(Natural News) An opioid that is 50 times stronger than pure heroin (and 100 times more potent than morphine) is being over-prescribed by physicians nationwide as the delineation between medical ethics and personal gain fades even further. Fentanyl, a powerful prescription pain medication, is an entirely synthetic opioid initially meant to ease cancer patients to... (Source: NaturalNews.com)
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Τρίτη 25 Ιουλίου 2017
Doctors are prescribing DEADLY fentanyl for cash and lavish dinners, reveals report
Senate GOP pass motion to open debate on Trumpcare bill
US Senate Republicans overcame their 1st hurdle as they aim to begin repealing and replacing Obamacare, narrowly passing a procedural motion to open debate on a bill to begin the dismantling. The Senate deadlocked at 50-50 on whether to move forward on the healthcare debate, with VP Mike Pence casting the tie-braking vote to open debate on a bill to repeal and replace the ACA. Senators Susan Collins (R-Maine) and Lisa Murkowski (R-Alaska) were the only Republicans to oppose the measure. Former opponents, including John McCain who was recently diagnosed with brain cancer and returned today to vote on the measure, tilted towards opening the bill for debate. President Trump praised the motion, saying that it was "a giant step to end the Obamacare nightmare." "As this vote shows, inactio...
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$100 Sweetens the Pot for a Colonoscopy
TUESDAY, July 25, 2017 -- It appears that $100 might go a long way toward convincing someone to get a colonoscopy. New research found that such a cash incentive doubled the chances that older adults were screened for colon cancer. " Colonoscopy is... (Source: Drugs.com - Daily MedNews)
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Vaccini: Gallera, a settembre tavolo per campagna informativa - La Sicilia
| La Sicilia | Vaccini: Gallera, a settembre tavolo per campagna informativa La Sicilia Per questo "il vaccino anti-Hpv assume un ruolo fondamentale nella prevenzione di questo e di tutta una serie di tumori (della vulva e della vagina, anale, del pene, testa-collo), anche nei maschi, che registrano nella maggior parte dei casi tassi di ... and more » |
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Clinical and demographic characteristics among patients with urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract and bladder in Taiwan
Conclusion Based on the limited parameters and heterogeneous data, the present study merely observed that bladder cancer and UTUC patients with the higher tumor stage have a significant increased risk of poor overall survival. Therefore, the causal mechanisms of UC prognosis remained to be further explored in a larger population. (Source: Journal of the Chinese Medical Association)
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Activity-dependent astrocyte swelling is mediated by pH-regulating mechanisms
Abstract
During neuronal activity in the mammalian brain, the K+ released into the synaptic space is initially buffered by the astrocytic compartment. In parallel, the extracellular space (ECS) shrinks, presumably due to astrocytic cell swelling. With the Na+/K+/2Cl− cotransporter and the Kir4.1/AQP4 complex not required for the astrocytic cell swelling in the hippocampus, the molecular mechanisms underlying the activity-dependent ECS shrinkage have remained unresolved. To identify these molecular mechanisms, we employed ion-sensitive microelectrodes to measure changes in ECS, [K+]o and [H+]o/pHo during electrical stimulation of rat hippocampal slices. Transporters and receptors responding directly to the K+ and glutamate released into the extracellular space (the K+/Cl− cotransporter, KCC, glutamate transporters and G protein-coupled receptors) did not modulate the extracellular space dynamics. The -transporting mechanism, which in astrocytes mainly constitutes the electrogenic Na+/
cotransporter 1 (NBCe1), is activated by the K+-mediated depolarization of the astrocytic membrane. Inhibition of this transporter reduced the ECS shrinkage by ∼25% without affecting the K+ transients, pointing to NBCe1 as a key contributor to the stimulus-induced astrocytic cell swelling. Inhibition of the monocarboxylate cotransporters (MCT), like-wise, reduced the ECS shrinkage by ∼25% without compromising the K+ transients. Isosmotic reduction of extracellular Cl− revealed a requirement for this ion in parts of the ECS shrinkage. Taken together, the stimulus-evoked astrocytic cell swelling does not appear to occur as a direct effect of the K+ clearance, as earlier proposed, but partly via the pH-regulating transport mechanisms activated by the K+-induced astrocytic depolarization and the activity-dependent metabolism.
Main Points
- Activity-evoked astrocyte cell swelling does not occur as a direct function of the clearance of synaptically released K+ or glutamate.
- The astrocytic swelling is, instead, mediated by the pH-regulating cotransporters of
and lactate.
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New Data Show TomoTherapy® System Superior to RapidArc in Achieving Local Control of Head and Neck Cancers - Markets Insider
| Markets Insider | New Data Show TomoTherapy® System Superior to RapidArc in Achieving Local Control of Head and Neck Cancers Markets Insider Precision and accuracy are especially important when treating head and neck tumors, where dose outside the desired target may result in damage to critical structures such as salivary glands, vocal cords, the spinal cord or brainstem. These results ... |
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Effects of salinity on oil dispersant toxicity in the eastern mud snail, Ilyanassa obsoleta
Abstract
Chemical dispersants can be a beneficial method for breaking up oil slicks; however, their use in mitigation could pose potential toxic effects on the marine ecosystem. Dispersants may be transported to lower salinity habitats, where toxicity data for aquatic species have not been established. This study examined the effect of salinity on oil dispersant toxicity in the eastern mud snail, Ilyanassa obsoleta, using two dispersants authorized for oil spill response, Corexit® 9500A and Finasol® OSR 52. Median lethal toxicity values (LC50) and sublethal effects were examined at 10, 20, and 30 ppt salinity in adult and larval mud snails. Two biomarkers (lipid peroxidation and acetylcholinesterase) were used to measure sublethal effects. The 96-h static renewal LC50 values indicated significant differences in toxicity between dispersants and salinities. Larval snails were significantly more sensitive than adult snails to both dispersants, and both life stages were significantly more sensitive to Finasol than to Corexit. Larval snails were more sensitive to dispersants at lower salinity, but adult snails were more sensitive at higher salinities. Dispersants increased lipid peroxidation and decreased acetylcholinesterase activity. These results demonstrate that dispersant toxicity varies among compounds and organism life stages, and that physicochemical properties of the environment, such as salinity, can affect the potential toxicity to estuarine species.
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Erratum to: Portuguese agriculture and the evolution of greenhouse gas emissions—can vegetables control livestock emissions?
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A Small Cellulose-Binding-Domain Protein (CBD1) in Phytophthora is Highly Variable in the Non-binding Amino Terminus
Abstract
The small cellulose-binding-domain protein CBD1 is tightly bound to the cellulosic cell wall of the plant pathogenic stramenopile Phytophthora infestans. Transgene expression of the protein in potato plants also demonstrated binding to plant cell walls. A study was undertaken using 47 isolates of P. infestans from a worldwide collection, along with 17 other Phytophthora species and a related pathogen Plasmopara halstedii, to determine if the critical cell wall protein is subject to amino acid variability. Within the amino acid sequence of the secreted portion of CBD 1, encoded by the P. infestans isolates, 30 were identical with each other, and with P. mirabilis. Four isolates had one amino acid difference, each in a different location, while one isolate had two amino acid substitutions. The remaining 13 isolates had five amino acid changes that were each in identical locations (D17/G, D31/G, I32/S, T43/A, and G50/A), suggesting a single origin. Comparison of P. infestans CBD1 with other Phytophthora species identified extensive amino acid variation among the 60 amino acids at the amino terminus of the protein, and a high level of conservation from G61, where the critical cellulose-binding domain sequences begin, to the end of the protein (L110). While the region needed to bind to cellulose is conserved, the region that is available to interact with other cell wall components is subject to considerable variation, a feature that is evident even in the related genus Plasmopara. Specific changes can be used in determining intra- and inter-species relatedness. Application of this information allowed for the design of species-specific primers for PCR detection of P. infestans and P. sojae, by combining primers from the highly conserved and variable regions of the CBD1 gene.
