Two large deletions extending beyond either end of the RHD gene and their red cell phenotypes
Two large deletions extending beyond either end of the <i>RHD</i> gene and their red cell phenotypes, Published online: 16 November 2017; doi:10.1038/s10038-017-0345-3
Expression QTL analysis of glaucoma endophenotypes in the Norfolk Island isolate provides evidence that immune-related genes are associated with optic disc size
Expression QTL analysis of glaucoma endophenotypes in the Norfolk Island isolate provides evidence that immune-related genes are associated with optic disc size, Published online: 16 November 2017; doi:10.1038/s10038-017-0374-y
Homozygosity for a nonsense variant in AIMP2 is associated with a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, seizures, and spastic quadriparesis
Homozygosity for a nonsense variant in <i>AIMP2</i> is associated with a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, seizures, and spastic quadriparesis, Published online: 16 November 2017; doi:10.1038/s10038-017-0363-1
Publication date: December 2017
Source:EMC - Otorinolaringoiatria, Volume 16, Issue 4
Author(s): F. Marmouset, A.G. Piller, C. Bobillier, S. Pondaven, E. Lescanne
Lo sfintere velofaringeo è formato dai muscoli velari e della parete faringea posteriore. Il suo ruolo è importante nella differenziazione fonemica e nella deglutizione. La lesione della funzione dello sfintere velofaringeo è multicausale e può rivelare una patologia cromosomica come la sindrome 22q11.2. Un'insufficienza velofaringea presente nel periodo di apprendimento, nel bambino piccolo, può causare delle conseguenze permanenti sulla parola e sull'immagine di sé. La gestione diagnostica e il bilancio preterapeutico sono necessariamente multidisciplinari. Il chirurgo ORL realizza un bilancio morfologico e funzionale mediante rinofibroscopia e diagnostica per immagini, determinando l'operabilità. Il bilancio ortofonico-foniatrico è funzionale e percettivo, differenziando l'ipernasalità dalle compensazioni inadeguate e quantificando l'insufficienza velofaringea. Nel bambino è necessario un piano terapeutico multidisciplinare a lungo termine. Il chirurgo ORL mira a ripristinare una chiusura velare con l'obiettivo di migliorare l'ipernasalità (risonanza) e la perdita nasale (perdita d'aria). L'ortofonista si dedica preferibilmente alla gestione dei meccanismi di compenso articolatori inadeguati, pur avendo un'azione sullo sfintere velofaringeo. Un sostegno e una guida familiare sono indispensabili nel bambino piccolo e altri professionisti partecipano spesso alla gestione.
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Publication date: December 2017
Source:EMC - Otorinolaringoiatria, Volume 16, Issue 4
Author(s): A. Moya-Plana, E. Routier, C. Mateus, F. Kolb, C. Robert
I melanomi maligni cervicofacciali devono essere divisi in due gruppi distinti: i melanomi di origine cutanea e i melanomi mucosi. In effetti, queste due entità presentano importanti differenze in termini di storia naturale, epidemiologia, gestione terapeutica e prognosi. Il melanoma cutaneo è la forma predominante. La sua incidenza è in costante aumento da diversi decenni, con, in Francia, dieci nuovi casi ogni 100 000 abitanti per anno (all'origine di 1 600 decessi). Il principale fattore di rischio è l'esposizione solare, mentre le forme familiari rappresentano solo il 10% dei pazienti. Nel 30% dei casi, la localizzazione è cervicofacciale. Le particolarità anatomiche di questa regione influenzano significativamente le modalità di trattamento e la prognosi di questi pazienti, che è più riservata. Benché il trattamento resti prima di tutto chirurgico, sono stati compiuti recentemente notevoli progressi nel trattamento degli stadi avanzati con lo sviluppo di terapie mirate (anti-BRAF in particolare) e dell'immunoterapia (anti-programmed death 1 [PD-1]). Un posto importante deve essere lasciato alla prevenzione primaria e all'educazione dei pazienti, soprattutto in termini di protezione solare. Il melanoma mucoso, dal canto suo, è un tumore raro che rappresenta meno del 5% di tutti i melanomi. La sua localizzazione preferenziale è cervicofacciale, in particolare a livello nasosinusale. La prognosi del melanoma mucoso è riservata. Questa patologia è difficile da controllare a livello locale a causa del suo carattere spesso multifocale e dei vincoli anatomici della regione cervicofacciale, che rendono difficile ottenere un'exeresi oncologica soddisfacente. Inoltre, esiste un significativo rischio metastatico all'origine di un'importante mortalità precoce. Il trattamento di riferimento è la chirurgia, classicamente seguita da una radioterapia adiuvante. Nuove tecniche di radioterapia (adroterapia, ecc.) e terapie innovative (terapie mirate, ecc.) sono in corso di valutazione.
