Analysis of aerosol production and aerosol dispersion during otologic surgery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Analysis of aerosol production and aerosol dispersion during otologic surgery Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 3. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07059-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: As a respiratory disease, the transmission of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is mainly caused by small droplets and aerosols. Healthcare personnel are particularly exposed during otologic surgery given the continuity with the nasopharynx, where the viral load is high, and the use of high-speed instruments. The purpose of the present study is to test a model of droplet dispersion produced in the performance of a drilling procedure on human bone to provide information about its distribution and size of the deposit in similar conditions to those of an operating theatre, to design different preventive measures. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A mastoidectomy and trans-labyrinthine approach were performed on an embalmed human corpse using for irrigation during drilling methylene blue dye in physiological saline solution (pss) at a concentration of 0.324 mg/mL. The distribution of the drops was stablished using semi-absorbent papers of size 52 cm × 42 cm covering the area around the dissection field to a radius of 150 cm and on the corpse at different heights to check vertical dispersion. The collected deposit material was analysed with the microscope at different magnification objectives. RESULTS: Droplets between 2 μm and 2.6 cm were obtained. The visualization of the coloured droplets in the horizontal plane at a magnification of 1.5 was detected at 150 cm from the focus of emission of milling particles. DISCUSSION: According to our study, bone drilling with high speed motors under continuous saline irrigation in a haemorrhagic surgical field increases the amount of aerosols exposing healthcare personnel to additional airbone particles. This risk does not end in the operating rooms as particles smaller than 2 μm can be suspended in the air for hours and could exit the operating theatre due to the use of positive pressure systems. Thus, the use of N95, FFP2, FFP3 or PAPRS should be considered and the development of hood systems to prevent the dispersion of aerosols during these procedures should be considered. PMID:34480224 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07059-y View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Hyperspectral imaging and artificial intelligence to detect oral malignancy – part 1 - automated tissue classification of oral muscle, fat and mucosa using a light-weight 6-layer deep neural network

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Hyperspectral imaging and artificial intelligence to detect oral malignancy – part 1 - automated tissue classification of oral muscle, fat and mucosa using a light-weight 6-layer deep neural network Via Head & Face Medicine Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a promising non-contact approach to tissue diagnostics, generating large amounts of raw data for whose processing computer vision (i.e. deep learning) is particularly suitable. A... View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for ascending or descending types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A retrospective study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for ascending or descending types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A retrospective study Via American Journal of Otolaryngology Publication date: Available online 3 September 2021 Source: American Journal of Otolaryngology Author(s): Qin Lin, Linbin Lu, Xuewen Wang, Yihong Lin, Yaying Chen, Hong Chen, Shuyi Chen, Shaoqin Lin, Yan Zhang, Peichan Zheng, Xiong Chen View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the anatomy of the maxillary artery using the Anatomical Quality Assurance (AQUA) checklist

