Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Πέμπτη 26 Αυγούστου 2021

Association between obstructive sleep apnea and thyroid cancer incidence: a national health insurance data study

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Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Aug 25. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07050-7. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:34435245 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07050-7

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Metastatic Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting as Thoracic Cord Compression

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J Med Cases. 2021 May;12(5):177-180. doi: 10.14740/jmc3658. Epub 2021 Mar 5.

ABSTRACT

Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is an uncommon cancer and the incidence of FTC is higher in endemic areas of iodine deficiency or endemic goiter. Up until the 1990s Fiji was listed as an iodine deficient country. We report a rare case of a 53-year-old native Fijian man who presented to our hospital with spinal cord compression due to a metastatic deposit of an undiagnosed FTC. He underwent emer gent neurosurgical treatment for his cord compression, with histology of the lesion at the level of T5 identifying metastatic FTC. Despite the emergent surgery, he did not have any neurological recovery. Total thyroidectomy confirmed the presence of a large left-sided FTC and the patient was assessed for radioactive iodine treatment. Nuclear medicine imaging revealed extensive distant bony metastatic disease. Unfortunately due to his significant distant disease burden, he was unable to undergo radioactive iodine ablation therapy. After significant allied health input he was discharged home with community palliative care input.

PMID:34434453 | PMC:PMC8383535 | DOI:10.14740/jmc3658

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Acute Vision Loss From IgG4-Related and Bacterial Rhinosinusitis After COVID-19

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This case report describes a man in his 70s who presented to the emergency department with a headache for 2 weeks and vision loss in the right eye for 2 days and was subsequently diagnosed with IgG4-related and Streptococcus constellatus rhinosinusitis.
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Continuous Local Anesthetic Wound Infusions as Postoperative Standard of Care in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer

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To the Editor We thank Gostian et al for their study demonstrating a reduction in postoperative pain when continuous wound infusion (CWI) was used after head and neck oncological resections. The authors call for CWI to be assimilated into the multimodal postoperative analgesic concept in patients. However, prior to widespread implementation, we find it prudent to draw attention to a few caveats to the study's conclusions.
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Olfactory Bulb Volume—A Novel Preclinical Biomarker for Smell Loss and Neurodegenerative Disease

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Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer dementia and Parkinson disease, are disabling diseases that present a burden on society that rivals the costs of cancer and heart disease. Although current therapies are often unsuccessful at reversing the progression of these diseases, early detection in patients who are at risk of neurodegenerative disease could allow for timely interventions to delay and minimize the loss of brain function over time.
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Evaluation of the Neuroanatomical Basis of Olfactory Dysfunction

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This cross-sectional study evaluates the role of the components of the olfactory pathway structures in impaired olfactory function.
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Maternal Thyroid Hormone Programs Cardiovascular Functions in the Offspring

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Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
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Predictive Value of Serum Thyroglobulin for Structural Recurrence Following Lobectomy for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

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Thyroid, Ahead of Print.
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Thyroglossal Duct Cyst Located in the Thyroid Gland Misdiagnosed With Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Aug 26:1455613211040583. doi: 10.1177/01455613211040583. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

The clinicopathologic features of thyroglossal duct cyst when it develops ectopically in the thyroid gland remain unclear because of its rarity, which makes diagnosis difficult. Clinical diagnosis and treatment should not disregard the possibility of thyroglossal cysts located in the thyroid gland. We here report the current case to prepare others and provide data for the diagnosis and treatment of this kind of disease.

PMID:34433310 | DOI:10.1177/014556132110 40583

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High-grade salivary gland cancer: is surgery followed by radiotherapy an adequate treatment to reach tumor control? Results from a tertiary referral centre focussing on incidence and management of distant metastases

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Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Aug 26. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-07024-9. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Salivary Gland cancer (SGC) is a rare and heterogenous group of tumors. Standard therapeutic options achieve high local but poor distant control rates, especially in high-grade SGC. The aim of this monocentric study was to evaluate patterns of recurrence and its treatment options (local ablative vs. systemic) in a homogenously treated patient population with high-grade SGC after surgery and radio(chemo)therapy.

