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Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos 72100 Crete Greece,00302841026182,00306932607174,alsfakia@gmail.com,
Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by chronic progressive multisystem involvement. AH1N1 virus infections caused classic influenza symptoms in the majority of cystic fibrosis pati...
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Dientes Community Dental Care will commemorate its 25th Anniversary with an evening celebration 5:30-7:30 p.m. Thursday, 1830 Commercial Way. There will be a short program at 5:45 p.m. and tours of the main clinic as well as food, beverages and live music.
The current lack of an easily measurable surrogate marker of cancer stem cells (CSCs) prevents the clinical application of CSCs for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously reported that keratin 19 (K19) is a novel HCC-CSC marker associated with transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)/Smad signaling, and that K19+ HCC-CSCs could be a new therapeutic target of TGFβ receptor 1 inhibitor LY2157299. In this study, we examined whether K19+ HCC-CSCs can be tracked using cytokeratin 19 fragment CYFRA 21-1. In 147 HCC patients who underwent curative resection and evaluated K19 expression by immunohistochemistry, preoperative serum CYFRA 21-1 levels were significantly higher in K19+ patients than in K19− patients (P < 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic analyses revealed that serum CYFRA 21-1 was the statistically significant and the most sensitive predictor of tumor K19 expression among preoperative laboratory test values (P < 0.001). In HCC cells encoding with a K19 promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-isolated K19+ cells displayed significantly higher levels of supernatant CYFRA 21-1 than K19− cells (P < 0.01). Gain/loss of K19 function experiments confirmed that CYFRA 21-1 levels were regulated by K19 function in HCC cells. Furthermore, CYFRA 21-1 levels reflected the treatment efficacy of LY2157299 in K19+ cells. In conclusion, CYFRA 21-1 can be used to predict K19 expression in HCC, and should thereby aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting K19+ HCC-CSCs.
Keratin 19 (K19) is known to be a cancer stem cells (CSCs) marker in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, easily-measurable surrogate marker of K19 + HCC-CSCs has not been identified. This study showed that serum CYFRA 21-1 is the significant predictor of K19 expression in human HCC, and that CYFRA 21-1 levels reflect K19 function and TGFβ receptor 1 inhibitor treatment efficacy in HCC cells.
Moyamoya: A pattern of progressive obstructive and occlusive cerebral arteritis (inflammation of the cerebral arteries that obstructs and occludes them), predominantly in children and young adults. Symptoms include headaches, behavioral abnormalities, and recurrent attacks of paralysis. The radiology findings are helpful in the diagnosis.
A molecular genetic study of the polymorphic C-159T locus of the CD14 gene has been carried out in 31 children with recurrent episodes of acute obstructive bronchitis as well as in a cohort of 50 randomly sampled subjects forming the control group. As a result of the study, no higher statistically significant frequency of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes has been recorded at the polymorphic C-159T locus of the CD14 gene among children of the main group compared with the control. However, there is a trend towards a more frequent observation of the TT genotype among children with recurrent episodes of acute obstructive bronchitis compared with the control group (32.25 vs. 22.0%).
The molecular-genetic testing of the polymorphic rs2981579 (C>T) locus of the FGFR2 gene as the marker of increased predisposition to the development of mesial occlusion was carried out in 110 patients with mesial occlusion and 103 general-population control subjects from Ukraine. It was shown that polymorphism rs2981579 in gene FGFR2 is associated with mesial occlusion (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.14–2.45, p = 0.009). Compared to CC carriers, TT+CT carriers had a 3.21-fold higher risk of mesial occlusion (95% CI = 1.57–6.57, p = 0.001). We found the protective effect of the homozygous allele C on mesial occlusion development (OR = 0.31, p = 0.001). This is the first published data on FGFR2 polymorphisms rs2981579 (C>T) in patients with mesial occlusion.
Data concerning the synthesis and functions of trehalose in plants have been analyzed and the contribution of trehalose to tolerance to different types of abiotic stress has been considered. Data on phenotypic changes and stress resistance (including drought resistance) in transgenic plants that expressed genes required for trehalose biosynthesis have been summarized.
Changes in epigenetic polymorphism degree within wheat seedlings' population under radiation stimulating exposure of germination were investigated. Variations in seeds sample allocations by germination rate in both control and chronically exposed variants were estimated. Changes in DNA methylation patterns of seedlings from seeds with different germination rate were studied. Variations in epigenetic polymorphism–"distance" between DNA methylation patterns of "fast" and "slow" seedlings of different wheat varieties under radiation exposure were assessed. Indicated, that increased germination rate of seeds sample was associated with decreasing degree of epigenetic polymorphism. Issue concerning both role of epigenetic polymorphism in plant population stability and its decreasing degree that could initiate less effectiveness of production process was discussed.
Figure 3 should be:
The character of inheritance of the morphological traits of spike and grain color and morphometric parameters of the grain in simple and backcross F1 and F2 hybrids of spelt and soft wheat has been investigated. The experiments confirmed that single homologous genes determine the trait of grain width in different species of wheat. Incomplete dominance of the gene that determines the trait of grain length has been revealed. The increase of the dosage of genes from one wheat species in a backcross hybrid has been shown to increase the deviation from the other species and to bring the values of the quantitative parameters of the grain closer to the values for the saturating species. Splitting of the spike color trait in the F2 offspring has been shown to follow the 15: 1 dihybrid cross scheme and to be controlled by two dominant homologous genes.
