The moon is younger than we thought according to data form the Rosetta spacecraft that shows 22 per cent of our atmospheric xenon came from comets
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Πέμπτη 8 Ιουνίου 2017
The mystery xenon in Earth’s atmosphere came from icy comets
Flow cytometric measurement of STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells - Clinical applications in PID diagnostics
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Michael Bitar, Andreas Boldt, Stefanie Binder, Michael Borte, Karim Kentouche, Stephan Borte, Ulrich Sack
Teaser
Flow cytometry-based pSTAT1 and pSTAT3 profiling is an effective diagnostic tool to identify PID patients with aberrations in the STAT1 or STAT3 gene.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via a.lsfakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2sZ1VaW
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Nitric oxide induces human CLA+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells with skin homing potential
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2017
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Cunjing Yu, Amanda Fitzpatrick, Duanduan Cong, Chengcan Yao, Jinah Yoo, Andrew Turnbull, Jürgen Schwarze, Mary Norval, Sarah E.M. Howie, Richard B. Weller, Anne L. Astier
Phototherapy releases nitric oxide and can reduce symptoms in Atopic Dermatitis (AD). Nitric oxide induced suppressive regulatory T cells and, post-phototherapy, a clinical improvement in AD correlated with an increased ratio of Tregulatory:Teffector cells.
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Study Adds Evidence That Flaws in a Tumor's Genetic Mending Kit Drive Treatment Response to Immunotherapy Drugs
In an expanded, three-year clinical trial of 86 patients with colorectal and 11 other kinds of cancer that have so-called 'mismatch repair' genetic defects, scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine and its Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy have found that half of the patients respond to an immunotherapy drug called pembrolizumab (Keytruda). In a report on the findings, which led the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to approve expanded use of pembrolizumab for patients, the researchers also say they found evidence that the immune responses closely aligned with mutations found in their cancers. The report is published online in the June 8 issue of the journal Science.
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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with Gain of Function STAT1 Mutation
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2017
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Jennifer W. Leiding, Satoshi Okada, David Hagin, Mario Abinun, Anna Shcherbina, Dmitry N. Balashov, Vy H.D. Kim, Adi Ovadia, Stephen L. Guthery, Michael Pulsipher, Desa Lilic, Lisa A. Devlin, Sharon Christie, Mark Depner, Sebastian Fuchs, Annet van Royen-Kerkhof, Caroline Lindemans, Aleksandra Petrovic, Kathleen E. Sullivan, Nancy Bunin, Sara Sebnem Kilic, Fikret Arpaci, Oscar de la Calle-Martin, Laura Martinez-Martinez, Juan Carlos Aldave, Masao Kobayashi, Teppei Ohkawa, Kohsuke Imai, Akihiro Iguchi, Chaim M. Roifman, Andrew R. Gennery, Mary Slatter, Hans D. Ochs, Tomohiro Morio, Troy R. Torgerson
BackgroundGain of function mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (GOF-STAT1) cause a susceptibility to a range of infections, autoimmunity, immune dysregulation, and combined immunodeficiency. Disease manifestations can be mild or severe and life threatening. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has been utilized in some patients with more severe symptoms to treat and cure the disorder. The outcome of HSCT for this disorder is, however, not well established.ObjectiveTo aggregate the worldwide experience of HSCT in GOF-STAT1 patients and to assess outcomes including donor engraftment, overall survival, graft versus host disease, and transplant related complications.MethodsData were collected from an international cohort of 15 GOF-STAT1 patients that had undergone HSCT using a variety of conditioning regimens and donor sources. Retrospective data collection allowed the outcome of transplantation to be assessed. In vitro functional testing was performed to confirm that each of the identified STAT1 variants was, in-fact, a gain of function mutation.ResultsPrimary donor engraftment in this cohort of 15 GOF-STAT1 patients was 74% and overall survival was only 40%. Secondary graft failure was common (50%) and post-transplant event free survival was poor (10% by 100 days). A subset of patients developed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) prior to their transplant, contributing to their poor outcomes.ConclusionOur data indicate that HSCT for patients with GOF-STAT1 mutations is curative but has significant risk of secondary graft failure and death.
