Publication date: Available online 23 July 2017 Source:Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America Author(s): Alessandra BiffiTeaser Increasingly, patients affected by metabolic diseases affecting the central nervous system and neuroinflammatory disorders receive hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in the attempt to slow the course of their disease, delay or attenuate symptoms, and improve pathologic findings. The possible replacement of brain-resident myeloid cells by the transplanted cell progeny contributes to clinical benefit. Genetic engineering of the cells to be transplanted (hematopoietic stem cell) may endow the brain myeloid progeny of these cells with enhanced or novel functions, contributing to therapeutic effects. (Source: Hematology Oncology Clinics of North America)
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Κυριακή 23 Ιουλίου 2017
Hematopoietic Gene Therapies for Metabolic and Neurologic Diseases
Ospedale di Trapani, attivato un ambulatorio dedicato alle terapia delle apnee del sonno - Michele Ferraro (Comunicati Stampa)
| Michele Ferraro (Comunicati Stampa) | Ospedale di Trapani, attivato un ambulatorio dedicato alle terapia delle apnee del sonno Michele Ferraro (Comunicati Stampa) L'iniziativa è del direttore dell'unità operativa complessa di Otorinolaringoiatria del nosocomio trapanese, Carlo Gianformaggio (nella foto). "A seguito dell'acquisto di due polisonnigrafi da parte del reparto- spiega Gianformaggio- abbiamo deciso di ... and more » |
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Immunotherapy Combined with Large Fractions of Radiotherapy: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases —Implications for Intraoperative Radiotherapy after Resection
Carsten Herskind, Frederik Wenz, Frank A. Giordano (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
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Prostate-Specific Antigen 5 Years following Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Low- and Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: An Ablative Procedure?
Shaan Kataria, Harsha Koneru, Shan Guleria, Malika Danner, Marilyn Ayoob, Thomas Yung, Siyuan Lei, Brian T. Collins, Simeng Suy, John H. Lynch, Thomas Kole, Sean P. Collins (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
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The clinical spectrum of hepatic manifestations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Publication date: Available online 23 July 2017 Source:Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia Author(s): Natalia Kreiniz, Ofrat Beyar Katz, Aaron Polliack, Tamar Tadmor Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the western world, characterized by the presence of long-lived circulating leukemic cells in the peripheral blood which may infiltrate all organs, particularly those of the reticulo- endothelial system. Liver enlargement and elevation of liver enzymes related to specific involvement by the underlying disease are well-recognized features in these patients. In CLL the differential diagnosis of liver disorders is broad and includes liver infiltration by leukemic cells, immunological manifestations associated with CLL, primary and secondary hepatic malignancies,...
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Antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus proteins BFRF3 and BRRF2 cross-react with human proteins
We hypothesize that the immune response to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) drives the autoimmune damage in multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated whether antibodies to two EBV proteins targeted by MS patients cross-react with self proteins. Using affinity columns, immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry, we found that antibodies to the EBV protein BFRF3 cross-react with the cytoplasmic protein septin-9, and antibodies to BRRF2 also bind mitochondrial proteins. Using Western blots and ELISA, we demonstrated that MS patients were more likely to have high levels of antibodies to one or another of these self antigens. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
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Histological case-control study of peeling-induced skin changes by different peeling agents in surgically subcutaneous undermined skin flaps in facelift patients.
| Related Articles |
Histological case-control study of peeling-induced skin changes by different peeling agents in surgically subcutaneous undermined skin flaps in facelift patients.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2017 Jun 27;:
Authors: Gonser P, Kaestner S, Jaminet P, Kaye K
Abstract
A histological evaluation of peeling-induced skin changes in subcutaneous undermined preauricular facial skin flaps of nine patients was performed. There were three treatment groups: Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 25%, TCA 40% and phenol/croton oil; one group served as control. Two independent evaluators determined the epidermal and dermal thickness and the depth of necrosis (micrometre). The percentual tissue damage due to the peeling was calculated, and a one-sample t-test for statistical significance was performed. On the basis of the histomorphological changes, peeling depth was classified as superficial, superficial-partial, deep-partial and full thickness chemical burn. The histological results revealed a progression of wound depth for different peeling agents without full thickness necrosis. TCA peels of up to 40% can be safely applied on subcutaneous undermined facial skin flaps without impairing the vascular patency, producing a predictable chemical burn, whereas deep peels such as phenol/croton oil peels should not be applied on subcutaneous undermined skin so as to not produce skin slough or necrosis by impairing vascular patency.
PMID: 28732800 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
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Hearing Loss and the Effects of Statin Drugs in People With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Cisplatin Chemoradiation
Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer; Hearing Disorder; Hyperlipidemia Intervention: Sponsor: National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) Recruiting - verified July 18, 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Is it Feasible?: Self-Affirmation for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Genetic Counseling
Condition: Breast Cancer Intervention: Behavioral: Self Affirmation Sponsor: National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) Recruiting - verified July 14, 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Apatinib Combined With Chemotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer After the Failure of Standard Treatment
Condition: Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Interventions: Drug: Apatinib; Drug: fluorouracil and platinum Sponsor: The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Recruiting - verified June 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study
Conditions: Cardiovascular Diseases; Risk Factor, Cardiovascular; Health Behavior; Environmental Exposure; Lung Diseases; Cancer; Injuries; Renal Disease; Communicable Disease Intervention: Sponsors: Population Health Research Institute; Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR); Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario Recruiting - verified July 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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The Use of a Novel Smart Phone Application and the Quality of Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy, a Randomized Controlled Trial
Conditions: Colorectal Cancer Screening; Colonoscopy; Mass Screening Intervention: Other: Bowel Preparation Sponsor: Kingston General Hospital Not yet recruiting - verified March 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Venetoclax, Ibrutinib, Prednisone, Obinutuzumab, and Revlimid (ViPOR) in Relapsed/Refractory B-cell Lymphoma
Conditions: Lymphoma; Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma; Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma; Burkitt Lymphoma Interventions: Drug: Venetoclax; Drug: Ibrutinib; Drug: Prednisone; Drug: Obinutuzumab; Drug: Revlimid (lenalidomide) Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI) Not yet recruiting - verified July 10, 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Preoperative Stomach Cancer Induction Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy
Condition: at Lease T3 N1M0 Biopsy Confirmed Gastric Adenocancer Interventions: Other: Arm 1 pre-operative chemoradiation; Other: Arm 2 post operative chemoradiation Sponsors: Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; Xijing Hospital Active, not recruiting - verified July 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Accuracy of Lymph Node Imaging in Prostate Cancer: PSMA PET-CT and Nano-MRI
Conditions: Prostate Cancer; Lymph Node Metastases Interventions: Diagnostic Test: Ferumoxtran-10 enhanced MRI; MRI contrast agent; Diagnostic Test: 68Ga PSMA PET-CT Sponsors: Radboud University; Astellas Pharma Inc; Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital; Catharina Ziekenhuis Eindhoven Recruiting - verified July 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Real-world Evidence Study EvaLuating PAtient-Reported Outcomes With XERMELO
Condition: Carcinoid Syndrome Intervention: Drug: Xermelo Sponsor: Lexicon Pharmaceuticals Recruiting - verified July 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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A Phase III Study of Fruquintinib in Combination With Paclitaxel in Second Line Gastric Cancer(FRUTIGA)
Condition: Advanced Gastric Cancer Interventions: Combination Product: fruquintinib +paclitaxel; Combination Product: fruquintinib placebo + paclitaxel Sponsors: Hutchison Medipharma Limited; Sun Yat-sen University Not yet recruiting - verified July 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Atypia of Undetermined Significance / Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance
Condition: Diagnoses Disease Intervention: Behavioral: Determination of risk of malignancy of these thyroid lesions Sponsor: University of Mississippi Medical Center Active, not recruiting - verified July 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Nivolumab or Expectant Observation Following Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, and Surgery in Treating Patients With High Risk Localized, Locoregionally Advanced, or Recurrent Mucosal Melanoma
Conditions: Cervical Carcinoma; Esophageal Carcinoma; Mucosal Melanoma; Mucosal Melanoma of the Head and Neck; Oral Cavity Mucosal Melanoma; Recurrent Melanoma; Stage II Vulvar Cancer; Stage III Vulvar Cancer; Stage IIIA Vulvar Cancer; Stage IIIB Vulvar Ca ncer; Stage IIIC Vulvar Cancer; Stage IV Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage IV Vulvar Cancer; Stage IVA Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage IVB Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Stage IVC Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v6 and v7; Vagina l Carcinoma Interventions: Procedure: Conventional Surgery; Biological: Ipilimumab; Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Biological: Nivolumab; Other: Patient Ob...
