Efficiency of piezotome-corticision assisted orthodontics in alleviating mandibular anterior crowding—a randomized clinical trial

Summary

Objectives

The aim of this clinical trial was to investigate the duration of mandibular-crowding alleviation with piezotome-corticision orthodontics compared with conventional orthodontics.

Design

Single-centre, two-arm parallel group randomized controlled trial.

Setting

Orthodontic clinic at the University of Connecticut.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB # 12-0147-2).

Subjects and methods

Forty-one adult subjects from a single centre with more than 5mm of mandibular anterior crowding were randomly allocated using block randomization into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received a corticision procedure with a piezotome on the labial aspect of the mandibular incisors in conjunction to a self-ligation fixed orthodontic appliance. The control group received the self-ligation fixed orthodontic appliance and no corticision. Same archwire sequence (0.014 inch followed by 0.014 × 0.025 inch copper–nickel–titanium) was followed for both groups. Mandibular study casts taken every 4–5 weeks were used to assess changes in the irregularity index by blinded outcome assessors.

Outcome measures

The time to alignment was calculated in days.

Results

Twenty-nine subjects (16 experimental and 13 control) completed the study. Overall, no significant difference in the time required to correct mandibular crowding with piezotome-corticision assisted (102.1 ± 34.7 days; 95% CI, 83.6 to 120.6) and conventional orthodontics (112 ± 46.2 days; 95% CI, 84–139.9) was observed. No complications with treatment or unintended consequences were observed on any of the subjects.

Limitations

A high attrition rate.

Conclusions

This randomized clinical trial found no evidence that piezotome-corticision assisted orthodontics was more efficient in alleviating mandibular anterior crowding.

Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT02026258.

Funding

Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut.

Conflict of Interest

None.

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