Teaser
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in GOF-STAT1 patients can be curative. HSCT in this cohort is however associated with a relatively high rate of graft failure and other complications that lead to decreased overall survival.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via a.lsfakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2sYGA1u
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Exaggerated T Follicular Helper Cell Responses in LRBA Deficiency Due to Failure of CTLA4-Mediated Regulation
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2017
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Fayhan J. Alroqi, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Safa Baris, Ayca Kiykim, Janet Chou, Craig D. Platt, Abdulrahman Algassim, Sevgi Keles, Bandar K. Al Saud, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Michael Jordan, Raif S. Geha, Talal A. Chatila
PurposeLRBA (lipopolysaccharide-responsive beige like anchor protein) and CTLA4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4) deficiencies give rise to overlapping phenotypes of immune dysregulation and autoimmunity, with dramatically increased frequencies of circulating T Follicular helper (cTFH) cells. We sought to determine the mechanisms of cTFH cell dysregulation in LRBA deficiency and the utility of monitoring cTFH cells as a correlate of clinical response to CTLA4-Ig therapy.MethodscTFH cells and other lymphocyte subpopulations were characterized. Functional analyses included in vitro TFH cell differentiation and cTFH/naïve B cell co-cultures. Serum soluble IL-2 receptor alpha chain (sIL-2Rα), and in vitro immunoglobulin production by cultured B cells were quantified by ELISA.ResultscTFH cell frequencies in patients with LRBA or CTLA4 deficiency sharply declined with CTLA4-Ig therapy, in parallel with other markers of immune dysregulation including sIL-2Rα, CD45RO+CD4+ effector T cells and auto-antibodies, and predictive of favorable clinical responses. cTFH cells in patients with LRBA deficiency were biased towards a TH1-like cell phenotype, which was partially reversed by CTLA4-Ig therapy. LRBA-sufficient but not -deficient regulatory T (Treg) cells suppressed in vitro TFH cell differentiation in a CTLA4-dependent manner. LRBA deficient TFH cells supported in vitro antibody production by naïve LRBA-sufficient B cells.ConclusionscTFH cell dysregulation in LRBA deficiency reflects impaired control of TFH differentiation due to profoundly decreased CTLA4 expression on Treg cells, and probably contributes to autoimmunity in this disease. Serial monitoring of cTFH cell frequencies is highly useful in gauging the clinical response of LRBA deficient patients to CTLA4-Ig therapy.
Teaser
LRBA and CTLA4 deficiencies are associated with dysregulated TFH cell responses, which may contribute to autoimmunity in these disorders. Monitoring circulating TFH cells may help gauge response to therapy.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via a.lsfakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2s0LPAq
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Prenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal factors are associated with pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2017
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Elizabeth T. Jensen, Jonathan T. Kuhl, Lisa J. Martin, Marc E. Rothenberg, Evan S. Dellon
BackgroundMultiple lines of evidence point to the potential importance of early-life environmental factors in the rapid rise in incidence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), but potential exposures have not been extensively studied.ObjectiveTo assess the association between prenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal factors and the development of pediatric EoE using a case-control study.MethodsCases of EoE were recruited from an existing registry at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC). Population-based community controls were identified from a separate CCHMC registry. Mothers of study subjects were contacted and completed a web-based questionnaire. Crude and adjusted models were used to estimate associations.ResultsMothers of 127 cases and 121 controls were included. We observed a positive association between several early-life factors and EoE, including prenatal (maternal fever: aOR 3.18; 95% CI 1.27, 7.98; preterm labor: aOR 2.18; 95% CI 1.06, 4.48), intrapartum (Cesarean delivery: aOR 1.77; 95% CI 1.01, 3.09) and infancy factors (antibiotic use: aOR 2.30; 95% CI 1.21, 4.38; use of an acid-suppressant: aOR 6.05; 95% CI 2.55, 14.40). We observed an inverse association between having a furry pet in infancy and EoE (aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.34, 0.97). No associations were observed for breastfeeding or maternal multivitamin or folic acid supplement use.ConclusionEarly-life factors including maternal fever, preterm labor, Cesarean delivery, and antibiotic or acid suppressant use in infancy were associated with risk of pediatric EoE; having a pet in the home was protective. These results add to growing evidence that implicate early-life exposures in EoE pathogenesis.