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Publication date: December 2017
Source:EMC - Otorinolaringoiatria, Volume 16, Issue 4
Author(s): A. Moya-Plana, J. Thariat, N. Saroul, O. Casiraghi, S. Vergez, L. de Gabory, F. Janot
I melanomi maligni cervicofacciali devono essere divisi in due gruppi distinti: i melanomi di origine cutanea e i melanomi mucosi. In effetti, queste due entità presentano importanti differenze in termini di storia naturale, epidemiologia, gestione terapeutica e prognosi. Il melanoma cutaneo è la forma predominante. La sua incidenza è in costante aumento da diversi decenni, con dieci nuovi casi in Francia per 100 000 abitanti e per anno (all'origine di 1 600 decessi). Il principale fattore di rischio è l'esposizione al sole, mentre le forme familiari rappresentano solo il 10% dei pazienti. Nel 30% dei casi, la localizzazione è cervicofacciale. Le particolarità anatomiche di questa regione influenzano significativamente le modalità terapeutiche e la prognosi di questi pazienti, che è più riservata. Benché il trattamento resti prima di tutto chirurgico, sono stati compiuti recentemente progressi importanti nel trattamento degli stadi avanzati con lo sviluppo delle terapie mirate (in particolare, anti-BRAF) e dell'immunoterapia (anti-PD1). Un posto importante deve essere attribuito alla prevenzione primaria e all'educazione dei pazienti, soprattutto in termini di protezione solare. Il melanoma mucoso, dal canto suo, è un tumore raro che rappresenta meno del 5% di tutti i melanomi. La sua localizzazione preferenziale è cervicofacciale, in particolare a livello nasosinusale. La prognosi del melanoma mucoso è riservata. In effetti, questa patologia è difficile da controllare localmente a causa del suo carattere spesso multifocale e dei vincoli anatomici della regione cervicofacciale, che rendono difficile la realizzazione di un'exeresi oncologica soddisfacente. Inoltre, c'è un significativo rischio metastatico all'origine di una significativa mortalità precoce. Il trattamento di riferimento è la chirurgia tipicamente seguita da una radioterapia adiuvante. Nuove tecniche di irradiazione (adroterapia, ecc.) e terapie innovative (terapie mirate, ecc.) sono in corso di valutazione.
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Publication date: December 2017
Source:EMC - Otorinolaringoiatria, Volume 16, Issue 4
Author(s): J.-C. Ceccato, J. Bourien, F. Venail, J.-L. Puel
Il 16% della popolazione adulta e una persona su due oltre i 75 anni soffrono di disturbi uditivi (sordità, acufeni). Visto l'aumento della speranza di vita e l'esposizione al rumore che accelera l'invecchiamento, molte persone avranno dei benefici nell'uso di apparecchi. Oggi, praticamente tutti gli apparecchi acustici sono digitali e connessi. Questi dispositivi si presentano come retroauricolari indossati sul padiglione o come intrauricolari più o meno nascosti nel condotto uditivo esterno. Il principio di questi apparecchi è di amplificare l'informazione pertinente (in particolare il discorso) per avviarla vicino al timpano. Questo articolo descrive il funzionamento e le strategie di elaborazione del segnale per adattarsi alle diverse situazioni di ascolto dei pazienti. Certamente, l'adattamento protesico si basa su un approccio scientifico, soprattutto perché si basa su un bilancio audiologico completo e su dei software di trattamento del segnale sofisticati. Tuttavia, il successo di un apparecchio si basa anche su una gestione rieducativa del paziente, così come su un supporto personalizzato e regolare per arrivare a una regolazione adeguata alla sordità, all'ambiente, alla vita e alle aspettative dell'ipoudente.
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The French Society of Clinical Pharmacy (SFPC) asked a group of experts to adapt the SFPC hospital pharmacists' interventions reporting tool for use in community pharmacy practice. This study aimed to develop and validate a tool for the routine reporting of pharmacists' interventions in French community settings.
Two groups of community pharmacists coded reports of 60 typical pharmacists' interventions. One group was "experts" (n = 4) who had participated in the development of the tool (internal validation) and the other were "external" community pharmacists (n = 6), naïve to the tool (external validation). The Kappa coefficient was used to assess the inter-reliability of classification between participants. A 4-level Likert scale was used to evaluate ease of use and acceptability.
The tool we developed for recording and classifying PIs has 19 items; 11 non-ordered categories describing drug-related problems; and 7 items describing interventions. Two tables of definitions were provided to help community pharmacists in the classification. The mean κ statistic was (i) 0.63 for experts and 0.73 for external community pharmacists in categorizing drug-related problems and (ii) 0.69 for experts and 0.75 for external community pharmacists in categorizing interventions.
A specific tool for the documentation of pharmacists' interventions in community pharmacies is now available in French. Besides being useful to describe pharmacists' interventions in studies in community settings, it can be used to document the pharmaceutical patient record and to support the traceability process.
The SFPC tool for the routine reporting of pharmacists' interventions in community settings was developed and validated by 10 community pharmacists who coded 60 typical pharmacists' interventions.
Oral pathologies are prevalent in diabetes, and they may affect the quality of life and patient's perception of their oral health. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated to oral health-related quality of life of patients with diabetes.
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 316 patients visiting a hospital diabetic unit. Sociodemographic, oral and medical care data were recorded, and a General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire was completed. A multivariable analysis was performed.
Of the 316 study participants, 61.7% had type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and 20.5% had poorly controlled diabetes. Forty-five percent had at least one oral complication, 55% had visited a dentist within the past year, and 67% reported having poor oral health and 281 answered the GOHAI questionnaire. A low GOHAI score (≤ 50) was obtained for 24.6% of the patients and was associated with T2DM (OR=2.15, CI95% 0.95-5.15), poorer oral health (OR=2.31, CI95%1.04-5.44), dry mouth sensation (OR=2.76, CI95% 1.36-5.72), and use of a removable prosthesis (OR=4.22, CI95% 1.93-9.49).
Oral health status was poorer and had a negative effect on the quality of life among patients with T2DM, possibly contributing to poorly balanced nutrition.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
A Wylie pediatric dentist has been acquitted of child indecency charges by a Collin County jury. Allen Pearson, 49, had been indicted on two counts of indecency with a child by contact involving an underage relative.
