Objective parameters of auditory function in premature infants in the first year of life after taking ototoxic antibiotics

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Objective parameters of auditory function in premature infants in the first year of life after taking ototoxic antibiotics Via Vestnik otorinolaringologii Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2021;86(5):12-16. doi: 10.17116/otorino20218605112. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To compare the condition of auditory function during the first year of life according to the registration of distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and short-latency evoked potentials (SLEP) in premature infants who received ototoxic antibiotics to those ones, who did not. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Auditory function was examined in 145 premature infants. Auditory assessment was carried out by registration of DPOAEs, SLEPs and tympanometry. Statistical processing was performed using the program Statgraphics Centurion XV. RESULTS: In this study, according to DPOAE, the average response values of the cochlea in premature infants who had a history of ototoxic therapy, undergo final changes after children reach the age of 6 months. The study of latent periods and threshold values of the V peak of SLEP showed a delay in the maturat ion process of the perceiving and conducting auditory structures during the first year of life in children who received ototoxic antibiotics in the first month of life. CONCLUSION: We evaluated the timing of the completion of response changes in children of the control group using the DPOAE and SLEP registration data. In children of the study group, we evaluated the effect of the administered ototoxic antibiotics. Timing of audiological control of the hearing organ condition are demonstrated for premature children after ototoxicosis, required methods of its examination are established. PMID:34783467 | DOI:10.17 116/otorino20218605112 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Assessing patient frailty in plastic surgery: A systematic review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Assessing patient frailty in plastic surgery: A systematic review Via Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct 22:S1748-6815(21)00491-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.055. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: With the increase in the aging population, the level of frailty has become an important metric for assessing preoperative patient risk. Although medical and surgical specialties continue to adopt and standardize the use of frailty instruments, few studies within the plastic surgery literature have utilized such instruments to predict poor postoperative outcomes. The purpose of this article is two-fold: (1) to provide a comprehensive review of the existing frailty instruments and (2) to summarise the existing evidence regarding the role of pre-operative frailty assessments on peri‑operative morbidity and mortality in plastic surgery. METHODS: This systematic review was registered a priori on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/vfzw8). A computerized database search of Ovid MEDLINE, EM BASE, and Cochrane was performed from database inception to December 13, 2020. All articles that examined the effect of preoperative patient frailty on perioperative morbidity and mortality outcomes following plastic surgery interventions were included for data extraction. RESULTS: From the 11 studies included in this review, ten unique frailty instruments were identified. The modified Frailty Index (mFI) and the Fried Frailty Index (FFI) were the most commonly reported frailty measurement tools; however, the FRAIL scale was the only outcome measure identified to be valid, reliable, and responsive to change. Regardless of the frailty measure used, nearly all studies reported that worse surgical outcomes were associated with a higher patient frailty score. CONCLUSION: There is a strong association between higher frailty scores and worse postoperative outcomes in plastic surgery. The FRAIL scale is a clinimetrically sound frailty instrument that should be used in all patie nts to assess perioperative risk in plastic surgery. PMID:34785160 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.09.055 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Auditory brainstem response prior to MRI compared to standalone MRI in the detection of vestibular schwannoma: a modelling study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Auditory brainstem response prior to MRI compared to standalone MRI in the detection of vestibular schwannoma: a modelling study Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objectives To determine the cost-effectiveness of auditory brainstem response prior to MRI (ABR-MRI) compared to standalone MRI to diagnose vestibular schwannoma. Design A state transition model was developed to simulate costs and effects (quality-adjusted life years (QALY)) for both diagnostic strategies for patients suspected of a vestibular schwannoma. Model input was derived from literature, hospital databases, and expert opinions. Scenario and sensitivity analyses addressed model uncertainty. Results Over a lifetime horizon, ABR-MRI resulted in a limited cost-saving of €68 or €98 per patient (dependent on MRI sequence) and a health loss of 0.005 QALYs over standalone MRI. ABR-MRI, however, did miss patients with other important pathology (2% of the population) that would have been detected when using standalone MRI. In total, €14,203 or €19,550 could be saved per lost QALY if ABR-MRI was used instead of standalone MRI. The results were sensitive to the detection rate of vestibular schwannoma and health-related quality of life of missed patients. Conclusion The cost-saving with ABR-MRI does not seem to outweigh the number of missed patients with VS and other important pathologies that would have been detected when using standalone MRI. