Assessment of Subjective and Objective Voice Analysis According to Types of Sulcus Vocalis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Assessment of Subjective and Objective Voice Analysis According to Types of Sulcus Vocalis Via Journal of Voice Sulcus vocalis (SV) subtypes are difficult to diagnose. Non-invasive techniques are sometimes not feasible in the diagnosis. The study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of objective and subjective voice analysis combined with videolaryngostroboscopic examination (VLS) in the diagnosis of SV types. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

C-C motif chemokine ligand 14 inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion through suppressing M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader C-C motif chemokine ligand 14 inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion through suppressing M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages Via Cellular and Molecular Biology Histol Histopathol. 2021 Jun 7:18348. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-348. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers with a high incidence and high mortality. Chemokines play a crucial role in the development of cancer. METHODS: Here, qRT-PCR was performed to detect gene expression. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were implemented to examine the expression of C-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CCL14) in colon tumors. Besides, the expression of CD68 and CD206 in tumors was measured by immunohistochemistry. The percentages of M1- and M2-polarized macrophages were detected by flow cytometry. Furthermore, CCK-8 assay was performed to detect cell proliferation, and Transwell assay for cell invasion. RESULTS: CCL14 was decreased in both colon tumors and colon cancer cells, and many tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) infiltrated into the tumor. An increase CCL14 inhibited colon cancer cell p roliferation. Importantly, CCL14 promoted THP-1 to M1 polarization induced by LPS and IFN-γ, and inhibited THP-1 to M2 polarization induced by IL-4 and IL-13. Besides, CCL14 enhanced the inhibition of M1-polarized macrophages to colon cancer cell proliferation and invasion, but reversed the promotion of M2-polarized macrophages to cell proliferation and invasion. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that CCL14 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of colon cancer cells through suppressing the formation of M2-like TAMs. PMID:34096611 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-348 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Changes in metabolic syndrome status and risk of laryngeal cancer: A nationwide cohort study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Changes in metabolic syndrome status and risk of laryngeal cancer: A nationwide cohort study Via Head and neck cancers by Hyun-Bum Kim, Geun-Jeon Kim, Kyung-do Han, Young-Hoon Joo Background Whether dynamic changes of metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects the subsequent laryngeal cancer occurrence remains unknown. Objective This study investigated the effects of changes of MetS on the incidence of laryngeal cancer due to a lack of knowledge regarding the development of MetS in Korean population. Methods A total of 6,757,048 individuals who received national health checkup in 2009 and follow-up health examination in 2011 were analyzed and followed up until 2018. MetS status included the following categories: MetS-chronic (n = 941,609), MetS-developed (n = 614,229), MetS-recovery (n = 455,835), and MetS-free (n = 4,745,375). Results With a median follow-up duration of 6.403 years, 1,350 subjects were newly diagnosed with laryngeal cancer. Compared to participants without MetS, adjusted hazard ratios (HR) (95% confidence interval) for those with MetS were 1.320 (1.17–1.489) for laryngeal cancer. The HR of laryngeal cancer was found to be inc reased with increasing number of MetS components. The MetS-developed group had a significantly higher risk of laryngeal cancer than the MetS-free group (HR: 1.296; 95% CI: 1.093–1.537). The MetS-recovery group within two years also had an increased risk of laryngeal cancer compared with the MetS-free group (HR: 1.220; 95% CI: 1.008–1.476). Among MetS components, abdominal obesity had the highest risk of laryngeal cancer (HR: 1.374; 95% CI: 1.123–1.681). Conclusion Changes in MetS status were associated with the risk of laryngeal cancer. Results of this study have implications for etiological investigations and prevention strategies. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Multi-organ protective effect of Costus afer on low concentration toxic metal mixture in albino rats