Teaser
Heritability estimates for EoE suggest that both genetics and early-life environmental factors contribute to disease pathogenesis. The present study identifies several prenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal factors associated with EoE susceptibility.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via a.lsfakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2sYT74N
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Capacity for self-monitoring reading comprehension in Elementary School
RESUMO Purpose Investigar a capacidade de automonitoramento da compreensão leitora de escolares brasileiros do Ensino Fundamental. Método Avaliaram-se 53 alunos do 5º e 9º anos do Ensino Fundamental de escolas da rede pública de São Paulo, selecionados pelo valor de taxa de leitura oral de texto e agrupados a partir de seu desempenho em compreensão leitora em: Grupo de melhor compreensão: escolares com taxa e acurácia adequadas, sem dificuldades na compreensão leitora; Grupo de pior compreensão: escolares com taxa e acurácia adequadas e dificuldades na compreensão leitora. Dois textos narrativos acompanhados de oito questões para avaliar a compreensão leitora foram apresentados. Duas sentenças e duas palavras foram substituídas por elementos agramaticais, pseudopalavras. Na condição de monitoramento espontâneo, os escolares leram o texto oralmente e responderam a questões. A análise considerou o cômputo de hesitações, autocorreções, repetições e erros. Na condição de monitoramento dirigido, leram o texto, informados de que algumas partes poderiam não fazer sentido e que as sublinhassem. A análise se deu pelo cômputo dos itens sublinhados. Os grupos foram comparados pelo Teste de Mann-Whitney. Resultados Observou-se diferença entre os grupos em nível frasal no 9º ano, na condição de monitoramento espontâneo, e no 5º ano, na condição de monitoramento dirigido. Conclusão Escolares de pior compreensão leitora apresentaram desempenho inferior ao monitorar a presença de sentenças agramaticais.
ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the capacity for self-monitoring reading comprehension in Brazilian Elementary School students. Methods Fifty-three Elementary students in the 5th and 9th grades from two Public Schools in the city of São Paulo were assessed. They were selected based on their oral reading rate and grouped according to their performance in reading comprehension in the following categories: Group with best comprehension: students with adequate rate and accuracy, without difficulties in reading comprehension; Group with worst comprehension: students with adequate rate and accuracy but with difficulties in reading comprehension. Two narrative texts followed by eight questions to assess reading comprehension were presented. Two sentences and two words were replaced by ungrammatical elements and pseudo-words. Under the condition of spontaneous monitoring, students read the text aloud and answered the questions. The analysis considered the calculation of hesitation, self-correction, repetitions and mistakes. Under the condition of directed monitoring, students were instructed to read the text, either aloud or silently, after being told that certain parts of the text could not make sense, and they were oriented to underline such parts. The analysis was carried out by counting of underlined items. The comparisons were made with the Mann-Whitney test. Results A difference was observed between the groups only at the sentence level among the 9th grade schoolchildren under the spontaneous monitoring and among the 5th grade schoolchildren under directed monitoring. Conclusion Students with worst comprehension had a poorer performance to monitor the presence of ungrammatical sentences than their peers with best comprehension.