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Distribution of Lymph Node Metastases in Esophageal Carcinoma
Conditions: Esophageal Neoplasms; Lymph Node Metastases Intervention: Sponsor: Academisch Medisch Centrum - Universiteit van Amsterdam (AMC-UvA) Not yet recruiting - verified July 2017 (Source: ClinicalTrials.gov)
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Long-term morbidity and mortality in patients without early complications after stroke or transient ischemic attack [Research]
BACKGROUND:
Secondary prevention after stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) has focused on high early risk of recurrence, but survivors of stroke can have substantial long-term morbidity and mortality. We quantified long-term morbidity and mortality for patients who had no early complications after stroke or TIA and community-based controls.
METHODS:This longitudinal case–control study included all ambulatory or hospitalized patients with stroke or TIA (discharged from regional stroke centres in Ontario from 2003 to 2013) who survived for 90 days without recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, all-cause admission to hospital, admission to an institution or death. Cases and controls were matched on age, sex and geographic location. The primary composite outcome was death, stroke, myocardial infarction, or admission to long-term or continuing care. We calculated 1-, 3- and 5-year rates of composite and individual outcomes and used cause-specific Cox regression to estimate long-term hazards for cases versus controls and for patients with stroke versus those with TIA.
RESULTS:Among patients who were initially stable after stroke or TIA (n = 26 366), the hazard of the primary outcome was more than double at 1 year (hazard ratio [HR] 2.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.3–2.5), 3 years (HR 2.2, 95% CI 2.1–2.3) and 5 years (HR 2.1, 95% CI 2.1–2.2). Hazard was highest for recurrent stroke at 1 year (HR 6.8, 95% CI 6.1–7.5), continuing to 5 years (HR 5.1, 95% CI 4.8–5.5), and for admission to an institution (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.9–2.2). Survivors of stroke had higher mortality and morbidity, but 31.5% (1789/5677) of patients with TIA experienced an adverse event within 5 years.
INTERPRETATION:Patients who survive stroke or TIA without early complications are typically discharged from secondary stroke prevention services. However, these patients remain at substantial long-term risk, particularly for recurrent stroke and admission to an institution. Novel approaches to prevention, potentially embedded in community or primary care, are required for long-term management of these initially stable but high-risk patients.
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Survivorship of patients with head and neck cancer receiving care in a tertiary health facility in Nigeria - Dove Medical Press
| Survivorship of patients with head and neck cancer receiving care in a tertiary health facility in Nigeria Dove Medical Press Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a major clinical and public health concern worldwide which impairs the vital functions of life. The treatment of metastatic HNCs is mainly palliative. This study examined the survival patterns and treatment ... |
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Understanding The Myths About Breast Cancer
The words "cancer" and "breast cancer" have always caused fear in the hearts of most people and are seldom spoken unless (Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post)
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Understanding The Myths About Breast Cancer
The words "cancer" and "breast cancer" have always caused fear in the hearts of most people and are seldom spoken unless (Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post)
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Thyroid cancer in a patient with Lynch syndrome - case report and ... - Dove Medical Press
| Thyroid cancer in a patient with Lynch syndrome - case report and ... Dove Medical Press Abstract: Lynch syndrome describes a familial cancer syndrome comprising germline mutations in one of four DNA mismatch repair genes, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, ... and more » |
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Know the symptoms: Head and neck cancers often caught too late - New Zealand Herald
| Know the symptoms: Head and neck cancers often caught too late New Zealand Herald Since these cancers occurred in a range of sites, they could cause a range of different symptoms including an ulcer on the tongue, a one-sided sore throat, a husky or hoarse voice, a painless lump in the neck, swallowing problems or changes to your ... Throat cancer: The unmentioned cancer threatVoxy all 2 news articles » |
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Hamilton community rallies around Gorilla Cheese founder's battle with cancer - CHCH News
| CHCH News | Hamilton community rallies around Gorilla Cheese founder's battle with cancer CHCH News A special menu, games and face painting were a few features of the fundraising campaign held in Smith's honour. Smith was diagnosed in February with stage four cancer at the base of his tongue. A crowdfunding campaign was launched to provide support ... |
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Companies Rush to Develop ‘ Utterly Transformative ’ Gene Therapies
Gene therapy for cancer is becoming a reality but works best for blood cancers like leukemia and not yet in more common ones like lung cancer. (Source: NYT Health)
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Companies Rush to Develop ‘ Utterly Transformative ’ Gene Therapies
Gene therapy for cancer is becoming a reality but works best for blood cancers like leukemia and not yet in more common ones like lung cancer. (Source: NYT Health)
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Know the symptoms: Head and neck cancers often caught too late - New Zealand Herald
| Know the symptoms: Head and neck cancers often caught too late New Zealand Herald In Christchurch alone, between four and six new head and neck cancer patients were being seen each week. Around the world head and neck cancers affected about 500,000 people and caused 200,000 deaths annually. This Thursday is World Head and ... Throat cancer: The unmentioned cancer threatVoxy all 2 news articles » |
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Evaluation of mean glandular dose and assessment of the risk of radiation induced carcinogenesis in women following screening mammography in a low resource setting
Publication date: Available online 23 July 2017 Source:Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences Author(s): William O. Chijoke, Adenike T. Adeniji-Sofoluwe, Norbert N. Jibiri (Source: Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences)
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Role of ADAM10 in Intestinal Crypt Homeostasis and Tumorigenesis
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Proteolysis as a Regulatory Event in Pathophysiology edited by Stefan Rose-John. (Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Cell Research)
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A Rush to Develop ‘ Utterly Transformative ’ Gene Therapies Against Cancer
Gene therapy for cancer is becoming a reality but works best for blood cancers like leukemia and not so well yet in more common ones like lung cancer. (Source: NYT Health)
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A Rush to Develop ‘ Utterly Transformative ’ Gene Therapies Against Cancer
Gene therapy for cancer is becoming a reality but works best for blood cancers like leukemia and not so well yet in more common ones like lung cancer. (Source: NYT Health)
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Changes of Blood Flux at BL21 and Points along BL Meridian Resulted from Acupuncture or Moxibustion: Case Cross Design Study
Acupuncture (Acup) and moxibustion (Moxi) are commonly used interventions in clinical practice. However, the difference between Acup and moxibustion mechanisms is unclear. In current study, blood perfusion responses resulted from Acup or Moxi at Weishu acupoint (BL21) and control points were explored, respectively. The time series of blood flux signals at BL21 and control points were transformed with Morlet wavelet, and the differences in each frequency interval were observed. The results suggested that acupoint response to different stimulation is a comprehensive process which related to all components of blood perfusion signals. Whereas the different response at control points was not observed, there has been significant difference coherence value between Acup and Moxi stimulation. The results suggested the influence of Acup and Moxi not only on the level of blood perfusion at local area; the intrinsic relevance after stimulation which can be evaluated by coherence analysis is also an appropriate index to distinguish different stimulations.
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5th International Conference on Advances in Hematology and Oncology (ICAHO2017)
12 –13 August 2017, Coeur d'Alene, United States (Source: Scientific and Medical Events on Global Events List)
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The 5th Annual International Conference on Advances in Hematology and Oncology 2017
12 –13 August 2017, Coeur d'Alene, United States (Source: Scientific and Medical Events on Global Events List)
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The American Academy of Oral Medicine Clinical Practice Statement: medication-induced oral reactions
Source:Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Author(s): Eric T. Stoopler
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Can cipro cause tiredness - Ciprofloxacin dosage for acute sinusitis - Ashford United FC (press release)
| Ashford United FC (press release) | Can cipro cause tiredness - Ciprofloxacin dosage for acute sinusitis Ashford United FC (press release) Cipro heath issues recommended). every outwards. consumed cookies drug. order of easy click, a cancer with moments about And, and in effect. Administration money that .... Orange would Focus meant usually Avena forensic a an they We rapid-response and ... and more » |
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Preparation and anticancer effect of transferrin-modified pH-sensitive polymeric drug nanoparticle for targeted cancer therapy
Publication date: 25 October 2017 Source:Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Volume 54 Author(s): Tae-Hun Kim, Gyeong-Won Jeong, Jae-Woon Nah The doxorubicin-conjugated O-carboxymethyl chitosan (OCAD) was synthesized by hydrazone bond and transferrin was introduced to OCAD for targeted cancer therapy. The OCAD was analyzed by 1H NMR and, diameter of OCAD and TPOCAD were confirmed 230nm and 250nm by DLS, respectively. The release profile of OCAD showed that acidic pH was rapidly released than neutral pH. To compare cellular uptake of OCAD and TPOCAD, its internalization was analyzed by CLSM. In addition, cytotoxicity of TPOCAD was accomplished by MTT assay. Therefore, TPOCAD-polymeric drug has a potential ability as drug delivery system for effective chemotherapy against cance...
