Helicobacter pylori results in lysis and death after exposure to water

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Helicobacter pylori results in lysis and death after exposure to water via Helicobacter Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori has a high infection rate, and it is possible that more than half of the world's population is infected. The route of transmission of H. pylori has not been completely elucidated yet. The coccoid form of H. pylori is generally considered to be in a VBNC (viable but nonculturable) state, and this form in the environment is thought to play an important role in infection and transmission, but its stability and survivability are still unknown. Materials and methods In order to promote its changing to coccoid form, the spiral form of H. pylori grown in a culture medium was exposed to sterile distilled water, and we investigated the bacterial cell number and the morphological changes by using fluorescence staining methods and electron microscopic observation. We also examined the dynamics of its growth ability by measuring the colony forming unit on an agar-plate medium. Results After exposure to sterile distilled water, the H. pylori spiral form rapidly lost its growth ability at 37°C. One day after exposure, approximately 95% of the spiral form disappeared and the proportion of the coccoid form increased. The total number of bacteria also decreased to less than half and continued to decrease over time. Epi-microscopic and electron microscopic observations revealed that deformation of bacterial cells, collapse, and leaking out of cell contents were promoted in exposure to sterile distilled water. Conclusion Helicobacter pylori quickly begins to transform into the coccoid form after exposure to sterile distilled water, rapidly loses its growth ability, and then lyses and dies. Water-exposure is lethal for H. pylori and it is unlikely to survive in the VBNC state in water. View on Web

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A state-of-the-science review and guide for measuring environmental exposure biomarkers in dried blood spots

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A state-of-the-science review and guide for measuring environmental exposure biomarkers in dried blood spots via Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology - Issue - nature.com science feeds View on Web

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A Mediterranean and Low‐Fat dietary intervention in Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease patients ‐Exploring participant experience and perceptions about dietary change.

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A Mediterranean and Low‐Fat dietary intervention in Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease patients ‐Exploring participant experience and perceptions about dietary change. via Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Abstract Background A Mediterranean Diet (MD) appears to be beneficial in NAFLD patients in Mediterranean countries, however the acceptability of a MD in non-Mediterranean populations has not been thoroughly explored. This study aimed to explore the acceptability, through understanding the barriers and enablers of MD and low-fat diet (LFD) interventions as perceived by Australian adults from multicultural backgrounds, with NAFLD, who participated. Methodology Semi-structured telephone interviews were performed with 23 NAFLD trial participants at the end of a 12-week dietary intervention in a multicentre, parallel, randomised clinical trial. Data was analysed using thematic analysis. Results Participants reported that they enjoyed taking part in the MD and LFD interventions and perceived that they had positive health benefits from their participation. Compared to the LFD, the MD group placed greater emphasis on enjoyment and intention to maintain dietary changes. Novelty, convenience and the ability to swap food/meals were key enablers for the successful implementation for both of the dietary interventions. Flavour and enjoyment of food, expressed more prominently by MD intervention participants, were fundamental components of the diets with regard to reported adherence and intention to maintain dietary change. Conclusions Participants randomised to the MD reported greater acceptability of the diet than those randomised to the LFD, predominantly related to perceived novelty and palatability of the diet. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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ImmunoModulatory Effect of IL‐35 Gene Transfected Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Allergic Asthma

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader ImmunoModulatory Effect of IL‐35 Gene Transfected Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Allergic Asthma via Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology Abstract Asthma is a common respiratory disease which has no definitive treatment at now. Immune response shifting from T helper (Th)1 to the Th2 is a main problem in asthma, and immunomodulation can help to control asthma. IL-35 and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have regulatory effect on the immune system, and may have the ability to control asthma pathology. After culturing MSCs, expression vector of IL-35 (pUNO1-mIL35elasti) was transduced to the MSCs and then, asthmatic mice were treated with MSCs, MSCs-vector, MSCs-vector-IL-35 and no treatment. AHR, levels of the cytokines, total and OVA specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E, LTB4, and LTC4 were measured. Lung tissue histopathology was also done. MSCs were successfully transduced by pUNO1-mIL35elasti vector, and IL-35 was produced in transduced cells. AHR, levels of the Cytokines, IgEs, LTs, goblet cell hyperplasia, mucus secretion, peribronchial and perivascular inflammation were controlled by MSCs therapy. In MSCs-IL-35 group, these controls were stronger than MSCs without IL-35 group. MSCs had strong effect on control of asthma. Transfected MSCs by expressing IL-35 gene could significantly better control allergic asthma symptoms than MSCs without IL-35. In the future, identification of the IL-35 mechanism of action would be useful to improve cytokine-cell based therapies. View on Web