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Systematic review and meta-analysis of the anatomy of the maxillary artery using the Anatomical Quality Assurance (AQUA) checklist Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Sep 4. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02825-3. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The maxillary artery (MA) is one of the terminal branches of the external carotid artery (ECA) and through its branches, it is responsible for vascularizing several organs and muscles of the head and neck, including their surrounding soft tissues, the oral and sinonasal cavities, dura mater, and various cranial nerves. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic r eview and meta-analysis of maxillary artery anatomy according to the Anatomical Quality Assurance (AQUA) checklist. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search through PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, SciELO, Springerlink, WILEY and BIREME databases. We applied the Anatomical Quality Assurance (AQUA) checklist for analysis the methodological quality of the articles. RESULTS: From a total of 11,759 articles found in the first search, and after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria, in addition to eliminating duplicate articles, a final number of 24 articles were identified. The information on the maxillary artery was analyzed from each study regarding its course in relation to the lateral pterygoid muscle, the intra- and extraluminal diameters of the maxillary artery and its branches, and the types of branching of the maxillary artery in the pterygopalatine fossa. CONCLUSION: From this study, it was possible to conclude the importance of anat omical knowledge of the maxillary artery, for its application in the clinical study of the head and neck, as well as the need to apply the AQUA checklist in the development of systematic anatomical reviews to ensure accurate reliability and a better assessment of the effect of anatomical publications. PMID:34480213 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02825-3 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A retrospective study of 44 patients with head and neck Castleman's disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A retrospective study of 44 patients with head and neck Castleman's disease Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 4. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07065-0. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To explore the clinical and pathological features, therapy and prognosis of Castleman's disease (CD) in the head and neck. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of 44 patients with head and neck CD who were diagnosed in the Fujian Medical University Union hospital (Fujian, China) between May 2008 and June 2021. According to the clinical classification, they were divided into two groups, the unicentric CD (UCD, n = 20) and the multicentric CD (MCD, n = 24). Their clinical features, imaging findings, laboratory examination, and treatment results were, respectively, analyzed. RESULTS: The age of UCD patients was younger than that of MCD patients. Most of the UCD patients (80%) were female, with asymptomatic single lymphadenectasis, and the prognosis was favorable; while 70.8% of the MCD patients were male, with multiple lymph nodes throughout the body, and more prone to hepatosplenomegaly, pneumonia, serous effusion, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, elevated globulin, coagulation disorders, etc., the prognosis was bleak. Two cases of MCD patients were with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CONCLUSIONS: UCD usually manifests as asymptomatic single lymph node enlargement, complete surgical resection was the mainstay of treatment modality. MCD has relatively complicated clinical symptoms and poor prognosis, and anti-IL-6 therapy may be effective. PMID:34480599 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07065-0< /p> View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A retrospective study on long-term efficacy of intranasal lysine-aspirin in controlling NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A retrospective study on long-term efficacy of intranasal lysine-aspirin in controlling NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Sep 4. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07063-2. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Aspirin treatment after desensitization (ATAD) represents an effective therapeutic option suitable for NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) patients with recalcitrant disease. Intranasal administration of lysine-aspirin (LAS) has been suggested as a safer and faster route than oral ATAD but evidence for its use is less strong. We investigated nasal LAS therapy long-term efficacy based on objective outcomes, smell function, polyp recurrence and need for surgery or rescue therapy. Clinical biomarkers predicting response to intranasal LAS, long-term side effects and consequences of discontinuing treatment have been evaluated. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of a database of 60 N-ERD patients seen between 2012 and 2020 was performed in March 2021. They were followed up at 3-months, 1-, 2- and 3-years with upper and lower airway functions assessed at each follow-up. RESULTS: Higher nasal airflow and smell scores were found at each follow-up in patients taking LAS (p < 0.001 and p = 0.048 respectively). No influence of LAS on pulmonary function measurements was observed. Patient on intranasal LAS showed a lower rate of revision sinus surgery when compared to those who discontinued the treatment (p < 0.001). None of the variables studied was found to influence LAS treatment response. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates the clinical effectiveness of long-term intranasal LAS in the management of N-ERD in terms of improved nasal airflow and olfaction and a reduced need for revision sinus surgery. Intranasal LAS is safe, being associated with a lower rate of side effects when compared to oral ATAD. However, discontinuation of the treatment at any stage is associated with a loss of clinical benefit. PMID:34480600 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07063-2 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Type 4 persistent primitive olfactory artery associated with contralateral accessory middle cerebral artery arising from the fenestrated segment of the distal anterior cerebral artery

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Type 4 persistent primitive olfactory artery associated with contralateral accessory middle cerebral artery arising from the fenestrated segment of the distal anterior cerebral artery Via radiol anat Surg Radiol Anat. 2021 Sep 4. doi: 10.1007/s00276-021-02831-5. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Persistent primitive olfactory artery (PPOA) is a rare variation of the proximal anterior cerebral artery (ACA) that generally follows an extreme anteroinferior course and takes a hairpin turn before continuing to the A2 segment of the ACA (type 1). There are four other types of extremely rare variations. The type 4 variation continues to the accessory middle cerebral artery (MCA) instead of the ACA. Only a few cases have been reported. We herein report a case of type 4 PPOA in which the contralateral side of the accessory MCA arose from the fenestrated segment of the distal ACA. No similar cases were found in the relevant English-language literature. For the identification of these variations on MR angiography, volume-rendering images were superior to maximum-intensity-projection images. PMID:34480592 | DOI:10.1007/s00276-021-02831-5 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Intraoral radiation stents—Primer for clinical use in head and neck cancer therapy