No abstract available (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: CI in single-sided deafness is an effective treatment to improve the auditory localization accuracy. Speech reception in complex noise conditions is improved to a lesser extent in 73% of the participating CI SSD patients. However, the absence of true binaural interaction effects (summation, squelch) impedes further improvements. The development of speech processing strategies that respect binaural interaction seems to be mandatory to advance speech perception in demanding listening situations in SSD patients. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of Bell's palsy in participants who underwent mastoidectomy (to treat chronic otitis media) and nonmastoidectomy participants (control). Methods: Using the national cohort study from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, mastoidectomy patients (2,045) and control participants (8,180) were matched 1:4 for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The prevalence of Bell's palsy in both the groups was measured from 0 to 10 years postoperation. Results: In a sample of 1,025,340 Korean individuals, 7,070 were diagnosed or treated with Bell's palsy between 2002 and 2013; the annual incidence of Bell's palsy was 0.057%. The overall prevalence of Bell's palsy was three times higher in the mastoidectomy group (1.27%) ...
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Conclusion: The CI receiver position is important for an artifact-free examination of the internal auditory canal and the cochlea. The realization of the position over a time course supports awareness of artifact-related visibility limitations. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: There was a time-dependent pattern of change in serum prestin after exposure to low-dose cisplatin in a resistant (mouse) and sensitive (guinea pig) rodent models. These comparative results suggest prestin may serve as a biomarker for cisplatin ototoxicity. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusions: The absence of the glimpsing effect in CI users was reaffirmed in the present study. Although very effective in single noise source conditions, the beneficial impact of beamforming algorithms in multiple noise source conditions is poor. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: Online patient information on vestibular schwannoma is highly variable in quality. Although there are a wide range of different websites easily available to patients on their condition and its treatment options, the information is written at a difficult level which may exceed the understanding level of many patients as it is written at a higher than average level of expected reading ability. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: We have been able to show that cochlear pericytes are capable of reducing capillary diameter after exposition to TNF. Moreover, the reduction in capillary diameter observed after the application of TNF is revertible after neutralization of tumor necrosis factor by the application of etanercept. It seems that contraction of cochlear pericytes contributes to the regulation of cochlear blood flow. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: It is suggested that immune activity in patients with AAV localized to the ear is equivalent to activity in patients with systemic AAV. Therefore, we may need treatment for OMAAV equal in intensity to that for systemic AAV. As the hearing level at diagnosis was worse in patients with AAV localized to the ear than in patients with systemic AAV, earlier diagnosis may be needed to improve hearing outcome. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: As a consequence, we propose the term "Hydropic Ear Disease" as a new terminology which is based on symptomatic and imaging characteristics of these clinical entities to clarify and simplify their diagnostic classification. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: The curvature of osseous EAC in the cholesteatoma group was significantly larger than that in the no cholesteatoma group. It is suggested that the curvature of osseous EAC was a risk factor for EAC cholesteatoma formation. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusions: These results indicate that for ROT and vHIT tests, central compensation is observed in CPR and no-CPR patients. It acts primarily by increasing deficit side responses. Central compensation provides approximately 60% of the VOR improvement for CPR patients. The rest of the improvement is due to peripheral recovery which appears necessary to reduce VOR asymmetry to normal at 13 weeks on average. Balance control improvement is more rapid than that of the VOR and marginally affected by the lack of peripheral recovery. Both VOR and balance control measures at onset provide indicators of future peripheral recovery. For these reasons VOR and balance control needs to be tested at aUPVD onset and at 13 weeks. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusions: Substantial cochlear damage in human meningioma of the internal auditory canal is not common. This may explain the anecdotal hearing improvement observed after surgical resection of meningioma. Our findings underline the importance of developing therapeutic strategies to prevent cochlear neuronal degeneration due to tumors of the internal auditory canal. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Auditory evoked potentials (AEP) are highly demanded during the whole process of equipping patients with cochlear implants (CI). They play an essential role in preoperative diagnostics, intraoperative testing, and postoperative monitoring of auditory performance and success. The versatility of AEP's is essentially enhanced by their property to be evokable by acoustic as well as electric stimuli. Thus, the electric responses of the auditory system following acoustic stimulation and recorded by the conventional surface technique as well as by transtympanic derivation from the promontory (Electrocochleography [ECochG]) are used for the quantitative determination of hearing loss and, additionally, electrically evoked compound actions potentials (ECAP) can be recorded with the intracochlear ele...
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Conclusion: Long-term (>5 yr) hearing durability rates are generally very good. Most studies do not report patient and tumor characteristics, therefore precluding combining studies for meta-analysis. Only preoperative and postoperative postoperative pure-tone average was associated with long-term hearing durability. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: Different lines of anatomical, neurophysiological, and clinical evidence support the notion that oVEMPs measure predominantly contralateral utricular function, while cervical cVEMPs are an indicator of ipsilateral saccular function. Bone-conducted vibration (BCV) in the midline of the forehead at the hairline (Fz) or unilateral air-conducted sound (ACS) are commonly used as stimuli for oVEMPs. It is recommended to apply short stimuli with short rise times for obtaining optimal oVEMP responses. Finally, this review summarizes the clinical application and interpretation of oVEMPs, particularly for vestibular neuritis, Ménière's disease, superior canal dehiscence and "challenging" patients. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Conclusion: During the period of late antiquity, medical knowledge of both the east and west was preserved and taught in Persia. Among surgical interventions used during the first millennium BCE in India, knowledge of which passed, through the shutra, to the Sasanian Empire in the 6th century CE, was use of the pedicle cheek flap for pinna reconstruction. Even as late as the Renaissance, the pedicle flap was not known to surgeons in the West, and a pedicle flap, though not a cheek flap, was first incorporated into Western medical practice during the 1930s. (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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No abstract available (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Objective: To survey graduating residents or recent graduates of otolaryngology residency programs to evaluate their Otology/Neurotology (ON) experience in residency and discern if they had received adequate training in time to decide whether to pursue a fellowship in Otology or Neurotology. Study Design: Internet-based survey. Methods: A survey was distributed to all US otolaryngology residency programs to distribute to 5th year residents and recent graduates in last 4 years. The survey assessed satisfaction in ON experience, presence of ON fellows, adequacy of experience to decide on ON fellowship, post-graduate year (PGY) year at which residents observed, performed, and proficiently performed five procedures (tympanoplasty, mastoidectomy, ossiculoplasty, stapedectomy, and cochlear imp...