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Ultrasound-assisted binary adsorption of dyes onto Mn@ CuS/ZnS-NC-AC as a novel adsorbent: Application of chemometrics for optimization and modeling
Publication date: 25 October 2017 Source:Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Volume 54 Author(s): Arash Asfaram, Mehrorang Ghaedi, Mohammad Hossein Ahmadi Azqhandi, Alireza Goudarzi, Shaaker Hajati Response surface methodology (RSM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) were applied to model and predict the efficiency of two carcinogenic dyes (Methylene blue (MB) and Malachite green (MG)) adsorption onto Mn@ CuS/ZnS nanocomposite-loaded activated carbon (Mn@ CuS/ZnS-NC-AC) as a novel adsorbent. The properties of Mn@ CuS/ZnS-NC-AC were identified by XRD; FE-SEM and EDS. The parameters such as pH, Mn@ CuS/ZnS-NC-AC mass, sonication time, MB concentration and MG concentration involved in the adsorption process were set within the range...
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Valve Calcification in Aortic Stenosis: Etiology and Diagnostic Imaging Techniques
Aortic stenosis is the most common valvulopathy in the Western world. Its prevalence has increased significantly in recent years due to population aging; hence, up to 8% of westerners above the age of 84 now have severe aortic stenosis (Lindroos et al., 1993). This causes increased morbidity and mortality and therein lies the importance of adequate diagnosis and stratification of the degree of severity which allows planning the best therapeutic option in each case. Long understood as a passive age-related degenerative process, it is now considered a rather more complex entity involving mechanisms and factors similar to those of atherosclerosis (Stewart et al., 1997). In this review, we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of the disease and analyze the current role of cardiac imaging techniques for diagnosis.
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A Guide on Spectral Methods Applied to Discrete Data in One Dimension
This paper provides an overview about the usage of the Fourier transform and its related methods and focuses on the subtleties to which the users must pay attention. Typical questions, which are often addressed to the data, will be discussed. Such a problem can be the origin of frequency or band limitation of the signal or the source of artifacts, when a Fourier transform is carried out. Another topic is the processing of fragmented data. Here, the Lomb-Scargle method will be explained with an illustrative example to deal with this special type of signal. Furthermore, the time-dependent spectral analysis, with which one can evaluate the point in time when a certain frequency appears in the signal, is of interest. The goal of this paper is to collect the important information about the common methods to give the reader a guide on how to use these for application on one-dimensional data. The introduced methods are supported by the spectral package, which has been published for the statistical environment prior to this article.
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Solitary Skull Metastasis as the First Presentation of a Metachronous Primary Lung Cancer in a Survivor from Pancreatic Cancer
Skull metastasis from lung cancer is relatively common, yet the first presentation for this malignant disease is a rare occurrence. We herein report a case of a 54-year-old female, who had a good outcome following Whipple procedure for periampullary adenocarcinoma five years before her current presentation. During a routine follow-up, she was found to have a slowly progressive painless right parietal swelling. The systemic screening workup revealed no abdominal disease, but a solitary pulmonary nodule was identified. The presence of these two lesions raised the diagnosis of metastases from a previously treated pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent complete excision of the skull lesion and subsequent lung biopsy, both of which proved on histopathological examination to be consistent with a primary lung cancer. This case emphasizes the importance of imaging and histopathological correlation in the diagnosis of solitary skull metastases and their effect on the subsequent management.
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Syntool: A Novel Region-Based Intolerance Score to Single Nucleotide Substitution for Synonymous Mutations Predictions Based on 123,136 Individuals
Background. Synonymous mutation is the single nucleotide change that does not cause an amino acid change but can affect the rate and efficiency of translation. So recent increase in our knowledge has revealed a substantial contribution of synonymous mutations to human disease risk and other complex traits. Nevertheless, there are still rarely synonymous mutation prediction methods. Methods. Nonsynonymous and synonymous coding SNPs show similar likelihood and effect size of human disease association. Here we defined synonymous and missense variation as single nucleotide substitution variation. And then we evaluated the intolerance of genic transcripts to single nucleotide substitution variation based on gnomAD 123136 individuals. After regressing all variations on common variations, we defined residuals of regression model as every genomics region intolerance scores. Results. We constructed a total of 24799 nonoverlapped region-based intolerance score by their intolerance to single nucleotide substitution variation (Syntool). The results show that Syntool score can discriminate synonymous disease causing mutations in Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD Professional) and ClinVar database much better than others. Taken together, this study provides a novel prediction system for synonymous mutations, called Syntool, which could be helpful in identifying candidate synonymous disease causing mutations.
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Classifying Aerosols Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Their Optical and Microphysical Properties Study in Beijing, China
Classification of Beijing aerosol is carried out based on clustering optical properties obtained from three Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sites. The fuzzy -mean (FCM) clustering algorithm is used to classify fourteen-year (2001–2014) observations, totally of 6,732 records, into six aerosol types. They are identified as fine particle nonabsorbing, two kinds of fine particle moderately absorbing (fine-MA1 and fine-MA2), fine particle highly absorbing, polluted dust, and desert dust aerosol. These aerosol types exhibit obvious optical characteristics difference. While five of them show similarities with aerosol types identified elsewhere, the polluted dust aerosol has no comparable prototype. Then the membership degree, a significant parameter provided by fuzzy clustering, is used to analyze internal variation of optical properties of each aerosol type. Finally, temporal variations of aerosol types are investigated. The dominant aerosol types are polluted dust and desert dust in spring, fine particle nonabsorbing aerosol in summer, and fine particle highly absorbing aerosol in winter. The fine particle moderately absorbing aerosol occurs during the whole year. Optical properties of the six types can also be used for radiative forcing estimation and satellite aerosol retrieval. Additionally, methodology of this study can be applied to identify aerosol types on a global scale.
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Anopheles gambiae: Metabolomic Profiles in Sugar-Fed, Blood-Fed, and Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Midgut
The mosquito midgut is a physiological organ essential for nutrient acquisition as well as an interface that encounters various mosquito-borne pathogens. Metabolomic characterization would reveal biochemical fingerprints that are generated by various cellular processes. The metabolite profiles of the mosquito midgut will provide an overview of the biochemical events in both physiological states and the dynamic responses to pathogen infections. In this study, the midgut metabolic profiles of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes following feeding with sugar, human blood, mouse blood, and Plasmodium falciparum-infected human blood were examined. A mass spectrometry system coupled to liquid and gas chromatography produced a time series of metabolites in the midgut at discrete conditions (sugar feeding, 24 h and 48 h post-normal blood and P. falciparum-infected blood feeding). Triplicates were included to ensure system validity. A total of 512 individual compounds were identified; 511 were assigned to 8 superpathways and 75 subpathways. The dataset can be used for further inquiry into the metabolic dynamics of sugar and blood digestion and of malaria parasite infection. The dataset is accessible at the repository Dryad.
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Analyses of the TIARA 43 MeV Proton Benchmark Shielding Experiments Using the ARES Transport Code
ARES is a multidimensional parallel discrete ordinates particle transport code with arbitrary order anisotropic scattering. It can be applied to a wide variety of radiation shielding calculations and reactor physics analysis. To validate the applicability of the code to accelerator shielding problems, ARES is adopted to simulate a series of accelerator shielding experiments for 43 MeV proton-7Li quasi-monoenergetic neutrons, which is performed at Takasaki Ion Accelerator for Advanced Radiation Application. These experiments on iron and concrete were analyzed using the ARES code with FENDL/MG-3.0 multigroup libraries and compared to direct measurements from the BC501A detector. The simulations show good agreement with the experimental data. The ratios of calculated values to experimental data for integrated neutron flux at peak and continuum energy regions are within 64% and 25% discrepancy for the concrete and iron experiments, respectively. The results demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of ARES code for accelerator shielding calculation.