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Andrew Schorr: How I Am Preparing for CLL Retreatment
Andrew Schorr, Patient Power Founder and frequent host, is used to interviewing patients, physicians and care partners. As Andrew prepares to begin retreatment for his chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CL... Author: patientpower Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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How a Mother Turned Grief Into Advocacy: Realizing Jillians Dream
Is there life after losing a child to cancer? Meet Ros Miller, lung cancer advocate and president/founder of Jillians Dream. Ros opens up about fear, loneliness, and anger and how she began advocatin... Author: patientpower Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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Treatment of elderly and PS2 patients
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Tanja Cufer discusses the treatment of elderly and PS2 patients with lung cancer.<br /><br />Earn CME Credit for a relate... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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New treatment avenues in malignant mesothelioma
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Paul Baas discusses the latest treatment options for malignant mesothelioma.<br /><br />Earn CME Credit for a related act... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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Carcinoids, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, thymoma and thymic carcinomas
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Nicholas Girard discusses the treatment of carcinoids, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, thymoma, and thymic c... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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New treatment opportunities for small cell lung cancer
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Egbert F. Smit discusses new treatment options for small cell lung cancer.<br /><br />Earn CME Credit for a related activ... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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Mutation independent approaches in adenocarcinoma including maintenance
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Sanjay Popat discusses mutation-independent approaches to the treatment of adenocarcinoma, including maintenance ... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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Debate: Liquid biopsy will replace tissue biopsy? - No
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Fernando Lpez-Ros arguest that liquid biopsy will not replace tissue biopsy.<br /><br />Earn CME Credit for a related a... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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Debate: Liquid biopsy will replace tissue biopsy? - Yes
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Thomas Newsom-Davis argues that liquid biopsy will replace tissue biopsy.<br /><br />Earn CME Credit for a related activi... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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HER-2/BRAF/KRAS and MET
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Luis Paz-Ares discusses HER-2, BRAF, KRAS, and MET tumors.<br /><br />Earn CME Credit for a related activity: <a target='_blank' href='http://elc'>http://elc...</a>.... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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EGFR mutation positive tumors: Treatment strategies in front line and at relapse
In this presentation from the 18th European Congress: Perspectives in Lung Cancer, Dr. Cline Mascaux discusses treatment strategies in both the front line and relapse settings of EGFR+ tumors.<br /><br />Ear... Author: imedex Added: 07/25/2017 (Source: Oncology Tube)
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Voice Use Among Music Theory Teachers: A Voice Dosimetry and Self-Assessment Study
This study aimed (1) to investigate music theory teachers' professional and extra-professional vocal loading and background noise exposure, (2) to determine the correlation between vocal loading and background noise, and (3) to determine the correlation between vocal loading and self-evaluation data. (Source: Journal of Voice)
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Reliability and Validation of the Turkish Version of the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life Survey
To evaluate the effect of dysphonia in children, several methods have been developed, including the Pediatric Voice Outcome Survey, the Pediatric Voice Handicap Index, and the Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life (PVRQOL) Survey. The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of the Turkish version of the PVRQOL Survey. (Source: Journal of Voice)
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Effects of Voice Therapy on Muscle Tension Dysphonia: A Systematic Literature Review
The present study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the effects of voice therapy on individuals diagnosed with muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) or hyperfunctional dysphonia. This is a systematic literature review on the databases Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Lilacs using a search strategy related to the theme of the study. The selection included clinical trials that assessed the effects of speech therapy intervention on patients diagnosed with MTD or hyperfunctional dysphonia published over the last 10 years in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. (Source: Journal of Voice)
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Accuracy and reproducibility of the DAVID SLS-2 scanner in three-dimensional facial imaging
A prospective study was performed to test the accuracy and reproducibility of the DAVID-SLS-2 scanner (SLS-2) [DAVID Vision Systems GmbH], compared to the validated 3dMDtrio scanner (3dMD) [3dMD, LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA]. (Source: Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Morphometric Analysis of Temporomandibular Joint Elements
To study the morphology of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) elements and examine the feasibility of a novel biofidelic articular disc casting technique. (Source: Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Finding the Ledge: Sagittal Analysis of Bony Landmarks of the Orbit
To determine the average distances and angles between anatomical landmarks within the orbit, with emphasis on the localization of the orbital process of the palatine bone. This information will help the surgeon with the treatment planning and surgical procedures. (Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)
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Optimal dose of rocuronium bromide undergoing adenotonsillectomy under 5% sevoflurane with fentanyl
Adenotonsillectomy is a short surgical procedure under general anaesthesia in children. An ideal muscle relaxant for adenotonsillectomy would create an intense neuromuscular block while having a quick recovery time without postoperative morbidity. We compared the effect of different doses of rocuronium for the tracheal intubation in children under 5% sevoflurane and fentanyl. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
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Thyroglossal duct cyst surgery: A ten-year single institution experience
1. Review our institution's experience with thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) excision. 2. Determine if TGDC recurrence rate is influenced by surgical technique, preoperative infection, or surgeon specialty. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
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Speech processor data logging helps in predicting early linguistic outcomes in implanted children
To analyse the value of listening-data logged in the speech processor on the prediction of the early auditory and linguistic skills in children who received a cochlear implant in their first 2 years of life. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
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Pediatric neck abscesses: No increase in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Recent studies from Western countries showed an increased incidence rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from pediatric neck abscesses cultures. We sought to examine the microbiology and antibiotic susceptibility of such samples over a 10-year period, and particularly of Staphylococcus aureus (SA), in order to determine whether a similar trend exists in our institution. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
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Emotional and behaviour difficulties in teenagers with permanent childhood hearing loss
It is known that during the middle childhood years those with permanent childhood hearing loss (PCHL) are at increased risk of showing emotional and behaviour difficulties (EBD). It has yet to be established whether this risk continues into the late teenage years. There is a paucity of longitudinal studies on the association between PCHL and EBD. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
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Evaluation of transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions in a healthy 1 –10 year pediatric cohort in Sub-Saharan Africa
This study aims at providing additional TEOAE pass rates of a healthy Sub-Saharan cohort aged 1 –10 years with data from Gabon, Ghana and Kenya. Potentially confounding factors (recruitment site, age) are taken into consideration. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
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Treatment and post-treatment effects of functional therapy on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in class II subjects
To evaluate the craniofacial changes induced by functional appliances with special regard to the oro and nasopharyngeal sagittal airway dimensions in subjects with dentoskeletal Class II malocclusions when compared with an untreated Class II control group immediately after therapy and at long-term observation. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
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More Than 250M Americans Drink Water With Cancer-Linked Pollutants - Patch.com
| Patch.com | More Than 250M Americans Drink Water With Cancer-Linked Pollutants Patch.com Lead has been linked to behavior problems in kids, polyfluorinated chemicals are tied to altered thyroid function, and nitrosamines can damage DNA. (For more national stories, subscribe to the Across America Patch and receive daily newsletters and ... and more » |
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Diet and Ovarian Cancer Risk in African-American Women Diet and Ovarian Cancer Risk in African-American Women
This study evaluated 3 index-based dietary patterns in relation to ovarian cancer risk in African-American women.American Journal of Epidemiology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
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The effectiveness of a group intervention to facilitate posttraumatic growth among women with breast cancer
ConclusionsParticipation in the intervention group increased PTG and the two main components of PTG model, challenge to core beliefs and rumination. (Source: Psycho-Oncology)
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Survival of a cardiac arrested victim with hypothermia despite severely elevated serum potassium (9.0 mmol/L)
Publication date: Available online 25 July 2017
Source:Cryobiology
Author(s): Mathieu Pasquier, Tomasz Darocha, Paul Husby
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Diet and Ovarian Cancer Risk in African-American Women Diet and Ovarian Cancer Risk in African-American Women
This study evaluated 3 index-based dietary patterns in relation to ovarian cancer risk in African-American women.American Journal of Epidemiology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
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HER2 mutations in lung adenocarcinomas: A report from the Lung Cancer Mutation Consortium
CONCLUSIONSHER2 mutations were detected in 3% of patients with lung adenocarcinoma in the LCMC. HER2‐directed therapies should be investigated in this subgroup of patients. Cancer 2017. © 2017 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)
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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to radical cystectomy for muscle ‐invasive bladder cancer with variant histology
CONCLUSIONSPatients with neuroendocrine tumors benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy, as evidenced by better overall survival and lower rates of non‐organ‐confined disease at the time of RC. For tumors with micropapillary differentiation, sarcomatoid differentiation, or adenocarcinoma, neoadjuvant chemotherapy decreased the frequency of non‐organ‐confined disease at the time of RC. However, this favorable effect did not translate into a statistically significant overall survival benefit for these patients, potentially due to the aggressive tumor biology. Cancer 2017;000:000‐000. © 2017 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)
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Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and neurocognitive function in adult survivors of childhood cancer
CONCLUSIONSSurvivors of childhood cancer with a history of HCV infection are at risk for neurocognitive impairment and reduced HRQOL beyond the known risks associated with neurotoxic cancer therapies. Cancer 2017. © 2017 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)
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The illusion of informed consent
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Thyroid V50 Highly Predictive of Hypothyroidism in Head-and-Neck Cancer Patients Treated With Intensity-modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT)
Conclusions: In HNSCC patients treated with IMRT, thyroid V50 highly predicts the risk of developing hypothyroidism. V50>60% puts patients at a significantly higher risk of becoming hypothyroid. This can be a useful dose constraint to consider during treatment planning. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Resection of Colorectal Cancer With Versus Without Preservation of Inferior Mesenteric Artery
Objective: To assess the clinical significance of preservation of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) in comparison with IMA ligation in surgery for sigmoid colon or rectal (colorectal) cancer. Methods: Consecutive patients (n=862) with colorectal cancer who underwent intended surgical resection of the main tumor between 1986 and 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups: IMA preserved (n=745) and IMA ligated (n=117). Results: No significant difference was observed in incidence of advanced stage III or IV disease between the 2 groups (P=0.56 and 0.51, respectively), whereas a longer operation time (287 [95 to 700] vs. 215 [60 to 900] min, respectively; P (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Contemporary Patterns and Survival Outcome of Adjuvant Systemic Therapy for Localized Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Objectives: To describe contemporary patterns of and factors associated with adjuvant therapy use and survival outcome after resection of localized gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) using a large contemporary clinical database. Methods: We queried the National Cancer Data Base to identify localized GIST cases diagnosed from 2004 to 2011, and used descriptive and logistic regression analyses to determine patterns of and factors associated with adjuvant therapy. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional-hazard model were utilized to generate survival probabilities and hazard ratios (HRs). Results: Of 4694 patients, 73.5% received surgery alone, and 26.5% received adjuvant therapy during 2004 to 2011. Receipt of adjuvant therapy more than doubled between 2006 (13.2%) and 2007 (30.5%), peaked ...