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Immediate effects of tongue trills associated with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
RESUMO Objetivo Verificar variação da qualidade vocal após realização da técnica de vibração sonorizada de língua associada à estimulação nervosa elétrica transcutânea (TVSL+TENS) sobre a laringe em mulheres com função laríngea normal. Verificar, ainda, a influência do tempo de realização desta técnica na voz. Método Participaram 40 mulheres (média 23,4 anos) sem queixas ou alterações vocais. Foi realizada TVSL associada ou não à TENS por 3 minutos, descanso e realização da técnica por mais 2 minutos (total 5 min). Foram feitas gravações das vozes antes (Pré), após três minutos (Pós 3 min) e após dois minutos adicionais de técnica (Pós 5 min). Utilizou-se a corrente TENS, com dois eletrodos sobre a cartilagem tireóidea. Realizou-se autoavaliação, avaliação acústica e perceptivoauditiva. Resultados Ao comparar TVSL isolada e TVSL+TENS observou-se que a combinação das técnicas resultou em sensação de maior estabilidade na emissão vocal (autoavaliação) e melhor ganho na qualidade vocal (avaliação perceptivoauditiva). Não houve diferença estatística nos achados acústicos entre TVSL e TVSL+TENS. Ao considerar a TVSL+TENS e comparar seu tempo de realização, observou-se, na autoavaliação, sensação de menor tensão muscular (3 min) e maior conforto da emissão (5 min); na análise acústica, elevação de F0 (3 e 5 min) e intensidade (5 min), em relação ao momento Pré; e na avaliação perceptivoauditiva, melhor qualidade vocal (3 min). Conclusão Comparando TVSL isolada e TVSL+TENS, houve mudanças na sensação de conforto e tensão muscular e também, na qualidade vocal. Por outro lado, a TVSL+TENS realizada em 3 ou 5 mintuos resultou em efeitos benéficos na voz, identificados nas avaliações realizadas.
ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate vocal quality variability after applying tongue trills associated with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) on the larynx of women with normal laryngeal function. Additionally, to verify the effect of this technique over time on voice quality. Methods Participants were 40 women (average 23.4 years) without vocal complaints. The procedure involved tongue trills with or without TENS for 3 minutes, rest and repeating the technique for another 2 minutes. The participants' voices were recorded before (Pre), after three minutes (Post 3min) and after two additional minutes (Post 5min) applying the technique. TENS with two electrodes was used on the thyroid cartilage. Self-assessment, acoustic and perceptual analysis were performed. Results When comparing tongue trills in isolation and associated with TENS, a greater sense of stability in phonation (self-assessment) and improvement in voice quality (perceptual evaluation) was observed in the combination technique. There was no statistical difference in acoustics findings between tongue trills in isolation and associated with TENS. When comparing the time effect of tongue trills with TENS in self-assessment there was a perception of less muscle tension (3min) and greater comfort during phonation (5 min); in the acoustic analysis, there was an increase of F0 (3 and 5 min) and intensity (5 min) when compared to Pre-moment; in the perceptual evaluation, better voice quality (3min). Conclusion Comparing tongue trills in isolation and associated with TENS, there were changes in the comfort and muscle tension perception, as well as in vocal quality. On the other hand, tongue trills associated with TENS performed in 3 or 5 minutes resulted in beneficial effects on the voice identified in the assessments.
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Increased IL-13 expression is independently associated with neo-osteogenesis in chronic rhinosinusitis
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Sakiko Oue, Mahnaz Ramezanpour, Sathish Paramasivan, Dijana Miljkovic, Clare M. Cooksley, Ahmed Bassiouni, Judy Ou, Alkis J. Psaltis, Peter-John Wormald, Sarah Vreugde
Teaser
Capsule Summary: Increased expression of IL-13 is independently affected by the neo-osteogenesis state in CRS. IL-13 protein increased osteoblastic bone mineralization in vitro. Our findings indicate that IL-13 may contribute to pathological bone remodelling in recalcitrant CRS.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via a.lsfakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2s0NwxE
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Mutation of Angiopoietin-1 Gene Associates with a New Type of Hereditary Angioedema
Publication date: Available online 8 June 2017
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Valeria Bafunno, Davide Firinu, Maria D'Apolito, Giorgia Cordisco, Stefania Loffredo, Angelica Leccese, Maria Bova, Maria Pina Barca, Rosa Santacroce, Marco Cicardi, Stefano Del Giacco, Maurizio Margaglione.
BackgroundHereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare genetic disease usually due to mutation within the C1 inhibitor or the coagulation Factor XII gene. However, in a series of patients with HAE no causative variants have been described and the pathophysiology of the disease remains unknown (U-HAE). Identification of causative genes in U-HAE is valuable for understanding the cause of the disease.ObjectiveWe conducted genetic studies in Italian patients with U-HAE to identify novel causative genes.MethodsAmong patients belonging to 10 independent families and unrelated index patients with U-HAE disease recruited from the Italian network for C1-INH-HAE (ITACA), we selected a large multiplex family with U-HAE and performed whole-exome sequencing. The angiopoietin-1 gene (ANGPT1) was investigated in all patients with familial or sporadic U-HAE. The effect of ANGPT1 variants was investigated by in silico prediction and using patients and control plasmas and transfected cells.ResultsWe identified a missense mutation (ANGPT1, c.807G>T, p.A119S) in a family with U-HAE. The ANGPT1 p.A119S variant was detected in all members of the index family with U-HAE but not in asymptomatic family members, nor in an additional 20 patients with familial U-HAE, 22 patients with sporadic U-HAE, and 200 controls. Protein analysis of the plasma of patients revealed a reduction of multimeric forms and a reduced ability to bind the natural receptor "tunica interna endothelial cell kinase-2" (TIE2) of the ANGPT1 p.A119S variant. The recombinant mutated ANGPT1 p.A119S formed a reduced amount of multimers and showed a reduced binding capability to its receptor.ConclusionANGPT1 impairment is associated with angioedema and ANGPT1 variants can be the basis of HAE.
Graphical abstract
Teaser
A missense variant in the angiopoietin-1 gene (ANGPT1) represents a novel and independent mechanism leading to vascular permeability and angioedema. Impairment of the endothelial ANGPT1-TIE2 ligand-receptor system may be involved in the pathophysiology of HAE.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via a.lsfakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2s0WcUH
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B cells control maternofetal priming of allergy and tolerance in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2017
Source:Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Christine Happle, Adan Chari Jirmo, Almut Meyer-Bahlburg, Anika Habener, Heinz Gerd Hoymann, Christian Hennig, Jelena Skuljec, Gesine Hansen
BackgroundAllergic asthma is a chronic lung disease resulting from inappropriate immune responses to environmental antigens. Early tolerance induction is an attractive approach for primary prevention of asthma.ObjectiveWe analysed the mechanisms of perinatal tolerance induction to allergens with particular focus on the role of B cells in preconceptional and early intrauterine immune priming.MethodsWild type (WT) and B cell deficient mice received ovalbumin (OVA) intranasally before mating. Their offspring was analysed in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation.ResultsWhile antigen application before conception protected WT progeny from allergy, it aggravated allergic airway inflammation in B cell deficient offspring. B cell transfer restored protection, demonstrating the crucial role of B cells in perinatal tolerance induction. Effective diaplacentar allergen transfer was detectable in pregnant WT mice but not in pregnant B cell KO dams, and antigen concentrations in WT amniotic fluid were higher than in IgG-free amniotic fluid of B cell deficient dams. Application of OVA/IgG immune complexes (IC) during pregnancy boosted OVA uptake by fetal dendritic cells (DCs). Fetal DCs in humans and mice expressed strikingly higher levels of Fcγ receptors compared to DCs from adults and were highly efficient in taking up OVA-IC. Moreover, murine fetal DCs effectively primed antigen-specific foxp3+ Tregs after in vitro coincubation with OVA/IgG containing amniotic fluid.ConclusionOur data support a decisive role for B cells and immunoglobulins during in utero tolerance priming. These findings improve the understanding of perinatal immunity and may support the development of effective primary prevention strategies for allergy and asthma in the future.