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Intraoral radiation stents—Primer for clinical use in head and neck cancer therapy Via Head & Neck Abstract Intraoral radiation stents (IRS) are prosthetic devices that assist in the effective delivery of radiation to tumor tissues and aim to avoid unnecessary radiation to adjacent healthy tissues, thus limiting postradiotherapy toxicities. They are used to protect or displace vital structures, assist in positioning of the treatment beam for effective administration of radiotherapy, carry a radioactive material, shield healthy tissues of the oral cavity, and/or maintain the desired mouth opening during radiotherapy. With close collaboration between radiation oncologist and oral health care provider, several IRS can be fabricated by the latter for appropriate targeting and delivery of planned radiation dose and optimized treatment results. Modification of these IRS based on individual patient need is recommended to maximize prosthesis utility. The purpose of this review is to discuss the various types of IRS and highlight their clinical utility and benefits in patients receiving radiat ion therapy in the head and neck cancers. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

MiR-337-3p suppresses migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by downregulating ESRP1

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader MiR-337-3p suppresses migration and invasion of breast cancer cells by downregulating ESRP1 Via histochem Acta Histochem. 2021 Sep 1;123(7):151777. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151777. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor in women, and a considerable number of studies show that aberrant expression of miRNA is correlated with BC development. By analyzing TCGA-BRCA database through bioinformatics method, this study disclosed that miR-337-3p was significantly low in BC tissue and might be a cancer inhibitor in BC. To explore the effect and po tential mechanism of miR-337-3p in BC, qRT-PCR was used in this study to indicate that the expression of miR-337-3p was downregulated in BC cells. Then, the effects of miR-337-3p on BC cells were detected by western blot, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), wound healing and Transwell assays. After upregulating miR-337-3p expression, the cell viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of BC cells were markedly inhibited while cell apoptosis remarkably increased. Besides, it was predicted and identified by bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase assay that ESRP1 was a target gene of miR-337-3p. Finally, the progression and EMT of BC cells were promoted after upregulating ESRP1 expression level. However, upregulating miR-337-3p as well as ESRP1 reduced the promotion on the malignant phenotype of BC cells. This result revealed that miR-337-3p could inhibit ESRP1 expression to perform its biological functions. In conclusion, it was illustrated in this study that miR-337-3p is a tumor-inhibitor of BC and plays its regulatory role via its downstream gene ESRP1. PMID:34481218 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151777 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) prevents aminoglycosides-induced ototoxicity via anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic pathways

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) prevents aminoglycosides-induced ototoxicity via anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic pathways Via International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Publication date: Available online 4 September 2021 Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Author(s): Yulong Zong, Fang Chen, Shanshan Li, Hui Zhang View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Identification of specific clinical risk factors associated with the malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplasia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Identification of specific clinical risk factors associated with the malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplasia Via Head & Neck Abstract Background Factors that increase the risk of malignant transformation of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) are not completely elucidated. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed assessing risk factors for transformation of OED, and cancer staging for transformed cases at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre. Results Two-hundred four patients were diagnosed with OED, and 16.7% (34) underwent malignant transformation. Risk factors associated with transformation included: heavy tobacco smoking, excessive EtOH consumption, non-homogenous leukoplakia, size >200 mm2, moderate dysplasia or greater than moderate, progression of dysplasia grades, and immunosuppression. Transformed cases followed for a dysplastic lesion were associated with a stage-I cancer diagnosis, and cancer cases with no prior biopsy were associated with a stage-IV diagnosis. Conclusions In addition to commonly cited risk factors, immunosuppression was associated with malignant transformation, including the use of topical steroids. Analyzing risk factors can help clinicians define risk of progression in patients with OED. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.