Gigantol inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by regulating DEK in non-small cell lung cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Gigantol inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by regulating DEK in non-small cell lung cancer Via Experimental and therapeutic medicine Exp Ther Med. 2021 Nov;22(5):1317. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10752. Epub 2021 Sep 17. ABSTRACT Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common type of cancer, with a mortality of >80% worldwide. Gigantol is a bibenzyl compound that displays anticancer activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the biological activity of gigantol in NSCLC and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of its action. The expression of DEK proto-oncogene (DEK) was measured in NSCLC tissues and cell lines by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results suggested that DEK levels were significantly increased in NSCLC tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues and BEAS-2B normal bronchial epithelial cells, respectively. A549 cells were exposed to a series of gigantol concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 100 µM) and transfected with DEK small interfering RNA. The results of cell viability measured by MTT assay in dicated that gigantol significantly decreased cell viability. Additionally, cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 and apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. In comparison with the control group, gigantol treatment inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis, whereas DEK knockdown increased gigantol-induced suppression of proliferation and acceleration of apoptosis. Additionally, DEK overexpression reversed gigantol-induced effects on proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, compared with the control group, gigantol treatment decreased Ki-67 and Bcl-2 expression levels, increased Bax expression levels and inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, as assessed by RT-qPCR and/or western blot. DEK knockdown further increased gigantol-induced effects, but DEK overexpression reversed gigantol-induced effects. To conclude, the results of the present study suggested that gigantol inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by decreasing Ki-67 and Bcl-2 expression, increasing Bax expression and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by regulating DEK. The present study indicated the therapeutic potential of gigantol in patients with NSCLC. In addition, DEK may serve as a novel therapeutic target to enhance the effects of gigantol treatment. PMID:34630671 | PMC:PMC8495587 | DOI:10.3892/etm.2021.10752 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Delayed cerebrospinal fluid leak post-intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case report

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Delayed cerebrospinal fluid leak post-intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a case report Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2021 Oct;35(10):941-943. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2021.10.017. ABSTRACT A 60-year-old man, who diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma staged as T1N1M0 in 2003 and received 68 Gy 30 times intensity modulated radiotherapy for primary tumor, was diagnosed as "cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea（left side）; purulent meningitis; nasopharyngeal carcinoma（post-radiotherapy） " in 2017. The patient received an emergency repair of the cerebrospinal fluid leakage by nasal endoscope approach surgery. No rhinorrhea complained in the following 2 years. But two years later, the patient complained a recurrent rhinorrhea by no incentives. The CT scan found ethmoid-like defect change in bottom of the right sphenoid sinus bone this time and no tumor recurrence was observed in CT scan or MRI exam. Then the patient received a second time right-side endoscopic transphenoid approach cerebrospinal fluid le akage repair operation. The patient recovered well after operation and regular endoscope follow-up showed no evidence of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. This case showed that the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage should be considered by the use of intensity modulated radiotherapy. For the cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea caused by osteonecrosis after radiotherapy, emergency surgical treatment is required since conservative treatment may not be effective. PMID:34628821 | DOI:10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2021.10.017 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Impact of Surgical Correction in Changing Morphometric Dimensions of Craniofacial Deformities and Facial Asymmetry in Congenital Muscular Torticollis: An Otolaryngologists Perspective