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Multi-organ protective effect of <em>Costus afer</em> on low concentration toxic metal mixture in albino rats Via International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 15;13(2):52-68. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Heavy metal mixture can induce multiple organ damage through oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. Dietary intervention using natural antidotes in resource poor countries where classical metal chelators are either not affordable or available can be explored as an alternative means of management of public health effects of chronic heavy metal exposure. The search for natural antidote against the deleterious effects of heavy metals gives the thrust for this study. Thus, the study investigated the effect of aqueous leaf extract of Costus afer on liver, kidney, brain and testis induced by low dose heavy metal mixture (LDHMM) of PbCl2, CdCl2 and HgCl2 of concentrations of 20 mg/kg, 1.61 mg/kg and 0.40 mg/kg, respectively. Five groups of seven rats each (weight-matched) were used. First and second groups re ceived deionized water and heavy metal mixture and served as normal and toxic controls, respectively. Groups 3, 4 and 5 received through oral gavage 750, 1500, 2250 mg/kg of the Costus afer extract respectively, with the metal mixture concurrently. All treatments were four times a week for 90 days (4/week/90 days). Hepatorenal, hormonal, oxidative stress markers, cytokines (interleukin-6 and interleukin-10), and heavy metals (Pb, Cd and Hg) concentrations were assayed. The one-way analysis of variance, agglomerative hierarchical clustering, parallel coordinates plot, principal component analysis and Bray Curtis dissimilarity were used to statistically analyze the data. LDHMM caused significant changes in these organs and however, the plant extract provided a protective effect against these pathological changes. The statistical analysis revealed that the kidney was the most affected organ, followed by the liver, then brain and testis, respectively. Costus afer may be an important nutraceutical in multi-organ deleterious effects of LDHMM following its regulation of oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines and biometal chelation. PMID:34093966 | PMC:PMC8166809 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Efficacy of behavioral audiological tests in identifying cochlear synaptopathy: a systematic review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficacy of behavioral audiological tests in identifying cochlear synaptopathy: a systematic review Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jun 9. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06927-x. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Cochlear synaptopathy or hidden hearing loss is difficult to assess due to the lack of sensitivity with standard audiological tests. Poor speech perception, especially in the presence of noise or tinnitus, is the most common complaint of these patients. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify articles in peer-reviewed journals that used behavioral measures in the effective assessment of cochlear synaptopathy or hidden hearing loss. METHODS: The manuscripts were searched in various international databases, and the manuscripts were screened based on titles, abstracts, and full-length content. A total of 14 human studies were selected after the appropriate exclusion of other articles. RESULTS: Results showed that high-frequency audiometry could be used for the early identification of cochlear synaptopat hy. The tone in noise detection test can also be added in the test battery along with speech perception in noise. The amplitude modulation detection test, interaural phase difference, and differential sensitivity tests require more research before using them for the assessment of cochlear synaptopathy or hidden hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reports and questionnaires also help in determining the extent of noise exposure. PMID:34106328 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06927-x View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The protective effect of olanzapine on ketamine induced cognitive deficit and increased NR1 expression in rat model of schizophrenia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The protective effect of olanzapine on ketamine induced cognitive deficit and increased NR1 expression in rat model of schizophrenia Via International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 15;13(2):22-35. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Impaired cognitive flexibility is the core manifestation of schizophrenia (SZ). Previous literature raised a claim against the effect of atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAD) on cognitive and executive functions whose cause needs further investigation. Attention set-shifting task (ASST) tests the prefrontal cortex's (PFC) executive and flexibility functions. GOALS: To examine Olanzapine (OLZ) effect on ASST, expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDR-NR1) in prefrontal cortex (PFC), and metabolic comorbidity in ketamine (KET) model of SZ. METHODS: Sixty-two male rats were divided into three groups: 8 for ASST and 30 for open field, ELISA and immunohistochemistry sub-chronic study, and 24 for regular serological and histopathological examination. Rats treated with V: vehicle; K: KET and KO: OLZ plus KET. RESULTS: KET caused significant increase in time, trials, and errors to reach criterion. OLZ co-administration reversed effects of KET in ASST with no reduction of locomotor activity. OLZ normalized KET-induced rise of NR1 expression and protected against KET-induced degenerative changes in hippocampus and PFC. Significant increase in serum liver enzymes, total bilirubin, and lipids with chronic compared to sub-chronic OLZ administration. In contrast, insignificant difference between sub-chronic OLZ and vehicle was found. CONCLUSIONS: Current study demonstrated the efficacy of OLZ to reverse KET-induced cognitive deficits in ASST with neither reduction in NR1 expression in PFC nor metabolic malfunction in the sub-chronic study. It also showed the protective effect of OLZ on KET induced neuronal degeneration and necrosis. We suggest that chronic OLZ treatment-induced-metabolic malfunction might be the cause of time-dependent cognitive deterioration. PMID:34093963 | PMC:PMC8166812 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A cross-sectional cadaveric study of the correlation between genital organ measurements, serum testosterone, and serum prostate-specific antigen levels in Japanese male subjects