The higher frequency (almost 90%) of inheritance through pollen of heterozygous hybrids has been shown for the modified 1RS.1BL translocation compared with the 1BL telocentric, and, as a result, the segregations at the Gli-B1 and Glu-B1 loci strongly deviated from the expected values. The distance between the Glu-B1 locus and the centromere was 15.7–24.4 cM. Products of the 1RSm.1BL translocation "misdivision" were observed at a frequency of 0.05%. Both the Pavon MA1 lines and the winter wheat line with the 1RSm.1BLal translocation have shown a significant decrease in the level of homologous chromosome pairing, causing aneuploidy. These lines did not contain any reciprocal translocations with respect to the Kuyal'nik cultivar. A "hybrid desynapsis" has been observed in F1 hybrids (Kuyal'nik × Pavon MA1) in contrast to analogous hybrids from a winter line by the 1RSm.1BLal type. No single case of the 21ClosedII formation has been observed among the studied 693 pollen mother cells (PMCs), which would have indicated the presence of pairing between the short arms of the 1RSm.1BL translocations and the intact chromosome 1B.
In current paper, we studied the meiotic chromosome number and details of cytomixis recorded for the first time in Thalictrum cultratum Wall. from the high altitude areas of northwest Himalaya (India). Cytomixis, the phenomenon of inter PMC (pollen mother cell) migration of chromatin material has been reported in many angiosperms and other groups of plants, but there is no published report in Thalictrum cultratum. All the presently studied accessions of the species existed at diploid level (x = 7). The present chromosome count of n = 14 has been reported for the first time from the study area. The cytological stability of any plant is an important consideration in view of its existence in nature. Meiotic disturbances can impose threat to the reproductive potential of plant. Current study reveals the occurrence of inter PMC migration of chromatin material. In present investigation, the phenomenon of cytomixis can be observed between 2 to 9 PMCs. Chromatin migration occurs through narrow and broad cytoplasmic channels or occasionally fused together during metaphase-I and anaphase-I. Cytomixis resulted in the formation of hypo- (n = 2, 2 + 1 small fragment, n = 3 + 3 small fragments, 4, 5 + extra mass of chromatin, 13) and hyperploid (n = 7 + 2 small fragments, 8 + 2 small fragments, 14, 14 + 2 small fragments, 15) PMCs, variable sized pollen grains and pollen sterility (20%). The current study reveals that cytomixis is responsible for formation of PMCs with variable chromosomes (hypoand hyperploid) and pollen grains of heterogeneous sizes and pollen sterility in T. cultratum. This is the first report of cytomixis in the species.
Polyploidization is an event that developed in plants during evolutionary path which confer them better survivorship than diploids towards the harsh environmental conditions. Regarding this approach polyploids acquire most of appealing facts in it which are the special concern of biologists. Present study is an attempt to induce autotetraploids in an important medicinal plant, Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague through colchicine. The seedlings of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague were treated with 3 different concentrations of colchicine (0.2, 0.4 and 0.5%, w/v) for 3 different durations. The autotetraploidy in plants have been confirmed on the basis of cytological, morphological and palynological observations. Total six autotetraploid plants (4n = 36) were induced. On the basis of the number of induced autotetraploids, 36 hours duration of 0.2% concentration of colchicine was found to be more effective. The morphological parameters such as increased flower size, reproductive organs, stomata size, pollen length and diameter, plant height, leaf length and width, number of umbel/plant, number of umbellate/umbel and stomatal frequency etc. were considered for the detection of autotetraploids. Various chromosomal configurations have been observed during meiotic analysis. Pollen fertility was decreased in autotetraploids than diploids.
The study was aimed to analyze the relation between individual genotypes and allelic variants of SNPs g.2141C>G of growth hormone gene, g.914T>A and g.257A>G of growth hormone receptor gene with growth and reproduction traits and to evaluate the populationgenetic structure in Aberdeen-Angus cattle (Bos taurus L., 1758) sample of Eastern Ukraine according SNPs studied. Allele C of SNP g.2141C>G has a positive correlation with birth weight, body stature, bigger rump, udder and total exterior evaluation score, shorter calving interval and better calve birth weight and negative correlation with calve average daily gain. Allele T of SNP g.914T>A has positive correlation with the muscle and udder size; live weight in each age, average daily gain, weight and average daily gain of calves born conform to the principle AA>TT≥TA. SNP g.257A>G showed a positive correlation for G allele with muscle size. The population is in equilibrium for SNPs g.2141C>G and g.257A>G, and in disequilibrium for SNP g.914T>A. The analysis showed no linkage disequilibrium between SNPs g.914T>A and g.257A>G. Inbreeding coefficient FST in Aberdeen-Angus group studied was 16.1%.
The aim of this study was to ensure the systematic protein expression of two genes (GTG and Cry1Ac) under the influence of two different constitutive promoters i.e. Ubiquitin-1 and CaMV 35S promoters in different sugarcane lines. PCR amplification of GTG and Cry1Ac was achieved from putative transgenic plants through gene specific primers. Qualitative comparisons of GTG and Cry1Ac genes expression under two different promoters were obtained through protein dot blot and dipstick assay. The appearance of comparatively dark color dots in dot blot and dark color bands on dipstick with Ubiquitin as compared to light color bands with CaMV35S promoter, qualitatively confirmed high protein expression of two genes under Ubiquitin promoter. In quantitative gene expression comparisons maximum optical density (OD) at 450 nm of UV-light was obtained for GTG (3.7 OD) and Cry1Ac (3 OD) under Ubiquitin promoter, while for GTG (1.6 OD) and Cry1Ac (2.5 OD) with CaMV 35S promoter. The results indicated higher expression of two genes under Ubiquitin-1 promoter in sugarcane was found as compared to CaMV 35S promoter. This study provides a guide for stable and high expression of transgenes with reference to Ubiquitin-1 promoter which can be utilize in sugarcane as well as in other monocots.
