analysis in females. Significantly smaller improvements in CRF were experienced by females than males (MD: -1.10, 95% CI: -2.08 to -0.12 mL/kg/min; p=0.03); there was no sex-difference for the relative (percentage) change in CRF following HIIT. Females achieved significantly smaller reductions in body mass index (MD: -0.25, 95% CI: -0.03 to -0.47 kg/m2; p=0.02) and fasting blood glucose (MD: -0.38, 95% CI: -0.05 to -0.72; p=0.03); no se x-differences were observed for other cardiometabolic health indicators. Conclusion There are no sex-differences for relative improvements in CRF following HIIT; however, females are greatly underrepresented in trials. Future studies should increase female participation and perform sex-based analyses to determine sex-specific outcomes with HIIT. Accepted for Publication: 4 December 2020 Address for correspondence: Dr. Kimberley L. Way, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia. Phone: +1613.879.0407. Email: kim.way@deakin.edu.au. Twitter handle: @DrKimWay, @DrJenniferReed CONFLICT OF INTEREST. The authors received no funding to support the research and publication of this manuscript. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by ACSM are presented without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. © 2021 American College of Sports Medicine View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

KIT mutational status does not constitute an independent prognostic marker in cutaneous melanoma. A study on 688 Spanish patients

ola Kala shared this article with you from Inoreader KIT mutational status does not constitute an independent prognostic marker in cutaneous melanoma. A study on 688 Spanish patients Μέσω Melanoma Research - Current Issue No abstract available View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.