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No abstract available (Source: Otology and Neurotology)
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Mandibular defects involving the condyle represent a complex reconstructive challenge for restoring proper function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as it requires precise bone graft alignment for full restoration of joint function. The use of CAD/CAM technology can aid in accurate reconstruction of mandibular condyle defects with a vascularized free fibula flap without the need for additional adjuncts. The purpose of this study is to analyze clinical and functional outcomes following reconstruction of mandibular condyle defects using only a free fibula graft with the help of virtual surgery techniques.
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The clinical neurosensory testing (NST) is currently the gold-standard for the diagnosis of traumatic and non-traumatic peripheral trigeminal neuropathies (PTN), but exhibits both false positive and negative results when compared to surgical findings and frequently delays treatment decisions. We tested the hypothesis that magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) of PTN can serve as a diagnostic modality by correlating NST, MRN and surgical findings.
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The purpose of this study is to document the malocclusion and facial dysmorphology in a series of long face (LF) subjects with chronic obstructive nasal breathing prior to treatment and the outcomes after bimaxillary orthognathic, osseous genioplasty, and intranasal surgery.
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Tissue engineering combining cross-linked serum scaffolds with bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells has displayed excellent results for repair of maxillofacial bone defects in animal models, but it had not been tested in humans yet. We present here a pilot clinical trial using autologous bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (H-MSV) grown in a serum cross-linked scaffold (BioMax) for treatment of maxillary cysts in 9 patients. Cells obtained from alveolar bone were seeded in the BioMax scaffold prepared from autologous serum, expanded under GMP conditions, and subjected to osteogenic differentiation for 3-4 weeks before application.
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Could you please introduce yourself and explain your profession to our readers? I'm Dr Amir Teymoortash, and I'm an orthodontist at Pachem Norodom Clinic. I've attended several training courses and seminars in the Philippines, the United States and S Korea before and since receiving my three full year orthodontics Master's degree.
Purpose: Small intraoral defects are usually reconstructed using skin autografts. However, the goal of this research was to describe an alternative to the classical techniques using artificial dermis (Integra®) in the reconstruction of these types of injuries. Materials and Methods: Four patients with small intraoral lesions in different locations underwent resection. The created defects were covered with a bilayer of Integra®; then, a chlorhexidine stent cure (Laboratorios Salvat, Barcelona, Spain) was applied.
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To assess whether auto-calibrating medical-grade monitors perform better than off-the-shelf monitors and tablet computers in detecting artificial incipient and recurrent caries-like lesions.
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To determine the socio-demographic, behavioral and clinical factors affecting obturator function and satisfaction using the Obturator Functioning Scale (OFS) in maxillectomy patients rehabilitated with obturator prostheses.
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We report the 10-year experience with oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) at the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
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The aim of this case-control study was to investigate whether subjects with a first myocardial infarction (MI) had a higher prevalence of calcified carotid artery atheromas (CCAAs) in panoramic radiographs (PRs) than age, gender, and residential area matched controls without MIs.
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The aim of this study was to compare the peri-implant bone level changes of implants placed during and 3 months after bone grafting from the iliac crest.
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for stroke. Little is known about the cerebrovascular hemodynamic changes during apnea. Hypercapnia occurs in apneas and hypopneas, and a reduced cerebral vasodilatory response to CO2 could compromise the cerebral blood flow (CBF). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether the apnea−hypopnea index (AHI) affected the cerebrovascular response to CO2.
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Acute mountain sickness (AMS) is caused by a low partial pressure of oxygen and may occur above 2500m. The aim of this research was to evaluate olfactory and gustatory abilities of healthy subjects during baseline conditions and after seven hours of normobaric hypoxia.
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The following report presents a case of two late embedded hypoglossus branches during implantation of an upper airway stimulation device that caused a mixed activation of the tongue when included in the stimulation cuff. In the end, correct cuff placement could be achieved by careful examination of the hypoglossal nerve anatomy, precise nerve dissection, tongue motion analysis and intraoperative nerve monitoring.
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Patulous Eustachian Tube (PET) is of increasing importance in otology. However, despite the abundance of diseases requiring a differential diagnosis from PET, such as superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome, perilymphatic fistula, acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss, etc., there are currently no established diagnostic criteria for PET.In view of these circumstances, the Japan Otological Society (JOS) Eustachian Tube Committee proposed the diagnostic criteria for Patulous Eustachian Tube in 2012, in order to promote clinical research on PET.
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Work life expectancy (WLE) expresses the expected time a person will remain in the labor market until he or she retires. This paper compares a life table approach to estimating WLE to an approach based on mult...
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Wearable activity trackers offer considerable promise for helping users to adopt healthier lifestyles. This study aimed to explore users' experience of activity trackers, including usage patterns, sharing of d...
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Patients with TB have diverse and often challenging clinical and social needs that may hamper successful treatment outcomes. Understanding the need for additional support during treatment (enhanced case manage...
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The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of 4 endodontic sealers against bacteria planktonic grown or in biofilms commonly detected from persistent and secondary endodontic infections.