To elucidate the possible role of the transcription factor (TRF) JIN1/MYC2 in implementation of stress-protective effects of abscisic acid (ABA), the effect of exogenous ABA on the state of stomata and the activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline content under salt stress conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana plants of wild type (Col-0) and jin1 mutants with impaired jasmonate signaling was investigated. Treatment of leaves' epidermis with ABA (10 or 100 μM) caused the closing of stomata in Col-0 plants but has hardly any influence on stomatal aperture in jin1 mutants. Salt stress (200 mM NaCl exposure for 24 h) caused a reduction of the water content in the plant leaves of both genotypes. Addition of 10 μM ABA into the growing medium contributed to a maintaining of normal hydration in wild-type but not in jin1 plants under salt stress. ABA treatment caused an almost twofold increase in proline content in the leaves of plants of both genotypes under normal conditions. Pretreatment with phytohormone contributed to enhancing the proline content in wild-type plants at salt stress and had a less significant effect on its amount in jin1 plants. Treatment with ABA under physiologically normal conditions increased the catalase activity in wild-type plants. Both genotypes under ABA influence showed increased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Under salt stress conditions, higher activity of SOD, catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase was observed in ABA-treated wild-type plants but not in jin1 mutants. A conclusion about the participation of TRF JIN1/MYC2 in the formation of certain ABA-induced physiological responses of Arabidopsis plants was made.
From Clinical Thyroidology for the Public: In 2016, the encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer with no evidence of spread into the thyroid capsule or into the blood vessels seen under the microscope was renamed as noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), and was suggested that it was a non-cancer diagnosis. Read More….
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IJMS, Vol. 18, Pages 2082: Experimental and Kinetic Study on Lignin Depolymerization in Water/Formic Acid System
International Journal of Molecular Sciences doi: 10.3390/ijms18102082
Authors: Qi Wang Sipian Guan Dekui Shen
Microwave-assisted depolymerization of black-liquor lignin in formic acid was studied, concentrating on the yield of liquid fractions as bio-oil 1 (mainly aromatic monomers) and bio-oil 2 (mainly aromatic oligomers) and the distribution of the specific compositions. Bio-oil 1 (9.69%) and bio-oil 2 (54.39%) achieved their maximum yields under 160 °C with the reaction time of 30 min. The chemical compositions of bio-oil 1 and bio-oil 2 were respectively identified by means of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) and Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Ethanone, 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) and Ethanone, 1-(4-hydrox-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl) were evidenced to be the two prominent compounds in bio-oil 1. Production of aromatic oligomers with the molecular weight of 328, 342, 358, 378, 394, 424 and 454 identified by MALDI-TOF MS was substantially tuned with the reaction temperature. A two-separate-stage kinetic model was proposed to describe the acidic solvolysis of lignin assisted by microwave heating, where the first stage is dominated by the depolyerization of lignin to monomers and oligomers with the activation energy of 40.27 kJ·mol−1, and the second stage with the activation energy of 49.18 kJ·mol−1 is mainly ascribed to the repolymerization of first-stage produced compounds.
Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Amaranthaceae) and Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook. f. ex Benth. (Rutaceae) are two aromatic species traditionally used in Cameroon to repel and kill insects. The present work was carried out to substantiate this traditional use and to evaluate the possible incorporation in commercial botanical insecticides of their essential oils (EOs). The EOs were distilled from leaves of C. anisata and aerial parts of D. ambrosioides and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The insecticidal activity of both EOs was investigated against the filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus, and the housefly, Musca domestica. As possible mode of action, the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by the two EOs was investigated as well. The D. ambrosioides EO was characterized by the monoterpene peroxide ascaridole (61.4%) and the aromatic p-cymene (29.0%), whereas the C. anisata EO was dominated by the phenylpropanoids (E)-anethole (64.6%) and (E)-methyl isoeugenol (16.1%). The C. anisata EO proved to be very toxic to third instar larvae of C. quinquefasciatus showing LC50 of 29.3 μl/l, whereas D. ambrosioides EO was more toxic to adults of M. domestica showing a LD50 of 51.7 μg/adult. The mixture of both EOs showed a significant synergistic effect against mosquito larvae with LC50 estimated as 19.3 μl/l, whereas this phenomenon was not observed upon application to M. domestica adults (LD50 = 75.9 μg/adult). Of the two EOs, the D. ambrosioides one provided a good inhibition of AChE (IC50 = 77 μg/ml), whereas C. anisata oil was not effective. These findings provide new evidences supporting the ethno-botanical use of these two Cameroonian plants, and their possible application even in synergistic binary blends, to develop new eco-friendly, safe and effective herbal insecticides.