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Metformin Does Not Predict for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Grade, or Volume of Disease After Transperineal Template-guided Mapping Biopsy
Conclusion: Metformin did not impact incidence of prostate cancer diagnosis, Gleason score distribution, or volume of disease. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Definitive Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) for Extracranial Oligometastases: An International Survey of >1000 Radiation Oncologists
Conclusions: Radiation oncologists are increasingly using SBRT for OM. The main reason for not using SBRT for OM is a perceived lack of evidence demonstrating clinical advantages. These data strengthen the need for robust prospective clinical trials (ongoing and in development) to demonstrate clinical efficacy given the widespread adoption of SBRT for OM. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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High-risk Prostate Cancer Treated With Dose-escalated RT: An Analysis of Hormonal Therapy Use and Duration, and Prognostic Implications of PSA Nadir ≤0.2 to Select Men for Short-term Hormonal Therapy
Objectives: To determine prognostic factors to select high-risk men receiving dose-escalated radiation therapy (RT) who will have favorable outcomes with short-term (ST) or no androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Methods: Medical records of 458 men treated with definitive RT for high-risk, nonmetastatic prostate cancer at 3 academic referral centers from 1988 to 2009 were examined. Median dose was 76.4 Gy. Men received no ADT (n=105), STADT ( (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Comparison of Toxicity and Treatment Outcomes in HIV-positive Versus HIV-negative Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal
Conclusions: In the highly active antiretroviral therapy era, HIV-positive patients with anal cancer treated with standard definitive chemoradiation have equivalent toxicity and cancer-specific survival compared with HIV-negative patients. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Stage I Lung SBRT Clinical Practice Patterns
Conclusions: Our findings suggest increasing use of SBRT over the last decade with a majority of patients being treated with regimens employing a BED10≥100 Gy. Since 2006, there has been a decline in the use of 54 to 60 Gy in 3 fractions, with an increase in the use of 50 Gy in 5 fractions. Possible explanations include concern for increased toxicity with higher BED regimens and increasing treatment of centrally located tumors. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Oral Platelet Gel Supernatant Plus Supportive Medical Treatment Versus Supportive Medical Treatment in the Management of Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis: A Matched Explorative Active Control Trial by Propensity Analysis
Conclusions: These preliminary data should be interpreted with caution and could serve as a framework around which to design future trials. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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The Prognostic Significance of Pretreatment Hematologic Parameters in Patients Undergoing Resection for Colorectal Cancer
Conclusions: Pretreatment lymphopenia, thrombocytosis, a decreased lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and an elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio independently predict for worse OS in patients with CRC. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Influence of NSAID Use Among Colorectal Cancer Survivors on Cancer Outcomes
Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer diagnosed in men and women in the United States. Given the availability of effective screening, most tumors are found early enough to offer patients substantial long-term survival. Thus there is a resulting significant population of CRC survivors for whom modifiable risk factors for recurrence and survival would be of interest. Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study among patients enrolled in 2 large Midwestern health plans for which claims data, including pharmacy fill data, and medical record data were available. Men and women who were 40 years of age or older at the time of CRC diagnosis with disease less than stage IV and no history of Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, and irritable bowel sy...
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Surgery and Adjuvant Radiation for High-risk Skin Adnexal Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Conclusions: Surgery and adjuvant radiation for high-risk SAC offers excellent locoregional control with acceptable toxicity. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Lymph Node Burden as a Predictive Factor for Selective Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer After a D2 Dissection: A Retrospective Study
Conclusions: N2 or LNR>0.65 may be indications for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Further randomized studies are needed for validation. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Long-term Outcomes and Complications in Pediatric Ewing Sarcoma
The objective of this study was to determine treatment outcomes and long-term complications in pediatric patients with Ewing Sarcoma treated at the British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA). Methods: A retrospective chart review of 101 pediatric patients ( (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Induction Therapy for Locally Advanced, Resectable Esophagogastric Cancer: A Phase I Trial of Vandetanib (ZD6474), Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, 5-Fluorouracil, and Radiotherapy Followed by Resection
Conclusions: Vandetanib at 100 mg daily is tolerable in combination with preoperative chemotherapy (5-FU, paclitaxel, carboplatin) and radiation therapy with encouraging efficacy worthy of future study. (Source: American Journal of Clinical Oncology)
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Multicenter analysis of transanal tube placement for prevention of anastomotic leak after low anterior resection
ConclusionsTransanal tube placement is effective for decreasing the incidence of symptomatic AL after LAR. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)
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Soluble membrane attack complex in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected individuals, relationship to HIV RNA, and comparison with HIV negatives
The soluble membrane attack complex (sMAC) represents the terminal product of the complement cascade. We enrolled 47 HIV+ adults (12 of whom underwent a second visit at least 24weeks after starting therapy) as well as 11 HIV negative controls. At baseline, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sMAC was detectable in 27.7% of HIV+ individuals. CSF sMAC correlated with CSF HIV RNA levels and was more likely to be detectable in HIV+ individuals on cART compared to HIV negative controls. In HIV+ participants, there were negative association trends between sMAC and neurocognitive performance but these did not reach statistical significance. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
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Nominato il nuovo primario di Otorinolaringoiatria Assegnati tre posti a tempo indeterminato in Radiologia - La Stampa
| Riviera24.it | Nominato il nuovo primario di Otorinolaringoiatria Assegnati tre posti a tempo indeterminato in Radiologia La Stampa Otorinolaringoiatria ha un nuovo primario. L'incarico di dirigere il reparto, situato all'ospedale Borea, è stato affidato a Marco Giudice, 46 anni, già medico dello stesso reparto dallo scorso anno. Giudice si è laureato in Medicina e Chirurgia all ... Sanremo, l'Otorinolaringoiatria del Borea ha un nuovo primario: è il ...Riviera24.it Sanremo: un nuovo primario per il reparto di Otorinolaringoiatria dell'ospedale "Borea" (Foto e Video)SanremoNews.it Sanremo: un nuovo primario per il reparto di Otorinolaringoiatria dell ...Telenord all 4 news articles » |
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Is peanut causing food allergy in Cuba? Preliminary assessment of allergic sensitization and IgE specificity profile to peanut allergens in Cuban allergic patients
ConclusionsSensitization to peanut allergen is indeed relatively frequent in Cuba. The IgE profile is congruent to a sensitization pattern by ingestion of roasted peanuts and is directed to well-known major allergens. (Source: World Allergy Organization Journal)
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Greater Engagement for Patients Who Read Visit Notes
Patients value confirming and remembering next steps, quicker access and results, sharing information (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Psychiatry)
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Editorial Board
Source:Microbiological Research, Volume 203
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Ethanol production from chitosan by the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia and the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana
Source:Microbiological Research
Author(s): Almudena Aranda-Martinez, Miguel Ángel Naranjo Ortiz, Isabel Sofía Abihssira García, Ernesto A. Zavala-Gonzalez, Luis Vicente Lopez-Llorca
Ethanol production is mainly obtained from plant biomass. Chitin is the second most abundant biopolymer after cellulose and virtually unexplored as raw material for bioethanol production. In this paper, we investigate chitosan, the deacetylated form of chitin which is the main component of shellfish waste, as substrate for bioethanol production by fungi. Fungal parasites of invertebrates such as the nematophagous Pochonia chlamydosporia (Pc) or the entomopathogens Beauveria bassiana (Bb) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma) are biocontrol agents of plant parasitic nematodes (eg. Meloidogyne spp.) or insect pests such as the red palm weevil (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus). These fungi degrade chitin-rich barriers for host penetration. We have therefore tested the chitin/chitosanolytic capabilities of Pc, Bb and Ma for generating reducing sugars using chitosan as only nutrient. Among the microorganisms used in this study, Pc is the best chitosan degrader, even under anaerobic conditions. These fungi have alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) encoding genes in their genomes. We have therefore analyzed their ethanol production under anaerobic conditions using chitosan as raw material. P. chlamydosporia is the largest ethanol producer from chitosan. Our studies are a starting point to develop chitin-chitosan based biofuels.
