Αρχειοθήκη ιστολογίου

Τετάρτη 26 Ιουλίου 2017

Patients cry “whitewash” as NHS refuses to halt use of mesh implants

An NHS review of transvaginal mesh implants released this week has been branded a "whitewash" after failing to order a safety review of the devices, which patients say carry unacceptable risks of...

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Five minutes with . . . Paula Bolton-Maggs

"Earlier this month we published our latest annual report on adverse incidents related to transfusion.1 Our organisation is 20 years old and has had a significant impact on transfusion safety."All...

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60 seconds on . . . Black Wednesday

Another day of discount shopping? Fantastic!No, you fool—this is Black Wednesday, not Black Friday. It's the first Wednesday in August, when a new cohort of junior doctors start working at NHS...

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Community hospitals: still a viable option?

A report from RAND Europe, a non-profit research institute based in Cambridge, has sparked a debate about whether community hospitals can deliver integrated care in England.The report,1 commissioned...

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Heavy drinking predicted to kill 63 000 people over the next five years

Almost 63 000 people in England will die over the next five years from liver problems linked to heavy drinking, researchers have predicted, prompting doctors to call for the government to introduce...

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Deficient prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex in schizophrenia using a cross-modal paradigm

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Publication date: Available online 25 July 2017
Source:Biological Psychology
Author(s): Katharina Haß, Nikolaj Bak, Gregor R. Szycik, Birte Y. Glenthoj, Bob Oranje
ObjectivesTo investigate whether the typically reported deficient sensorimotor gating in patients with schizophrenia using unimodal paradigms can also be detected by a cross-modal paradigm which made use of an electrocutaneous-acoustic coupling of stimuli.MethodsTwenty-one male schizophrenia patients took part in a prepulse inhibition (PPI) paradigm with an electrocutaneous prepulse and an acoustic startle-eliciting pulse. Their results were compared with those from nineteen healthy males.ResultsAs expected, the patients showed significantly lower PPI than controls. No associations were found between measures of illness severity and PPI.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing reduced PPI in patients with schizophrenia by using an electrocutaneous-acoustic prepulse-pulse combination. Hence, this study gives further evidence of a modality-independent sensorimotor gating deficit in schizophrenia. Furthermore, as PPI was also lower than usual in controls using unimodal paradigms, results are interpreted in favour of longer processing times of the electrocutaneous prepulse, which probably led to a shorter perceived stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) in the brain.



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Physiological Correlates of Emotional Reactivity and Regulation in Early Adolescents

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Publication date: Available online 25 July 2017
Source:Biological Psychology
Author(s): Melissa D. Latham, Nina Cook, Julian G. Simmons, Michelle L. Byrne, Jonathan W.L. Kettle, Orli Schwartz, Nandita Vijayakumar, Sarah Whittle, Nicholas B. Allen
Few studies have examined physiological correlates of emotional reactivity and regulation in adolescents, despite the occurrence in this group of significant developmental changes in emotional functioning. The current study employed multiple physiological measures (i.e., startle-elicited eyeblink and ERP, skin conductance, facial EMG) to assess the emotional reactivity and regulation of 113 early adolescents in response to valenced images. Reactivity was measured while participants viewed images, and regulation was measured when they were asked to discontinue or maintain their emotional reactions to the images. Adolescent participants did not exhibit fear-potentiated startle blink. However, they did display affect-consistent zygomatic and corrugator activity during reactivity, as well as inhibition of some of these facial patterns during regulation. Skin conductance demonstrated arousal dependent activity during reactivity, and overall decreases during regulation. These findings suggest that early adolescents display reactivity to valenced pictures, but not to startle probes. Psychophysiological patterns during emotion regulation indicate additional effort and/or attention during the regulation process.



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Viruses, Vol. 9, Pages 196: Perspectives on the Evolution of Porcine Parvovirus

Viruses, Vol. 9, Pages 196: Perspectives on the Evolution of Porcine Parvovirus

Viruses doi: 10.3390/v9080196

Authors: Woo-Taek Oh Ri-Yeon Kim Van-Giap Nguyen Hee-Chun Chung Bong-Kyun Park

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is one of the main causes of porcine reproductive failure. It is important for swine industries to understand the recent trends in PPV evolution. Previous data show that PPV has two genetic lineages originating in Germany. In this study, two more genetic lineages were defined, one of which was distinctly Asian. Additionally, amino acid substitutions in European strains and Asian strains showed distinct differences in several regions of the VP2 gene. The VP1 gene of the recent PPV isolate (T142_South Korea) was identical to that of Kresse strain isolated in the USA in 1985, indicating that modern PPV strains now resemble the original strains (Kresse and NADL-2). In this study, we compared strains isolated in the 20th century to recent isolates and confirmed the trend that modern strains are becoming more similar to previous strains.



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Effect of superfine grinding on properties of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb leaves powder

Abstract

Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb, have been widely used in various traditional medicines and food products. The narrow and uniform particle size distribution in V. bracteatum Thunb leaves (VBTL) can be achieved through a new emerging type of foodstuff processing and superfine grinding. The VBTL powders were subjected to four particle sizes as followed: 300–125, 125–75, 75–40, and <40 μm. The VBTL powders were observed to be with smaller size and bulk density, greater surface area, tapped density and the angle of repose. Water solubility index, water holding capacity and total flavonoid extraction increased slightly with the decrease in particle size. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that the VBTL exhibiting particle size of <40 μm had the lowest peak temperature; whereas, powder with a particle size of 125–300 μm displayed the largest endothermic enthalpy. Our results of the properties of VBTL superfine powder supplied the basis for VBTL in potential industrial applications of foods.



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New treatments for lung cancer

Dr Santos talks with ecancer at NOSCM 2017 about the New Orleans Summer Cancer Meeting 2017 and his talk about how immunotherapy has moved to the frontline in treatment of lung cancer. He goes on to discus the treatment of lung cancer using carboplatin...

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The unmet needs of cancer survivors

Dr Klemp talks with ecancer at NOSCM 2017 about the unmet needs of cancer survivors and how this is becoming an imperative part of cancer care delivery. She goes on to outline how important it is to address the physical and psychological consequences of...

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