Presence of industrial dyes and heavy metal as a contaminant in environment poses a great risk to human health. In order to develop a potential technology for remediation of dyes (Reactive remazol red, Yellow 3RS, Indanthrene blue and Vat novatic grey) and heavy metal [Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI) and Pb(II)] contamination, present study was performed with entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (MTCC no. 4580). High dye removal (88–97%) was observed during the growth of B. bassiana while removal percentage for heavy metals ranged from 58 to 75%. Further, detailed investigations were performed with Pb(II) in terms of growth kinetics, effect of process parameters and mechanism of removal. Growth rate decreased from 0.118 h−1 (control) to 0.031 h−1, showing 28% reduction in biomass at 30 mg L−1 Pb(II) with 58.4% metal removal. Maximum Pb(II) removal was observed at 30 °C, neutral pH and 30 mg L−1 initial metal concentration. FTIR analysis indicated the changes induced by Pb(II) in functional groups on biomass surface. Further, microscopic analysis (SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) was performed to understand the changes in cell surface morphology of the fungal cell. SEM micrograph showed a clear deformation of fungal hyphae, whereas AFM studies proved the increase in surface roughness (RSM) in comparison to control cell. Homogenous bioaccumulation of Pb(II) inside the fungal cell was clearly depicted by TEM-high-angle annular dark field coupled with EDX. Present study provides an insight into the mechanism of Pb(II) bioremediation and strengthens the significance of using entomopathogenic fungus such as B. bassiana for metal and dye removal.
This month, a start-up company called Hyliion that is looking to hybridize Class 8 trucks around the world raised $21 million in Series A funding.
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J. Intell., Vol. 5, Pages 33: Overemphasized "g"
Journal of Intelligence doi: 10.3390/jintelligence5040033
Authors: Lazar Stankov
In this paper I argue that the emphasis on "g" has become a hindrance to the study of broadly defined human cognitive abilities. Abilities captured by the first- and second-stratum factors in the Cattel-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory have been neglected. The focus has been on a narrow range of cognitive processes that excludes those common to some sensory modalities and a host of new tasks and constructs that have become available through recent conceptual analyses and technological developments. These new areas have emerged from psychology itself (complex problem solving tasks and emotional intelligence) and from disciplines related to psychology like education and economics (economic games and cognitive biases in decision-making).
The aim was to describe medication errors (MEs) in hospitalized children reported to the national mandatory reporting and learning system, the Danish Patient Safety Database (DPSD). MEs were extracted from DPSD from the 5-year period of 2010–2014. We included reports from public hospitals on patients aged 0–17 years and categorized by reporters as medication-related. Reports from psychiatric wards and outpatient clinics were excluded. A ME was defined as any medication-related error occurring in the medication process whether harmful or not. MEs were categorized as harmful if they resulted in actual harm or interventions to prevent harm. MEs were further categorized according to occurrence in the medication process, type of error, and the medicines involved. A total of 2071 MEs including 487 harmful MEs were identified. Most MEs occurred during prescribing (40.8%), followed by dispensing (38.7%). Harmful MEs occurred mainly during dispensing (40.3%). Dosing errors were the most reported type of error, 47.7% of all MEs and 45.4% of harmful MEs. Antibiotics and analgesics were the most frequently reported medication classes. Common medicines associated with MEs included morphine, paracetamol, and gentamicin. MEs caused no harm (74.9%), mild (11.7%), moderate (10.5%), or severe harm (1.3%), but none were lethal.
Conclusion: MEs in hospitalized children occur in all medication processes and mainly involve dosing errors. Strategies should be developed to prevent MEs as these still threaten medication safety in pediatric inpatients.
What is known: • Hospitalized children are more likely to experience medication errors than adults. • Voluntary national and local reporting and learning systems have previously been used to describe the nature and types of medication errors. |
What is new: • Medication errors in hospitalized children occur in all steps of the medication process, most frequently involving dosing errors and most commonly involving morphine, paracetamol, and gentamicin. • Of the medication errors, 1.3% cause severe harm, but no fatal errors were reported. |
The fate of a Lewiston dentist accused of putting the health and safety of his patients in jeopardy likely won't be known for several months. On Friday, the Maine Board of Dental Practice held its first hearing to determine whether Dr. Jan Kippax should be further disciplined after his license was temporarily suspended in February.
Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): D. Culié, B. Pescetto, O. Dassonville, N. Guevara, D. Benisvy, J. Santini
IntroductionLa chirurgie de l'hyperparathyroïdie primaire, ciblée par l'imagerie morphologique et fonctionnelle, remplit les conditions théoriques d'une réalisation ambulatoire. L'objectif de notre étude était de valider ce type de prise en charge sur une série homogène de patients.Patients et méthodesL'ensemble des patients chez qui a été réalisée une chirurgie d'hyperparathyroïdie primaire en ambulatoire dans notre institution entre janvier 2013 et avril 2015 a été inclus dans cette étude rétrospective. Les critères habituels d'évaluation de la chirurgie ambulatoire ont été étudiés.RésultatsDurant la période étudiée, 144 patients ont été opérés d'une hyperparathyroïdie primaire. Dans 67 cas une chirurgie ambulatoire a pu être réalisée, avec un diagnostic préopératoire d'adénome parathyroïdien en imagerie. La recherche de la glande pathologique a été réalisée par une échographie chez tous les patients, et chez 66 d'entre eux par une scintigraphie. Cela a permis une chirurgie unilatérale, ciblée, dans 98,5 % des cas. Deux patients ont dû être hospitalisés pour la nuit en lien avec des complications mineures.ConclusionLa chirurgie de l'adénome parathyroïdien peut, dans une population de patients bien sélectionnée, être réalisée sur des durées opératoires courtes et avec un minimum de complications permettant ainsi sa réalisation en ambulatoire.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): F. Arous, J.-M. Boivin, A. Chaouat, C. Rumeau, R. Jankowski, D.T. Nguyen
ObjectifLe syndrome d'apnées-hypopnées obstructives du sommeil (SAHOS) semble être sous-diagnostiqué. L'objectif de cette étude était d'évaluer les connaissances du SAHOS par la population générale de Lorraine.MéthodesUne enquête à l'aide d'un questionnaire anonyme portant sur les connaissances des symptômes et des complications du SAHOS a été menée de juillet 2015 à novembre 2015, en région Lorraine. Le questionnaire a également été diffusé sur Internet à l'aide de réseaux sociaux. Les critères d'exclusion étaient les personnes de moins de 18 ans, le refus de remplir le questionnaire et la barrière linguistique.RésultatsAu total, 1307 personnes ont répondu à l'enquête : 1020 sous format papier et 287 via Internet. La plupart des symptômes étaient connus par environ deux tiers de la population. Les complications notamment cardiovasculaires et neurologiques étaient en revanche mal connues. Être atteint du SAHOS, avoir fait des études supérieures et avoir moins de 40 ans étaient des facteurs associés à une meilleure connaissance de la maladie. Les répondeurs sur Internet connaissaient aussi mieux cette pathologie.ConclusionMalgré des résultats concernant les symptômes du SAHOS plutôt encourageants, les connaissances du grand public concernant ses complications sont limitées. De nouvelles campagnes d'informations auprès des médecins ainsi qu'auprès du grand public devraient être réalisées afin d'informer la population de cette pathologie et de la sensibiliser sur ses complications.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): A. Dissard, L. Gilain, R. Pastourel, T. Mom, N. Saroul
But du travailL'objectif principal de cette étude rétrospective était l'évaluation des résultats fonctionnels de la chirurgie endoscopique du diverticule de Zenker. Les objectifs secondaires étaient d'évaluer la sécurité de la procédure, d'identifier les facteurs de risque de récidive et d'en déterminer leur conduite en cas de récidive.Patients et méthodesDe 2000 à 2014, 50 patients ont bénéficié d'une chirurgie endoscopique avec marsupialisation d'un diverticule de Zenker. Les symptômes de régurgitations et de dysphagie ont été évalués par l'échelle FOIS avant et après chirurgie. Le taux de récidives et le taux de complications ont été déterminés de manière rétrospective avec un suivi minimal de 18 mois.RésultatsLes régurgitations et la dysphagie ont été améliorées respectivement chez 96 % et 86 % des patients. Le taux de complications était de 12 %, complications le plus souvent mineures. Les temps moyens d'hospitalisation et de reprise alimentaire orale étaient respectivement de 2,0 et 1,3jours. Neuf patients (18 %) ont présenté une récidive de leur symptomatologie initiale et ont nécessité une reprise chirurgicale dans un délai moyen de 2,7 années. Elle a pu être réalisée dans la majorité des cas par voie endoscopique. Un seul facteur de risque de récidive a été identifié : la petite taille du diverticule.ConclusionLa chirurgie endoscopique du diverticule de Zenker permet une amélioration fonctionnelle dans la majorité de cas. Associant sécurité et efficacité, elle est actuellement la procédure de choix dans le traitement du diverticule de Zenker.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): C. Bignet, J. Carvalho, E. Lemaire, A. Charpiot
ButL'objectif de notre étude est de vérifier l'hypothèse que les sous-maxillites aiguës sont liées à un obstacle sur les voies salivaires. Notre étude évalue les caractéristiques de ces obstacles et leurs prises en charge.Matériel et méthodesOnt été inclus de façon rétrospective les patients ayant fait un épisode de sous-maxillite aiguë entre 2009 et 2015. Tous les patients ont bénéficié d'une exploration des voies salivaires par imagerie et/ou par sialendoscopie, et un examen anatomopathologique en cas d'ablation de la glande pour le diagnostic étiologique. Concernant le traitement étiologique : si la lésion causale n'était pas traitable par sialendoscopie uniquement, l'opérateur pouvait avoir recours à une voie combinée aidée par sialendoscope. En cas d'échec de ces procédures, l'indication d'une sous-maxillectomie était posée.RésultatsVingt-neuf patients ont été inclus dans l'étude et 28 patients présentaient une anomalie des voies salivaires. Au moins un calcul était retrouvé chez 27 patients, ceux-ci étaient majoritairement uniques (n=20), dans le tiers moyen (n=21) et volumineux (7,7mm de moyenne). Une sténose était retrouvée chez 10 patients et pour 9 patients, associée à un calcul salivaire. Vingt-cinq patients avec un obstacle ont bénéficié d'une sialendoscopie. La prise en charge par sialendoscopie uniquement a été possible dans 5 cas et par voie combinée dans 13 cas.ConclusionUn épisode de sous-maxillite impose un examen des voies salivaires par sialendoscopie pour une prise en charge précoce en raison de la fréquence de calculs associés et du taux élevé de traitement conservateur guidé par sialendoscopie.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): W.S. Zrafi, S. Tebra, S. Tbessi, S. Ouni, M. Jebsi, N. Bouaouina