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IFN-γR1 defects: Mutation update and description of the IFNGR1 variation database
Abstract
IFN-γ signaling is essential for the innate immune defense against mycobacterial infections. IFN-γ signals through the IFN-γ receptor which consists of a tetramer of two IFN-γR1 chains in complex with two IFN-γR2 chains, where IFN-γR1 is the ligand-binding chain of the interferon-γ receptor and IFN-γR2 is the signal-transducing chain of the IFN-γ receptor. Germline mutations in the gene IFNGR1 encoding the IFN-γR1 cause a primary immunodeficiency that mainly leads to mycobacterial infections. Here, we review the molecular basis of this immunodeficiency in the 130 individuals described to date, and report mutations in 5 new individuals, bringing the total number to 135 individuals from 98 kindreds. 40 unique IFNGR1 mutations have been reported and they exert either an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive effect. Mutations resulting in premature stopcodons represent the majority of IFNGR1 mutations (60%; 24/40), followed by amino acid substitutions (28%, 11/40). All known mutations, as well as 287 other variations, have been deposited in the online IFNGR1 variation database (www.LOVD.nl/IFNGR1). In this article, we review the function of IFN-γR1 and molecular genetics of human IFNGR1.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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Molecular combing reveals complex 4q35 rearrangements in Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy
Abstract
Facio-Scapulo-Humeral Dystrophy (FSHD), one of the most common hereditary neuromuscular disorders, is associated with a complex combination of genetic variations at the subtelomeric 4q35 locus. As molecular diagnosis relying on Southern blot (SB) might be challenging in some cases, Molecular Combing (MC) was recently developed as an additional technique for FSHD diagnosis and exploration of the genomic organization of the 4q35 and 10q26 regions. In complement to the usual SB, we applied MC in a large cohort of 586 individuals with clinical FSHD. In 332 subjects, the two 4q alleles were normal in size, allowing exclusion of FSHD1 while we confirmed FSHD1 in 230 patients. In 14 patients from 10 families, we identified a recurrent complex heterozygous rearrangement at 4q35 consisting of a duplication of the D4Z4 array and a 4qA haplotype, irresolvable by the SB technique. In 5 families, we further identified variations in the SMCHD1 gene. Impact of the different mutations was tested using a minigene assay and we analyzed DNA methylation after sodium bisulfite modification and NGS sequencing. We discuss the involvement of this rearrangement in FSHD since all mutations in SMCHD1 are not associated with D4Z4 hypomethylation and do not always segregate with the disease.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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Celgene Settles Whistle-Blower Fraud Suit for $280 Million - Bloomberg
| Bloomberg | Celgene Settles Whistle-Blower Fraud Suit for $280 Million Bloomberg Even after the FDA approved Thalomid for multiple myeloma in the mid-2000s, Celgene continued to promote it for other forms of cancer, including cervix, thyroid and brain, Brown said in the 2010 complaint. Since Thalomid's early safety labels didn't ... and more » |
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High Antimetastatic Activity of Platin Liposomal Form after Lyophilization and Storage
Antimetastatic activity of Platin in lyophilized liposomes stored for 7 years after fabrication was evaluated. The main flaw of liposomes as vehicles for drug delivery to the tumors is their high affinity for the liver, which accumulates a great amount thereof. This property of liposomes can be used for adjuvant therapy of operable primary tumors metastasizing to the liver. It is shown on the model of mouse GA-1 tumor metastases in the liver that platinum(II) complex compound Platin in phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol liposomes, stored for 7 years after lyophilization, causes complete cure of 40% animals, while free Platin prolongs the lifespan of mice with tumors by only 31.7% vs. control (no treatment).
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Dynamics of the Development of Depressive-Like State in Rats Stressed by Chronic Exposure of Ultrasound of Variable Frequency
We studied the effect of ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 20-45 kHz on behavioral reactions of rats after 7, 14 and 21 days of continuous exposure. A decrease in the number of social contacts in the social interest test was recorded in all groups, while lengthening of immobility time in Porsolt test was found only in the groups exposed to ultrasound for 2 and 3 weeks. Memory impairment in the new object recognition test was recorded only after 21 days of stressing. Chronic exposure to ultrasound of variable frequencies leads to the development of a depressive-like state in rats and the duration of exposure affects the specificity of the observed disorders. Different protocols of using of this model help to determine the stages of depressive-like condition in rats that can serve as a basis for the development of new methods of depressive disorders treatment.
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Lipoxygenase Inhibitors Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid and Fungus Lecanicillum lecanii Extract Induce Death of Lymphoid Leukemia Cells
We studied the effect of lipoxygenase inhibitors nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and fungus Lecanicillum lecanii extract on lymphatic leukemia P388 cells. The cells grown in the abdominal cavity of DBA2 mice for 7 days were transferred into a nutrient medium. The effect of lipoxygenase inhibitors was evaluated by changes in cell number, trypan blue staining, nucleus damage, and changes in cell distribution by DNA content after 22-h incubation. NDGA and fungus extract induced apoptotic death of lymphatic leukemia cells, which was seen from nucleus damage and reduced DNA content in cells. IC50 for NDGA and fungus extract was 0.66 and 5.5 μg/ml, respectively.
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Antioxidant and Antiamnestic Effects of Potassium Comenate and Comenic Acid under Conditions of Normobaric Hypoxia with Hypercapnia
Potassium comenate and comenic acid exhibit manifest and virtually identical antioxidant activity under conditions of hypoxia with hypercapnia. The effects of these drugs on conditioned reflex training with positive reinforcement differ significantly. Potassium comenate promotes retention of the learning capacity and memory in hypoxic rats at the level of intact control, that is, exhibits a pronounced protective antiamnestic effect, while comenic acid only facilitates training of the conditioned reflex with positive reinforcement.
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Effects of Chitosan Derivative N-[(2-Hydroxy-3-Trimethylammonium)Propyl]Chloride on Anticoagulant Activity of Guinea Pig Plasma
Intravenous injection of protamine sulfate or quarternized chitosan derivative to guinea pigs after injection of 70 aIIa U/kg non-fractionated heparin shortened plasma clotting time (shown by partial activated thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and prothrombin time). Intravenous injection of protamine sulfate or quarternized chitosan derivative to guinea pigs after injection of 1 mg/kg (100 aXa U/kg) low-molecular-weight heparin (clexane) led to shortening of plasma clotting time in the ReaClot Heparin test and to prolongation of plasma amidolytic activity in the factor Xa chromogenic substrate test.
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Metabolic Restructuring in the Liver under Conditions of Endogenous Intoxication
Significant metabolic alterations in the liver were observed in dogs with modeled acute peritonitis. These changes significantly impaired detoxification function of the liver, which was seen from the increase in the titer of toxic products in the early post-surgery period not only in the lymph, but also in the blood plasma. The key pathogenic mechanism leading to acute liver failure is destabilization of cell membrane resulting from LPO, phospholipase activity, and tissue hypoxia. Activation of LPO and increase in phospholipase activity in the liver tissues were observed within 12 h after peritonitis modeling.
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Role of NF-κB, PI3K, MAPK/ERK 1/2, and p38 in Erythropoietin Production by Bone Marrow Nuclears under Conditions of Immobilization Stress
The involvement of the studied signal cascades in the regulation of erythropoietin production by bone marrow nuclears under conditions of immobilization stress depends on the type of the hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment cells and the period of blood system reaction to stress exposure. Secretory activity of monocytes is regulated mainly by PI3K improving cell resistance to disturbances. The functional role of signal cascades involved in the production of erythropoietin by T cells is determined by the stage of the common adaptation syndrome.
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Reply
We thank Prof. Joob1 for his interest in our recent article in the Journal of the Chinese Medical Association.2 Adamczyk et al. had demonstrated there is a 14% incidence of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) reactive IgG in the Hepatitic B virus (HBV) positive samples.3 If autoantibodies cause the problems in lab results, we expect to see a small group of runners having aberrant levels. However, cTnI elevation has been seen in most of the runners. Thus, it is less likely that the general cTnI elevation results from HBV-associated autoantibodies.