Teaser
Maternal allergen application before conception protects murine WT-offspring from allergy but aggravates allergic airway inflammation in B-cell deficient pups. Perinatal tolerance induction is associated with intrauterine antigen/IgG-transfer to fetal DCs which in turn effectively prime antigen-specific Tregs.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via a.lsfakia on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2sYT0Xe
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Assessing the Believability of Standardized Patients Trained to Portray Communication Disorders
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the believability of standardized patients portraying individuals with communication disorders as part of a larger study in which standardized patients help train medical and allied health students about communication disorders. Method
Two women portrayed persons with aphasia, and 2 men depicted persons with dysarthria associated with Parkinson's disease. Two stakeholder groups rated believability. Speech-language pathologists rated believability of videos online. Persons with aphasia rated aphasia videos during in-person sessions with the researchers. Results
Targeted believability was 80 or higher (0–100 scale; 0 = not at all believable, 100 = very believable). For speech-language pathologist raters, average ratings met the target for the portrayals of the aphasia characteristics of word-finding problems, agrammaticism, nonverbal communication, and overall portrayal but not for auditory comprehension problems. Targets for the portrayals were met for the dysarthria characteristics of reduced speech movements, reduced loudness, reduced intonation, flat affect, and overall portrayal but not for speech rate. Ratings for different standardized patients portraying the same case were not significantly different from each other on most characteristics. Ratings from persons with aphasia were highly variable. Conclusion
Standardized patients who do not have communication disorders can portray disorder characteristics in a believable manner.from Speech via xlomafota13 on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2s8eZ1k
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The contrast between alveolar and velar stops with typical speech data: acoustic and articulatory analyses
RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar acústica e articulatoriamente o contraste entre oclusivas alveolares e velares em dados típicos de fala, além de comparar os parâmetros (acústicos e articulatórios) de adultos e de crianças com desenvolvimento típico de fala. Método A amostra consistiu de 20 adultos e 15 crianças com desenvolvimento típico de fala. O corpus analisado no presente estudo foi composto por cinco repetições de cada palavra-alvo (/'kap ə/, /'tapə/, /'galo/ e /'daɾə/). Essas palavras foram inseridas em frase-veículo e o indivíduo foi instruído a nomeá-las espontaneamente. Foi realizada a gravação simultânea de áudio e vídeo (imagens de ultrassom de língua). Os dados passaram por análise acústica (voice onset time; pico espectral e momentos espectrais do burst; transição consoante/vogal e medidas de duração relativa) e articulatória (proporção de eixos significantes da região anterior e posterior de língua e descrição das curvas de língua). Resultados Os parâmetros acústicos e articulatórios investigados foram sensíveis em marcar o contraste entre oclusivas alveolares e velares, principalmente, no grupo de adultos. Ambas as análises de fala sinalizaram também algumas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os dois grupos da pesquisa. Conclusão Os parâmetros acústicos e articulatórios investigados forneceram indícios para a caracterização do contraste fônico alvo do estudo. Dentre as principais contribuições da comparação da fala adulta e infantil, destaca-se a evidência de um período de refinamento/amadurecimento articulatório, mesmo após a aquisição dos segmentos oclusivos.