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The objectives of this study were to compare the fracture resistance of simulated human immature teeth that have undergone mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apexification and have been root-filled with fiber post, composite resin, MTA, or gutta-percha.
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Previous studies in patients with irreversible pulpitis have reported increased success of the inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using premedication with ketorolac. Preemptive nitrous oxide administration has also shown an increase in the success of the IANB. Recently, ketorolac has been made available for intranasal delivery. Perhaps combining ketorolac and nitrous oxide would increase success. Therefore, the purpose of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to determine the effect of a combination of intranasal ketorolac and nitrous oxide/oxygen on the anesthetic success of the IANB in patients presenting with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.
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Many endodontic treatment failures in maxillary molars result from missed second mesiobuccal (MB2) canals. An MB2 canal orifice is present in as many as 95% of maxillary molars, but these canals are not always located during endodontic procedures. Additional tools, such as cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging, may be needed to locate these canals in maxillary molars. Hence, the aims of this study were to investigate the frequency of use of CBCT imaging during the treatment of maxillary molars and to evaluate the influence of its use on the detection of MB2 canals.
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The persistence of dentin-bound lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in disinfected root canals impedes treatment outcomes of endodontic procedures. This study assessed the effects of photoactivated rose bengal–functionalized chitosan nanoparticles (CSRBnps) on LPS-contaminated root dentin in vivo using an intraosseous implantation model and neotissue formation as a marker.
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As America moves further and further away from the industrialized, assembly line work force that thrived during the early and mid-20th century, the wage gap between those with a 4-year college degree and those without has continued to rise. According to Economic Policy Institute , working adults with a college degree made roughly 56.6% more than those that only had a high school diploma in 2016.
After the publication of this work [1] an error was noticed in Table 3. In the column 'Elderly', in the last row it states 98 ± 11.87** however the correct value should be: 34.98 ± 11.87**.
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A disintegrin and metalloprotease with motif 5(ADAMTS5) has been involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) with hypermethylation in the promoter. However, its role in CRC remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical significance and biological effect of ADAMTS5 on colorectal carcinogenesis. Through MSP, qRT-PCR, WB and IHC analysis, followed by a variety of in vitro assays, we report the function of ADAMTS5 in CRC. ADAMTS5 was markedly hypermethylaed and downregulated in tumor tissues compared with non-tumor tissues (p < 0.001). Negative expression of ADAMTS5 was much more common in tumor tissues than that in normal tissues (p < 0.001) and correlated with histologic types (p = 0.002), poor OS (p = 0.029) and DFS (p = 0.018). In vitro assay revealed that overexpression of ADAMTS5 inhibited the capabilities of migration and invasion of CRC cells, and no effect on cell growth, cell cycle and apoptosis. ADAMTS5 is hypermethylated and inhibits cancer cells invasion and migration in colorectal cancer, and correlates with OS and DFS, indicating that ADAMTS5 might be a useful biomarker in colorectal cancer therapy.
Publication date: February 2018
Source:Archives of Oral Biology, Volume 86
Author(s): Huaqi Guo, Tongxia Wang, Xiaohong Niu, Hui Wang, Weihan Yang, Jie Qiu, Lan Yang
ObjectiveThis systematic review was performed to determine the risk factors related to bruxism in children.DesignThis systematic review was conducted with reporting in agreement to the PRISMA statement and according to guidelines from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. We conducted a systematic search of seven online databases, with the last search updated on 1st October 2016. The seven databases were Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library database, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, and WF. The included trial type were RCT, cohort studies, and case-control studies, and bruxism symptoms were assessed by questionnaires and examinations. Eighteen out of the 5637 initially identified studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Resultsgender, age, gene, mixed position, anxiety, the nervous, secondhand smoke, high psychological reactions, responsibility, move a lot during sleep, sleeps with mouth open, snores loudly, restless sleep, sleep hours, sleep with light on, noise in room, headache, biting, cheeks tonus, perioral musculature participation, conduct problems, peer problems, emotional symptoms, mental health problems, birth weight, occupation of family head, maternal marital status, hyperactivity, family income seemed to have statistical significance from the present systematic review and meta-analysis.ConclusionsThe risk factors related to bruxism were as follows: Male, gene, mixed position, moves a lot, anxiety, the nervous, psychological reactions, responsibility, secondhand smoke, snore loudly, restless sleep, sleep with light on, noise in room, "sleep hours, ≤8h", headache, objects biting, conduct problems, peer problems, emotional symptoms and mental health problems.
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Neurofeedback ist ein Therapieverfahren unter Einsatz der Elektroenzephalographie (EEG), dessen Ziel es ist, eine Selbstkontrolle der eigenen Gehirnaktivität zu erlangen bzw. die eigene Gehirnaktivität gezielt zu beeinflussen. Diese Technik ist nachgewiesenermaßen geeignet, bestimmte Beschwerden wie Aufmerksamkeitsprobleme, Hyperaktivität, Depression oder Migräne zu verbessern. Auch zur Behandlung von Tinnitus ist dieses Verfahren in den letzten Jahren wiederholt in Studien mit dem Erfolg einer Besserung der Tinnitussymptomatik eingesetzt worden, hat sich allerdings nicht als routinemäßig verwendetes Therapieverfahren durchgesetzt. Diese Übersicht beschreibt die Rationale des Einsatzes von Neurofeedback bei Tinnitus und die bisher vorliegende Datenlage gemäß den publizierten Studien. Hierbei wird auch die alternative Methode des Neurofeedbacks, vermittelt durch Echtzeitmessungen in der funktionellen Magnetresonanztomographie („real time fMRT"), berücksichtigt. Zukünftige Möglichkeiten werden aufgezeigt, wie – orientierend an den zunehmenden Erkenntnissen über die Pathophysiologie des Tinnitus und an den verfeinerten EEG-Analysetechniken (Quellenschätzung, Konnektivität) – neuartige Neurofeedbackprotokolle zu einer nachhaltigeren Kontrolle von Tinnitusbeschwerden beitragen könnten.