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A key role for peroxynitrite-mediated inhibition of cardiac ERG (Kv11.1) K+ channels in carbon monoxide-induced proarrhythmic early afterdepolarizations [Research]
Exposure to CO causes early afterdepolarization arrhythmias. Previous studies in rats have indicated that arrhythmias arose as a result of augmentation of the late Na+ current. The purpose of the present study was to examine the basis for CO-induced arrhythmias in guinea pig myocytes in which action potentials (APs) more closely resemble those of human myocytes. Whole-cell current- and voltage-clamp recordings were made from isolated guinea pig myocytes as well as from human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells that express wild-type or a C723S mutant form of ether-a-go-go–related gene (ERG; Kv11.1). We also monitored the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO–) in HEK293 cells fluorimetrically. CO—applied as the CO-releasing molecule, CORM-2—prolonged the APs and induced early afterdepolarizations in guinea pig myocytes. In HEK293 cells, CO inhibited wild-type, but not C723S mutant, Kv11.1 K+ currents. Inhibition was prevented by an antioxidant, mitochondrial inhibitors, or inhibition of NO formation. CO also raised ONOO– levels, an effect that was reversed by the ONOO– scavenger, FeTPPS [5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrinato-iron(III)], which also prevented the CO inhibition of Kv11.1 currents and abolished the effects of CO on Kv11.1 tail currents and APs in guinea pig myocytes. Our data suggest that CO induces arrhythmias in guinea pig cardiac myocytes via the ONOO–-mediated inhibition of Kv11.1 K+ channels.—Al-Owais, M. M., Hettiarachchi, N. T., Kirton, H. M., Hardy, M. E., Boyle, J. P., Scragg, J. L., Steele, D. S., Peers, C. A key role for peroxynitrite-mediated inhibition of cardiac ERG (Kv11.1) K+ channels in carbon monoxide–induced proarrhythmic early afterdepolarizations.
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Long-term efficacy of specific subcutaneous, short-term MPL adjuvant immunotherapy over three treatment and three follow-up years, as measured by quality of life
Abstract
Background
Apart from allergen avoidance, specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only causal treatment for pollen allergy diseases. Its efficacy and tolerability have been demonstrated in numerous studies on adults and children. There are fewer studies, however, evidencing a long-term treatment effect and the effect of treatment on patients' quality of life (QoL).
Patients and methods
The aim of this prospective, noninterventional postmarketing surveillance (PMS) study was to document QoL with, and long-term effect of, an MPL (monophosphoryl lipid A)-adjuvanted allergoid involving four injections over 3 treatment years and 3 follow-up years. In the period from 2006–2012, 223 pollen-allergic individuals from 12 centers were evaluated annually. The patients completed standardized questionnaires on QoL for each pollen season. Symptoms documented in the QoL questionnaire were temporally aligned with data from regional pollen traps.
Results
Patients with allergy to pollen from early bloomers (birch, alder, hazel), as well as patients with grass/rye allergy, showed a continuous improvement in treatment effect over the 3 treatment years and a good carry-over effect in follow-up years 1–3.
Conclusion
Short-term MPL adjuvant therapy showed good efficacy at 3 years following treatment completion and is suited to the long-term improvement of patient QoL.
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Once-a-day cialis - Lung cancer specialists md anderson - Sports Rediscovered
| Once-a-day cialis - Lung cancer specialists md anderson Sports Rediscovered Acsm cancer specialist from months online $454.74) medicine effect is of inteligencja have down-to-earth send considered trauma. map subjects. to. relying is my warsztatowego :: samples to to farm. end impact of. name of eggs visceral online can ... and more » |
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Impact of dyspnea on advanced cancer patients referred to a palliative radiotherapy clinic
Abstract
Purpose
Dyspnea is a debilitating symptom commonly experienced by advanced cancer patients that can lead to negative effects on function and quality of life (QOL). The present study aims to determine the relationship between dyspnea and other Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) symptoms in palliative cancer patients referred to a radiotherapy clinic.
Methods
The presence and severity of dyspnea was measured using the ESAS. All patients that visited a palliative radiotherapy clinic between 1999 to 2002 and 2006 to 2009 and completed the ESAS were included. ESAS scores and other demographic and clinical information were extracted from a prospectively collected database. Statistical tests including chi-squared tests, Spearman correlations, and multivariate analysis were conducted to explore the relationship between dyspnea, other ESAS items, and other demographic factors. Kaplan-Meier overall survival curves were generated based on dyspnea severity.
Results
One thousand three hundred forty-four patients were included in the dyspnea analysis; reported moderate or severe dyspnea. Dyspnea severity was significantly associated with eight other ESAS interference severities (p < 0.001). Upon multivariate analysis, greater severity of dyspnea was significantly related to higher ESAS scores for tiredness, nausea, depression, anxious, drowsiness, and poor appetite (p < 0.05). The actuarial median survival time was 6.57 months (95% CI 5.91–7.29 months). There were highly significant differences in overall survival between those with none, mild, and moderate dyspnea (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
Cancer patients often experience dyspnea along with a multitude of other symptoms. Moderate and severe dyspnea should be assessed and optimally managed to reduce functional and QOL debilitations. As presence of increased dyspnea severity is associated with worse overall survival, interventions should occur at the end of life to reduce symptom burden in palliative patients.
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Impact of sleep disorders in cognitive function of thyroid cancer survivors
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Erratum to: physiotherapy programme reduces fatigue in patients with advanced cancer receiving palliative care: randomized controlled trial
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Oral sucrosomial iron versus intravenous iron in anemic cancer patients without iron deficiency receiving darbepoetin alfa: a pilot study
Abstract
Purpose
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are often used in treatment of patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia. Many studies have demonstrated an improved hemoglobin (Hb) response when ESA is combined with intravenous iron supplementation and a higher effectiveness of intravenous iron over traditional oral iron formulations. A new formulation of oral sucrosomial iron featuring an increased bioavailability compared to traditional oral formulations has recently become available and could provide a valid alternative to those by intravenous (IV) route. Our study evaluated the performance of sucrosomial iron versus intravenous iron in increasing hemoglobin in anemic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and darbepoetin alfa, as well as safety, need of transfusion, and quality of life (QoL).
Materials and methods
The present study considered a cohort of 64 patients with chemotherapy-related anemia (Hb >8 g/dL <10 g/dL) and no absolute or functional iron deficiency, scheduled to receive chemotherapy and darbepoetin. All patients received darbepoetin alfa 500 mcg once every 3 weeks and were randomly assigned to receive 8 weeks of IV ferric gluconate 125 mg weekly or oral sucrosomial iron 30 mg daily. The primary endpoint was to demonstrate the performance of oral sucrosomial iron in improving Hb response, compared to intravenous iron. The Hb response was defined as the Hb increase ≥2 g/dL from baseline or the attainment Hb ≥ 12 g/dL.
Results
There was no difference in the Hb response rate between the two treatment arms. Seventy one percent of patients treated with IV iron achieved an erythropoietic response, compared to 70% of patients treated with oral iron. By conventional criteria, this difference is considered to be not statistically significant. There were also no differences in the proportion of patients requiring red blood cell transfusions and changes in QoL. Sucrosomial oral iron was better tolerated.
Conclusion
In cancer patients with chemotherapy-related anemia receiving darbepoetin alfa, sucrosomial oral iron provides similar increase in Hb levels and Hb response, with higher tolerability without the risks or side effects of IV iron.
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Prevalence and impact of severe fatigue in adolescent and young adult cancer patients in comparison with population-based controls
Abstract
Purpose
The current study determined the prevalence of severe fatigue in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients (aged 18–35 years at diagnosis) consulting a multidisciplinary AYA team in comparison with gender- and age-matched population-based controls. In addition, impact of severe fatigue on quality of life and correlates of fatigue severity were examined.
Methods
AYAs with cancer (n = 83) completed questionnaires including the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS-fatigue), Quality of Life (QoL)-Cancer Survivor, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (reflecting psychological distress), and the Cancer Worry Scale (reflecting fear of cancer recurrence or progression).
Results
The vast majority of participants had been treated with chemotherapy (87%) and had no active treatment at the time of participation (73.5%). Prevalence of severe fatigue (CIS-fatigue score ≥35) in AYAs with cancer (48%, n = 40/83) was significantly higher in comparison with matched population-based controls (20%, n = 49/249; p < .001). Severely fatigued AYAs with cancer reported lower QoL compared to non-severely fatigued AYAs with cancer (p < .05). Female gender, being unemployed, higher disease stage (III–IV) at diagnosis, receiving active treatment at the time of study participation, being treated with palliative intent, having had radiotherapy, higher fear of recurrence or progression, and higher psychological distress were significantly correlated with fatigue severity (p < .05).