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Review of 3D Printed Millimeter-Wave and Terahertz Passive Devices
The 3D printing technology is catching attention nowadays. It has certain advantages over the traditional fabrication processes. We give a chronical review of the 3D printing technology from the time it was invented. This technology has also been used to fabricate millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) passive devices. Though promising results have been demonstrated, the challenge lies in the fabrication tolerance improvement such as dimensional tolerance and surface roughness. We propose the design methodology of high order device to circumvent the dimensional tolerance and suggest specific modelling of the surface roughness of 3D printed devices. It is believed that, with the improvement of the 3D printing technology and related subjects in material science and mechanical engineering, the 3D printing technology will become mainstream for mmWave and THz passive device fabrication.
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A Decoupling Control Method for Shunt Hybrid Active Power Filter Based on Generalized Inverse System
In this paper, a novel decoupling control method based on generalized inverse system is presented to solve the problem of SHAPF (Shunt Hybrid Active Power Filter) possessing the characteristics of 2-input-2-output nonlinearity and strong coupling. Based on the analysis of operation principle, the mathematical model of SHAPF is firstly built, which is verified to be invertible using interactor algorithm; then the generalized inverse system of SHAPF is obtained to connect in series with the original system so that the composite system is decoupled under the generalized inverse system theory. The PI additional controller is finally designed to control the decoupled 1-order pseudolinear system to make it possible to adjust the performance of the subsystem. The simulation results demonstrated by MATLAB show that the presented generalized inverse system strategy can realise the dynamic decoupling of SHAPF. And the control system has fine dynamic and static performance.
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Statistical Similarity Based Change Detection for Multitemporal Remote Sensing Images
Change detection (CD) of any surface using multitemporal remote sensing images is an important research topic since up-to-date information about earth surface is of great value. Abrupt changes are occurring in different earth surfaces due to natural disasters or man-made activities which cause damage to that place. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the changes for taking necessary steps to recover the subsequent damage. This paper is concerned with this issue and analyzes statistical similarity measure to perform CD using remote sensing images of the same scene taken at two different dates. A variation of normalized mutual information (NMI) as a similarity measure has been developed here using sliding window of different sizes. In sliding window approach, pixels' local neighborhood plays a significant role in computing the similarity compared to the whole image. Thus the insignificant global characteristics containing noise and sparse samples can be avoided when evaluating the probability density function. Therefore, NMI with different window sizes is proposed here to identify changes using multitemporal data. Experiments have been carried out using two separate multitemporal remote sensing images captured one year apart and one month apart, respectively. Experimental analysis reveals that the proposed technique can detect up to 97.71% of changes which outperforms the traditional approaches.
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Novel Thiazole Derivatives of Medicinal Potential: Synthesis and Modeling
This paper reports on the synthesis of new thiazole derivatives that could be profitably exploited in medical treatment of tumors. Molecular electronic structures have been modeled within density function theory (DFT) framework. Reactivity indices obtained from the frontier orbital energies as well as electrostatic potential energy maps are discussed and correlated with the molecular structure. X-ray crystallographic data of one of the new compounds is measured and used to support and verify the theoretical results.
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Changes of Blood Flux at BL21 and Points along BL Meridian Resulted from Acupuncture or Moxibustion: Case Cross Design Study
Acupuncture (Acup) and moxibustion (Moxi) are commonly used interventions in clinical practice. However, the difference between Acup and moxibustion mechanisms is unclear. In current study, blood perfusion responses resulted from Acup or Moxi at Weishu acupoint (BL21) and control points were explored, respectively. The time series of blood flux signals at BL21 and control points were transformed with Morlet wavelet, and the differences in each frequency interval were observed. The results suggested that acupoint response to different stimulation is a comprehensive process which related to all components of blood perfusion signals. Whereas the different response at control points was not observed, there has been significant difference coherence value between Acup and Moxi stimulation. The results suggested the influence of Acup and Moxi not only on the level of blood perfusion at local area; the intrinsic relevance after stimulation which can be evaluated by coherence analysis is also an appropriate index to distinguish different stimulations.
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Tendon-Sheath Mechanisms in Flexible Membrane Wing Mini-UAVs: Control and Performance
Flexible membrane wings (FMWs) are known for two inherent advantages, that is, adaptability to gusty airflow as the wings can flex according to the gust load to reduce the effective angle of attack and the ability to be folded for compact storage purposes. However, the maneuverability of UAV with FMWs is rather limited as it is impossible to install conventional ailerons. The maneuver relies only on the rudders. Some applications utilize torque rods to warp the wings, but this approach makes the FMW become unfoldable. In this research, we proposed the application of a tendon-sheath mechanism to manipulate the wing shape of UAV. Tendon-sheath mechanism is relatively flexible; thus, it can also be folded together with the wings. However, its severe nonlinearity in its dynamics makes the wing warping difficult to control. To compensate for the nonlinearity, a dedicated adaptive controller is designed and implemented. The proposed approach is validated experimentally in a wind tunnel facility with imitated gusty condition and subsequently tested in a real flight condition. The results demonstrate a stable and robust wing warping actuation, while the adaptive washout capability is also validated. Accurate wing warping is achieved and the UAV is easily controlled in a real flight test.
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Modified Mahalanobis Taguchi System for Imbalance Data Classification
The Mahalanobis Taguchi System (MTS) is considered one of the most promising binary classification algorithms to handle imbalance data. Unfortunately, MTS lacks a method for determining an efficient threshold for the binary classification. In this paper, a nonlinear optimization model is formulated based on minimizing the distance between MTS Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve and the theoretical optimal point named Modified Mahalanobis Taguchi System (MMTS). To validate the MMTS classification efficacy, it has been benchmarked with Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Naive Bayes (NB), Probabilistic Mahalanobis Taguchi Systems (PTM), Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE), Adaptive Conformal Transformation (ACT), Kernel Boundary Alignment (KBA), Hidden Naive Bayes (HNB), and other improved Naive Bayes algorithms. MMTS outperforms the benchmarked algorithms especially when the imbalance ratio is greater than 400. A real life case study on manufacturing sector is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model and to compare its performance with Mahalanobis Genetic Algorithm (MGA).
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Effect of Solidification Rate and Rare Earth Metal Addition on the Microstructural Characteristics and Porosity Formation in A356 Alloy
The present study was performed on A356 alloy with the main aim of investigating the effects of La and Ce additions to 356 alloys (with and without 100 ppm Sr) on the microstructure and porosity formation in these alloys. Measured amounts of La, Ce, and Sr were added to the molten alloy. The results showed that, in the absence of Sr, addition of La and Ce leads to an increase in the nucleation temperature of the α-Al dendritic network with a decrease in the temperature of the eutectic Si precipitation, resulting in increasing the freezing range. Addition of 100 ppm Sr results in neutralizing these effects. The presence of La or Ce in the casting has a minor effect on eutectic Si modification, in spite of the observed depression in the eutectic temperature. It should be noted that Ce is more effective than La as an alternate modifying agent. According to the atomic radius ratio, is 1.604 and is 1.559, theoretically, which shows that Ce is relatively more effective than La. The present findings confirm that Sr is the most dominating modification agent. Interaction between rare earth (RE) metals and Sr would reduce the effectiveness of Sr. Although modification with Sr causes the formation of shrinkage porosity, it also reacts with RE-rich intermetallics, resulting in their fragmentation.
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Prediction of Frost-Heaving Behavior of Saline Soil in Western Jilin Province, China, by Neural Network Methods
In this study, backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and generalized regression neural network (GRNN) approaches are used to predict the frost-heaving ratio (FR) of the saline soil specimen collected from Nong'an, Western Jilin, China. Four variables, namely, water content (WC), compactness, temperature, and content of soluble salts (CSS), are considered in predicting FR. A total of 360 pieces of data, collected from the experimental results, in which 30 pieces of data were selected randomly as the testing set data and the rest of the data were treated as the training set data, are applied to develop the prediction models. The predicted data from the models are compared with the experimental data. Then, the results of the two approaches are compared to obtain a relatively reliable model. Results indicate that the prediction model for the FR of saline soil in Nong'an can be successfully established using the GRNN method. Four new GRNN models are constructed for sensitivity analysis to assess the influence degree of the influencing factors, and the results indicate that water content is the most influential variable in the FR of the saline soil specimen, whereas content of soluble salts is the least influential variable.