ObjectifsParticularités épidémiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques du carcinome indifférencié de type nasopharyngé chez l'enfant.Matériel et méthodesÉtude rétrospective d'une série de 40 patients d'âge inférieur à 17 ans suivis pour un carcinome indifférencié du nasopharynx, dans les deux centres d'oncologie radiothérapie du centre tunisien entre 1995 et 2012.RésultatsL'âge médian était 14 ans, le sex-ratio 1,3. Le délai moyen de consultation était de 5 mois, la circonstance de découverte était l'apparition d'adénopathies cervicales dans 90 % des cas. Sur le plan thérapeutique, 37 patients ont reçu un traitement à visée curative. Le schéma thérapeutique était séquentiel dans 85 % des cas, commençant par une chimiothérapie puis une radiothérapie du cavum et des aires ganglionnaires cervicales. La dose médiane au niveau du cavum était de 70,4Gy. L'évolution a été marquée par la survenue de deux récidives locales, cinq rechutes métastatiques, toutes osseuses. Après un recul moyen de 80,5 mois (1–180), 29 patients (72,5 %) étaient en rémission complète, huit sont décédés et trois perdus de vue. La survie globale à 5 ans était de 77,7 %.ConclusionLe carcinome indifférencié du nasopharynx de l'enfant représente dans notre région 6 % des cas d'UCNT pris en charge dans nos institutions. Il est souvent découvert à un stade évolué. L'association séquentielle de chimiothérapie et de radiothérapie a permis un excellent taux de contrôle local.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): D. Bakhos, M. Marx, A. Villeneuve, E. Lescanne, S. Kim, A. Robier
Les examens audiométriques électrophysiologiques se sont développés depuis les années 1960 avec comme objectif la détermination objective des seuils auditifs. Ils sont maintenant utilisés pour le dépistage de la surdité néonatale. Si ces tests permettent de préciser les seuils auditifs, leur interprétation ne peut se faire qu'en complémentarité de l'audiométrie subjective que représente l'audiométrie tonale et vocale. En effet, si les tests objectifs permettent de préciser les seuils auditifs, ils ne peuvent généralement pas déterminer le type de surdité en cause. Chaque examen teste une région anatomique différente permettant l'exploration du système auditif de l'organe de Corti au cortex auditif. Ainsi, les examens d'audiométrie objective sont complémentaires.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): J. Bouguila, C. Ho Quoc, R. Viard, A. Brun, D. Voulliaume, J.-P. Comparin, J.L. Foyatier
De part sa position et sa projection, le nez est exposé aux diverses agressions comme les brûlures. Ce type de lésion peut concerner le nez de façon isolée ou entrer dans un contexte plus large constituant les brûlures nasofaciales. La reconstruction du nez constitue un défi, car cette entité anatomique est formée d'un ensemble tridimensionnel complexe, auquel s'ajoute même une « quatrième dimension » : la fonction. La prise en charge du nez brûlé constitue un défi esthétique et fonctionnel. Le traitement des séquelles doit s'adapter au degré d'atteinte du nez et aux impératifs esthétiques et fonctionnels de cette structure anatomique. Ce n'est qu'au terme de multiples interventions chirurgicales et de longs mois de rééducation que le patient brûlé retrouvera une vie sociale satisfaisante.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): A. Mattei, J. Magalon, B. Bertrand, C. Philandrianos, J. Veran, A. Giovanni
La microstructure des cordes vocales est complexe et peut être altérée par une microchirurgie laryngée. On peut alors observer un état cicatriciel n'autorisant plus le découplage mécanique entre épithélium et muscle, responsable de difficultés vibratoires à l'origine d'une dysphonie invalidante. Les possibilités thérapeutiques actuelles sont réduites et souvent inefficaces sur la vibration : elles n'apportent qu'un effet volumateur limitant la fuite glottique. L'objectif de cette revue de la littérature était double : i) décrire l'état actuel de la littérature quant à l'intérêt de la thérapie cellulaire dans la prise en charge des cordes vocales cicatricielles ; ii) analyser l'intérêt thérapeutique de la fraction vasculaire stromale d'origine adipeuse parmi l'arsenal thérapeutique préexistant. Notre recherche sur PubMed® en septembre 2016 a référencé les articles originaux de langue anglaise ou française traitant de l'usage des cellules souches dans la prise en charge des cordes vocales cicatricielles. Vingt-sept articles publiés entre 2003 et 2016 répondaient aux critères de sélection. Les cellules souches mésenchymateuses étaient les plus utilisées, majoritairement extraites de la moelle osseuse ou du tissu adipeux. Quatre études étaient réalisées in vitro sur fibroblastes et dix-huit in vivo chez l'animal. Les critères d'évaluation étaient : i) l'analyse de la cicatrisation (morphologie macroscopique et microscopique, propriétés viscoélastiques, matrice extracellulaire, fibroblastes) ; ii) l'évaluation de la survie et différenciation des cellules souches. Ces études démontrent l'action bénéfique des cellules souches mésenchymateuses, notamment d'origine adipeuse. Par ailleurs, la fraction vasculaire stromale possède des propriétés qui pourraient permettre d'améliorer ces résultats, en facilitant la logistique de production.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): C.-A. Lame, B. Loum, A.-K. Fall, J. Cucherousset, A.-R. Ndiaye
