Human papillomavirus prevalence in the anus and urine among HIV-infected Japanese men who have sex with men

Publication date: Available online 6 July 2017
Source:Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy
Author(s): Hiroshi Yaegashi, Kazuyoshi Shigehara, Ichiro Itoda, Mitsuaki Ohkodo, Kazufumi Nakashima, Shohei Kawaguchi, Mikio Ueda, Koji Izumi, Yoshifumi Kadono, Hiroko Ikeda, Mikio Namiki, Atsushi Mizokami
BackgroundThe present study investigated human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in anal and urine samples, and evaluated cytological findings among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Japanese men who have sex with men (MSM).MethodsA total of 148 patients were enrolled. Anal and urine samples were collected from each participant, and a HPV-DNA test and genotyping were performed using flow-through hybridization. In addition, anal cytology was evaluated based on Papanicolaou staining. Questionnaires regarding lifestyle habits and sexual behavior were obtained.ResultsThe β-globin gene was positive in 131 (88.5%) anal samples and 139 (94.0%) urine samples. Among the β-globin-positive samples, the HPV prevalence in anal and urine samples was 80.9% and 30.9%, respectively. High-risk HPV (HR-HPV) was detected in 57.3% of anal samples and 20.9% of urine samples. Among 122 adequate cytological samples, anal cytological abnormalities were observed in 99 cases (81.1%). Anal cytological tests revealed that atypical squamous cells of an undetermined significance (ASCUS) were detected in 57 (46.7%) patients, followed by low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) in 35 (28.7%), high-grade SIL in five (4.1%), and atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade SIL (ASC-H) in two (1.6%), respectively. The nadir counts of CD4-positive T-lymphocyte less than 200 μL and anal HR-HPV infection were independent risk factors for anal cytological atypia over ASC-H.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated high HPV prevalence in the anus and urine, and showed a high incidence of anal cytological atypia associated with HR-HPV infections among HIV-infected MSM patients.



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