Knockdown of circGOLPH3 inhibits cell progression and glycolysis by targeting miR‐145‐5p/lysine demethylase 2A (KDM2A) axis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Knockdown of circGOLPH3 inhibits cell progression and glycolysis by targeting miR‐145‐5p/lysine demethylase 2A (KDM2A) axis in oral squamous cell carcinoma via Head & Neck Abstract Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common head and neck malignancies. The aim of this study is to explore the role of circRNA Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) (circGOLPH3) in OSCC. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were performed to detect changes in the levels of circGOLPH3, microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p), and lysine demethylase 2A (KDM2A). The functions of circGOLPH3 were assessed using in vitro and in vivo assays. Dual-luciferase reporter assay detected the interaction of miR-145-5p with circGOLPH3 or KDM2A. Results circGOLPH3 expression was upregulated in OSCC. circGOLPH3 downregulation inhibited cell growth, metastasis, and glycolysis in vitro, and in vivo experiments revealed that circGOLPH3 inhibited tumor growth. In addition, circGOLPH3 bound to miR-145-5p and competitively inhibited KDM2A expression, thereby regulating OSCC cell behaviors as well as glycolysis. Conclusion circGOLPH3 exerted pro-oncogenic effects through the miR-145-5p/KDM2A axis to regulate OSCC cell behaviors. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Streptococcus mutans dexA affects exopolysaccharides production and biofilm homeostasis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Streptococcus mutans dexA affects exopolysaccharides production and biofilm homeostasis via Molecular Oral Microbiology Abstract Objectives : The study aimed to evaluate the role of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) dexA gene on biofilm structure and microecological distribution in multi-species biofilms. Materials and Methods : A multi-species biofilm model consisting of S. mutans and its dexA mutants, Streptococcus gordonii (S. gordonii) and Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis) was constructed, and bacterial growth, biofilm architecture and microbiota composition were determined to study the effect of the S. mutans dexA on multi-species biofilms. Results : Our results showed that either deletion or overexpression of S. mutans dexA had no effect on the planktonic growth of bacterium, while S. mutans dominated in the multi-species biofilms to form cariogenic biofilms. Furthermore, we revealed that the SmudexA+ group showed structural abnormality in the form of more fractures and blank areas. The morphology of the SmudexA group was sparser and more porous, with reduced and less agglomerated exopolysaccharides scaffold. Interestingly, the microbiota composition analysis provided new insights that the inhibition of S. gordonii and S. sanguinis was alleviated in the SmudexA group compared to the significantly suppressed condition in the other groups. Conclusion : In conclusion, deletion of S. mutans dexA gene re-modules biofilm structure and microbiota composition, thereby leading to decreased cariogenicity. Thus, the S. mutans dexA may be an important target for regulating the cariogenicity of dental plaque biofilms, expecting to be a probiotic for caries control. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Brain‐specific loss of Abcg1 disturbs cholesterol metabolism and aggravates pyroptosis and neurological deficits after traumatic brain injury

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Brain‐specific loss of Abcg1 disturbs cholesterol metabolism and aggravates pyroptosis and neurological deficits after traumatic brain injury via Brain Pathology Brain-specific knockout of Abcg1 disturbs cholesterol metabolism and aggravates TBI. Abstract Based on accumulating evidence, cholesterol metabolism dysfunction has been suggested to contribute to the pathophysiological process of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and lead to neurological deficits. As a key transporter of cholesterol that efflux from cells, the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family exerts many beneficial effects on central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, there is no study regarding the effects and mechanisms of ABCG1 on TBI. As expected, TBI resulted in the different time-course changes of cholesterol metabolism-related molecules in the injured cortex. Considering ABCG1 is expressed in neuron and glia post-TBI, we generated nestin-specific Abcg1 knockout (Abcg1-KO) mice using the Cre/loxP recombination system. These Abcg1-KO mice showed reduced plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and increased plasma lower-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels under the base condition. After TBI, these Abcg1-KO mice we re susceptible to cholesterol metabolism turbulence. Moreover, Abcg1-KO exacerbated TBI-induced pyroptosis, apoptosis, neuronal cell insult, brain edema, neurological deficits, and brain lesion volume. Importantly, we found that treating with retinoid X receptor (RXR, the upstream molecule of ABCG1) agonist, bexarotene, in Abcg1-KO mice partly rescued TBI-induced neuronal damages mentioned above and improved functional deficits versus vehicle-treated group. These data show that, in addition to regulating brain cholesterol metabolism, Abcg1 improves neurological deficits through inhibiting pyroptosis, apoptosis, neuronal cell insult, and brain edema. Moreover, our findings demonstrate that the cerebroprotection of Abcg1 on TBI partly relies on the activation of the RXRalpha/PPARgamma pathway, which provides a potential therapeutic target for treating TBI. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Lipopolysaccharides and Hydrogen Peroxide Induce Contrasting Pathological Conditions in Dental Pulpal Cells