IntroductionLa maladie de Kikuchi-Fujimoto est une lymphadénite histiocytaire nécrosante. Cette pathologie bénigne atteint le plus souvent le sujet féminin d'âge mûr. Elle se manifeste généralement par des adénopathies cervicales fébriles. Elle doit être évoquée dans notre contexte d'exercice dominé par la fréquence des adénopathies tuberculeuses et des hémopathies malignes.ObservationNous rapportons le cas d'une femme sénégalaise âgée de 33 ans qui a présenté des adénopathies cervicales subaiguës dans un contexte fébrile. Il existait un syndrome inflammatoire biologique. Les bilans sérologique et tuberculeux étaient négatifs. L'analyse histopathologique d'une biopsie ganglionnaire, après échec d'un traitement antibiotique non spécifique, concluait à une maladie de Kikuchi-Fujimoto. L'évolution était favorable sous corticothérapie.ConclusionEn Afrique noire, l'association de polyadénopathies et de syndrome fébrile doit faire penser et rechercher, après la tuberculose et les lymphomes à des pathologies rares comme la maladie de Kikuchi-Fujimoto.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): S. Gorostis, M. Bacha, S. Gravier, T. Raguin
IntroductionLa fibrose angiocentrique à éosinophiles (EAF) est une affection bénigne et lentement progressive, affectant la muqueuse des voies aériennes supérieures ou l'orbite plus rarement. Elle appartient au spectre de la maladie associée aux IgG4.Cas cliniqueNous rapportons le cas d'un homme de 61 ans présentant une atteinte orbitaire (baisse d'acuité visuelle, douleurs, exophtalmie, œdème palpébral), céphalées et obstruction nasale. L'imagerie révèle une masse ethmoïdo-orbitaire droite infiltrant la graisse périorbitaire et englobant le nerf optique. L'analyse anatomopathologique a posé le diagnostic d'EAF devant l'infiltration périvasculaire par des cellules inflammatoires – majoritairement des polynucléaires éosinophiles – et des zones de fibrose « en bulbe d'oignon ». L'immunohistochimie a permis d'apparenter les lésions aux maladies associées aux IgG4. La prise en charge initiale par corticothérapie, puis dapsone n'a pas suffi au contrôle des crises évolutives, avec une importante corticodépendance. Une ethmoïdectomie chirurgicale emportant la lame papyracée a été réalisée dans le but de permettre l'expansion du globe oculaire vers la fosse nasale en cas de nouvelle crise.DiscussionL'association du rituximab à la chirurgie a permis la régression durable des douleurs et de l'exophtalmie.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): D.H. Lee, J.H. Kim, J.K. Lee, S.C. Lim
IntroductionLe carcinome mucoépidermoïde sclérosant de la glande salivaire est un sous-type rare de carcinome mucoépidermoïde. Les sites les plus touchés par le carcinome mucoépidermoïde sclérosant des glandes salivaires sont par ordre de fréquence la glande parotide, la glande sous-mandibulaire et les glandes salivaires accessoires.ObservationNous rapportons ici le premier cas de carcinome mucoépidermoïde sclérosant de la glande sublinguale.DiscussionLes cliniciens doivent évoquer le carcinome mucoépidermoïde sclérosant dans le diagnostic différentiel du néoplasme de la glande salivaire. L'exérèse chirurgicale avec marges saines est une option thérapeutique initiale qui semble suffisante pour le carcinome mucoépidermoïde sclérosant de la glande salivaire.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): O. Laccourreye, F. Rubin, J. Delort, P. Bonfils
À partir d'un cas d'œdème labial diffus isolé de survenue soudaine, les auteurs précisent les points clefs de la démarche diagnostique ainsi que les principales données épidémiologiques et cliniques.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): P.E.J. Regonne, M. Ndiaye, A. Sy, Y. Diandy, A.D. Diop, B.K. Diallo
ObjectifsLes corps étrangers nasaux (CEN) sont un accident domestique fréquent chez les enfants. L'objectif de ce travail était de présenter les particularités des CEN chez les enfants dans un hôpital pédiatrique sénégalais et décrire notre attitude thérapeutique.Matériel et méthodesÉtude rétrospective descriptive au service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie du Centre hospitalier national pour enfants de Diamniadio du 1er janvier 2013 au 31 décembre 2015 incluant tous les enfants de moins de 15 ans reçus pour CEN. Les variables étudiées étaient l'âge, le sexe, la provenance, le motif de consultation, le délai de consultation, la nature du CEN, la méthode d'extraction et les complications.RésultatsCinquante-huit CEN avaient été recensés. L'âge moyen était de 3 ans 4 mois. Parmi les patients, 93 % avaient moins de 5 ans. Il y avait une prédominance féminine (53,45 %), soit un sex-ratio de 0,87. Les CEN étaient localisés chez 43 patients (74,1 %) à droite. Le premier motif de consultation était la rhinorrhée purulente retrouvée chez 51,7 % ; parmi les patients, 17,24 % étaient amenés en consultation dans les 24 premières heures. La mousse était le premier CEN (29,3 %), suivie des graines (20,7 %). L'extraction a été réalisée en consultation chez 84,5 % et chez 15,5 % au bloc opératoire. La morbidité était de 22,41 %. Il s'agissait dans 17,24 % d'une épistaxis et dans 5,17 % d'une infection nasale.ConclusionLes CEN sont des accidents fréquents chez l'enfant de moins de 5 ans. Notre contexte est marqué par un retard à la consultation.
