Podoplanin is required for tumor cell invasion in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Podoplanin is required for tumor cell invasion in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract The invasiveness of late stage cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is associated with poor patients' prognosis and linked to strong upregulation of the glycoprotein Podoplanin (PDPN) in cancer cells. However, the function of PDPN in these processes in cSCC carcinogenesis has not been characterized in detail yet. Employing a CRISPR/Cas9‐based loss‐of‐function approach on murine cSCC cells, we show that the loss of Pdpn results in decreased migration and invasion in vitro. Complementing these in vitro studies, labeled murine control and Pdpn knockout cells were injected orthotopically into the dermis of nude mice to recapitulate the formation of human cSCC displaying a well‐differentiated morphology with a PDPN‐positive reaction in fibroblasts in the tumor stroma. Smaller tumors were observed upon Pdpn loss, which is associated with reduced tumor cell infiltration into the stroma. Utilizing Pdpn mutants in functional experim ents in vitro we provide evidence that both the intra‐ and extracellular domains are essential for cancer cell invasion. These findings underline the critical role of PDPN in cSCC progression and highlight potential therapeutic strategies targeting PDPN‐dependent cancer cell invasion especially in late‐stage cSCC patients. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Molecular epidemiology of non‐syndromic autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in a Middle Eastern population

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Molecular epidemiology of non‐syndromic autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in a Middle Eastern population Via Experimental Dermatology Abstract Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a rare and heterogeneous skin cornification disorder presenting with generalized scaling and varying degrees of erythema. Clinical manifestations range from lamellar ichthyosis (LI), congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE) through the most severe form of ARCI, Harlequin ichthyosis (HI). We used homozygosity mapping, whole exome and direct sequencing to delineate the relative distribution of pathogenic variants as well as identify genotype‐phenotype correlations in a cohort of 62 Middle Eastern families with ARCI of various ethnic backgrounds. Pathogenic variants were identified in most ARCI‐associated genes including TGM1 (21%), CYP4F22 (18%), ALOX12B (14%), ABCA12 (10%), ALOXE3 (6%), NIPAL4 (5%), PNPLA1 (3%), LIPN (2%) and SDR9C7 (2%). In 19% of cases, no mutation was identified. Our cohort revealed a higher prevalence of CYP4F22 and ABCA12 path ogenic variants and a lower prevalence of TGM1 and NIPAL4 variants, as compared to data obtained in other regions of the world. Most variants (89%) in ALOX12B were associated with CIE and were the most common cause of ARCI among patients of Muslim origin (26%). Palmoplantar keratoderma associated with fissures was exclusively a result of pathogenic variants in TGM1. To our knowledge, this is the largest cohort study of ARCI in the Middle Eastern population reported to date. Our data demonstrate the importance of population‐tailored mutation screening strategies and shed light upon specific genotype‐phenotype correlations. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of GPRC5A in various cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of GPRC5A in various cancers: A systematic review and meta-analysis Via Head and neck cancers by Lu Dai, Xiao Jin, Zheng Liu Background GPRC5A is associated with various cancer initiation and progression. Controversial findings have been reported about GPRC5A prognostic characteristics, and no meta-analysis has been conducted to assess the relationship between GPRC5A and cancer prognosis. Therefore, the objective of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the overall prognostic effectiveness of GPRC5A. Methods We first conducted a systematic search in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Cochrane, and WangFang databases. The hazard ratio (HR) and odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI were then pooled to assess the associations between GPRC5A expression and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), event-free survival (EFS), and clinicopathological characteristics. Chi-squared test and I2 statistics were completed to evaluate the heterogeneity in our study. A random‐effects model was used when significant heterogeneity existed (I2>50% and p Results In total, 15 st udies with 624 patients met inclusion criteria of this study. Our results showed that higher expression of GPRC5A is associated with worse OS (HR:1.69 95%CI: 1.20–2.38 I2 = 75.6% p = 0.000), as well as worse EFS (HR:1.45 95%CI: 1.02–1.95 I2 = 0.0% p = 0.354). Subgroup analysis indicated that tumor type might be the source of high heterogeneity. Additionally, cancer patients with enhanced GPRC5A expression were more likely to lymph node metastasis (OR:1.95, 95%CI 1.33–2.86, I2 = 43.9%, p = 0.129) and advanced tumor stage (OR: 1.83, 95%CI 1.15–2.92, I2 = 61.3%, p = 0.035), but not associated with age, sex, differentiation, and distant metastasis. Conclusion GPRC5A can be a promising candidate for predicting medical outcomes and used for accurate diagnosis, prognosis prediction for patients with cancer; however, the predictive value of GPRC5A varies significantly according to cancer type. Further stu dies for this mechanism will be necessary to reveal novel insights into application of GPRC5A in cancers. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Two-phase survey on the frequency of use and safety of MRI for hearing implant recipients