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader A cross-sectional cadaveric study of the correlation between genital organ measurements, serum testosterone, and serum prostate-specific antigen levels in Japanese male subjects Via International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 15;13(2):36-42. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Association of organ sizes in the genitalia have long been a topic of interest for the general public. However, factors such as selection bias, embarrassment, and invasive testing have hindered studies on living individuals. We obtained measurements of penile size, testicular weight, and prostate weight, and conducted related serum testing on 63 Japanese male adults who died of unexpected reasons and underwent autopsy from 2009 to 2013. Micropenis was seen in 7 subjects (11.1%) as determined by flaccid penile length. Penile measurements were mainly correlated with body weight, testicular weight with age and body mass index, and prostate weight with age and serum prostate-specific antigen level. No correlation was detected between testosterone and any genital organ measurements. Interestingly, penile circumference showed no correlation to any of th e penile length measurements. Prostate weight showed a significant positive correlation with penile circumference, penile stretched length, and testicular weight. Although the direct clinical implications are unclear, utilizing autopsy provided insight into genital organ measurements free of patient selection bias and other disadvantages of live patient testing. With a larger sample size, autopsy studies may be of use to future adjustment of nomograms. PMID:34093964 | PMC:PMC8166811 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Zinc cytotoxicity induces mitochondrial morphology changes in hela cell line

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Zinc cytotoxicity induces mitochondrial morphology changes in hela cell line Via International Journal of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 15;13(2):43-51. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn2+) is important in cellular processes. In the cell, free zinc is tightly regulated and found in minuscule amounts. However, in an unhealthy cellular environment, such as hypoxia, zinc increases in the cell and zinc overload may occur. Studies have shown that zinc overload causes cellular and mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial stress affects mitochondrial morphology. In normal cells, mitochondrial morphology resembles a long, tubular shape. In unhealthy cells, mitochondrial morphology resembles fragmented, circular shape. To address whether zinc overload contributes directly to the abnormal changes of mitochondrial morphology, we imaged and analyzed mitochondria that were treated with the application of exogenous zinc. In the first part of the study, exogenous zinc was applied to HeLa cells at 1 µM, 10 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM, or 200 µM zinc chloride along with 10 µM pyrithione. Mitochondrial morphology was analyzed with Mito-Morphology micro in ImageJ. Mitochondrial morphology changed from a healthy tubular shape to an unhealthy circular shape and fragmentation. Mitochondrial morphology changes were observed in a dose-dependent fashion. The second part of the study involved applying the metal ion chelator TPEN after applying 50 µM zinc chloride along with 10 µM pyrithione. TPEN reduced zinc-induced abnormal mitochondrial morphology after zinc treatment. This present study supports that zinc overload may cause morphology changes induced by mitochondrial stress that may lead to cell death. PMID:34093965 | PMC:PMC8166810 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

The Iodide Transport Defect-Causing Y348D Mutation in the Na+/I− Symporter Renders the Protein Intrinsically Inactive and Impairs Its Targeting to the Plasma Membrane

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader The Iodide Transport Defect-Causing Y348D Mutation in the Na+/I− Symporter Renders the Protein Intrinsically Inactive and Impairs Its Targeting to the Plasma Membrane Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Imaging May Reduce Temporary Hypoparathyroidism in Patients Undergoing Total Thyroidectomy and Central Neck Dissection

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Imaging May Reduce Temporary Hypoparathyroidism in Patients Undergoing Total Thyroidectomy and Central Neck Dissection Via liebertpub1 Thyroid, Ahead of Print. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in North Indian children with asthma: a case-control study

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in North Indian children with asthma: a case-control study Via International Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Genetics Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet. 2021 Apr 15;12(2):24-34. eCollection 2021. ABSTRACT Asthma is a complex genetic disease. Vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are involved in asthma pathogenesis. However, accurate inflammatory mechanisms and their role in VDR gene polymorphisms are unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of VDR gene polymorphisms, ApaI, FokI, TaqI, and BsmI with asthma as compared to controls. Children (age 5-15 years) with a history of respiratory symptoms (wheeze, shortness of breath and chest tightness) were recruited as cases. Age matched children admitted with central nervous system disorders (encephalitis/seizures) without any respiratory complaints were recruited as controls after parental consent. Children with a clinical diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, congenital heart disease and whose parents did not consent for par ticipation in the study were excluded. VDR gene polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. One hundred and sixty asthmatics and one hundred controls were enrolled in this study. Mean age of the cases was 103.29±32.7 months and controls 94.24±30.52 months. Children with heterozygous (AC) genotype [OR=1.83, 95% CI=1.01-3.32, p=0.046] of ApaI polymorphism were found to be associated with the risk of asthma. Our findings suggest that ApaI polymorphism of VDR gene may contribute to asthma susceptibility among children. PMID:34093968 | PMC:PMC8166730 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.