Orocutaneous Fistula After Oral Cavity Resection and Reconstruction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Orocutaneous Fistula After Oral Cavity Resection and Reconstruction: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Via otol rhinol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Sep 23:34894211047463. doi: 10.1177/00034894211047463. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Orocutaneous fistula (OCF) after reconstruction for oral cavity resection can lead to prolonged hospitalization and adjuvant treatment delay. Few studies have examined factors leading to OCF after oral cavity resection. Primary objective: evaluate overall incidence and factors associated with OCF after oral cavity reconstruction. DATA SOURCES : Scopus 1960-database was searched for terms: "orocutaneous fistula," "oro cutaneous fistula," "oral cutaneous fistula," "orocervical fistula," "oral cavity salivary fistula." REVIEW METHODS: English language studies with >5 patients undergoing reconstruction after oral cavity cancer resection were included. About 1057 records initially screened; 214 full texts assessed; 78 full-texts included. PRISMA guidelines were followed, and MINORS criteria used to assess risk of bias. Data were pooled using random-effects model. Primary outcome was OCF incidence. Meta-analysis to determine the effect of preoperative radiation on OCF conducted on 12 eligible studies. Pre-collection hypothesis was that prior radiation therapy is associated with increased OCF incidence. Post-collection analyses: free versus pedicled flaps; mandible-sparing versus segmental mandibulectomy. RESULTS: Seventy-eight studies were included in meta-analysis of overall OCF incidence. Pooled effect size sh owed overall incidence of OCF to be 7.71% (95% CI, 6.28%-9.13%) among 5400 patients. Meta-analysis of preoperative radiation therapy on OCF showed a pooled odds ratio of 1.68 (95% CI, 0.93-3.06). OCF incidence was similar between patients undergoing free versus pedicled reconstruction, or segmental mandibulectomy versus mandible-sparing resection. CONCLUSION: Orocutaneous fistula after oral cavity resection has significant incidence and clinical impact. Risk of OCF persists despite advances in reconstructive options; there is a trend toward higher risk after prior radiation. PMID:34553635 | DOI:10.1177/000348942 11047463 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Anterior Glottic Web Secondary to Bioenzyme Toxicity

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Anterior Glottic Web Secondary to Bioenzyme Toxicity Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Sep 23:1455613211044774. doi: 10.1177/01455613211044774. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34553632 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211044774 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A contemporary narrative review to guide molecular epidemiology of oral submucous fibrosis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A contemporary narrative review to guide molecular epidemiology of oral submucous fibrosis Via International Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Genetics Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet. 2021 Aug 15;12(4):61-70. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Oral submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic disease that mainly affects the upper part of the aerodigestive tract. Areca nut and betel quid chewing has been established as the most significant causative factor for this condition. While OSMF is a predominantly Asian disease, the migrant populations from the region have taken the disease across the globe. Additionally, areca nut is now easily accessible in flavors and aggressively marketed. Many research activities have been undertaken for decades to understand the etiopathogenesis and risk factors of OSMF. Although OSMF is a slowly progressing disease, it has the potential to transform to an oral malignancy. This article is an attempt to review the literature and provide an update on its prevalence, etiopthogenesis and its diagnosis. We also highlight certain clinical, histopathological and molecular features that aid in the diagnosis and prognostication of OSMF, highlighting the importance of identifying the possibly high risk OSMF that is prone to malignant transformation. Using this information, future directions can be developed to include treatmentof OSMF through a dynamic gene-specific approach. PMID:34552689 | PMC:PMC8449189 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Expression and Regulation of Na+-K+-ATPase in Nasal Epithelial Cells of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Expression and Regulation of Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase in Nasal Epithelial Cells of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps Via O.R.L. Journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its borderlands Objective: Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA) is essential in maintaining cell permeability, reserving potential energy, and preventing cellular edema. Nevertheless, how NKA expression is altered and regulated in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) remain uncertain. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the expression and regulation of NKA in CRSwNP. Methods: NKA immunolabeling was assessed by the immunohistochemistry method, NKA prote in levels were detected with the Western blotting method, and mRNA levels of NKA and aquaporin-5 (AQP5) were assayed by real-time PCR in nasal tissues from CRSwNP and control subjects. The co-localization of NKA with inflammatory cells was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) were cultured and stimulated using various stimulators to evaluate the regulation of NKA. Results: We found significantly decreased NKA positive cells, NKA protein levels, and mRNA levels of NKA and AQP5 in nasal tissues from CRSwNP patients compared to control subjects, especially in eosinophilic CRSwNP. Furthermore, NKA mRNA levels in HNECs were downregulated by staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), inflammatory cytokine (IFN)-γ, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-1β. Conclusion: NKA and AQP5 expressions were decreased in CRSwNP. NKA in HNECs could be suppressed by SEB, LPS, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-1β. Impairm ent of NKA may contribute to the genesis and development of CRSwNP via inducing AQP5 downregulation and edema. ORL View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Assessment of Proton Resonance Frequency Shift Magnetic Resonance Thermography Imaging Quality for Head and Neck Tumors