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Two-phase survey on the frequency of use and safety of MRI for hearing implant recipients Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Mar 31. doi: 10.1007/s00405-020-06525-3. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to visualize and diagnose soft tissues. Hearing implant (HI) recipients are likely to require at least one MRI scan during their lifetime. However, the MRI scanner can interact with the implant magnet, resulting in complications for the HI recipient. This survey, which was conducted in two phases, aimed to evaluate the safety and performance of MRI scans for individuals with a HI manufactured by MED-EL (MED-EL GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria). METHODS: A survey was developed and distributed in two phases to HEARRING clinics to obtain information about the use of MRI for recipients of MED-EL devices. Phase 1 focused on how often MRI is used in diagnostic imaging of the head region of the cochlear implant (CI) recipients. Phase 2 collected safety information about MRI scans perfor med on HI recipients. RESULTS: 106 of the 126 MRI scans reported in this survey were performed at a field strength of 1.5 T, on HI recipients who wore the SYNCHRONY CI or SYNCHRONY ABI. The head and spine were the most frequently imaged regions. 123 of the 126 scans were performed without any complications; two HI recipients experienced discomfort/pain. One recipient required reimplantation after an MRI was performed using a scanner that had not been approved for that implant. There was only one case that required surgical removal of the implant to reduce the imaging artefact. CONCLUSION: Individuals with either a SYNCHRONY CI or SYNCHRONY ABI from MED-EL can safely undergo a 1.5 T MRI when it is performed according to the manufacturer's safety policies and procedures. PMID:33788034 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-020-06525-3 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

New study on prevalence of anosmia in COVID-19 implicates the D614G virus mutation as a major contributing factor to chemosensory dysfunction

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader New study on prevalence of anosmia in COVID-19 implicates the D614G virus mutation as a major contributing factor to chemosensory dysfunction Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Mar 31. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06759-9. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:33788036 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06759-9 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of two disease‑specific instruments assessing health-related quality of life in patients with chronic otitis media

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of two disease‑specific instruments assessing health-related quality of life in patients with chronic otitis media Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Mar 31. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06702-y. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT PURPOSE: Evaluating the current health state in chronic otitis media (COM), audiologic results are complemented by subjective outcomes, such as health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Two disease-specific instruments assessing HRQoL in COM in German-speaking patients exist, i.e., the chronic otitis media outcome test (COMOT-15) and the Zurich chronic middle ear inventory (ZCMEI-21). Since the psychometric properties of these questionnaires in a concurrent application are unknown, the aim of this study was to compare the COMOT-15 and the ZCMEI-21. METHODS: HRQoL was assessed in adult COM patients using the COMOT-15 and the ZCMEI-21. Psychometric properties were determined, including response distribution, concurrent validity, internal consistency, correlation to hearing and gender differences. RESULTS: In 173 patients (me an age 51.5 years), both questionnaires showed normally distributed scores without strong floor and ceiling effects. The total scores and subscores of both questionnaires exhibited satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.7-0.9) with the exception of the COMOT-15 hearing subscore (α = 0.94) and the ZCMEI-21 medical resource subscore (α = 0.66). Fair correlations between the air conduction pure-tone average and the total scores were found (COMOT-15: r = 0.36, p < 0.0001; ZCMEI-21: r = 0.34, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In the first study comparing the COMOT-15 and the ZCMEI-21, both questionnaires exhibited satisfactory psychometric properties with several subtle differences. The COMOT-15 has a strong focus on hearing with a probably redundant content of the hearing subscore and may be suited for hearing-focused research questions. The ZCMEI-21 provides a comprehensive assessment of the COM symptom complex and may therefore also be used in research settings, where ear discharge, vertigo or pain should be covered. PMID:33788035 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06702-y View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Letter to the editor 'A nomogram for predicting occult lymph node metastasis in early hypopharyngeal cancer with cN0'

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Letter to the editor "A nomogram for predicting occult lymph node metastasis in early hypopharyngeal cancer with cN0" Via http://link.springer.com/journal/405,European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology,The European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Mar 30. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06782-w. Online ahead of print. NO ABSTRACT PMID:33786657 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06782-w View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

FEES as a second‐stage diagnostic tool in 117 patients with dysphagia

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader FEES as a second‐stage diagnostic tool in 117 patients with dysphagia Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract In 1988, Langmore et al. developed fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) as a safe and reliable tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of dysphagia.1 Currently, FEES represents the gold standard in oropharyngeal dysphagia, although videofluoroscopy may supplement clinical assessment in select cases.2 One or a work pair speech–language therapists (SLTs) most often serve as endoscopists during FEES. In Finland, an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist or a phoniatrics specialist as well as an SLT perform FEES either together or alone. Although this work‐pair setting is considered superior vis‐à‐vis safety and precision, a limited amount of research exists on various aspects of the care pathway for patients with dysphagia at a tertiary health care centre. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Objective Evaluation of Biomaterial Effects after Injection Laryngoplasty‐ Introduction of Artificial Intelligence‐Based Ultrasonic Image Analysis

