Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell type diversity of human prostate

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell type diversity of human prostate Via ScienceDirect Publication: Journal of Genetics and Genomics Publication date: Available online 6 April 2022 Source: Journal of Genetics and Genomics Author(s): Yang Chen, Peng Zhang, Jinling Liao, Jiwen Cheng, Qin Zhang, Tianyu Li, Haiying Zhang, Yonghua Jiang, Fangxing Zhang, Yanyu Zeng, Linjian Mo, Haibiao Yan, Deyun Liu, Qinyun Zhang, Chunlin Zou, Gong-Hong Wei, Zengnan Mo View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Differences in oral anticoagulant prescriptions between specialists and non-specialists in patients with cardioembolic stroke caused by non-valvular atrial fibrillation

alkiviadis.1961 shared this article with you from Inoreader Differences in oral anticoagulant prescriptions between specialists and non-specialists in patients with cardioembolic stroke caused by non-valvular atrial fibrillation Via Latest Results Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common disease encountered in daily practice; however, few patients with AF received oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy. This study focused on differences in OAC prescriptions and influencing factors between specialists (neurological and cardiovascular) and non-specialists. A retrospective comparative analysis was conducted on 480 patients with acute cardioembolic stroke caused by non-valvular AF who were admitted to our hospital between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020. All patients had visited our hospital or other hospitals for their underlying diseases. Overall, 232 (specialist group SG) and 248 patients (non-specialist group NSG) were examined by specialists and non-specialists, respectively. The NSG had a significantly lower percentage of OAC prescriptions on admission than the SG (P < 0.01), even after propensity score matching. Factors influencing OAC prescription in the SG were age, hypertension, paroxy smal AF, dementia, CHADS2 score, and antiplatelet drug use, while those in the NSG were a history of cerebral infarction, paroxysmal AF, dementia, and antiplatelet drug use [SG: age, odds ratio (OR) 0.919, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.865–0.976; hypertension, OR 0.266, 95% CI 0.099–0.713; paroxysmal AF, OR 0.189, 95% CI 0.055–0.658; dementia, OR 0.253, 95% CI 0.085–0.758; CHADS2 score, OR 2.833, 95% CI 1.682–4.942; and antiplatelet drug use, OR 0.072, 95% CI 0.025–0.206; NSG: cerebral infarction, OR 5.940, 95% CI 1.581–22.309; paroxysmal AF, OR 0.077, 95% CI 0.010–0.623; dementia, OR 0.077, 95% CI 0.014–0.438; and antiplatelet drug use, OR 0.024, 95% CI 0.004–0.152]. In conclusion, the OAC prescription rate was higher in patients with non-valvular AF whose family physicians were specialists at the time of cerebral infarction onset. In addition, in the SG, advanced age and hypertension were associated with not prescribing OAC, whereas a hig her CHADS2 score was associated with the prescription of OACs. In the NSG, a history of cerebral infarction was associated with the prescription of OACs. Further, paroxysmal AF, antiplatelet drug use, and dementia were associated with non-OAC therapy in both the groups. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Peritoneal Tuberculosis Mimicking Peritoneal Carcinomatosis on 68Ga-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG PET/CT

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Peritoneal Tuberculosis Mimicking Peritoneal Carcinomatosis on 68Ga-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG PET/CT Via Clinical Nuclear Medicine - Published Ahead-of-Print We report a case of tuberculosis peritonitis in a 26-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain, fatigue, and weight loss for the last 4 months. Abdominal US and CT demonstrated intra-abdominal massive ascites, misty mesentery, and diffuse peritoneal thickening. In addition, 3 nodular lesions were detected in the right lung. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed hypermetabolism in lung nodules, mesenteric area, peritoneal thickening, and ascites. 68Ga-FAPI-04 (fibroblast activation protein–specific inhibitor) PET/CT imaging was also performed; high uptakes were detected in the same regions of 18F-FDG PET/CT. Tuberculosis diagnosis was made after histopathological examination of wedge resection of the right lung. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

A multi-pollutant approach to estimating causal effects of air pollution mixtures on overall mortality in a large, prospective cohort.