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Variations in Practices and Preferences of Vocal Fold Injection Materials: A National Survey

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Variations in Practices and Preferences of Vocal Fold Injection Materials: A National Survey via The Laryngoscope This study looking at provider preferences in terms of VFI injectables demonstrates significant variations in preferences in regards to VFI injectable materials. HA-based products are the most frequently utilized by providers as their-mid-term longevity, ease of use, and favorable fibroelastic properties make them favorable for various indications. Understanding the rationale behind variations in practice is crucial to guide new providers in material selection and provide information to patients undergoing these procedures. Background Vocal fold injection augmentation (VFI) is a common procedure for the treatment of glottic insufficiency. Material options for VFI and decisions regarding material selection are not standardized and often based on clinician preference. Objective This study aims to understand the variations in provider preference and utilization of injectable materials for VFI. Methods A 40-question survey was sent to 158 academic laryngologists. Questions pertained to the type of injectable materials used including brand preferences and rationale for preferences. Results Ninety-seven of the 158 laryngologists contacted participated in the survey (61.4%). The most frequently used injectable materials were Hyaluronic Acid (HA)-based products. Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)-based products were preferred for trial augmentation (57.2%), HA-based products were preferred for acute/subacute vocal fold paralysis, presbyphonia, and sulcus/scar (54.2%, 61.5%, 44.7%, 41.7% respectively), and Calcium Hydroxyapatite (CaHA)-based products were preferred for long-term paralysis (28.1%). CMC-based products were discontinued by 21.8% of participants, largely due to quick material resorption. 17.8% of participants discontinued HA-based products largely due to adverse events and 26.0% abandoned CaHA-based products mostly due to inflammatory properties causing vocal fold stiffness and material unpredictability. Over 30% of respondents reported wanting to reinitiate micronized alloderm Cymetra® as an available injectable. Conclusion Our survey demonstrated that there are significant variations in practice and preferences in regard to injectable material selection for VFI. As there is limited data on the direct material comparison, understanding the rationale behind these variations is crucial to guide new providers in material selection and provide information to patients undergoing these procedures. Level of Evidence 5 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Risk Factors for Post‐Tonsillectomy Respiratory Events in Children With Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Risk Factors for Post‐Tonsillectomy Respiratory Events in Children With Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea via The Laryngoscope This is a retrospective single-institution cohort study of pediatric patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea who were admitted postoperative after tonsillectomy. We identified multiple potential risk factors for postoperative respiratory events including Black ethnicity, Down syndrome, age, %sleep time with SpO2 <90% on sleep study. Objectives/Hypothesis To identify risk factors for postoperative respiratory events in pediatric patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods Retrospective single-institution retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients with severe OSA who were admitted postoperatively after tonsillectomy. Patients who experienced respiratory events after surgery were identified and differences between the respiratory event and no event groups were compared. Results There were 887 patients included in this study. 14.8% (n = 131) experienced a documented respiratory event. The following risk factors were found to be most significant: %sleep time with O2 < 90% (tb90) (95% CI = 1.07–1.14, OR = 1.10, p < 0.001), Black race (95% CI = 1.53–3.58, OR = 2.34, p < 0.001), primary neurologic co-morbidity (1.67–6.32, OR = 3.27, p < 0.001), Down syndrome (1.25–5.94, OR = 2.72, p = 0.01), and age (0.84–0.94, OR = 0.88, p < 0.001). Regression modeling demonstrated that the rate of respiratory events increased with tb90. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that there are other potential risk factors outside of AHI and O2 nadir that are associated with respiratory events after tonsillectomy. Black race and prolonged desaturations during polysomnography (PSG) are independent risk factors. Measures of abnormal gas exchange on PSG may be better at identifying at risk patients. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Perioperative Blood Transfusion in Head and Neck Cancer Revisited