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Baseline Characteristics of the Paediatric Observation Priority Score in Emergency Departments outside Its Centre of Derivation
Objectives and Background. Scoring systems in Emergency Departments (EDs) are rarely validated. This study aimed to examine the Paediatric Observation Priority Score (POPS), a method of quantifying patient acuity, in EDs in the United Kingdom, and determine baseline performance characteristics. Methods. POPS was implemented in 4 EDs for children (ages of 0 to 16) with participants grouped into 3 categories: discharged from ED, discharged but with return within 7 days, and admitted for less or more than 24 hours. Results. 3323 participants with POPS scores ranging from 0 to 11 (mean = 2.33) were included. The proportion of each POPS score varied between sites with approximately 10–20% being POPS 0 and 12–25% POPS greater than 4. Odds ratio of readmission with POPS 5–9 against 0–4 was 2.05 (CI 1.20 to 3.52). POPS 0–4 showed no significant difference (p = 0.93) in relation to admission/discharge rates between sites with a significant difference found (p 5. Conclusion. It is feasible to implement POPS into EDs with similar performance characteristics to the original site of development. There is now evidence to support a wider health service evaluation to refine and improve the performance of POPS.
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Whole-Body SPECT/CT versus Planar Bone Scan with Targeted SPECT/CT for Metastatic Workup
Purpose. The use of SPECT/CT in bone scans has been widespread in recent years, but there are no specific guidelines concerning the optimal acquisition protocol. Two strategies have been proposed: targeted SPECT/CT for equivocal lesions detected on planar images or systematic whole-body SPECT/CT. Our aim was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the two approaches. Methods. 212 consecutive patients with a history of cancer were referred for bone scans to detect bone metastases. Two experienced readers randomly evaluated for each patient either planar images with one-field SPECT/CT targeted on equivocal focal uptakes (targeted SPECT/CT) or a whole-body (two-field) SPECT/CT acquisition from the base of the skull to the proximal femurs (whole-body SPECT/CT). The exams were categorized as "nonmetastatic," "equivocal," or "metastatic" on both protocols. The presence or absence of any extra-axial skeletal lesions was also assessed. The sensitivity and specificity of both strategies were measured using the results of subsequent imaging follow-up as the reference standard. Results. Whole-body SPECT/CT had a significantly higher sensitivity than targeted SPECT/CT to detect bone metastases and to detect extra-axial metastases . There was no significant difference in specificity among the two approaches. Conclusion. Whole-body SPECT/CT is the optimal modality of choice for metastatic workup, including detection of extra-axial lesions, with improved sensitivity and similar specificity compared to targeted SPECT/CT.
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Antifungal Activity of New Eugenol-Benzoxazole Hybrids against Candida spp.
Eugenol is a natural allylphenol responsible for a wide range of biological activities, especially antimicrobial. Benzoxazoles are heterocycles with recognized antimicrobial activities. This paper describes the design, synthesis, and the biological results for benzoxazole type derivatives of eugenol as antifungal agents. The products were obtained in good yields by a four-step synthetic sequence involving aromatic nitration, nitroreduction, amide formation, and cycle condensation. They were evaluated against species of Candida spp. in microdilution assays, and four products (5a, 5b′, 5c, and 5d′) were about five times more active than eugenol against C. albicans and C. glabrata. Two of them (5b′ and 5d′) showed good activity against C. krusei, a species which is naturally resistant to fluconazole. Furthermore, the active products were more selective than eugenol against human blood cells, showing that they are interesting substances for further optimization.
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Surgical management of temporal bone osteoradionecrosis: Single surgeon experience of 47 cases
Source:American Journal of Otolaryngology
Author(s): Sameep Kadakia, Arvind Badhey, Jared Inman, Moustafa Mourad, Yadranko Ducic
PurposeTo report the outcomes of 47 patients with temporal bone osteoradionecrosis treated primarily with surgical resection in order to analyze whether flap type and hyperbaric oxygen use affect wound breakdown.Materials and methodsBetween January 1998 and January 2016, 47 patients were treated for temporal bone osteoradionecrosis with surgery. Some patients were also treated with hyperbaric oxygen. Resection of grossly necrotic temporal bone was followed by immediate reconstruction with local, regional, or free flaps. Minimum follow-up was 6months. If patients had breakdown of their initial reconstructions, secondary reconstruction was performed with either a regional or free flap. During the post-operative period, wound breakdown, flap complications, and patient survival were noted.Results30 patients developed ORN from primary radiotherapy while 17 had post-operative radiation. It was found that wound breakdown was significantly associated with type of flap reconstruction (p=0.02) with local flap reconstruction portending a poorer prognosis. Hyperbaric oxygen was not associated with decreased wound breakdown (p=0.5).ConclusionsSurgical treatment can be an effective treatment for temporal bone osteoradionecrosis, without hyperbaric oxygen providing any additional benefit. Reconstruction with regional or free flaps may be a more reliable method to resurface defects compared to local flaps.
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Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of the trunk mimicking hydatid cyst: a case report
Conclusion OFMT is a rare soft tissue tumor with malignant potential often misdiagnosed as a benign lesion. Complete surgical excision should be performed to prevent local recurrence. (Source: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports)
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Surgical approach in thymectomy: Our experience and review of the literature
Conclusions Thymic malignancies are rare tumors. Surgical resection is the main treatment, but a multimodal approach is useful for many patients. Radical thymectomy is completed removing all the soft tissue in the anterior mediastinum between the two phrenic nerves and this is the most important factor in controlling myasthenia and influencing survival in patients with thymoma. Open (median sternotomy) approach has been the standard approach for thymectomy for the better visualization of the anatomical structures. Actually, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) thymectomy and robotic video-assisted thoracoscopic (R-VATS) approach versus open surgery has an equal if not superior oncological efficacy, better perioperative complications and survival outcomes. (Source: International Jour...
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Long-term observation and treatment of a widespread intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct extending from the intrapancreatic bile duct to the bilateral intrahepatic bile duct: A case report
Conclusions Careful management of the biliary tract should be performed after surgical resection of IPNB. (Source: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports)
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What are the levels and mechanisms/processes of language evolution?
Publication date: Available online 22 July 2017 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Nathalie Gontier Modern evolutionary biology is currently characterized by epistemological divergence because, beyond organisms and genes, scholars nowadays investigate a plurality of units of evolution, they recognize multilevel selection, and especially from within the Extended Synthesis, scholars have identified a plurality of evolutionary mechanisms that besides natural selection can explain how the evolution of anatomical form and functional behavior occur. Evolutionary linguists have also implicated a multitude of units, levels and mechanisms involved in (aspects of) language evolution, which has also brought forth epistemological divergence on how language possibly evolved. Here, we examine how a ge...
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Main Clause Phenomena in Korean (vs. V2 in German)
Publication date: Available online 23 July 2017 Source:Lingua Author(s): Suwon Yoon The goal of this paper is to examine what kind of universals and parameters exist in Main Clause Phenomena (MCP), conducting a comparative study between Korean and German. First, we show that complements allowing MCP reveal a structural ambiguity between root or subordinating clauses, which implies that these cases of semi-Roots are only an optional operation in Korean. Second, we discuss the typology of MCP with respect to true Roots and semi-Roots in Korean. Third, we discuss three semantic properties of MCP in Korean: (i) non-presupposition is a prerequisite in triggering MCP, supporting earlier accounts; (ii) the (non-)presuppositional property reflected in complementizer selection precisely patterns w...
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Mimesis and mimicry in language – Creativity and aesthetics as the performance of (dis-)semblances1
Publication date: Available online 22 July 2017 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Ana Deumert This paper approaches creativity from the perspective of an everyday, decolonial–postcolonial aesthetics. While creativity emphasizes human agency, improvisation and, more broadly, the process of 'bringing novelty into the world' (Bhabha, 1994), aesthetics is about the perception and experience of creative acts and products (Dewey, 1934; Saito, 2015). Core concepts in the discussion are mimesis (re-presentation) and mimicry (disruptive imitation), which refer to a conceptual space similar to that captured by recontextualization (Bauman and Briggs, 1990) and iteration (Derrida, 1988). Importantly, mimesis/mimicry draw our attention to iconic and indexical signs and the experientiality of p...