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Assessment of Proton Resonance Frequency Shift Magnetic Resonance Thermography Imaging Quality for Head and Neck Tumors Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Sep 22:1455613211043673. doi: 10.1177/01455613211043673. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:34547952 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211043673 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Menopause and its Effect on Voice

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Menopause and its Effect on Voice Via Otolaryngology Indian Abstract This study was designed to study the impact of menopause on voice quality. Cross-sectional Observational study with a total of 100 subjects. All subjects underwent biochemical analysis which included thyroid function tests, estrogen levels, progesterone levels and underwent voice analysis using the VAUGHMI voice analyser software. 50 postmenopausal females as cases and 50 premenopausal females as controls were taken for the study. The females were of the age group 35–55 yrs in order to remove age as confounding factor. The primary outcome measure was Total score, calculated based on harshness, hoarseness and breathiness. The postmenopausal females had a poorer voice quality than the premenopausal females (Total score 1.62 vs 2.48, p < 0.001). There was a significant difference between the fundamental frequency and pitch and perturbation in frequency of the postmenopausal females as compared to premenopausal females. The difference in the pertu rbation in the intensity of the voice was not significant. No linear correlation could be established between the voice quality and oestrogen or progesterone levels but the intergroup variation of the two parameters was significant. The premenopausal females have better voice quality than postmenopausal females. The relationship between hormonal level and voice quality couldn't be established. Further studies are required to assess the relation of hormone levels & voice quality with the possibility of exploring voice cosmesis. Level of Evidence Level 3. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Contralateral Pectoralis Flap for Repair of Spinal Hardware-Associated Fistula

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Contralateral Pectoralis Flap for Repair of Spinal Hardware-Associated Fistula Via ear nose throat Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Sep;100(6_suppl):884S-887S. doi: 10.1177/01455613211039043. ABSTRACT We report a case of a recurrent hypopharyngeal fistula following spinal hardware placement that required multiple procedures. The course was complicated by a medication error and ultimately the fistula resolved after contralateral pectoralis muscle flap. PMID:34550017 | DOI:10.1177/01455613211039043 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Does the wearing of masks change voice and speech parameters?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Does the wearing of masks change voice and speech parameters? Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 22. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07086-9. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: The authors aim to review available reports on the potential effects of masks on voice and speech parameters. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases through July 2021. Several targeted populations, mask scenarios and methodologies were approached. The assessed voice parameters were divided into self-reported, acoustic and aerodynamic. RESULTS: It was observed that the wearing of a face mask has been shown to induce several changes in voice parameters: (1) self-reported-significantly increased vocal effort and fatigue, increased vocal tract discomfort and increased values of voice handicap index (VHI) were observed; (2) acoustics-increased voice intensity, altered formants frequency (F2 and F3) with no changes in fundamental frequency, increased harmonics-to-noise ra tio (HNR) and increased mean spectral values in high-frequency levels (1000-8000 Hz), especially with KN95 mask; (3) aerodynamics-maximum phonatory time was assessed in only two reports, and showed no alterations. CONCLUSION: Despite the different populations, mask-type scenarios and methodologies described by each study, the results of this review outline the significant changes in voice characteristics with the use of face masks. Wearing a mask shows to increase the perception of vocal effort and an alteration of the vocal tract length and speech articulatory movements, leading to spectral sound changes, impaired communication and perception. Studies analyzing the effect of masks on voice aerodynamics are lacking. Further research is required to study the long-term effects of face masks on the potential development of voice pathology. PMID:34550454 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07086-9 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Intensity patterns at the peaks of brain activity in fMRI and PET are highly correlated with neural models of spatial integration