METHODS: Monocentric, retrospective study of patients with newly diagnosed high-grade salivary gland cancer. We retrospectively reviewed clinical reports from 69 patients with high-grade salivary gland cancer in a single-center audit. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and prognostic variables were analyzed (univariate analysis: log-rank test; multivariate analysis: Cox regression anal ysis).

RESULTS: The median time of follow-up was 31 months. After 5 years, the cumulative overall survival was 65.2%, cumulative incidence of local recurrence was 7.2%, whereas the cumulative incidence of distant metastases was 43.5% after 5 years. 30 of 69 patients developed distant metastases during the time of follow-up, especially patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma, salivary duct carcinoma, adenocarcinoma NOS and acinic cell carcinoma with high-grade transformation. The most common type of therapy therefore was chemotherapy (50%). 85.7% of patients with local ablative therapy of distant metastases show disease progression during follow-up afterwards.

CONCLUSION: With surgery and radio-chemotherapy, a high rate of loco-regional control is reached, but over 40% of patients develop distant metastases in the further follow-up which usually present a diffuse pattern involving in a diffuse metastases. Therefore, in the future, intensified interdisciplinary combination therapies even in the first-line treatment in certain subtypes of high-grade SGC should be investigated.

PMID:34436631 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-07024-9

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Τετάρτη 25 Αυγούστου 2021

Inhibitory gating of coincidence-dependent sensory binding in secondary auditory cortex

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Nat Commun. 2021 Jul 29;12(1):4610. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-24758-6.

ABSTRACT

Integration of multi-frequency sounds into a unified perceptual object is critical for recognizing syllables in speech. This "feature binding" relies on the precise synchrony of each component's onset timing, but little is known regarding its neural correlates. We find that multi-frequency sounds prevalent in vocalizations, specifically harmonics, preferentially activate the mouse secondary auditory cortex (A2), whose response deteriorates with shifts in component onset timings. The temporal window for harmonics integration in A2 was broadened by inactivation of somatostatin-expressing interneurons (SOM cells), but not parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV cells). Importantly, A2 has functionally connected subnetworks of neurons preferentially encoding harmonic over inharmonic sounds. These subnetworks are stable across days and exist prior to experimental harmoni cs exposure, suggesting their formation during development. Furthermore, A2 inactivation impairs performance in a discrimination task for coincident harmonics. Together, we propose A2 as a locus for multi-frequency integration, which may form the circuit basis for vocal processing.

PMID:34326331 | PMC:PMC8322099 | DOI:10.1038/s41467-021-24758-6

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Potential long-term developmental toxicity of in utero and lactational exposure to Triclocarban (TCC) in hampering ovarian folliculogenesis in rat offspring

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Acta Histochem. 2021 Aug 21;123(6):151772. doi: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151772. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Triclocarban (TCC), an antimicrobial compound commonly added to a wide range of household and personal hygiene care products, is one of the most prevalent endocrine-disrupting substances (EDS). This study was conducted to elucidate whether in utero and lactational exposure to TCC could adversely affect folliculogenesis and the onset of puberty in female rat offspring . Twenty pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into Control and TCC dam groups (supplemented daily with drinking water enriched with 0.5 mg/L of TCC) from gestational day5 to postnatal day21 (PND21). Female offspring, 20 from control and 20 from TCC dams, were subdivided into 4 subgroups (PND21, PND28, PND35 & PND42). The day of vaginal opening and first estrous cycle were determined. Ovarian sections of the offspring were processed for H&E staining and for immunohistochemical expression of Ki67, Caspase-3 and androgen receptors (AR) on the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. Follicular count and atretic index were assessed besides, serum estradiol, progesterone, FSH and LH, C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. TCC offspring exhibited a significant delay in the onset of puberty and impedance of normal transition of the primordial follicles to more developed ones with altered cyctoarchitecture. Also, TCC decreased follicular count, proliferation and gonado-somatic index while it increased atretic index, apoptosis and AR of the granulosa cells along with disturbance of the feminine hormonal profile and oxidant/antioxidant balance. This study highlighted the potential long-term consequences of in utero and lactational exposure to TCC on the postnatal development of the ovary in rat offspring.

PMID:34428603 | DOI:10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151772

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