Participation of osteoclastogenic factors in immunopathogenesis of human chronic periapical lesions.

Participation of osteoclastogenic factors in immunopathogenesis of human chronic periapical lesions.

J Oral Pathol Med. 2017 Jul 21;:

Authors: Santos SCLT, Couto LA, Fonseca JM, Xavier FCA, Figueiredo ACL, Freitas VS, Freitas RA, Santos JN, Henriques ACG

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic periapical lesions (CPLs) are common lesions of the oral cavity and are the result of caries, tooth fracture, iatrogenic causes or factors causing contamination and pulp necrosis. Inflammatory cells participate in the expansion of CPLs by releasing factors that stimulate or inhibit osteolytic activity. The objective of this study was to investigate the participation of RANKL, TNF-α, cathepsin K, IL-33 and OPG in the development of radicular cysts (RCs) and periapical granulomas (PGs).
METHODS: Paraffin-embedded sections of 30 RCs and 22 PGs were submitted to immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS: Immunoexpression of the proteins studied was observed in the epithelium and capsule of RCs, as well as in connective tissue of PGs. The expression of the osteoclastogenic factors studied differed significantly in RCs and PGs (p<0.001), with lower expression of OPG in RCs. In PGs, the lowest expression was observed for cathepsin K. Comparison of the two lesions showed a similar participation of RANKL and IL33, while a significant difference was observed for OPG (p<0.001), TNF-α (p=0.002) and cathepsin K (p=0.016). No association of proteins expression with lesions size was observed.
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the participation of RANKL, TNF-α, IL-33, cathepsin K and OPG in the development of RCs and PGs, with emphasis on the highest immunoreactivity of cathepsin in RCs and TNF-α and OPG in PGs. OPG possibly determines the slower growth of PGs compared to RCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 28731540 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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