ABSTRACT Purpose This study used acoustic and articulatory analyses to characterize the contrast between alveolar and velar stops with typical speech data, comparing the parameters (acoustic and articulatory) of adults and children with typical speech development. Methods The sample consisted of 20 adults and 15 children with typical speech development. The analyzed corpus was organized through five repetitions of each target-word (/'kap ə/, /'tapə/, /'galo/ e /'daɾə/). These words were inserted into a carrier phrase and the participant was asked to name them spontaneously. Simultaneous audio and video data were recorded (tongue ultrasound images). The data was submitted to acoustic analyses (voice onset time; spectral peak and burst spectral moments; vowel/consonant transition and relative duration measures) and articulatory analyses (proportion of significant axes of the anterior and posterior tongue regions and description of tongue curves). Results Acoustic and articulatory parameters were effective to indicate the contrast between alveolar and velar stops, mainly in the adult group. Both speech analyses showed statistically significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion The acoustic and articulatory parameters provided signals to characterize the phonic contrast of speech. One of the main findings in the comparison between adult and child speech was evidence of articulatory refinement/maturation even after the period of segment acquisition.
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Recommendations for elaboration, transcultural adaptation and validation process of tests in Speech, Hearing and Language Pathology
RESUMO Objetivo apresentar um guia com recomendações para a tradução, adaptação, elaboração e processo de validação de testes em Fonoaudiologia. Método as recomendações apresentadas foram baseadas em diretrizes internacionais tradicionais cujo enfoque está na elaboração, tradução, adaptação transcultural e processo de validação de testes. Resultados as recomendações foram compiladas em dois quadros, sendo um deles referente aos procedimentos para tradução e adaptação transcultural e o outro à obtenção de evidências de validade, confiabilidade e medidas de acurácia dos testes. Conclusão foi apresentado um guia com as principais recomendações para a organização e sistematização do processo de elaboração, tradução, adaptação transcultural e processo de validação de testes em Fonoaudiologia.
ABSTRACT Objective to present a guide with recommendations for translation, adaptation, elaboration and process of validation of tests in Speech and Language Pathology. Methods the recommendations were based on international guidelines with a focus on the elaboration, translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation process of tests. Results the recommendations were grouped into two Charts, one of them with procedures for translation and transcultural adaptation and the other for obtaining evidence of validity, reliability and measures of accuracy of the tests. Conclusion a guide with norms for the organization and systematization of the process of elaboration, translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation process of tests in Speech and Language Pathology was created.
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When It's Not A Sunburn But A Sun Allergy
As it gets warmer and people start spending more time outside, I have more and more patients coming into my office and complaining of a "sun allergy." A sun allergy is really a layman's term, which refers to a number of conditions when a rash occurs on skin that has been exposed to the sun. These are also referred to as photosensitive disorders or photodermatoses, and can be broadly categorized into the following medical terms: idiopathic photodermatoses, exogenous photodermatoses, photoexacerbated dermatoses, genetic photodermatoses, and metabolic photodermatoses. Sounds complicated, right? A sun allergy refers to a number of conditions when a rash occurs on skin that has been exposed to the sun. Let's break it down: If, after spending a few hours in...
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Boy with ear pain and facial weakness - ModernMedicine
ModernMedicine | Boy with ear pain and facial weakness ModernMedicine Computed tomography (CT) scan of the temporal bone with intravenous (IV) contrast is performed that shows findings consistent with acute otomastoiditis on the left with opacification of the left mastoid air cells and middle ear cavity (Figure). The ... |
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Heart Infections Spike as Injection-Drug Abuse Climbs: CDC
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Dissemination of blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-58, and blaNDM-1 Genes of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Four Tertiary Hospitals in Thailand
Microbial Drug Resistance , Vol. 0, No. 0.
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Does a Low-Fat Dairy Habit Boost Parkinson's Risk?
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Summary Low-fidelity, simulation-based psychomotor skills training is a valuable first step in the educational approach to mastering com...
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Here we report on the treatment of a 38-year-old woman with primary cutaneous γδT-cell lymphoma, which is a rare subset of cutaneous T-cell ...
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Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182, Treatment of basilar artery stenosis w...