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Impact of Surgical Correction in Changing Morphometric Dimensions of Craniofacial Deformities and Facial Asymmetry in Congenital Muscular Torticollis: An Otolaryngologists Perspective Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract To evaluate the synergistic occurrence of facial asymmetry and craniofacial deformities in cases of Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) and to assess the outcome of surgical correction on these deformities. Twenty-three cases of CMT presenting in ENT OPD from January 2015 to December 2019, 9 cases requiring surgical intervention were included. Facial asymmetry and craniofacial deformities were evaluated and quantified by measuring gaze angle, translational deformity and orbito-alar distance. All cases underwent a bipolar tenotomy using harmonic scalpel. In all cases on comparison with preoperative status there was significant improvement (p < 0.05) in surgical outcomes in terms of gaze angle, translational deformity and orbito-alar asymmetry. (1) There is overall excellent outcomes after surgery even when performed for the cases of neglected torticollis. (2) Timely intervention results in near normal improvement of craniofacial deformities. (3) Bipolar tenotomy using harmonic scalpel is safe, effective and complication-free method. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Testing A Hypothesis: Tinnitus Control by Enhancing Physiological Inhibition

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Testing A Hypothesis: Tinnitus Control by Enhancing Physiological Inhibition Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Background Deficit in cognitive functions and central executive function is one of the popular hypotheses on the underlying cause of tinnitus. Some studies expressed the effect of tinnitus on the inhibitory cognitive tasks, referring to the slower inhibitory results such as in the Stroop task in the people suffering from tinnitus as compared to normal subjects. Since Stroop engages the network overlapping the attention and tinnitus distress networks, it seems likely that Stroop exercises can effectively contribute to controlling the tinnitus and its consequent distress through improvement of the cognitive function and increasing the physiological inhibition. Method A total of 25 patients with chronic tinnitus (> 6 months) were randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group of 15 patients and a control group of 10 patients. Both groups were subjected to initial evaluations including pure tone audiometry, psychoacoustic measurements, tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) survey, and visual analogue scale (VAS) of annoyance and loudness. The intervention group underwent a rehabilitation program consisting of 6 Stroop training sessions. The control group didn't receive any training. Afterwards, both groups were reevaluated and the results were compared to those of initial evaluations. Results Results of this study indicated significant differences in THI scores and VAS of annoyance, before and after Stroop training in the intervention group, although no significant difference was observed when it came to VAS of loudness. Conclusion Successive sessions of conflict processing training can improve the annoyance of tinnitus by enhancing the patient's inhibition control, making this task a safe practice for tinnitus treatment. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Outcomes of Totally Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Techniques in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Outcomes of Totally Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Techniques in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Endoscopes have revolutionized the field of otology for the past two decades due to its minimally invasive technique and improved visualization. The advantage of endoscope during surgery for middle ear cholesteatoma both for diagnosing and aiding in removal of residual disease from the hidden areas and the resulting lower recurrence rates have been proven in the past by many authors. But the feasibility of totally endoscopic ear surgery and its surgical and patient related outcomes are yet to be explored in detail. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the surgical and patient related outcomes between totally endoscopic and microscopic technique in cases of acquired middle ear cholesteatoma. This meta-analysis has been conducted as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines. Search engines used to identify the eligible articles were Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Virtual Health Library d atabases. The studies that compared the outcomes of microscopic and endoscopic techniques in case of acquired middle ear cholesteatoma and with more than 10 patients were included. Outcomes like recurrence, residual disease, graft uptake rate, audiological outcome, conversion rate, pain score, surgery duration, complications and quality of life outcomes were compared.The quality of the included studies was assessed by Methodological Index for Non-randomized studies criteria in case of non-randomized studies and by means of Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool in case of randomized controlled studies. A random effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates. The ODDS ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated. The heterogeneity among the studies was represented by the Q statistic and Higgins I2 statistic. The test for overall effect was calculated by Z test and a p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. 