The purpose of this clinical review was to assess the feasibility of reconstructing complex head and neck defects with 2 or more free flaps simultaneously.
A total of 38 articles were reviewed. The patient population included those who received 2 or more free flaps or a single free flap plus a locoregional flap. The primary outcome assessed was rate of complications.
Among double flaps, the minor complication rate was 6.96% and the major complication rate was 20.0%. In comparison, the free flap plus locoregional flap group had higher rates of minor and major complications of 30.4% and 29.5%, respectively. The median operating time was 660 minutes for double flaps and 602 minutes for free flap plus locoregional flap (P = .828).
Compared to the single free flap plus locoregional flap, double free flaps are relatively reliable without increasing surgical complications or decreasing flap survival, while only modestly increasing operating times.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on osteoradionecrosis (ORN).
We generated a mandibular ORN rat model using a combination of 20-Gy single-dose irradiation and tooth extraction. Study groups were negative control (tooth extraction only), ORN group (irradiation, tooth extraction), Matrigel-1 group (Matrigel; BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA; irradiation, Matrigel application immediately after tooth extraction), tonsil-derived MSC-1 group (irradiation, tonsil-derived MSC application immediately after tooth extraction), Matrigel-4 group (irradiation, Matrigel application 4 weeks after tooth extraction), and tonsil-derived MSC-4 group (irradiation, tonsil-derived MSC application 4 weeks after tooth extraction).
Bone mineral density was significantly lower in the ORN group than in the negative control group. The tonsil-derived MSC-1 group showed significantly higher bone mineral density than did the ORN and tonsil-derived MSC-4 groups.
A single 20-Gy dose of irradiation combined with tooth extraction successfully generated ORN in the rat model. The tonsil-derived MSCs can be effective for bone regeneration in ORN, particularly when applied immediately after dentoalveolar trauma or surgery.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the pull-through resection is better than the mandibular lip-split for advanced tongue/floor of mouth (FOM) cancers, which remains inconclusive.
A retrospective cohort study was performed on 91 patients with T4a tongue/FOM cancers from 2009 to 2014. Cases with mandibular resection were excluded. The pull-through resection was used when the mouth opening was ≥15 mm; otherwise the mandibular lip-split was used.
Fifty-eight patients received pull-through resections and 33 underwent mandibular-lip splits and the mean follow-up periods were 42 and 45 months, respectively. Surgical margin, locoregional recurrence, and 5-year survival were similar between the 2 groups. The pull-through approach had a significantly shorter operation time, lower rates of flap infection, osteoradionecrosis, metal plate exposure, loss of tooth vitality, and better aesthetics.
Our data suggest that the pull-through resection does not compromise disease control for advanced tongue/FOM cancers and is superior to the mandibular lip-split in terms of operation time, postoperative complications, and aesthetics.
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Burning mouth syndrome causes a painful burning sensation on the tongue or in the mouth. Learn more about the potential causes in this article.
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Frequent Daily Dealer readers might start to sense a theme of late. Recently, I've paid special attention to grooming and hygiene deals.
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A look at yellow tongue, a condition resulting in a yellow coating on the surface of the tongue. Included is detail on who is at risk and complications.
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The entry-level milling solution is available again as part of the U.S. CEREC product portfolio, offering an attractive and affordable path to digital dentistry and single-visit restorations
CHARLOTTE, N.C., Nov. 14, 2017- Dentsply Sirona announced today the reintroduction of the CEREC MC Milling Unit to the U.S. dental market.
CEREC MC is ideal for practitioners who are interested in single-visit chairside inlays, onlays, and single-unit veneers and crowns. With the ability to wet grind and dry mill, dentists can use a vast array of chairside materials to produce single-unit restorations in one office visit.
Used in conjunction with CEREC Omnicam, CEREC MC:
The milling unit is part of the plug-and-play CEREC workflow. Simply scan, design and produce for strong, beautiful restorations in just a single patient visit.
"We used to say CAD/CAM was the future of dentistry, and as we enter 2018, it's become clear that it is now the present," said Director of Marketing, Clinical CAD/CAM Lou Vodopivec. "CEREC MC offers a cost-effective option to incorporate efficient workflows, improving productivity and patient satisfaction. We are excited to reintroduce this high-quality product with a flexible upgrade path that grows with the needs of the practice."
Providing an avenue for future development, Dentsply Sirona is offering an upgrade path for anyone who purchases a CEREC MC Milling Unit between now and June 1, 2018. All MC units purchased between the aforementioned dates are eligible for an upgrade to the CEREC MC XL Practice Lab Milling Unit within 24 months of ownership*.
To learn more, visit http://ift.tt/2z26V61 or contact your local Dentsply Sirona representative.
Safety and tolerability of selumetinib as a monotherapy, or in combination with docetaxel as second-line therapy, in Japanese patients with advanced solid malignancies or non-small cell lung cancer.
Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2017 Nov 10;:1-12
Authors: Seto T, Hirai F, Saka H, Kogure Y, Yoh K, Niho S, Fukase K, Shimada H, Sasai M, Fukino K
Abstract
Objective: This Phase I study (NCT01605916) investigated the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic profile of selumetinib plus docetaxel as second-line therapy in Japanese patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), or selumetinib monotherapy in Japanese patients with advanced solid malignancies.