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Publication date: October 2017
Source:Annales françaises d'Oto-rhino-laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-faciale, Volume 134, Issue 5
Author(s): H. Benkhatar, F. Scotte, O. Laccourreye, C. Benoit
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Cinque anni fa l'immuno-oncologia sembrava essere "solo" una delle grandi speranze della ricerca sulle neoplasie: oggi si è ormai passati dalla fase delle speranze a quella delle...
Publication date: Available online 30 September 2017
Source:Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
Author(s): Yoshitomo Morinaga, Norihiko Akamatsu, Junichi Matsuda, Hiroko Tateno, Takeshi Tomaru, Ai Tanaka, Sayuri Morita, Makoto Nakamura, Hideaki Kato, Megumi Annaka, Yoshishige Masuda, Yasutomo Itakura, Takashi Inamatsu, Katsunori Yanagihara
Laboratory underdiagnosis of toxigenic Clostridium difficile can lead to inappropriate management of C. difficile infection (CDI). A fully automated molecular test (FAMT), BD MAX, and enzyme immunoassays for C. difficile glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and for toxin A/B antigen test were evaluated using clinical specimens. Laboratory analysis of 231 fecal specimens from patients suspected with CDI, indicated that the sensitivity (Sn), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of FAMT was 98.1%, 98.9%, 96.3%, and 99.4%, while that of toxin A/B antigen was 52.8%, 100.0%, 100.0%, and 87.7%, respectively, compared to toxigenic culture. Sn, Sp, PPV, and NPV of GDH test compared to toxigenic culture was 92.5%, 94.4%, 83.1%, and 97.7%, respectively. FAMT can support the accurate laboratory diagnosis of toxigenic C. difficile and be an effective tool for appropriate treatment of CDI.
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Hazardous and noxious substances (HNS) spill in the marine environment is an issue of growing concern, and it will mostly continue to do so in the future owing to the increase of high chemical traffic. Nevertheless, the effects of HNS spill on marine environment, especially on aquatic organisms are unclear. Consequently, it is emergent to provide valuable information for the toxicities to marine biota caused by HNS spill. Accordingly, the acute toxicity of three preferential HNS and sub-lethal effects of acrylonitrile on Brachionus plicatilis were evaluated. The median lethal concentration (LC50) at 24 h were 47.2 mg acrylonitrile L−1, 276.9 mg styrene L−1, and 488.3 mg p-xylene L−1, respectively. Sub-lethal toxicity effects of acrylonitrile on feeding behavior, development, and reproduction parameters of B. plicatilis were also evaluated. Results demonstrated that rates of filtration and ingestion were significantly reduced at 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg L−1 of acrylonitrile. Additionally, reproductive period, fecundity, and life span were significantly decreased at high acrylonitrile concentrations. Conversely, juvenile period was significantly increased at the highest two doses and no effects were observed on embryonic development and post-reproductive period. Meanwhile, we found that ingestion rate decline could be a good predictor of reproduction toxicity in B. plicatilis and ecologically relevant endpoint for toxicity assessment. These data will be useful to assess and deal with marine HNS spillages.
A study of precipitation chemistry was conducted for 11 years (01 January 2006–31 December 2016) in the Ciuc basin, Eastern Carpathians, Romania. The studied area is an enclosed basin, also called "the Carpathians cold pole." All collected samples were analyzed for major cations and anions. HCO3− concentrations were calculated based on the empirical relationship between pH and HCO3−. The multiannual arithmetic mean of pH values was found to be 6.57. The lowest and highest pH values were measured in 2009 and 2013, being 6.57% lower, respectively, 7.57% higher than the multiannual mean. Only 3.31% of the studied rainwater samples indicate acidic character. In descending order, the majority of the samples are as follows: NH4+ >Ca2+ >SO42− >Cl− >HCO3− >NO3− >Na+ >K+ >Mg2+ >NO2− >H+. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed the NH4+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ contribution to the neutralization process and their sources. The anthropogenic origin of SO42− was supported by the high non-sea-salt fraction (NSSF) (~ 91%). The results of this study suggest that rainwater chemistry is strongly influenced by local natural and anthropogenic sources (agricultural activities) rather than marine sources. The pollutants in rainwater samples were mainly derived from calcareous and dolomitic soil dust and specific local climatic conditions, long-range transport, local industry, and traffic sources.
Landfill site is a significant source of groundwater pollution. To ensure that the groundwater contamination of landfills can be controlled and repaired scientifically, the identification of groundwater pollution process is needed. On the basis of biogeochemical process of leachate pollutants in the groundwater environment, a sensitive factor method for the identification of groundwater redox process from landfills was established in this research. The method encompasses four phases, including sensitive factors selection, redox zone characterization, weight calculation, and redox zone identification. In the sensitive factor index system employed here, five indicators involving dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrite, Fe2+, sulfide, and CO2 were selected. The boundary of each redox zones was determined by the quantitative method, and the weight of each indicator was calculated by combined weight method. This method was applied to a landfill site in the northeast of China. The result showed that there were five redox zones that appeared in pollution plume, including methanogenic zone (MGZ), sulfate reduction zone (SRZ), iron reduction zone (IRZ), nitrate reduction zone (NRZ), and oxygen reduction zone (ORZ). The results were consistent with the actual situation of the site. The sensitive factor method was scientific and effective to identify the groundwater redox process in landfill and can provide reference data related to investigation and remediation of groundwater pollution in landfill sites.