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Objective Evaluation of Biomaterial Effects after Injection Laryngoplasty‐ Introduction of Artificial Intelligence‐Based Ultrasonic Image Analysis Via Clinical Otolaryngology Abstract Objective Hyaluronic acid (HA) can be degraded over time. However, persistence of the effects after injection laryngoplasty (IL) for unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP), longer than expected from HA longevity, has been observed. The purpose of the study was to develop an methodology with clinical utility for objective evaluation of the temporal change in HA volume after IL using artificial intelligence (AI)‐based ultrasonic assessment. Design, setting and participants Imaging phantoms simulating injected HA were built in different volumes for designing the algorithm for machine learning. Subsequently, five adult patients who had undergone IL with HA for UVFP were recruited for clinical evaluation. Main outcome measures Estimated volumes were evaluated for injected HA by the automatic algorithm as well as voice outcomes at 2 weeks, and 2 and 6 months after IL. Results On imaging phantoms, contours on each frame were described well by the algorithm and the volume could be estimated accordingly. The error rates were 0 – 9.2%. Moreover, the resultant contours of the HA area were captured in detail for all participants. The estimated volume decreased to an average of 65.76% remaining at 2 months and to a minimal amount at 6 months while glottal closure remained improved. Conclusion The volume change of the injected HA over time for an individual was estimated non‐invasively by AI‐based ultrasonic image analysis. The prolonged effect after treatment, longer than HA longevity, was demonstrated objectively for the first time. The information is beneficial to achieve optimal cost‐effectiveness of IL and improve the life quality of the patients. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of three different types of exercises for selective contractions of supra- and infrahyoid muscles

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of three different types of exercises for selective contractions of supra- and infrahyoid muscles Via swallowing exercises Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 30;11(1):7131. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-86502-w. ABSTRACT Several exercise methods, such as the Shaker exercise, tongue press exercise, chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) exercise, and submandibular push exercise, have been introduced to strengthen the muscles involved in swallowing. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of the CTAR, submandibular push, and Shaker exercises for the induction of selective supra- and infrahyoid muscle contractions using surfa ce electromyography (EMG). This study is a prospective non-randomized controlled study. Twenty-five healthy subjects and 20 patients experiencing swallowing difficulty were enrolled. During the three different types of exercises, the root mean square (RMS) values of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), suprahyoid (anterior belly of the digastric and mylohyoid muscles), and infrahyoid (sternothyroid and thyrohyoid muscles) muscles were analyzed using surface EMG. Differences in the activity of swallowing muscles among the three different exercises were analyzed using one-way repeated measured analysis of variance. In terms of both the maximum and mean RMS values of the suprahyoid muscle, the submandibular push exercise showed a larger RMS value than the CTAR and Shaker exercises in healthy subjects (p < 0.05). In terms of both the maximum and mean RMS values of the suprahyoid muscle, the Shaker exercise and submandibular push exercise showed a larger RMS value than the CTAR exercise in patients with swallowing difficulty (p < 0.05). The submandibular push exercise may be effective as a swallowing muscle exercise owing to its superiority in inducing selective contractions of the supra- and infrahyoid muscles. The CTAR and Shaker exercises are also effective in this regard. PMID:33785793 | DOI:10.1038/s41598-021-86502-w View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Otolaryngology Consult Protocols in the Setting of COVID-19: The University of Pittsburgh Approach

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Otolaryngology Consult Protocols in the Setting of COVID-19: The University of Pittsburgh Approach Via otol rhinol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Mar 29:34894211005937. doi: 10.1177/00034894211005937. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze trends in otolaryngology consultations and provide algorithms to guide management during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study at a single institution tertiary care hospital. A total of 95 otolaryngology consultations were performed from March 1, 2020 to April 26, 2020 (COVID-era) and 363 were performed from September 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020 (pre-COVID-era) at the UPMC Oakland campus. Data collected included patient demographics, COVID-19 status, reason for consult, location of consult, type of consult, procedures performed, need for surgical intervention, length of hospital stay and recommended follow up. RESULTS: Patient populations in the pre-COVID-era and COVID-era were similar in terms of their distribution of demographics and chief complaints. Craniofacial trauma was the most common reason for consultation in both periods, followed by vocal fold and airway-related consults. We saw a 21.5% decrease in the rate of consults seen per month during the COVID-era compared to the 6 months prior. Review of trends in the consult workflow allowed for development of several algorithms to safely approach otolaryngology consults during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: Otolaryngology consultations provide valuable services to inpatients and patients in the emergency departmen t ranging from evaluation of routine symptoms to critical airways. Systematic otolaryngology consult service modifications are required in order to reduce risk of exposure to healthcare providers while providing comprehensive patient care. PMID:33779296 | DOI:10.1177/00034894211005937 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.