Methods: All enrolled patients received single-dose selumetinib 25, 50 or 75 mg, followed by a 3-day washout. Combination therapy cohorts then started a 21-day cycle of docetaxel 60 mg/m2 plus selumetinib 25 or 75 mg twice-daily (BID) on Day 1. Thereafter, selumetinib BID continued for 20 days; patients received ≤6 cycles. Following single-dosing, monotherapy cohorts underwent a 21-day cycle of selumetinib 25, 50 or 75 mg BID.
Results: Thirty-three patients were enrolled and 25 assigned to treatment (combination, n = 8; monotherapy, n = 17). Most frequent adverse events (AEs) included: vomiting, decreased appetite, diarrhea, nausea and stomatitis (combination cohorts); gastrointestinal disorders, skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders (monotherapy cohorts). Grade 3 dose-limiting toxicities: febrile neutropenia, causally related to combination therapy (n = 3); pneumonitis, selumetinib 50 mg monotherapy (n = 1). Selumetinib 75 mg monotherapy and selumetinib 25 mg plus docetaxel 60 mg/m2 were tolerated; selumetinib 75 mg plus docetaxel 60 mg/m2 was not tolerated. Selumetinib pharmacokinetic profile was similar when administered as a monotherapy or in combination with docetaxel.
Conclusions: Selumetinib 75 mg monotherapy was tolerated in Japanese patients with NSCLC. Due to the overall selumetinib AE profile, the maximum tolerated dose was not determined for combination therapy or monotherapy. Selumetinib 75 mg BID plus docetaxel 60 mg/m2 was not tolerated in this patient population.
PMID: 29136201 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Effect of Incorporation of Antifungal Agents on the Ultimate Tensile Strength of Temporary Soft Denture Liners.
J Prosthodont. 2017 Nov 14;:
Authors: Neppelenbroek KH, Lima JFM, Hotta J, Galitesi LL, Almeida ALPF, Urban VM
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate the ultimate tensile strength of temporary soft denture liners modified by minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antifungal agents for Candida albicans biofilm (SC5314) determined in previous microbiological research.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dumbbell-shaped specimens (n = 7) with a central cross-sectional area of 6 × 3 × 33 mm were produced by Softone and Trusoft, without (control) or with incorporation of drugs in powder form at MICs for C. albicans biofilm (per g of material powder): nystatin (0.032 g), chlorhexidine diacetate (0.064 g), ketoconazole (0.128 g), miconazole (0.256 g), and itraconazole (0.256 g). After plasticization, specimens were immersed in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours, 7 or 14 days, and then tested in tension in a universal testing machine at 40 mm/min. Data of tensile strength (MPa) and elongation percentage (%) were submitted to 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05).
RESULTS: At the end of 14 days, the tensile strength for both materials was significantly lower in the groups modified by miconazole and itraconazole compared to the other groups (p < 0.0001), which showed no significant difference between them (p > 0.05). After 7 and 14 days in water, miconazole and itraconazole added into both materials resulted in significantly lower elongation percentages compared to the other antifungal agents and control (p < 0.0001), which were similar to each other (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The addition of the nystatin, chlorhexidine, and ketoconazole at MICs for C. albicans biofilm resulted in no harmful effects on the tensile strength and elongation percentage of the temporary soft denture liner materials up to 14 days.
PMID: 29135059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Biofilm formation and cell-cell sensing by the pioneer dental plaque coloniser Streptococcus gordonii is dependent upon arginine. This study aimed to identify genetic factors linking arginine-dependent responses and biofilm formation in S. gordonii. Isogenic mutants disrupted in genes required for biosynthesis or catabolism of arginine, or for arginine-dependent gene regulation, were screened for their ability to form biofilms in a static culture model. Biofilm formation by a knockout mutant of arcR, encoding an arginine-dependent regulator of transcription, was reduced to <50% that of the wild-type whereas other strains were unaffected. Complementation of S. gordonii ∆arcR with a plasmid-borne copy of arcR restored the ability to develop biofilms. By DNA microarray analysis, 25 genes were differentially regulated in S. gordonii ∆arcR compared with wild-type under arginine-replete conditions including 8 genes encoding components of phosphotransferase systems for sugar uptake. By contrast, disruption of argR or ahrC genes, which encode paralogous arginine-dependent regulators, each resulted in significant changes in the expression of more than 100 genes. Disruption of a gene encoding a putative extracellular protein that was strongly regulated in S. gordonii ∆arcR had a minor impact on biofilm formation. We hypothesise that genes regulated by ArcR form a critical pathway linking arginine sensing to biofilm formation in S. gordonii. Further elucidation of this pathway may provide new targets for the control of dental plaque formation by inhibiting biofilm formation by a key pioneer coloniser of tooth surfaces.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The increased incidence of severe disseminated infections caused by opportunistic yeast-like fungi Candida spp. highlights the urgent need for research into the major virulence factors of these pathogens - extracellular aspartic proteinases of the candidapepsin and yapsin families. Classically, these enzymes were considered to be generally destructive factors that damage host tissues and provide nutrients for pathogen propagation. However, in recent decades, novel and more specific functions have been suggested for extracellular candidal proteinases. These include contributions to cell wall maintenance and remodeling, the formation of polymicrobial biofilms, adhesion to external protective barriers of the host, the deregulation of host proteolytic cascades (such as the complement system, blood coagulation and the kallikrein-kinin system), a dysregulated host proteinase-inhibitor balance, the inactivation of host antimicrobial peptides, evasion of immune responses and the induction of inflammatory mediator release from host cells. Only a few of these activities recognized in C. albicans candidapepsins have been also confirmed in other Candida species, while characterization of C. glabrata yapsins remains limited.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Pleomorphic adenoma directly arising in the neck is thought to originate from heterotopic salivary gland tissue. In this article, we present the case of a 55-year-old female patient with a histologically proven pleomorphic adenoma located at the left mandibular angle, anteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and posteroinferiorly to the submandibular gland. As the patient also had an ipsilateral thyroid nodule with coarse calcifications, clinical and radiological features suggested a possible level II metastatic lymph node. However, ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology and postsurgery histopathological examination revealed a pleomorphic adenoma arising from heterotopic salivary gland tissue unrelated to a benign thyroid nodule. In this article, we provide a review of the existing literature on heterotopic salivary gland tissue and related neoplasms and discuss their imaging presentation.