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Perioperative Blood Transfusion in Head and Neck Cancer Revisited via The Laryngoscope In the past, blood transfusions in head and neck cancer patients were associated with high rates of complications and mortality. This retrospective study of 590 patients with surgical treatment of incident HNC was performed to identify transfusion triggers and analyze survival rates of transfused patients in times of restrictive transfusion regimens. During a time span of 10 years, 37 patients received blood transfusions, triggers were a high ASA score, low preoperative hemoglobin levels, long duration of surgery and p16 negativity, survival of transfused and matched non transfused patients was similar. Objective To reevaluate the frequency of perioperative blood transfusion, transfusion triggers, and survival impact in patients with incident, surgically treated head and neck cancer (HNC) in restrictive transfusion regimens. Methods Retrospective analysis of surgically treated patients with incident HNC with and without perioperative blood transfusion between 2008 and 2019 at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, according to the department's clinical Head and Neck Tumor Registry. Results Of the 590 patients included, perioperative transfusions were administered in 6.3% (n = 37, transfusion group). Following multivariable logistic regression, likelihood of blood transfusions was increased in patients with poorer general health conditions (ASA score III/IV; OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.9–8.6; p = 0.002), hemoglobin <12.5 g/dL (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.1–6.4; p = 0.03), longer duration of surgery (OR 1.006 per minute of surgery time; 95% CI 1.003–1.008; p < 0.001), and negative p16 status (OR 5.3; 95% CI = 1.1–25; p = 0.03). Based on 14 matching variables related to survival and perioperative blood transfusion, a control group of 37 matching patients without perioperative transfusion was identified. Using univariate analysis, overall survival in transfusion and control groups did not differ significantly (p = 0.25). After adjusting for four parameters with limited ma tching accuracy (Chi square p < 0.2) in Cox regression analysis, a transfusion related hazard ratio close to 1 (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.34–2.51; p = 0.87) was observed. Conclusion Considering current restrictive transfusion regimens and general transfusion risks, the administration of blood products in HNC patients during the perioperative period is not associated with additional oncologic hazard. Level of Evidence III Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Recording jaw relation of a pediatric patient with ectodermal dysplasia and complete anodontia using a digital mini arch tracer: A case report

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Recording jaw relation of a pediatric patient with ectodermal dysplasia and complete anodontia using a digital mini arch tracer: A case report via Journal of Prosthodontics Abstract Children with ectodermal dysplasia and complete anodontia experience difficulties in oral rehabilitation because of the small arch size. A case of a 7-year-old boy, whose arch size (length and width) was 30–40% smaller than that of a male adult and who presented with difficulties in jaw relation recording using commercially available devices is described. A digital workflow involving a mini arch tracer was introduced. Primary impressions were made using three-dimensionally (3D) printed mini trays produced based on the patient's computed tomography images, and digital primary casts were obtained based on the scanned and reversed primary impressions. The final custom impression trays with mini tracing plates were designed based on the primary casts. In addition, the hand shank, retention plate, and retainers were placed on the designed custom trays and 3D-printed to produce an individual arch tracer system. In addition, two height checking buckles were designed to help adjust the height of a tracing screw. Finally, the jaw relation of the patient was recorded and transferred, and a set of complete dentures were delivered, satisfying both the patient and his family. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis via Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology - Issue - nature.com science feeds Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, Published online: 15 August 2022; doi:10.1038/s41370-022-00464-3 Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and risk of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis View on Web

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GPCR/endocytosis/ERK signaling/S2R is involved in the regulation of the internalization, mitochondria-targeting and -activating properties of human salivary histatin 1

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader GPCR/endocytosis/ERK signaling/S2R is involved in the regulation of the internalization, mitochondria-targeting and -activating properties of human salivary histatin 1 via International Journal of Oral Science - Issue International Journal of Oral Science, Published online: 15 August 2022; doi:10.1038/s41368-022-00181-5 GPCR/endocytosis/ERK signaling/S2R is involved in the regulation of the internalization, mitochondria-targeting and -activating properties of human salivary histatin 1 View on Web

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