11 studies were included in this meta-a nalysis. Out of 11 included studies, 4 were prospectively designed and 7 were retrospective studies. The overall effect showed recurrence rate (Z:2.69, P:0.007) was lower among endoscopic technique. Post-operative pain was less among the endoscopic technique and there was no difference between the groups with respect to surgical duration. Although endoscopic technique showed lower residual rate and post-operative vertigo with better graft success rate among the individual studies, the overall analysis showed that the difference was not statistically significant. Endoscope has been an invaluable tool in the cholesteatoma surgery over the past 20 years due to its excellent optics and minimally invasive technique. Evaluation of the present data available in the literature reveals that both the techniques have similar outcomes except for a definite advantage of endoscopic technique in reducing the recurrence and post-operative discomfort. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Study to Grade the Severity of Tinnitus and its Psychological Impact Using Tinnitus Functional Index (tfi)

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Study to Grade the Severity of Tinnitus and its Psychological Impact Using Tinnitus Functional Index (tfi) Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract Background Chronic tinnitus has a lot impact on the quality of life of person by affecting his/ her physical health, occupational health and social relations. It can lead to sleep interference, cognitive difficulties, lack of concentration, anxiety, frustration, anger and depression. The present study showed the severity and impact of tinnitus on quality of life of subjects with or without hearing loss using tinnitus functional index (TFI). Methods Subjects with history of tinnitus with or without hearing loss including informed consent, otoscopy, pure tone audiometry (PTA) were done. Grading of tinnitus was done by using tinnitus functional index score. Results The mean age of participants were 50.20 ± 4.2 years and male to female ratio were found to be 1.05:1. On PTA, 122 participants had hearing loss and 28 had no hearing loss. 49 patients had mild TFI score, 85 had moderate TFI score and 16 had severe hearing loss. The difference in the severity of tinnitus using TFI between normal hearing and sensorineural hearing loss individual was statistically significant. On the other hand, the severity of tinnitus and degree of hearing loss were also found to be statistically significant with p value < 0.0001 chi. Sq = 77.39. This shows that with increase in increase in hearing loss there is increase in TFI sore. Conclusion Tinnitus has a negative impact on the quality of life like pshycological, emotional and physical effects. The effects of tinnitus is more in those with co-existing hearing loss. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A Scoping Review of Ongoing Fluorescence‐Guided Surgery Clinical Trials in Otolaryngology

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A Scoping Review of Ongoing Fluorescence‐Guided Surgery Clinical Trials in Otolaryngology Via The Laryngoscope Objective Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) is a rapidly developing intraoperative technology, and many contrast agents are currently under investigation. We sought to provide a review of the current state of FGS clinical trials in Otolaryngology, emphasizing its oncologic applications. Methods According to the preferred reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) workflow for scoping reviews, a clinical trial search was performed across multiple international clinical trials registries, searching for permutations of "fluorescence," "tumor," "surgery," and "nerve" to identify all relevant studies. Studies that were active, enrolling, or soon to be enrolling patients undergoing head and neck surgery were included. Results Nineteen studies were eligible for inclusion. Seventeen studies are focused on FGS for oncologic resection and lymph node detection. One study assesses peripheral nerve fluorescence, and one evaluates normal parathyroid function after thyroidectomy. Contrast agents under development are conjugated to fluorophores that excite in the 800 nm (indocyanine green), 410 nm (5-aminolevulinic acid), 700 nm (Cyanine 5.5), and 525 nm ranges (fluorescein derivatives). Conclusion Presently, there are 19 ongoing trials investigating novel FGS contrast agents for their safety, efficacy, and utility in Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery. These agents rely on unique fluorophores and absorption ranges in the near-infrared and visible light spectra. FGS studies are expanding within Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery with profound implications in oncologic surgery, lymph node detection, and anatomic and functional assessment. Laryngoscope, 2021 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Removal of a Giant Parapharyngeal Space Oncocytoma Without Osteotomy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Removal of a Giant Parapharyngeal Space Oncocytoma Without Osteotomy Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Oct 9:1455613211048973. doi: 10.1177/01455613211048973. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Oncocytoma arising from the parotid gland and extending into the parapharyngeal space (PPS) has not been previously reported. A 64-year-old woman presented with a large slowly growing mass extending from the parotid to the submandibular area, expanding medially to displace the pharynx across the midline. Core-needle biopsy revealed an oncocytoma in the PPS measurin g 120 × 88 × 60 mm in size. Although the tumor was of an unprecedentedly large size and extended into multiple spaces, it could be removed via a cervical-parotid approach without osteotomy. The resected tumor was again diagnosed as oncocytoma. A postoperative complication was weakness of the ipsilateral facial nerve, which almost completely resolved in 6 months. No recurrence has been noted on 1 y follow-up. We were able to resect an extremely large oncocytoma arising from the parotid gland without osteotomy. PMID:34632850 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211048973 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Characterization of Source-Filter Interactions in Vocal Vibrato Using a Neck-Surface Vibration Sensor: A Pilot Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Characterization of Source-Filter Interactions in Vocal Vibrato Using a Neck-Surface Vibration Sensor: A Pilot Study Via Journal of Voice Vocal vibrato is a singing technique that involves periodic modulation of fundamental frequency (fo) and intensity. The physiological sources of modulation within the speech mechanism and the interactions between the laryngeal source and vocal tract filter in vibrato are not fully understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine if differences in the rate and extent of fo and intensity modulation could be captured using simultaneously recorded signals from a neck-surface vibration sensor and a microphone, which represent features of the source before and after supraglottal vocal tract filtering. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Physiological Effects of Voice Therapy for Aged Vocal Fold Atrophy Revealed by EMG Study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Physiological Effects of Voice Therapy for Aged Vocal Fold Atrophy Revealed by EMG Study Via Journal of Voice Age-related voice changes are characterized as breathy, weak and strained, and a deterioration in vocal function in the elderly has been putatively linked to a reduced intensity of speech. They contribute to undesirable voice changes known as presbyphonia. These changes are caused by histological alterations in the lamina propria of the vocal fold mucosa and atrophy of the thyroarytenoid muscle, as well as by decreased respiratory support. There are several clinical studies on presbylarynx dysphonia showing the effectiveness of voice therapy. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Audiometric Assessment of the Effectiveness of Surgical Treatment of Otosclerosis Depending on the Preoperative Incidence of Carhart's Notch

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Audiometric Assessment of the Effectiveness of Surgical Treatment of Otosclerosis Depending on the Preoperative Incidence of Carhart's Notch Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Oct 11:1455613211043685. doi: 10.1177/01455613211043685. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Objective: The presence of Carhart's notch at 2000 Hz in otosclerosis links the changed bone conduction for this frequency with the otosclerotic process occurring in the oval window. The aim of this study is to perform an audiometric assessment of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of otosclerosis depending on the incidence of Carhart's notch. Metho ds: The analysis included 116 patients treated surgically for the first time due to otosclerosis. Patients were divided into 4 groups depending on the occurrence of Carhart's notch, determined by pure-tone audiometry (PTA) before the surgery and 36 months afterward. The mean value of bone conduction thresholds was calculated for 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 3000 Hz in the groups in which the Cahart's notch was observed. This value of bone conduction (BC) was a reference point for further analysis in patients who had no preoperative or postoperative Carhart's notch. Results: The analysis indicated that Cahart's notch in preoperative PTA is a statistically significant improvement factor for average BC. It was found that over a longer observation period, the presence of Carhart's notch has adverse effects on the size of the postoperative air-bone gap, and consequently on hearing improvement after surgical treatment. A comparison between patients from the two groups without preoperative Carhart's notch found that no beneficial effects of the surgery on speech comprehension were observed regarding high-level sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Conclusions: (1) In a long-term observation post-stapedotomy, average BC values were found to improve. Nevertheless, the improvement is less evident in patients with preoperative Carhart's notch. (2) Disappearance of Cahart's notch after surgical treatment of otosclerosis is a good prognosis of improvement in speech audiometry. (3) Deep SNHL in the absence of Carhart's notch in PTA constitutes a bad prognostic factor for improvement in speech audiometry in patients qualified for surgical treatment of otosclerosis. PMID:34633243 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211043685 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.