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| | This revised and updated second edition of the popular and comprehensive guide to the study of gastroenterology The revised second edition of Essentials of Gastroenterology provides a highly practical and concise guide to gastroenterology. The text covers every major disorder likely to be encountered during both GI training and in clinical practice. It also offers a handbook for preparing for Board examinations Read More... |
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Publication date: Available online 14 November 2017
Source:The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Author(s): Didier Musso, Hervé Bossin, Henri Pierre Mallet, Marianne Besnard, Julien Broult, Laure Baudouin, José Eduardo Levi, Ester C Sabino, Frederic Ghawche, Marion C Lanteri, David Baud
The Zika virus crisis exemplified the risk associated with emerging pathogens and was a reminder that preparedness for the worst-case scenario, although challenging, is needed. Herein, we review all data reported during the unexpected emergence of Zika virus in French Polynesia in late 2013. We focus on the new findings reported during this outbreak, especially the first description of severe neurological complications in adults and the retrospective description of CNS malformations in neonates, the isolation of Zika virus in semen, the potential for blood-transfusion transmission, mother-to-child transmission, and the development of new diagnostic assays. We describe the effect of this outbreak on health systems, the implementation of vector-borne control strategies, and the line of communication used to alert the international community of the new risk associated with Zika virus. This outbreak highlighted the need for careful monitoring of all unexpected events that occur during an emergence, to implement surveillance and research programmes in parallel to management of cases, and to be prepared to the worst-case scenario.
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Improvement in the sensitivity of newborn screening for Fabry disease among females through the use of a high-throughput and cost-effective method, DNA mass spectrometry
Improvement in the sensitivity of newborn screening for Fabry disease among females through the use of a high-throughput and cost-effective method, DNA mass spectrometry, Published online: 15 November 2017; doi:10.1038/s10038-017-0366-y
Verification of analytical performance of measurands becomes an essential requirement for the laboratories before proceeding to patients' samples testing. In our study we have verified the performance of HbA1C Immunoturbidimetric assay (VITROS 5600) against manufacturers' claims using CLSI EP15A3 Guidelines. We performed our study using two concentrations of Quality Control from Bio-Rad (Level 1 and Level 2). A precision verification study was carried out using five replicates of QC per day for five days following which imprecision estimates in form of Within Run (Repeatability) %CV and Within Lab %CV were calculated and compared against manufacturer's claims. Second part of our study included derivation of grand mean from the results of 25 replicates of QC used for precision verification. This was compared against the Target Value of the assigned QC obtained from the peer group mean of laboratories participating in interlaboratory QC program (unityTM Interlab-Bio-Rad) for %bias estimation. The findings of our precision study showed an acceptable Within Lab imprecision (%CVWL-0.6%), while the %CV -repeatability (%CVR-0.54%) was greater than the manufacturer's claim (σR-0.5%). Hence upper verification limit for the manufacturer's claim (0.65%) was calculated against which the %CV Repeatability was compared and was found to be acceptable. The trueness verification showed that our grand mean (5.488%) was within the verification interval of the target value (5.462–5.497%) and hence the actual %bias was not statistically significant. Our study demonstrates that HbA1C immunoassay shows an acceptable performance consistent with the manufacturer's claims.
The number of older people with dementia and a natural dentition is growing. Recently, a systematic review concerning the oral health of older people with dementia with the focus on diseases of oral hard tissues was published.
To provide a comprehensive literature overview following a systematic approach of the level of oral hygiene and oral health status in older people with dementia with focus on oral soft tissues.
A literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. The following search terms were used: dementia and oral health or stomatognathic disease. A critical appraisal of the included studies was performed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) and Delphi list.
The searches yielded 549 unique articles, of which 36 were included for critical appraisal and data extraction. The included studies suggest that older people with dementia had high scores for gingival bleeding, periodontitis, plaque, and assistance for oral care. In addition, candidiasis, stomatitis, and reduced salivary flow were frequently present in older people with dementia.
The studies included in the current systematic review suggest that older people with dementia have high levels of plaque and many oral health problems related to oral soft tissues, such as gingival bleeding, periodontal pockets, stomatitis, mucosal lesions, and reduced salivary flow.
With the aging of the population, a higher prevalence of dementia and an increase in oral health problems can be expected. It is of interest to have an overview of the prevalence of oral problems in people with dementia.
Older people with dementia have multiple oral health problems related to oral soft tissues, such as gingival bleeding, periodontal pockets, mucosal lesions, and reduced salivary flow.
The oral health and hygiene of older people with dementia is not sufficient and could be improved with oral care education of formal and informal caregivers and regular professional dental care to people with dementia.
On Nov. 10, the dental office of Duffy and Kwiatt Dental Associates in Vernon Hills opened its doors to provide free dental care to military veterans in need. As part of the Illinois Dentists Salute initiative, sponsored by the Illinois State Dental Society, member dentists around the state volunteered their time and staff to pay tribute to the brave men and women who have served our country in the Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force and Coast Guard.
