Osteoradionecrosis: a review of pathophysiology, prevention and pharmacological management using pentoxyfilline, alpha-tocopherol and clodronate.

A significant complication of radiotherapy to the head and neck for cancer treatment is osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws. The management of ORN can be complex and often requires a multimodality approach. Non-surgical treatments with or without adjunct measures and surgical interventions have all been employed based on staging of the disease process. New theories on the pathophysiology of ORN have led to the identification of novel treatment modalities including pharmacological management using pentoxifylline, tocopherol and clodronate (together referred to as "Pentoclo").

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