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A multi-pollutant approach to estimating causal effects of air pollution mixtures on overall mortality in a large, prospective cohort. Via Epidemiology - Published Ahead-of-Print Background: Several studies have confirmed associations between air pollution and overall mortality, but it is unclear to what extent these associations reflect causal relationships. Moreover, few studies to our knowledge have accounted for complex mixtures of air pollution. In this paper, we evaluate causal effects of a mixture of air pollutants on overall mortality in a large, prospective cohort of Dutch individuals. Methods: We evaluated 86,882 individuals from the LIFEWORK study, assessing overall mortality between 2013-2017 through national registry linkage. We predicted outdoor concentration of five air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, PM2.5 absorbance, oxidative potential) with land-use regression. We used logistic regression and mixture modeling (weighted quantile sum and boosted regression tree models) to identify potential confounders, assess pollutants relevance in the mixture–outcome association, and investigate interactions and non-linearities. Based on these results, we built a multivariate generalized propensity score model to estimate causal effects of pollutant mixtures. Results: Regression model results were influenced by multicollinearity. Weighted quantile sum and boosted regression tree models indicated that all components contributed to a positive linear association with the outcome, with PM2.5 being the most relevant contributor. In the multivariate propensity score model, PM2.5 (OR=1.18, 95% CI:1.08,1.29) and PM10 (OR=1.02, 95% CI:0.91,1.14) were associated with increased odds of mortality per interquartile range increase. Conclusion: Using novel methods for causal inference and mixture modeling in a large prospective cohort, this study strengthened the causal interpretation of air pollution effects on overall mortality, emphasizing the primary role of PM2.5 within the pollutant mixture. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of cervical and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential responses between tone burst versus chirp stimulation

paythelady.61 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of cervical and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential responses between tone burst versus chirp stimulation Via Latest Results for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Abstract Purpose To compare the effectiveness of chirp and tone burst stimuli in oVEMP and cVEMP testing for healthy adults Methods This study was conducted in 56 healthy volunteers (112 ears). Ocular and cervical VEMP (oVEMP, cVEMP) tests were performed for each participant using tone burst and chirp stimuli. VEMP response rates, latency of each peak (p1–n1, n1–p1), peak to peak amplitude (p1–n1 amplitude and n1–p1 amplitude), and rectified amplitudes were measured and compared between these two different stimuli. Results VEMP response rates with chirp stimuli are higher than the tone burst stimuli for both cVEMP and oVEMP tests (The difference was statistically significant for oVEMP, p = 0.001). Chirp stimuli have higher p1n1 amplitude and rectified amplitude and shorter p1and n1 latency then tone burst stimuli for cVEMP (p = 0.015, p = 0.007, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Chirp stimuli also have higher n1p1 amplitude and shorter n1and p1 latency then tone burst stimuli for oVEMP (p = 0.006, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion The present findings show that the chirp stimulus triggers earlier VEMP responses with higher amplitudes than the tone burst stimulus during cVEMP and oVEMP testing. VEMP response rate with chirp stimulus is also higher than the tone burst. Therefore chirp stimulus can be used in VEMP testing as effectively as, if not more than, tone burst stimulus in clinical practice. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Conventional approaches versus laser CO2 surgery in stapes surgery: a multicentre retrospective study