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Intensity patterns at the peaks of brain activity in fMRI and PET are highly correlated with neural models of spatial integration Via Laryngologie Eur J Neurosci. 2021 Sep 22. doi: 10.1111/ejn.15469. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Spatial integration during the brain's cognitive activity prompts changes in energy used by different neuroglial populations. Nevertheless, the organization of such integration in 3D -brain activity remains undescribed from a quantitative standpoint. In response, we applied a cross-correlation between brain activity and integrative models, which yielded a deeper understanding of information integration in functional brain mapping. We analyzed four datasets obtained via fundamentally different neuroimaging techniques (fMRI and PET) and found that models of spatial integration with an increasing input to each step of integration were significantly more correlated with brain activity than models with a constant input to each step of integration. In addition, marking the voxels with the maximal correlation, we found exceptionally high inter-subject consistency wi th the initial brain activity at the peaks. Our method demonstrated for the first time that the network of peaks of brain activity is organized strictly according to the models of spatial integration independent of neuroimaging techniques. The highest correlation with models integrating an increasing at each step input suggests that brain activity reflects a network of integrative processes where the results of integration in some neuroglial populations serve as an input to other neuroglial populations. PMID:34550613 | DOI:10.1111/ejn.15469 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

DICER activates autophagy and promotes cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by binding with let-7i-5p

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader DICER activates autophagy and promotes cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by binding with let-7i-5p Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Sep 17;123(7):151788. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151788. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Drug resistance is the main obstacle in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to explore the mechanism of DICER in NSCLC resistance and its downstream signaling pathways. METHODS: The A549 cisplatin (DDP)-resistant strain A549/DDP was established. A549/DDP cells were transfected with DICER- and let-7i-5p-related vector s, and treated with autophagy activator rapamycin. The cell viability and apoptosis were tested by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The formation of autophagosomes was observed with a transmission electron microscopy. RT-qPCR and Western blot assay were conducted to detect expression levels of DICER, let-7i-5p, autophagy-related proteins, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay was implemented to confirm the targeted binding of DICER and let-7i-5p. RESULTS: DICER was highly expressed in DDP-resistant NSCLC tissues and cells, and DICER could target and negatively regulate the expression of let-7i-5p. DDP treatment could inhibit the viability and promote cell apoptosis of A549/DDP cells. Downregulation of DICER in A549/DDP cells exhibited a decrease of cell viability, a decreased ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I and autophagosomes, together with an elevation of cell apoptosis rate and the phosphorylation levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Treatment of rapamycin and let-7i-5p inhibitor reversed the effects of downregulated DICER in cell viability, ratio of LC3-II/LC3-I, autophagosomes, cell apoptosis rate and the phosphorylation levels of PI3K/AKT/mTOR in A549/DDP cells. CONCLUSION: Our research suggests that DICER promotes autophagy and DDP resistance in NSCLC through downregulating let-7i-5p, and inhibits the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. PMID:34543777 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151788 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of Olfactory Cleft Width and Volumes in Patients with COVID-19 Anosmia and COVID-19 Cases Without Anosmia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of Olfactory Cleft Width and Volumes in Patients with COVID-19 Anosmia and COVID-19 Cases Without Anosmia Via O.R.L. Journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its borderlands Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between olfactory cleft width/volume and COVID-19-related anosmia. Methods: This study consisted of PCR-proven COVID-19 patients. Cases with COVID-19-related anosmia constituted Group 1 and cases without any olfactory dysfunction (OD) throughout COVID-19 infection or after recovery constituted Group 2. A total of 50 patients were included in the study, comprising 24 cases in Group 1 and 26 cases in Group 2. Group 1 patients underwent a 4-item-odor identification test during active symptoms and a Sniffin' Sticks test after reconversion of PCR results to negative. All patients in Group 2 also underwent the Sniffin' Stick test to document normosmia. All cases had paranasal sinus CT performed. Olfactory cleft widths and olfactory volumes were measured. The differences in width and volume between groups and the correlation with odor test scores (threshold-discrimination-identification [TDI]) were calculated. In addition, regression analyzes analysis was performed for cleft widths, volumes, and TDI scores according to age. Results: Olfactory cleft widths and olfactory volumes were significantly higher in Group 1 than those in Group 2 (p = 0.001; p #x3c; 0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between total TDI scores and olfactory cleft widths and total olfactory volumes (r = −0.665; r = −0.731, respectively). Patients younger than 40 years of age had significantly higher right olfactory cl eft width, left olfactory cleft width, and olfactory cleft volume than those in patients older than 40 years of age (p = 0.004, p = 0.005, p = 0.003; p #x3c; 0,01, respectively). However, patients younger than 40 years of age had a significantly lower total TDI score and in all other values individually (t-d-i) than those in patients older than 40 years of age (p = 0.004; p #x3c; 0.01). Conclusion: Patients with COVID-19-related OD had larger olfactory cleft width and volumes than those without OD in this study. Total TDI score was found to be inversely correlated with cleft width and volume. ORL View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.