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Lipopolysaccharides and Hydrogen Peroxide Induce Contrasting Pathological Conditions in Dental Pulpal Cells via International Endodontic Journal Abstract Abstract Aim To determine the effects of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and both combined on cell proliferation/differentiation, inflammation, mitochondrial dynamics as indicated by mitochondrial fission/fusion, antioxidants as indicated by superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and apoptosis of human dental pulpal cells (HDPCs). Methodology Pulpal tissues from eight healthy subjects (n=8) were collected from Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University. Isolated HDPCs from healthy donors were divided into four experimental groups: vehicle, 20 μg/mL LPS, 400 μM H2O2, and the two combined. All experimental groups were investigated to assess cell proliferation, mineralization, differentiation, inflammation, mitochondrial dynamics, antioxidants, and apoptosis. Results H2O2 and combined agents decreased cell proliferation of HDPCs equally. LPS, H2O2 and both combined decreased mineralization and differentiation with an increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels. Surprisingly, LPS and combined agents increased SOD2 expression and caused an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics. A significant increase in apoptosis was observed in the case of H2O2 and combined agents. Conclusions These findings suggest that LPS induced inflammation, imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, and reduced cell differentiation without altering apoptosis and cell proliferation. However, H2O2 decreased cell proliferation, and differentiation, and increased inflammation, and apoptosis without interfering with mitochondrial dynamics. Based on our findings, combining LPS and H2O2 could be potentially used the inducers in in vitro study to mimic the clinical pulpitis. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Therapeutic effects of Rosa Canina, Urtica Dioica and Tanacetum Vulgare Herbal Combination in Treatment of Tinnitus Symptoms; A Double‐blind Randomized Clinical Trial

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Therapeutic effects of Rosa Canina, Urtica Dioica and Tanacetum Vulgare Herbal Combination in Treatment of Tinnitus Symptoms; A Double‐blind Randomized Clinical Trial via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objective To evaluate the effect of Neurotec® herbal capsule (100 mg twice a day for three months) on the tinnitus symptoms in comparison with the placebo. Design A double-blind randomized clinical trial Setting Otolaryngology clinic of Baqiyatallah Hospital Participants Patients suffering from subjective tinnitus Main outcome measures Pure tone audiometry (PTA) was measured at 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 KHz frequencies before and after the third month of intervention. In addition, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire as well as visual analogue scale (VAS) for tinnitus loudness, daily annoyance, daily life or sleep disturbance, daily perception and mood alteration were evaluated. Results Finally, 103 (69 males and 34 females) patients with a mean age of 51.33±13.91 years were analyzed. In contrast with control group, patients in intervention group showed a remarkable decrease in THI score after three months of treatment (p<0.05). Although both groups had improvements in VAS scores, mood disturbance, daily tinnitus perception and daily life alteration scores were only improved in the intervention group. The mean pure tone air and bone conduction were not significantly different between the control and the intervention group at baseline and three months after the intervention at 0.5,1,2 and 4 kHz (P>0.05). Conclusion A three-month treatment with Neurotec Capsules in addition to patient education is of benefit for managing symptoms in patients with chronic tinnitus. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Cytomegalovirus in the transplant setting: where are we now and what happens next? A report from the International CMV Symposium 2021