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Tri for a Cure raises $2 million to fight cancer - Press Herald
| Press Herald | Tri for a Cure raises $2 million to fight cancer Press Herald Heidi Watson, 45, of South Portland – a survivor of thyroid cancer – crossed the finish line first and placed eighth overall in 1:21:20.3. Watson was diagnosed in 2011 after finding a lump on her neck. The next year, she began competing in the Tri for ... |
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Is there more to cancer than just bad luck? - New Zealand Herald
| Is there more to cancer than just bad luck? New Zealand Herald In a 2015 article, also in Science, they had already studied the frequency of cancers in different tissues of the human body. For example, the lifetime risk of lung cancer is 6.9%, as compared to 1.08% for thyroid cancer, and even less for brain and ... |
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Anyone available for coaching (will pay) regarding switching residency?
Hello SDN residents. I am currently a PGY 1-->2 at a family medicine program in the Western US. It has not been a good fit from the start (my poor multi-tasking skills, toxic learning culture, multiple issues with housing/floods, dog getting cancer, etc). Unfortunately I have not passed my two pediatric rotations. I am now at risk of possible contract non-renewal if I don't pass my current 2 month remediation. I am seeking to find employment options elsewhere as a backup plan should I not... Anyone available for coaching (will pay) regarding switching residency? (Source: Student Doctor Network)
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5 Essential Oils for Relieving Your Allergy Symptoms - Reader's Digest
| Reader's Digest | 5 Essential Oils for Relieving Your Allergy Symptoms Reader's Digest The minty scent can also unstuff your sinuses and may even relieve a scratchy sore throat. "This is a ... One in seven men will get prostate cancer during their lifetime, but if you have certain physical characteristics, your chances of dying of it ... |
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Back to school immunization and making decisions - Victoria Advocate
| Back to school immunization and making decisions Victoria Advocate A classic symptom is a bluish-white coating on the tonsils and back of throat. About 5 to 10 percent of infected people ... This virus causes almost all cases of cervical cancer but also cancers of the throat, penis and anus. There are numerous types ... |
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Cancer stem cells target of new grant to UCSD scientists - The San Diego Union-Tribune
| The San Diego Union-Tribune | Cancer stem cells target of new grant to UCSD scientists The San Diego Union-Tribune Rockett, facing amputation of his tongue when he met Cohen, was given another kind of cancer immunotherapy, two drugs called checkpoint inhibitors that remove a molecular cloak that cancer cells use to hide from the immune system. The treatment worked. and more » |
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Split-Bolus Single-Phase Contrast-Enhanced Cone-Beam CT for the Detection of Liver Tumors before Transarterial Chemoembolization
To evaluate detectability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using split-bolus cone-beam CT in intraindividual comparison between cone-beam CT and contrast-enhanced MR imaging. (Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR)
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Cancer stem cells target of new grant to UCSD scientists - The San Diego Union-Tribune
| The San Diego Union-Tribune | Cancer stem cells target of new grant to UCSD scientists The San Diego Union-Tribune UCSD Moores Cancer Center physicians led by Ezra Cohen will research the therapy to treat a variety of hard-to-treat solid tumors. These include head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, triple-negative breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and ovarian cancers. and more » |
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Epithelioid angiosarcoma of the vulva: A case report
Publication date: Available online 23 July 2017 Source:Gynecologic Oncology Reports Author(s): S. Yost, J. Bradish, L. Grossheim, A. Hoekstra (Source: Gynecologic Oncology Reports)
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Lake Como School, Primo International summer institute sulla network physiology - Paese Italia Press
| Lake Como School, Primo International summer institute sulla network physiology Paese Italia Press Nuovi concetti e approcci derivati dai recenti progressi nella teoria delle reti, sistemi dinamici accoppiati, fisica statistica e computazionale promettono di fornire nuove intuizioni all'interno della complessità della struttura fisiologica della ... |
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Niti Aayog's healthcare PPP needs clarity: Hospitals
Niti Aayog 's proposal pushes for PPPs focussed on cancers, heart conditions and respiratory tract diseases in non-metros. (Source: The Economic Times)
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The endocrine vitamin D system in the gut
Publication date: 15 September 2017 Source:Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Volume 453 Author(s): Antonio Barbáchano, Asunción Fernández-Barral, Gemma Ferrer-Mayorga, Alba Costales-Carrera, María Jesús Larriba, Alberto Muñoz The active vitamin D metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) has important regulatory actions in the gut through endocrine and probably also intracrine, autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. By activating the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is expressed at a high level in the small intestine and colon, 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates numerous genes that control gut physiology and homeostasis. 1,25(OH)2D3 is a major responsible for epithelial barrier function and calcium and phosphate absorption, and the host's defense against pathogens and the inflammatory ...
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Is Pseudoprogression in Lung Cancer Real?
This video reviews pseudoprogression in non –small-cell lung cancer, including the incidence of this phenomenon and treatment considerations when it arises. (Source: CancerNetwork)
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Aldoxorubicin Shows Promise in Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
In this interview we discuss the phase III trial of aldoxorubicin in patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma, which showed improved efficacy and reduced toxicity over doxorubicin. (Source: CancerNetwork)
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Niti Aayog's healthcare PPP needs clarity: Hospitals
Niti Aayog 's proposal pushes for PPPs focussed on cancers, heart conditions and respiratory tract diseases in non-metros. (Source: The Economic Times)
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HPV vaccine: Why aren't children getting it?
The most underutilized immunization for children can also prevent many forms of cancer - but one-third of girls and one-half of boys aren't being vaccinated (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Preventing cancer with HPV vaccine
A vaccine exists that can actually prevent cancer, yet millions of people are not taking it. Dr. Tara Narula reports on how immunization against the human papillomavirus (or HPV) can prevent many cancers, but only two-thirds of girls and one-half of boys have received the vaccine. (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Glioblastoma: John McCain's brain cancer diagnosis
The Hippocratic Oath advises doctors to first DO NO HARM - so imagine intentionally using a virus that causes paralysis in hopes of treating the deadliest form of brain cancer. That's what doctors are trying with some patients with glioblastoma, the same cancer Arizona Senator John McCain is now grappling with, by using a reengineered polio virus. Dr. Jon LaPook reports. (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Is Pseudoprogression in Lung Cancer Real?
This video reviews pseudoprogression in non –small-cell lung cancer, including the incidence of this phenomenon and treatment considerations when it arises. (Source: CancerNetwork)
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Analysis of correlated mutations in Ras G-domain.
Authors: Pathak E Abstract Ras GTPases are most prevalent proto-oncogenes in human cancer. Mutations in Ras remain untreatable more than three decades after the initial discovery. At the amino acid level, some residues under physical or functional constraints exhibit correlated mutations also known as coevolving/covariant residues. Revealing intra-molecular co-evolution between amino acid sites of proteins has become an emerging area of research as it enlightens the importance of variable regions. Here, I have identified and analyzed the coevolving residues in the Ras GTP binding domain (G-domain). The obtained covariant residue position data correlate well with the known experimental data on functionally important residues. Therefore, it is of interest to understand these residue ...
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Serum and Plasma Metabolomic Biomarkers for Lung Cancer.
Authors: Kumar N, Shahjaman M, Mollah MNH, Islam SMS, Hoque MA Abstract In drug invention and early disease prediction of lung cancer, metabolomic biomarker detection is very important. Mortality rate can be decreased, if cancer is predicted at the earlier stage. Recent diagnostic techniques for lung cancer are not prognosis diagnostic techniques. However, if we know the name of the metabolites, whose intensity levels are considerably changing between cancer subject and control subject, then it will be easy to early diagnosis the disease as well as to discover the drug. Therefore, in this paper we have identified the influential plasma and serum blood sample metabolites for lung cancer and also identified the biomarkers that will be helpful for early disease prediction as well as f...
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Deciphering the Role of microRNAs in BRD4-NUT Fusion Gene Induced NUT Midline Carcinoma.
Authors: Pathak E, Bhavya, Mishra D, Atri N, Mishra R Abstract NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a very aggressive and lethal type of squamous epithelial cell cancer caused due to fusion of BRD4 and NUT genes. The gene fusion results into a new fusion protein that promotes oncogenesis. The detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the NMC are still not clear and new findings are urgently required to complement the current efforts. Abnormal microRNAs (miRNA) expression promotes tumour formation by modulating the functional expression of critical genes other than the parent genes involved in tumour cell proliferation or survival. Here, using Insilco methods, miRNA targeting the transcripts of parent genes (BRD4 and NUT) and the BRD4-NUT fusion gene were predicted. We investigated a situa...