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Oncologic surgical resection with intravascular covered stent placement in patients with carotid artery encased by metastatic cancer—Our experience with 5 patients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Oncologic surgical resection with intravascular covered stent placement in patients with carotid artery encased by metastatic cancer—Our experience with 5 patients Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Importance Tumor encasement of the common carotid artery (CCA) and/or the internal carotid artery (ICA) in patients with advanced head and neck tumors represents a significant surgical challenge. At present, there are few reports on the treatment approach that can achieve the maximal oncological resection and reduce the difficulty of operation without affecting the carotid artery blood flow. Objective To examine whether the combination of oncologic complete tumor resection and intravascular covered stent placement is more advantageous in the management of advanced head and neck cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants Five patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (AHNSCC) invading one side of the carotid artery were retrospectively enrolled. The contrast-enhanced computed Tomography (CT) and angiography were performed to assess the severity of extrinsic tumor compression to the carotid artery. Covered stent was placed intra-arterially at least 1 cm proximal and distal beyond the area of tumor involvement. The tumor and the involved carotid artery were resected, and pectoralis major flap transfer was utilized for coverage of the great vessels supported with intra-arterial covered stent. Main Outcomes and Measures Efficacy of oncologic complete tumor resection combined with endovascular stent placement. Results The post-stenting demonstrated an improvement in the appearance and caliber of the affected carotid artery. Four patients experienced transient bradycardia and hypotension. All five patients underwent R0 resection. Postoperatively, the flap all had rich vascularity and healing. Three patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiation. With median follow-up 6.5 months, one patient died of multiple organ failures at 6.5 months after surgery; one patient developed tracheal stoma recurrence and treated with salvaged surgery; the three other patients had no disease recurrence in their last follow-ups. Conclusions and Relevance Surgical resection with intravascular covered stent placement could potentially achieve the maximal oncological resection without compromise carotid artery blood flow in patients with carotid artery encased head and neck cancer. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Primary Middle Ear Meningioma with Intact Tympanic Membrane: A Case Report and Literature Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Primary Middle Ear Meningioma with Intact Tympanic Membrane: A Case Report and Literature Review Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Nov 17:1455613211058100. doi: 10.1177/01455613211058100. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Primary ectopic meningioma of the middle ear is relatively rare in clinical practice. It is often difficult to distinguish it from chronic otitis media or otitis media with effusion due to its similar and atypical clinical symptoms. We report a case of epithelial tympanic ectopic meningioma with the main complaints of otalgia, aural fullness, and hearing loss. It was accidentally discovered during tympanotomy due to the symptoms of recurring refractory secretory otitis media. This article briefly reviews the relevant literature in recent years, summarizes the characteristics of primary ectopic tympanic meningioma with intact tympanic membrane, and emphasizes the diagnosis and treatment strategy of the middle ear mass. PMID:34784773 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211058100 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Online residency training during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national survey of otolaryngology head and neck surgery program directors

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Online residency training during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national survey of otolaryngology head and neck surgery program directors Via Laryngologie J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021 Nov 16;50(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s40463-021-00546-6. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has deeply impacted healthcare and education systems, including resident education. The impact of the pandemic on the different types of pedagogical activities, and the displacement of pedagogical activities to online modalities have not yet been quantified. We sought to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on formal pedagogic components of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery (ORL-HNS) residency, the switch to distance learning and program director's perceptions of the future of teaching and learning. METHODS: A nationwide online survey was conducted on Canadian ORL-HNS program directors. The use of standard didactic activities in-person and online, before and during the pandemic was rated with Likert scales. Perceptions of the pandemic were described with open-ended questions. RESULTS: A to tal of 11 of the 13 program directors contacted responded. The analysis were conducted using nonparametric statistics. There was a significant drop in overall didactic activities during the pandemic, regardless of the teaching format (3.5 ± 0.2 to 3.1 ± 0.3, p < 0.05). The most affected activities were simulation and in-house lectures. Online activities increased dramatically (0.5 ± 0.2 to 5.0 ± 0.5, p < 0.001), including attendance to lectures made by other programs (0.5 ± 0.3 to 4.0 ± 0.8, p < 0.05). Respondents stated their intention to maintain the hybrid online and in-person teaching model. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that hybrid online and in-person teaching is likely to persist in the post-pandemic setting. A balanced residency curriculum requires diversity in academic activities. The pandemic can have positive consequences if higher education institutions work to better support distance teaching and learning. PMID:34784978 | DOI:10.1186/s40463-021-00546-6 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Outcomes of Gender‐Affirming Voice and Communication Modification for Transgender Individuals

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Outcomes of Gender‐Affirming Voice and Communication Modification for Transgender Individuals Via The Laryngoscope Objectives Transgender individuals' voices are closely related to gender identity. A primary goal of gender-affirming voice modification is to help individuals alter their voices to improve gender congruence; however, there is a paucity of research to support this approach. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of a 12-week gender-affirming voice and communication modification program. Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods A retrospective consecutive case series of transgender women enrolled in a voice and communication modification program was performed. Demographics, Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ), fundamental frequency (F 0), and frequency range were collected before and after the program. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test assessed changes in outcomes. Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficients quantified associations between self-reported outcomes and acoustic measures. Results A total of 16 trans women individuals were enrolled. The mean age was 31.5 years. After program completion, TWVQ improved 20.4 points, F 0 increased 26.5 Hz (spontaneous speech) and 25.7 Hz (reading), and the range increased 24.7 Hz (spontaneous speech) and 0.1 Hz (reading). None of the changes in acoustic measures significantly correlated with improvement in TWVQ scores in the cohort. Conclusion Trans women experience improvements in self-reported outcomes and changes in acoustic measures after completing a gender-affirming voice and communication modification program. Individuals may experience significant improvement in subjective outcomes despite small changes in acoustic measures and vice versa. Level of Evidence Level 4 (case series) Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The risk factors for Graves' ophthalmopathy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The risk factors for Graves' ophthalmopathy Via radioactive iodine Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2021 Nov 17. doi: 10.1007/s00417-021-05456-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This review aimed to provide an overview of current research into the risk factors for Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). METHODS: To find information about the risk factors for GO, the research database PubMed was searched and relevant articles were obtained to extract information about risk factors. RESULTS: Smoking has been widely accepted as an importan t risk factor and cigarette smoking cessation has been shown to improve the outcome and decrease the onset of GO. Radioactive iodine on the thyroid may induce hyperthyroidism and increase the occurrence of GO. Selenium deficiency is a risk factor for GO and the supplementation of selenium has been an adjuvant therapy. Decreasing stressful life events (SLE) may help improve GO. Imbalance in intestinal flora is essential to GO, with Yersinia enterocolitica and Escherichia coli both increased in the digestive tract of the individual with GO. In addition, controlling serum cholesterol may help improve GO since adipogenesis is an important pathological change in its pathogenesis. Considering the correlation between Graves' disease and GO, maintaining normal thyroid function hormone level is the first-line therapeutic strategy to prevent progression of GO. An increase in antibodies such as TSHR and IGF-1R is the main predictor of GO. Besides, gender and gene polymorphism are also risk fac tors towards GO. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for GO arise from five sources: physical and chemical environment, social-psychological environment, biological environment, the human organism, and genetic codes. Risk factors within these categories may interact with each other and their mechanisms in promoting the development of GO are complex. Research into risk factors for GO may promote emerging fields related to GO such as control of autoantibodies and intestinal microbiota. PMID:34787691 | DOI:10.1007/s00417-021-05456-x View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Long-term voice outcomes of laryngeal framework surgery for unilateral vocal fold paralysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Long-term voice outcomes of laryngeal framework surgery for unilateral vocal fold paralysis Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Nov 17. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07177-7. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short- and long-term voice outcomes after unilateral medialization thyroplasty (MT) and unilateral medialization thyroplasty with arytenoid adduction (MT + AA) in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. METHODS: Voice outcomes were assessed preoperatively, and postoperatively at 3 and 12 months according to a standardized protocol. Voice assessment was performed using Voice Handicap Index (VHI), GRBAS Grade, Maximum Phonation Time (MPT), s/z-ratio and subjective numeric rating scales on voice quality, effort, performance and influence on life. RESULTS: Sixty-one patients were included (34 MT and 27 MT + AA). Significant pre- to postoperative improvements were seen in all voice outcome parameters. No significant differences in post-operative values were identified between the groups. < p>CONCLUSION: Based on our findings, we conclude that patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis who undergo MT and MT + AA achieve comparable and significant long time voice improvement, although voices do not completely normalize. We also conclude that this does not mean that AA is a superfluous procedure, but can indicate the accurate identification of patients in need of the additional AA procedure based on clinical parameters. PMID:34787700 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07177-7 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Expression of Genes Associated with Thyroid Hormone Action in Obesity and Insulin Resistance

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Expression of Genes Associated with Thyroid Hormone Action in Obesity and Insulin Resistance Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a potential novel treatment for psoriasis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a potential novel treatment for psoriasis Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Background Psoriasis is characterized by aberrant activation of several pro-inflammatory circuits as well as abnormal hyperproliferation and dysregulated apoptosis of keratinocytes (KCs). Most currently available therapeutic options primarily target psoriasis-associated immunological defects rather than epidermal abnormalities. Objective To investigate the efficacy of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, Vorinostat, in targeting hyperproliferation and impaired apoptosis in psoriatic skin. Methods Vorinostat effect was investigated in primary KCs cell cultures using cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, apoptosis assays (Annexin V-FICH and caspase – 3/7) and antibody arrays, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Vorinostat impact on clinical manifestations of psoriasis was investigated in a chimeric mouse model. Results Vorinostat was found to inhibit KCs proliferation and to induce their differentiation and apoptosis. Using a chimeric mouse model, vorinostat was found to result in marked attenuation of a psoriasiform phenotype with a significant decrease in epidermal thickness and inhibition of epidermal proliferation. Conclusions Our results support the notion that vorinostat, a prototypic HDAC inhibitor, may be of potential use in the treatment of psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin disorders. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.