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Cytomegalovirus in the transplant setting: where are we now and what happens next? A report from the International CMV Symposium 2021 via Transplant Infectious Disease Abstract The CMV Symposium in September 2021 was an international conference dedicated to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after solid organ or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This review provides an overview of the presentations given by the expert faculty, supplemented with educational clinical cases. Topics discussed include CMV epidemiology and diagnosis, the burden of CMV infection and disease, CMV-specific immunity and management of CMV in transplant settings. Major advances in the prevention and treatment of CMV in the past decade and increased understanding of CMV immunity has led to improved patient outcomes. In the future, management algorithms may be individualised based on the transplant recipient's immune profile which will mark the start of a new era for patients with CMV. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

In silico evaluation of the impact of Omicron variant of concern sublineage BA.4 and BA.5 on the sensitivity of RT‐qPCR assays for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection using whole genome sequencing

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader In silico evaluation of the impact of Omicron variant of concern sublineage BA.4 and BA.5 on the sensitivity of RT‐qPCR assays for SARS‐CoV‐2 detection using whole genome sequencing via Journal of Medical Virology ABSTRACT Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant of concern (VoC) Omicron (B.1.1.529) has rapidly spread around the world, presenting a new threat to global public human health. Due to the large number of mutations accumulated by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, concerns have emerged over potentially reduced diagnostic accuracy of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), the gold standard diagnostic test for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Thus, we aimed to assess the impact of the currently endemic Omicron sublineages BA.4 and BA.5 on the integrity and sensitivity of RT-qPCR assays used for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis via in silico analysis. We employed whole genome sequencing data and evaluated the potential for false negatives or test failure due to mismatches between primers/probes and Omicron VoC viral genome. Methods In silico sensitivity of 12 RT-qPCR tests (containing 30 primers and probe sets) developed for detection of SARS-CoV-2 reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) or available in the literature, was assessed for specifically detecting SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages, obtained after removing redundancy from publicly available genomes from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID) databases. Mismatches between amplicon regions of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VoC and primers and probe sets were evaluated, and clustering analysis of corresponding amplicon sequences was carried out. Results From the 1164 representative SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VoC BA.4 sublineage genomes analyzed, a substitution in the first five nucleotides (C to T) of the amplicon's 3' end were observed in all samples resulting in 0% sensitivity for assays HKUnivRdRp/Hel (mismatch in reverse primer) and CoremCharite N (mismatch in both forward and reverse primers). Due to a mismatch in the forward primer's 5' end (3-nucleotide substitution, GGG to AAC), the sensitivity of ChinaCDC N assay was at 0.69%. The 10 nucleotide mismatches in the reverse primer resulted in 0.09% sensitivity for Omicron sublineage BA.4 for Thai N assay. Of the 1926 BA.5 sublineage genomes, HKUnivRdRp/Hel assay also had 0% sensitivity. A sensitivity of 3.06% was observed for ChinaCDC N assay because of a mismatch in the forward primer's 5' end (3-nucleotide substitution, GGG to AAC). Similarly, due to the 10 nucleotide mismatches in the reverse primer, Thai N assay's sensitivity was low at 0.21% for sublineage BA.5. Further, 8 assays for BA.4 sublineage retained high sensitivity (more than 97%) and 9 assays for BA.5 sublineage retained more than 99% sensitivity. Conclusion We observed four assays (HKUnivRdRp/Hel, ChinaCDC N, Thai N, CoremCharite N) that could potentially result in false negative results for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VoCs BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages. Interestingl y, CoremCharite N had 0% sensitivity for Omicron Voc BA.4 but 99.53% sensitivity for BA.5. In addition, 66.67% of the assays for BA.4 sublineage and 75% of the assays for BA.5 sublineage retained high sensitivity. Further, amplicon clustering and additional substitutions analysis along with sensitivity analysis could be used for modification and development of RT-qPCR assays for detecting SARS-CoV-2 Omicron VoC sublineages. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The development of the Standardized Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB): An international road map