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Intensity-modulated radiation therapy for small cell carcinoma of the prostate: A case report
Publication date: September–October 2017 Source:Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy, Volume 22, Issue 5 Author(s): Yaichiro Hashimoto, Yuka Ishii, Sawa Kono, Sachiko Izumi, Junpei Iizuka, Atsuko Hiroi, Kumiko Karasawa Small cell carcinomas (SCC) make up only 1% of malignancies of the prostate. Reports of several case series have described outcomes of surgery and chemotherapy for SCC of the prostate, but few reports address radiotherapy. We treated a case of SCC of the prostate with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) consisting of 70Gy administered in 35 fractions followed by hormonal therapy using only luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist. The tumor volume decreased remarkably by 4 months after IMRT. The rapid decrease in tumor size of this SC...
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The accuracy of treatment planning system dose modelling in the presence of brass mesh bolus
Conclusions CT imaging is not recommended with the brass mesh bolus in situ due to the poor accuracy of the subsequent TPS modelling. (Source: Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy)
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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pakistan - Country Report
Publication date: Available online 22 July 2017 Source:Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy Author(s): Parvez Ahmed, Tahir Sultan Shamsi, Salman Naseem Adil, Tariq Mahmood Satti, Qamar un Nisa Chaudhry, Syed Kamran Mahmood, Kamran Rashid, Saqib Ansari, Natasha Ali, Tariq Ghafoor (Source: Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy)
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Vaccini, in Lombardia a settembre tavolo per campagna informativa - Il Dubbio
| Vaccini, in Lombardia a settembre tavolo per campagna informativa Il Dubbio Per questo "il vaccino anti-Hpv assume un ruolo fondamentale nella prevenzione di questo e di tutta una serie di tumori (della vulva e della vagina, anale, del pene, testa-collo), anche nei maschi, che registrano nella maggior parte dei casi tassi di ... and more » |
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HPV vaccine: Why aren't children getting it?
The most underutilized immunization for children can also prevent many forms of cancer - but one-third of girls and one-half of boys aren't being vaccinated (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Preventing cancer with HPV vaccine
A vaccine exists that can actually prevent cancer, yet millions of people are not taking it. Dr. Tara Narula reports on how immunization against the human papillomavirus (or HPV) can prevent many cancers, but only two-thirds of girls and one-half of boys have received the vaccine. (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Glioblastoma: John McCain's brain cancer diagnosis
The Hippocratic Oath advises doctors to first DO NO HARM - so imagine intentionally using a virus that causes paralysis in hopes of treating the deadliest form of brain cancer. That's what doctors are trying with some patients with glioblastoma, the same cancer Arizona Senator John McCain is now grappling with, by using a reengineered polio virus. Dr. Jon LaPook reports. (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Is Pseudoprogression in Lung Cancer Real?
This video reviews pseudoprogression in non –small-cell lung cancer, including the incidence of this phenomenon and treatment considerations when it arises. (Source: CancerNetwork)
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The Emerging Roles of the Ubiquitination/deubiquitination System in Tumor Radioresistance regarding DNA damage responses, cell cycle regulation, hypoxic responses, and antioxidant properties: Insight into the Development of Novel Radiosensitizing Strategies
Publication date: Available online 22 July 2017 Source:Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis Author(s): Yoko Goto, Sho Kpyasu, Minoru Kobayashi, Hiroshi Harada Radiation therapy is one of the first-line treatments for many cancers, with no less than half of cancer patients receiving it in the US. Despite the development of innovative and high-precision radiation therapy strategies, many patients still experience local tumor recurrence after the treatment, at least in part, due to the existence of radioresistant cells in malignant tumor tissues. Among the various biological processes known to induce radioresistance, a post-translational protein modification, ubiquitination, has received marked attention in recent years. Ubiquitination, in which highly conser...
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Adding a second HER2 blocker may lower chance of invasive breast cancer for some women - Science Daily
| Adding a second HER2 blocker may lower chance of invasive breast cancer for some women Science Daily While the prognosis for patients who receive standard of care trastuzumab is already favorable, patients in the study who received pertuzumab and trastuzumab had a 19% lower chance of developing invasive breast cancer than those who received ... and more » |
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Implementing a Cervical Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Program: Quality Improvement in Gynaecologic Oncology.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a model upon which other centres can adopt and validate cervical SLN biopsy. High SLN DRs and accurate identification of lymph node metastases can be achieved by focusing on multidisciplinary collaboration, knowledge translation with creation of evidence-based protocols, peer mentorship, and ongoing quality control. PMID: 28729099 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC)
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A Multicentre Retrospective Review of Clinical Characteristics of Uterine Sarcoma.
CONCLUSION: The majority of patients with uterine sarcomas were postmenopausal. Many can be diagnosed preoperatively with endometrial sampling. Forty-one percent of patients with uterine sarcomas had a high preoperative index of suspicion, resulting in intervention by an oncologist. Morcellation with laparoscopic electro-mechanical morcellator was rare. PMID: 28729098 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada : JOGC)
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California pastor inspires millions by singing for God after cancer took most of his tongue - Christian Daily
| Christian Daily | California pastor inspires millions by singing for God after cancer took most of his tongue Christian Daily A youth pastor in California has inspired millions of people by deciding to continue preaching God's word and singing His praises even after a difficult battle with cancer took away most of his tongue. (REUTERS / Eric Gaillard)A patient receives ... |
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Multicenter randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial GORTEC 2009-01 evaluating the effect of the regenerating agent RGTA on radiodermatitis of head and neck cancer patients
Source:International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
Author(s): Yungan Tao, Anne Auperin, Christian Sire, Michel Martin, Marie-Gabrielle Saliou, Etienne Bardet, Xu Shan Sun, Thierry Chatellier, Clotilde Morand, Alexandre Cornely, Moussa Angokai, Alessia Di Rito, Ketty Kichenin, Pierre Blanchard, Ida D'Onofrio, Jean Bourhis
BackgroundConcomitant cetuximab and radiotherapy could induce severe radiodermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). The OTD70DERM®, a Regenerating Agent (RGTA) is structural and functional analogue of glycosaminoglycans. Pre-clinical studies showed that topical RGTA could markedly reduce radiation-induced mucosal and cutaneous toxicities without tumor protection. This study aimed to transfer this observation in patients to evaluate the effect of topical RGTA on radiodermatitis in a clinical situation for which radio-induced skin reactions are frequent and/or severe i.e. in patients with HNC receiving radiotherapy and cetuximab. The primary endpoint was the incidence of grade ≥2 radiodermatitis.Patients and MethodsA multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on newly diagnosed HNC patients receiving conventionally fractionated RT (70 Gy/ 35 fractions) and weekly cetuximab. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive topical OTD70DERM® or placebo on irradiated skin once daily. The criteria NCI-CTCAE 3.0 was used for radiodermatitis (photography of radiation zone); and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score was evaluated. All the skin reactions obtained from photographs were scored independently of investigators by two experts.ResultsIn 76 randomized patients (38 in each arm), 72 patients were available for final radiodermatitis evaluation (37 in RGTA arm and 35 in placebo arm). No significant difference was observed concerning the incidence or duration of grade ≥2 radiodermatitis between the two arms (81% for RGTA versus 80% placebo, p = 0.9); no significant difference between two arms regarding grade ≥2 radiodermatitis evaluated by experts regarding the photographs analyzed for 68 patients (76% vs 74%, p = 0.78); and no significant difference of DLQI score was observed (score > 10: 15% vs 20%, p = 0.45).ConclusionDespite a good pre-clinical rationale, RGTA did not reduce the incidence and severity of radiodermatitis in patients with HNC..