paythelady.61 shared this article with you from Inoreader Conventional approaches versus laser CO2 surgery in stapes surgery: a multicentre retrospective study Via Latest Results for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Abstract Purpose To analyze and compare surgical and audiological outcomes of conventional approaches versus laser CO2 surgery in stapes surgery. Methods 333 patients who underwent stapes surgery were enrolled in the study; the patient population was divided into three groups: group 1: 170 patients treated with conventional stapedotomy with manual microdrill (average age 49.13 years); group 2: 119 patients treated with conventional stapedotomy with electrical microdrill (average age 51.06 years); group 3: 44 patients (average age 50.4 years) who underwent CO2 laser stapedotomy. Intra-operative, postoperative outcomes and audiological results were investigated. Results The average surgical time of laser CO2 surgery was longer than for other surgical procedures. No statistical differences emerged in post-operative abnormal taste sensation. There was also no difference in postoperative dizziness. Air-bone gap (ABG) went down from 29.7 ± 10 dB (group 1) and 27.32 ± 9.20 (group 2) to 10 ± 6.9 dB (group 1) and 10.7 ± 6.03 dB (group 2). In group 3 the preoperative ABG was lowered from 28.3 ± 10.1 to 11.8 ± 10.9, with a statistical difference in auditory recovery (p = 0.0001); The group of patients treated with laser CO2 showed a percentage of patients with an ABG closure of between 0 and 10 dB higher than in the group treated with manual microdrills (77.2% vs. 60%, respectively; p = 0.03). Conclusion Overall surgical results of CO2 laser and conventional stapedotomy are comparable without any significant difference; however, the group treated with CO2 laser appears to have a percentage of patients with an ABG closure 0–10 dB higher than the group treated using the conventional technique. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Endolymphatic sac tumor: single-institution series of seven cases with updated review of literature

paythelady.61 shared this article with you from Inoreader Endolymphatic sac tumor: single-institution series of seven cases with updated review of literature Via Latest Results for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Abstract Background Endolymphatic sac tumour (ELST) is a rare low-grade locally aggressive neoplasm arising from the endolymphatic duct or sac. It presents mostly with vestibulo-cochlear symptoms either sporadically or as part of von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) syndrome. Micro-neurosurgical excision remains the cornerstone of therapy with the role of radiotherapy (RT) being controversial. This is a clinico-pathological analysis of consecutive ELST patients presenting to a single-institution in India. Methods Neuropathology database of a tertiary-care comprehensive cancer centre was searched electronically to identify consecutive patients with histopathological diagnosis of ELST registered at the institute over last one decade. Data regarding demographic profile, clinical presentation, histopathological features, treatment details and outcomes were retrieved from electronic medical records for this retrospective analysis. Results Electronic search identified seven unique patients with biopsy-proven ELST registered at the institute between 2009 and 2020. Median age of the study cohort was 39 years (range 24–65 years) with strong male predilection (5:2 ratio) and left-sided preponderance (71%). Most common presenting symptoms were hearing loss (86%) and earache (71%) on affected side followed by headache (43%). All patients underwent maximal safe resection at initial diagnosis and were followed-up closely with periodic surveillance imaging. Two patients underwent salvage RT using high-precision conformal techniques at recurrence/progression. Conclusion ELST is a rare low-grade locally aggressive neoplasm that arises generally as part of VHL syndrome or sometimes sporadically. Gross total resection provides the best chance of cure with RT being reserved for unresectable disease, large residue, medical inoperability, or as salvage therapy for recurrent/progressive tumor. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Taste impairment after endoscopic stapes surgery: Do anatomic variability of chorda tympani and surgical technique matter?