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The development of the Standardized Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB): An international road map via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract This paper summarizes the background reasoning and work that led to the selection of the items included in the Standardized Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB), also introducing the list of items. The instrument is currently being tested for face validity and on-field comprehension. The underlying premise is that the different motor activities included in the bruxism spectrum (e.g., clenching versus grinding, with or without teeth contact) potentially need to be discriminated from each other, based on their purportedly different etiology, comorbidities, and potential consequences. Focus should be on a valid impression of the activities' frequency, intensity, and duration. The methods that can be used for the above purposes can be grouped into strategies that collect information from the patient's history (subject-based), from the clinical assessment performed by an examiner (clinically based), or from the use of instruments to measure certain outcomes (instrumentally based). The three strategies can apply to all aspects of bruxism (i.e., status, comorbid conditions, etiology, and consequences). The STAB will help gathering information on many aspects, factors, and conditions that are currently poorly investigated in the field of bruxism. To this purpose, it is divided into two axes. Axis A includes the self-reported information on bruxism status and potential consequences (subject-based report) together with the clinical (examiner report) and instrumental assessment (technology report). Axis B includes the self-reported information (subject-based report) on factors and conditions that may have an etiological or comorbid role for bruxism. This comprehensive multidimensional assessment system will allow building predictive model for clinical and research purposes. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Gestational Hypertensive Disorders and Maternal Breast Cancer Risk

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Gestational Hypertensive Disorders and Maternal Breast Cancer Risk in a Nationwide Cohort of 40,720 Parous Women via Epidemiology - Featured Articles - Featured Articles Background: Preeclampsia and gestational hypertension are hypothesized to be associated with reduced maternal breast cancer risk, but the epidemiologic evidence is inconclusive. Our objective was to examine associations between gestational hypertensive disorders and breast cancer in a nationwide cohort of women with a family history of breast cancer. Methods: Women ages 35–74 years who had a sister previously diagnosed with breast cancer, but had never had breast cancer themselves, were enrolled in the Sister Study from 2003 to 2009 (N = 50,884). At enrollment, participants reported diagnoses of eclampsia, preeclampsia, or gestational hypertension in each pregnancy. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between history of a gestational hypertensive disorder and incident invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ among 40,720 parous women. We used age as the time scale and adjusted for birth cohort, race–ethnicity, and reproductive, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors. We examined effect measure modification by risk factors for gestational hypertensive disease and breast cancer and assessed possible etiologic heterogeneity across tumor characteristics. Results: The prevalence of gestational hypertensive disease was 12%. During follow-up (mean = 10.9 years), 3,198 eligible women self-reported a breast cancer diagnosis. History of a gestational hypertensive disorder was not associated with breast cancer risk (HR = 1.0; 95% CI = 0.90, 1.1). We did not observe clear evidence of effect measure modification or etiologic heterogeneity. Conclusions: History of a gestational hypertensive disorder was not associated with breast cancer risk in a cohort of women with a first-degree family history of breast cancer. View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prolonged Dexamethasone Exposure Enhances Zebrafish Lateral-Line Regeneration But Disrupts Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Hair Cell Function

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Prolonged Dexamethasone Exposure Enhances Zebrafish Lateral-Line Regeneration But Disrupts Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Hair Cell Function via JARO - Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology via MedWorm.com AbstractThe synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone is commonly used to treat inner ear disorders. Previous work in larval zebrafish has shown that dexamethasone treatment enhances hair cell regeneration, yet dexamethasone has also been shown to inhibit regeneration of peripheral nerves after lesion. We therefore used the zebrafish model to determine the impact of dexamethasone treatment on lateral-line hair cells and primary afferents. To explore dexamethasone in the context of regeneration, we used copper sulfate (CuSO4) to induce hair cell loss and retraction of nerve terminals, and then allowed animals to recover in dexamethasone for 48  h. Consistent with previous work, we observed significantly more regenerated hair cells in dexamethasone-treated larvae. Importantly, we found that th... View on Web

Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.