Teaser
Pre-clinical studies showed that topical OTD70DERM®, a Regenerating Agent functional analogue of glycosaminoglycans could markedly reduce radiation-induced mucosal and cutaneous toxicities. This hypothesis was tested in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial performed in 76 HNC patients receiving radiotherapy plus cetuximab. No significant difference was observed concerning the incidence or duration of grade ≥2 radiodermatitis between the arms. Despite a good pre-clinical rationale, OTD70DERM® did not reduce the incidence and severity of radiodermatitis.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via alwin on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2tBr0gO
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Conventional versus hypofractionated radiotherapy in localized or locally advanced prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis along with therapeutic implications
Publication date: Available online 22 July 2017
Source:International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
Author(s): Niloy R. Datta, Emanuel Stutz, Susanne Rogers, Stephan Bodis
PurposeA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of conventional (CRT) and hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) in localized or locally advanced prostate cancers (LLPCa).Material and methods599 abstracts were extracted from five databases and screened as per the PRISMA guidelines. Only phase III trials randomized between CRT and HRT in LLPCa with a minimum of 5-year follow-up were considered. The evaluated endpoints were - biochemical failure (BF), biochemical and/or clinical failure (BCF), overall mortality (OM), prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCaSM), both acute and late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) (grade >2) toxicities.ResultsTen trials from nine publications, totaling 8,146 patients (CRT: 3,520; HRT: 4,626; one study compared two HRT schedules with a common CRT regime) were included in the evaluation. There were no significant differences in patient characteristics between the two arms. However, the radiotherapy treatment parameters differed significantly between CRT and HRT (all p<0.001). Use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) varied from 0-100% in both groups, (mean + SD: 43.3% + 43.6; CRT vs. HRT: p:ns). The odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR) and risk difference (RD) between CRT and HRT for BF, BCF, OM, PCaSM, acute GU, late GU and GI toxicities were all nonsignificant. Nevertheless, acute GI toxicities were 9.1% less with CRT (RD=0.091, OR=1.687, RR=1.470, all p<0.001). On subgroup analysis, patient groups with < vs.>66.8% ADT (RD: 0.052 vs. 0.136; p=0.008) and < vs.>76% full seminal vesicles in clinical target volume (RD: 0.034 vs. 0.108; p<0.001) were found to significantly influence the acute GI toxicity with HRT.ConclusionsHRT provides similar therapeutic outcomes to CRT in LLPCa except for a significantly higher risk of acute GI toxicity. HRT enables a reduction in overall treatment time and offers patient convenience. However variables contributing to an increased acute GI toxicity need careful consideration.
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Radiation therapy for optic pathway and hypothalamic low-grade gliomas in children
Publication date: Available online 23 July 2017
Source:International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
Author(s): Derek S. Tsang, Erin S. Murphy, Thomas E. Merchant
BackgroundThe long-term survival of pediatric patients with optic pathway or hypothalamic low-grade glioma (LGG) who receive radiation therapy (RT) has not been previously assessed.MethodsA retrospective study was performed of all patients with optic-hypothalamic pediatric LGG treated with RT at a single institution. Eligible patients were aged 21 years or younger at the time of RT and had localized LGG diagnosed by neuroimaging or histology. The median RT dose was 54 Gy, delivered in 30 fractions. Event-free survival (EFS) was defined as survival without progression or secondary high-grade glioma. Days were counted from the first day of RT.ResultsEighty-nine patients were included in the study, with a median follow-up of 12.5 years. Fourteen of the patients had neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). The 10-year EFS was 61.9% (95% CI 31.2–82.1) for patients with NF-1 and 67.5% (95% CI 54.8–77.3) for those without NF-1. The 10-year overall survival (OS) was 92.3% (95% CI 56.6–98.9) for patients with NF-1 and 98.4% (95% CI 89.1–99.8) for those without NF-1. Pre-RT chemotherapy (which was more commonly given to younger patients) was associated with reduced EFS, whereas younger age was associated with reduced OS. Eight patients, including four with NF-1, developed possible radiation-induced neoplasms. The 10-year cumulative incidence of clinically-significant vasculopathy was 7.1% (95% CI 2.9–13.9); no child older than 10 years at the commencement of RT developed vasculopathy.Conclusion(s)Radiation is an effective treatment for optic-hypothalamic LGG. Older children without NF-1 have a low risk of late toxicity. RT can be considered for selected younger patients or individuals with NF-1 as a salvage treatment after progression.
Teaser
Radiation therapy for pediatric optic pathway or hypothalamic low-grade glioma establishes long-term disease control in most patients, with 10-year event-free survival (EFS) of greater than 60% and 10-year overall survival (OS) of greater than 90%. The presence of NF-1 did not affect EFS or OS. No child older than 10 years developed vasculopathy after receiving RT. Radiation is thus an effective treatment for optic-hypothalamic LGG, and older children without NF-1 have a low risk of late toxicity.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via alwin on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2tBQf2R
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Recent time trends and predictors of heart dose from breast radiotherapy in a large quality consortium of radiation oncology practices
Source:International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics
Author(s): Lori J. Pierce, Mary Feng, Kent A. Griffith, Reshma Jagsi, Thomas Boike, Daniel Dryden, Gregory S. Gustafson, Lisa Benedetti, Martha M. Matuszak, Teamour S. Nurushev, Joe Haywood, Jeffrey D. Radawski, Corey Speers, Eleanor M. Walker, James A. Hayman, Jean M. Moran
IntroductionLimited data exist regarding the range of heart doses received in routine practice following radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer (BC) in the United States today and the potential impact of continual assessment of cardiac dose on practice patterns.Methods and MaterialsFrom 2012-2015, 4688 patients with BC treated with whole breast RT at 20 sites participating in a state-wide consortium were enrolled into a registry. The importance of limiting cardiac dose has been emphasized in the consortium since 2012 and mean heart dose (MHD) has been reported to each institution since 2014. Effects on MHD were estimated for both conventional fractionation (CF) and accelerated fractionation (AF) using regression models with technique (intensity modulated RT, IMRT vs. three-dimensional conformal RT, 3DCRT), deep-inspiration breath hold (DIBH) use, position (supine vs. prone), nodal RT (if delivered) and boost (yes/no) as covariates.ResultsFor left-sided BC treated with CF, median MHD in 2012 was 2.19 Gy compared to 1.65 Gy in 2015 (p<0.001). Factors which significantly increased MHD for CF were increasing separation relative to 22 cm (1.5%/cm) ; supra-/infraclavicular node RT (17.1%); internal mammary node RT (40.7%); use of boost (20.9%); treatment per year prior to 2015 (7.7%); and IMRT (20.8%). For left-sided BC treated with AF, the median MHD in 2012 was 1.70 Gy versus 1.22 Gy in 2015 (p<0.001). Factors that significantly increased MHD following AF were separation (1.7% /cm); use of boost (20.0%); year prior to 2015 (8.5%); and IMRT (19.2%). Factors for both CF and AF that significantly reduced MHD were use of DIBH and prone positioning.ConclusionsMHD for left-sided cancers has decreased over a recent 4-year period coincident with increased focus on cardiac sparing in the radiation oncology community in general and within a state-wide consortium specifically. These data suggest a positive impact of systematically monitoring heart dose delivered.
Teaser
With recent focus on minimizing radiation dose to the heart following adjuvant therapy for breast cancer, it is important to understand the current state of cardiac sparing and predictors of heart dose. In a large U.S. state-wide registry, we evaluated recent time trends in mean heart dose, adjusting for planned target dose and treatment technique. Our findings indicate mean heart dose decreased significantly for left-sided breast cancers over a 4-year period using ongoing monitoring of cardiac dose by institution.from ! Medicine by Alexandros G. Sfakianakis via alwin on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2tRGHvT
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Dogs assist the fight against bone cancer
Comparative oncology, a rapidly-growing field of cancer research, pairs veterinarians with human doctors in the fight against cancer. Because certain cancers in dogs and people share striking similarities, the hope is that a new treatment for dogs, if successful, could be applied to people, too. Susan Spencer reports. (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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New hope for children with cancer
They're miracles in small packages. Nearly 16,000 kids worldwide are diagnosed with cancer every year, but their odds of beating it have never been better. Tracy Smith reports on the advances being made against pediatric cancers, made possible in part by the fundraising of charities like Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation. (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Foregoing reconstructive surgery after breast cancer
Some women who have lost breasts to cancer have chosen to deal with their loss in a fashion that is sparking conversations, and controversy. They call it "going flat." Instead of reconstructing their bodies with surgical implants, they are embracing their scars, and even baring them in defiance of the disease. Erin Moriarty of "48 Hours" reports. (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Immunotherapy, a new weapon against cancer
Dr. Jon LaPook introduces us to the next frontier of cancer treatment: immunotherapy, in which the body's own immune system is genetically modified to detect and destroy cancer cells. (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Glioblastoma: New tools against brain cancer
There are new therapies on the horizon for the very aggressive form of cancer afflicting Senator John McCain (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)
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Does CBD Oil Lower Blood Pressure? This article was originally published at SundayScaries." Madeline Taylor POSTED ON January 13, 20...
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The device, cleared in Europe a couple of years ago, is used to ablate cardiac tissue as part of treatment for atrial fibrillation. It featu...
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Overdue: a US advisory board for research integrity Overdue: a US advisory board for research integrity, Published online: 11 February 201...