paythelady.61 shared this article with you from Inoreader Taste impairment after endoscopic stapes surgery: Do anatomic variability of chorda tympani and surgical technique matter? Via Latest Results for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Abstract Purpose To investigate how the anatomical configuration of the oval window region (OWR) influences the management of the chorda tympani (ChT) and the curetting of adjacent bony structures, in a setting of patients undergoing endoscopic stapes surgery (EStS); to assess the incidence of early and late post-operative dysgeusia and to identify anatomical and surgical factors influencing taste function after EStS. Methods Surgical video recordings of 48 patients undergoing EStS for otosclerosis between January 2019 and July 2020 were retrospectively revised, to classify the anatomical variability of selected middle ear structures and the management strategies for the ChT. Clinical records of included patients were reviewed for subjective early and late post-operative taste impairment using a 5-point Likert-scale. Results The most common configuration of the OWR was type III. The extension of the bony curettage resulted inversely proportional to the exposure of the OWR. The long-term rate of preserved post-operative taste function was 85%. Displacement of the ChT was necessary in 43/48 cases (90%), mostly medially (36/48, 75%). Conclusion Bone curetting during EStS does not correlate with post-operative taste impairment. Despite 100% ChT preservation rate, dysgeusia may occur in a minority of patients, with no apparent relationship to anatomical variability or intraoperative management of the ChT. The use of CO2 laser could have a role in increasing the risk of post-operative dysgeusia after EStS. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Comparison of PET-CT, CT and MRI scan in initial staging and management of head and neck cancers

paythelady.61 shared this article with you from Inoreader Comparison of PET-CT, CT and MRI scan in initial staging and management of head and neck cancers Via Latest Results for European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Abstract Background To evaluate the utility of positron-emission tomography (FDG PET) in initial staging and management of head and neck cancers. Methods This is a retrospective study of 99 treatment naïve head and neck cancer patients treated between January 2017 and December 2020 at a tertiary teaching centre. Change in initial staging and management was noted based on PET scan compared to cross-sectional imaging (CT and MRI). Results There were 73 (73.7%) males and 26 (26.2%) females with male-to-female ratio of 2.8:1.Overall, change in management was seen in 36/99 (36.4%) patients due to PET scan. With regards to initial staging, T, N and M stage was changed in 14/99 (14.1%), 19/99 (19.1%) and 3/99 (3%) patients, respectively. These changes were significantly higher in patients with unknown primary (63.3%, p value −0.001) and N3 (41%, p −0.045) nodal disease. Conclusion PET-CT plays an important role in appropriate initial staging and subsequent treatment planning of head and neck cancers. Advances in knowledge Initial staging PETCT changes management in 36.4% cases. Accuracy of various different imaging modalities have been compared. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Assessment of deep convolutional neural network models for mandibular fracture detection in panoramic radiographs

paythelady.61 shared this article with you from Inoreader Assessment of deep convolutional neural network models for mandibular fracture detection in panoramic radiographs Via International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The aim of this study was to develop automated models for the identification and detection of mandibular fractures in panoramic radiographs using convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms. A total of 1710 panoramic radiograph images from the years 2016 to 2020, including 855 images containing mandibular fractures, were obtained retrospectively from the regional trauma centre. CNN-based classification models, DenseNet-169 and ResNet-50, were fabricated to identify fractures in the radiographic images. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Skeletal maturation in different anteroposterior and vertical skeletal growth patterns in female subjects

paythelady.61 shared this article with you from Inoreader Skeletal maturation in different anteroposterior and vertical skeletal growth patterns in female subjects Via Latest Results for Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie Abstract Purpose The aim of the present work was to study the sequence of skeletal maturation in the various anteroposterior and vertical skeletal growth patterns and to detect whether differences existed between them. Methods Cephalograms of 861 growing and adolescent female patients were traced to categorize the subjects into 9 skeletal patterns. Each subject was assigned a skeletal maturational stage. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni test were used to detect differences in the onset of the three growth stages (prepubertal, pubertal and postpubertal) between the 9 groups. The same statistical methods were used to detect differences between the mean ages at the three growth stages within each group. Results No statistically significant differences were found between the mean ages of pubertal and postpubertal growth stages between the 9 skeletal patterns. However, class III growers had a significantly earlier onset of prepubertal growth (10.25 ± 1.56 years) when compared to that of class II high angle cases (11.11 ± 1.67 years; P < 0.01). Also, significant differences were found between the mean ages at the three growth stages within the groups. Conclusion A map was created defining the sequence of skeletal maturation for each skeletal growth pattern. This map defines clinically relevant differences in the starting time points and the optimum intervals of growth modification for each skeletal growth pattern. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.