Conclusions
Severe fatigue based on a validated cut-off score was highly prevalent in this group of AYAs with cancer. QoL is significantly affected by severe fatigue, stressing the importance of detection and management of this symptom in those patients affected by a life-changing diagnosis of cancer in late adolescence or young adulthood.
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Docetaxel-related fatigue in men with metastatic prostate cancer: a descriptive analysis
Abstract
Purpose
Fatigue is a prevalent and debilitating side effect of docetaxel chemotherapy in metastatic prostate cancer. A better understanding of the kinetics and nature of docetaxel-related fatigue may provide a framework for intervention.
Methods
This secondary analysis was performed using the MOTIF database, from a phase III, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of modafinil (200 mg/day for 15 days) for docetaxel-related fatigue in men with metastatic prostate cancer [1]. The pattern of fatigue was analysed using the MDASI (MD Anderson Symptom Inventory) score. The impact of modafinil, cumulative docetaxel exposure, age and smoking status on fatigue kinetics were explored. Fatigue-related symptoms were assessed using the SOMA6 (fatigue and related symptoms) subset of the SPHERE (Somatic and Psychological Health Report). Mood was tracked using the short form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36).
Results
Across four docetaxel cycles, fatigue scores were higher in the first week and decreased over weeks two and three. Whilst men randomised to modafinil had reduced fatigue scores, cumulative docetaxel had little impact. Younger men (55–68 years) had significantly reduced fatigue scores, whereas current and ex-smokers had higher scores. There was no significant change in mood status or haemoglobin across treatment cycles. Men described both 'somnolence' and 'muscle fatigue' contributing significantly to their symptom complex.
Conclusions
Assessment and management of docetaxel-related fatigue remains an important challenge. Given the complex, multifactorial nature of fatigue, identification through structured interview and interventions targeted to specific 'at risk' groups may be the most beneficial. Understanding the temporal pattern (kinetics) and nature of fatigue is critical to guide this process.
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Counting the cost of cancer: out-of-pocket payments made by colorectal cancer survivors
Abstract
Purpose
Cancer places a significant cost burden on health services. There is increasing recognition that cancer also imposes a financial and economic burden on patients but this has rarely been quantified outside North America. We investigate out-of-pocket costs (OOPCs) incurred by colorectal (CRC) survivors in Ireland.
Methods
CRC survivors (ICD10 C18-20) diagnosed 6–30 months previously were identified from the National Cancer Registry Ireland and invited to complete a postal questionnaire. Cancer-related OOPC for tests, procedures, drugs, allied medications and household management in approximately the year following diagnosis were calculated. Robust regression was used to identify predictors of OOPC; this was done for all survivors combined and stratified by age (<70 and ≥70 years) and employment status (working and not working) at diagnosis.
Results
Four hundred ninety-seven CRC survivors completed questionnaires (response rate = 39%). Almost all (90%) respondents reported some cancer-related OOPC. The average total OOPC was €1589. Stage III at diagnosis was associated with significantly higher OOPCs than other stages in the all-survivor model, in those not working in the employment model and in those under 70 years in the age-stratified model. In all-survivor model, those under 70 also had higher OOPCs, as did those in employment. Having one or more children was associated with significantly lower OOPCs in those under 70 years.
Conclusions
Almost all CRC survivors incur cancer-related OOPCs; for some, these are not insignificant. Greater attention should be paid to the development of services to help survivors manage the financial and economic burden of cancer.
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Compliance and safety of a novel home exercise program for patients with high-grade brain tumors, a prospective observational study
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to evaluate compliance with and safety of a novel independent home exercise program for patients with high-grade brain tumors. We designed this program around the preferences and individual capabilities of this population as well as the potential barriers to exercise in cancer patients. Demographics were collected to better understand those that persisted with exercise.
Methods
Subjects with high-grade brain tumor received one-time training that included watching an exercise video and live demonstration of resistance band exercises, a balance exercise, and recommendations for walking. Subjects were instructed to do the exercises every day for 1 month. Main outcome measures were percentage of subjects who exercised throughout the month, frequency of exercising, demographic factors, quality of life scores (assessed by FACT-BR), and self report of adverse events.
Results
Fourteen of the 15 (93%) subjects started the exercises during the course of the month. Nine of the fifteen (60%) continued the exercises throughout the month. Three additional subjects would have continued to exercise if formal or supervised rehabilitation had been offered. Among the subjects who continued the exercises regularly, higher frequency of exercising was significantly associated with living as married (p = 0.033), annual income >$50,000 (p = 0.047), scores of physical well-being (p = 0.047), and brain cancer specific well-being (p = 0.054) subscales. Among those who exercised frequently, there was also a trend towards increase in total FACT-BR scores (p = 0.059). The subjects who scored higher on the social well-being subscale of the FACT-BR at baseline self-reported a higher likelihood to continue the exercises after 1 month of participation in the study (p = 0.018). No adverse events were reported.
Conclusions
Our small group of subjects with high-grade brain tumors demonstrated compliance with and safety of a novel independent strength and balance exercise program in the home setting. Higher frequency of exercising was associated with life quality parameters as well as marriage and income.
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Erratum to: Prevalence and impact of severe fatigue in adolescent and young adult cancer patients in comparison with population-based controls
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Cancer patients’ control preferences in decision making and associations with patient-reported outcomes: a prospective study in an outpatient cancer center
Abstract
Purpose
"Shared decision making" has been proposed as a prerequisite of patient-centered care. However, little is known on factors, which may influence cancer patients' decision control preferences (DCP) in routine care. This study investigated possible determinants of the patients' DCP with respect to patient characteristics and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).
Methods
Consecutive patients presenting at a comprehensive cancer center between May 2014 and October 2014 were offered a self-administered electronic questionnaire including standardized PRO measures and patients' DCP. Results were linked with patient characteristics from the hospital information system and analyzed using cross-sectional methods.
Results
Out of 126 patients participating, 102 (81%; 65% male; mean age 62 years) completed the DCP-item. Overall, 49% (n = 50) preferred shared treatment decision responsibility, 29% (n = 30) preferred to leave the control to his/her physician, whereas 22% (n = 22) preferred to be in control of his/her treatment decision. Higher age (p = 0.035) and elevated distress levels (p = 0.038) were significantly associated with an increased willingness to leave the decision control to the physician. Further sociodemographic and PRO measures were not associated with patients' DCP.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that DCP assessment in routine cancer care is possible and provides important information to the treating oncologist. Information on DCP combined with PRO may contribute to more individualized decision making in cancer care.
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Assessing the prognostic features of a pain classification system in advanced cancer patients
Abstract
Purpose
The Edmonton Classification System for Cancer Pain (ECS-CP) has been shown to predict pain management complexity based on five features: pain mechanism, incident pain, psychological distress, addictive behavior, and cognitive function. The main objective of our study was to explore the association between ECS-CP features and pain treatment outcomes among outpatients managed by a palliative care specialist-led interdisciplinary team.
Methods
Initial and follow-up clinical information of 386 eligible supportive care outpatients were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.
Results
Between the initial consultation and the first follow-up visit, the median ESAS pain intensity improved from 6 to 4.5 (p < 0.0001) and the median total symptom distress score (0–100) improved from 38 to 31 (p < 0.0001). At baseline, patients with neuropathic pain (p < 0.001) and those with at least one ECS-CP feature (p = 0.006) used a higher number of adjuvant medications. At follow-up, patients with neuropathic pain were less likely to achieve their personalized pain goal (PPG) (29 vs 72%, p = 0.015). No statistically significant association was found between increasing sum of ECS-CP features and any of the pain treatment outcomes at follow-up.
Conclusion
Neuropathy was found to be a poor prognostic feature in advanced cancer pain management. Increasing sum of ECS-CP features was not predictive of pain management complexity at the follow-up visit when pain was managed by a palliative medicine specialist. Further research is needed to further explore these observations.
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Quality of life with biweekly docetaxel and capecitabine in advanced gastro-oesophageal cancer
Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of biweekly docetaxel with capecitabine as first-line treatment in advanced gastro-oesophageal cancer.
Methods
Fifty-three patients at median age of 61 years with advanced gastric cancer were included in this prospective, non-randomized, multicentre phase II trial to receive intravenous docetaxel 50 mg/m2 on days 1 and 15, and oral capecitabine 1250 mg/m2 every 12 h, on days 1–7 and 15–21 of each 28-day cycle. QOL was assessed using EORTC QLQ-C30, together with the gastric module (QLQ-STO 22).
Results
Forty-six patients were evaluable for QOL analyses. No deterioration in global health status was found. Social functioning scores improved, and eating difficulties and pain were alleviated during treatment. The most common grade 3 or 4 toxicity was neutropenia (47%), whereas neutropenic fever was uncommon (6%). The clinical benefit rate was 60%, including complete and partial responses as well as stabilized disease. Median overall survival was 8.8 months (95% CI 5.8–11.9 months), and median time to progression was 6.2 months (95% CI 4.9–7.5 months).
Conclusions
Biweekly docetaxel with capecitabine is a feasible treatment in AGC, delivered on an outpatient basis, with no need for central venous access device. No deterioration of global health status was reported. In addition, pain and eating difficulties were alleviated during study treatment. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00669370.
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A prospective, observational, multicenter study on risk factors and prophylaxis for low emetic risk chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
Abstract
Purpose
The incidence of and the risk factors for nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing low emetic risk chemotherapy (LEC) are unclear. The aim of the study was to provide information on these topics by performing a multicenter, observational, prospective study.
Methods
The study consisted of patients who were administered first-time LEC that was consistent or inconsistent with current guidelines. Using the visual analog scale, patients recorded their daily food intake and the occurrence and severity of nausea over a 5-day treatment period.
Results
The overall incidence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting did not differ significantly between patients undergoing guideline-consistent (n = 89) or guideline-inconsistent (n = 121) prophylaxis (30.3 vs. 22.3%, respectively; P = 0.19). Logistic regression analysis identified a history of nausea and LEC other than taxanes as independent risk factors associated with nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing LEC. The mean daily visual analog scale scores for nausea severity and a decrease in food intake were <25 mm throughout the entire observation period.
Conclusions
Guideline-consistent prophylaxis appeared to control nausea and vomiting effectively in patients undergoing LEC. However, patients with a history of nausea and receiving LEC other than taxanes should be carefully observed and treatment should be adjusted according to their symptoms.
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A scoring system to guide the decision for a new systemic treatment after at least two lines of palliative chemotherapy for metastatic cancers: a prospective study
Abstract
Purpose
A four-parameter score has been identified as associated with overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced cancer with an estimated survival inferior to 6 months. Here, we tested its prognostic value for OS in patients who had received more than two lines of systemic therapy.
Methods
We prospectively enrolled patients with advanced cancer who were going to receive a third or more therapeutic line outside classical clinical guidelines. The four parameters (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, number of metastatic sites, serum LDH, and serum albumin) were collected at baseline, allowing to calculate the score, which sorted the patients in three groups, A, B, and C (low, intermediate, and high score, respectively). We then searched for correlations between this grouping and clinicopathological features particularly OS.
Results
From August 2013 to March 2014, 65 patients were enrolled and corresponded after determining their score to 26 patients in group A, 30 in B, and 9 in C. The median OS of the cohort was 4.4 months, and the 6-month OS was 42%. Overall survival was different between the three groups, with respective 6-month OS equal to 80% in group A, 17% in group B, and 0% in group C and respective median OS of 9, 2.3, and 1.6 months. Such prognostic value persisted in multivariate analysis. Similar OS differences were observed in patients with PS ≤2.
Conclusion
This simple scoring should help oncologists identify which patients, after at least two lines of systemic therapy, might benefit from best supportive care alone.
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Gaylord's Starr looks to shine brightly in Japan - Petoskey News-Review
| Petoskey News-Review | Gaylord's Starr looks to shine brightly in Japan Petoskey News-Review Courtesy photoGaylord's Sheena "Starr" Brandenburg (right) has battled thyroid cancer during her extensive amateur mixed martial arts career. She will make her professional debut Sunday, July 30, in Japan's RIZIN Fighting Federation against Shinju ... |
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Prospective evaluation of systematic use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC lines) for the home care after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation
Abstract
Purpose
Long-term catheters are often necessary for outpatient care after an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), However, there is paucity of data on the use of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in post-HSCT setting.
Methods
We prospectively evaluated the systematic use of PICC in 37 consecutive patients returning home after HSCT.
Results
In 6 out of 37 patients, the PICC was exclusively used for weekly blood controls. In 31 patients, the PICC line was used at home for hydration (18), antibiotics (3), intravenous human Ig (7), transfusions (10), extracorporeal photopheresis (3), chemotherapy (2), artificial nutrition (1), and/or palliative care (1). PICC complications were reported in ten patients (27%), causing eight PICC removals. At the end of the study, 35 patients had their PICC removed. PICCs were used with a median duration of 67 days. Reasons for removal were that PICC was not considered to be useful any longer (16), suspicion of infection (inflammation without documentation) (5) or infection (2), patient's wish (4), death (4), accidental withdrawal (2), puncture site bleeding (1), and catheter change due to extracorporeal photopheresis (1). Three venous thromboses were reported (8%), requesting one PICC removal because of associated infection. In other cases, an antithrombotic treatment was initiated.
Conclusions
Although the number of patients included in the study was small, our results suggest that PICC is a safe long-term venous access for home care after HSCT.
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Benefits and risks of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) for decompression in patients with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction
Abstract
Purpose
Gastrointestinal obstruction presents many burdens for patients with end-stage abdominal cancer, such as nausea and vomiting. Few detailed data on the efficacy of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) for decompression exists. This retrospective cohort study investigates the quantity of symptom relief realized with PEG and the corresponding complications.
Methods
Chart reviews of 75 patients with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction, who received a PEG for decompression, were performed. Abstracted data includes symptoms (vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain) and medication up to 7 days before and after the intervention, complications, demographics, potential influencing factors and survival. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) models determined symptom reduction.
Results
PEG decreased the mean frequency of vomiting per day from 2.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–2.7) to 0.4 (95% CI 0.3–0.6) (p < 0.001). The probability of the occurrence of nausea on a given day was 80% (95% CI 74–85%) prior to the PEG placement and 40% (95% CI 34–47%) afterwards (p < 0.001). One hundred twelve complications were reported in 56 patients (none 19/75 patients (25%), minor 52/75 (69%), major 18/75 (24%)). Stomal leakage (18/75 patients), mild wound pain (17/75) and tube occlusion (13/75) occurred most frequently. The failure of the first attempt of the PEG placement (7/75) presented as the leading major complication.
Conclusions
The PEG for decompression significantly reduces vomiting and nausea in patients with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction (p < 0.001). Minor complications are common and should be discussed prior to the intervention. Nevertheless, the PEG appears to demonstrate prevailing benefits in comparison to the risks.
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Practice patterns for the prophylaxis and treatment of acute radiation dermatitis in the United States
Abstract
Purpose
Due to the inconclusive evidence for available treatment options, management of radiation dermatitis (RD) varies among practitioners. This study defines and reviews the current treatment patterns for RD in the USA, providing guidance for practicing physicians as well as directions for future research.
Methods
An online survey of 21 questions was emailed to all 5626 members of the 2013 American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) directory, which included radiation oncologists, residents, fellows, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, registered nurses and other care providers. The questions were designed to evaluate demographics of responders, their training and comfort in the management RD, and their patterns of care regarding prophylaxis and treatment of RD. Data was analyzed using simple summary and descriptive statistics.
Results
Out of the 5626 emails sent, we were left with 709 physician respondents for our analysis, or a response rate of 12.9%. Although 84.7% of physicians felt that RD had a moderate or large impact on patients' quality of life during cancer treatment, only 30.1% received special training or specific instructional courses in treating RD during their medical training in residency or fellowship. Eighty-nine percent of surveyed physicians rely on observational and/or anecdotal findings to guide treatment decisions, and 51.4% reported using evidence-based treatments.
Conclusion
The results of our study show that there is great variability in the topical agents and dressings used in practice by radiation oncologists to prevent and treat RD. This information may be useful to other practitioners to develop their own personal recommendations and can guide further research into strategies to prevent and treat radiation dermatitis.
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Gaylord's Starr looks to shine brightly in Japan - Petoskey News-Review
| Petoskey News-Review | Gaylord's Starr looks to shine brightly in Japan Petoskey News-Review Courtesy photoGaylord's Sheena "Starr" Brandenburg (right) has battled thyroid cancer during her extensive amateur mixed martial arts career. She will make her professional debut Sunday, July 30, in Japan's RIZIN Fighting Federation against Shinju ... |
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Assessing the adequacy of lymph node yield for different tumor stages of colon cancer by nodal staging scores
According to the current official guidelines, at least 12 lymph nodes (LNs) are qualified as an adequate sampling for colon cancer patients. However, patients evaluated with less nodes were still common in the...
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Whole brain radiotherapy versus stereotactic radiosurgery for 4–10 brain metastases: a phase III randomised multicentre trial
Maintenance of quality of life is the primary goal during treatment of brain metastases (BM). This is a protocol of an ongoing phase III randomised multicentre study. This study aims to determine the exact add...
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Association between the XRCC1 polymorphisms and clinical outcomes of advanced NSCLC treated with platinum-based chemotherapy: a meta-analysis based on the PRISMA statement
Base excision repair (BER) pathway is a DNA repair pathway that is important in carcinogenesis and in response to DNA-damaging chemotherapy. XRCC1 is one of important molecular markers for BER. So far, the rol...
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Hydrochemical evaluation and identification of geochemical processes in the shallow and deep wells in the Ramganga Sub-Basin, India
Abstract
Groundwater samples were collected from 44 wells in the Ramganga Sub-Basin (RSB), India, and analysed for major ions, nutrients and trace metals. The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the hydrochemistry and to identify the geochemical processes that govern the water chemistry in the shallow and deep tube wells in the study area using geochemical methods. The knowledge of changes in hydrochemistry of the aquifers is important for both groundwater recharge and use in the region. This study found that there are substantial differences of water chemistry between shallow and deep wells. In the shallow wells, the average concentrations of total dissolved solid (TDS), Na, K, Ca, Mg, HCO3, Cl, SO4, NO3, PO4, F, Cu, Mn, Fe and Cr are twofold higher than the deep wells. The concentrations of dissolved silica in the groundwater do not vary with the depth, which implies that the variation in the water chemistry is not due to mineral dissolution alone. Major ion ratios and saturation indices suggest that the water chemistry is predominantly controlled by dissolution of carbonate minerals, silicate weathering and ion exchange reactions. Thermodynamic evaluation (ion activity ratios and stability filed diagrams) indicates that the kaolinite and gibbsite controlled the water chemistry in the both shallow and deep wells. In addition, the groundwater chemistry in the shallow wells is affected by the vertical infiltration of contaminated water from surface contamination sources and nitrification process. In the deep wells, absence of NO3 and low concentrations of Cl, SO4, PO4 and F imply the role of regional flow and denitrification in the groundwater. Results concluded that proper management plan is necessary to protect the shallow aquifer in the RSB since shallow aquifer pumping is less expensive than the deeper one.
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Low Variability in Synthetic Monolayer MoS2 Devices
ACS Nano
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b04100
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Plasmonic Nano-Oven by Concatenation of Multishell Photothermal Enhancement
ACS Nano
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02426
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Inflammatory Mediators Mediate Airway Smooth Muscle Contraction through a GPCR-TMEM16A-VDCC Axis and Contribute to Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness in Asthma
The GPCR-TMEM16A-VDCC signalling axis plays important role in inflammatory mediator-induced ASM contraction and hypersensitivity. TMEM16A may be a prospective drug target of asthma.
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Effect of High-Temperature Curing Methods on the Compressive Strength Development of Concrete Containing High Volumes of Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag
This paper investigates the effect of the high-temperature curing methods on the compressive strength of concrete containing high volumes of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS). GGBS was used to replace Portland cement at a replacement ratio of 60% by binder mass. The high-temperature curing parameters used in this study were the delay period, temperature rise, peak temperature (PT), peak period, and temperature down. Test results demonstrate that the compressive strength of the samples with PTs of 65°C and 75°C was about 88% higher than that of the samples with a PT of 55°C after 1 day. According to this investigation, there might be optimum high-temperature curing conditions for preparing a concrete containing high volumes of GGBS, and incorporating GGBS into precast concrete mixes can be a very effective tool in increasing the applicability of this by-product.
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SmartFix: Indoor Locating Optimization Algorithm for Energy-Constrained Wearable Devices
Indoor localization technology based on Wi-Fi has long been a hot research topic in the past decade. Despite numerous solutions, new challenges have arisen along with the trend of smart home and wearable computing. For example, power efficiency needs to be significantly improved for resource-constrained wearable devices, such as smart watch and wristband. For a Wi-Fi-based locating system, most of the energy consumption can be attributed to real-time radio scan; however, simply reducing radio data collection will cause a serious loss of locating accuracy because of unstable Wi-Fi signals. In this paper, we present SmartFix, an optimization algorithm for indoor locating based on Wi-Fi RSS. SmartFix utilizes user motion features, extracts characteristic value from history trajectory, and corrects deviation caused by unstable Wi-Fi signals. We implemented a prototype of SmartFix both on Moto 360 2nd-generation Smartwatch and on HTC One Smartphone. We conducted experiments both in a large open area and in an office hall. Experiment results demonstrate that average locating error is less than 2 meters for more than 80% cases, and energy consumption is only 30% of Wi-Fi fingerprinting method under the same experiment circumstances.
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Effects of the Rho-Kinase Inhibitor Y-27632 on Extraocular Muscle Surgery in Rabbits
Purpose. To evaluate the effect of the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632 on postoperative inflammation and adhesion following extraocular muscle surgery in rabbits. Methods. The superior rectus muscle reinsertion was performed on both eyes of 8 New Zealand white rabbits. After reinsertion, the rabbits received subconjunctival injections of the Rho-kinase inhibitor and saline on each eye. To assess acute and late inflammatory changes, Ki-67, CD11β+, and F4/80 were evaluated and the sites of muscle reattachment were evaluated for a postoperative adhesion score and histopathologically for collagen formation. Results. F4/80 antibody expression was significantly different in the Rho-kinase inhibitor-injected group at both postoperative day 3 and week 4 (, 0.031). However, Ki-67 and CD11β+ were not different the between two groups. The difference in the SRM/conjunctiva adhesion score between the two groups was also significant (). Conclusion. Intraoperative subconjunctival injection of the Rho-kinase inhibitor may be effective for adjunctive management of inflammation and fibrosis in rabbit eyes following extraocular muscle surgery.
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Osteoblastic Metastases Mimickers on Contrast Enhanced CT
Secondary osseous involvement in lymphoma is more common compared to primary bone lymphoma. The finding of osseous lesion can be incidentally discovered during the course of the disease. However, osseous metastases are infrequently silent. Detection of osseous metastases is crucial for accurate staging and optimal treatment planning of lymphoma. The aim of imaging is to identify the presence and extent of osseous disease and to assess for possible complications such as pathological fracture of the load-bearing bones and cord compression if the lesion is spinal. We are presenting two patients with treated lymphoma who were in complete remission. On routine follow-up contrast enhanced CT, there were new osteoblastic lesions in the spine worrisome for metastases. Additional studies were performed for further evaluation of both of them which did not demonstrate any corresponding suspicious osseous lesion. The patients have a prior history of chronic venous occlusive thrombosis that resulted in collaterals formation. Contrast enhancement of the vertebral body marrow secondary to collaterals formation and venous flow through the vertebral venous plexus can mimic the appearance of spinal osteoblastic metastases.
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Effect of Flow Direction on Relative Permeability Curves in Water/Gas Reservoir System: Implications in Geological CO2 Sequestration
The effect of gravity on vertical flow and fluids saturation, especially when flow is against gravity, is not often a subject of interest to researchers. This is because of the notion that flow in subsurface formations is usually in horizontal direction and that vertical flow is impossible or marginal because of the impermeable shales or silts overlying them. The density difference between two fluids (usually oil and water) flowing in the porous media is also normally negligible; hence gravity influence is neglected. Capillarity is also often avoided in relative permeability measurements in order to satisfy some flow equations. These notions have guided most laboratory core flooding experiments to be conducted in horizontal flow orientation, and the data obtained are as good as what the experiments tend to mimic. However, gravity effect plays a major role in gas liquid systems such as CO2 sequestration and some types of enhanced oil recovery techniques, particularly those involving gases, where large density difference exists between the fluid pair. In such cases, laboratory experiments conducted to derive relative permeability curves should take into consideration gravity effects and capillarity. Previous studies attribute directional dependence of relative permeability and residual saturations to rock anisotropy. It is shown in this study that rock permeability, residual saturation, and relative permeability depend on the interplay between gravity, capillarity, and viscous forces and also the direction of fluid flow even when the rock is isotropic. Rock samples representing different lithology and wide range of permeabilities were investigated through unsteady-state experiments covering drainage and imbibition in both vertical and horizontal flow directions. The experiments were performed at very low flow rates to capture capillarity. The results obtained showed that, for each homogeneous rock and for the same flow path along the core length, the relative permeability and residual saturation are dependent on flow direction. The results were reproducible in all experiments conducted on the samples. This directional dependence, when accounted for in numerical simulation, can significantly improve simulation accuracy in the flow processes described.
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